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<mods:title id="0740B00DB7C21032692B2093AA190E6C">Taxonomic revision of the P. chartergoides species-group of the genus Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="4CC69A966CBF2486E1BF4FBC02180566">Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Instituto de Estudos do Xingu, R. Constantino Viana, s / n, 68380 - 000, São Félix do Xingu, PA, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CF072317F9220E3E5034C7268C4E3698">Silveira, Orlando T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FBCE49F2B0C5AC39E93FFE10B84B4398">Coordenação de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, MCTI, Av. Perimetral s / n, Campus de Pesquisa, 66040 - 170, Belem, PA, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="14E87D09C3722A0F8145B086FB7792EB">Carpenter, James M.</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="EE77D546A1568F237495F939FDC2F90D" bold="true" box="[151,549,1727,1754]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1568F237495F939FDC2F90D" ID-CoL="4N6P4" authority="(Fox, 1898)" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[151,549,1727,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscata">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F237495F939FDC2F90D" bold="true" box="[151,549,1727,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F237495F939FE76F90E" bold="true" box="[151,401,1727,1754]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Protopolybia fuscata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F2375A3F946FDFBF90D" author="Fox, W. J." box="[417,540,1728,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="445 - 460" refId="ref9917" refString="Fox, W. J. (1898) Contributions to a knowledge of the Hymenoptera of Brazil, N ° 5 Vespidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1898, 445 - 460." type="journal article" year="1898">Fox, 1898</bibRefCitation>
)
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(
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1568F23749DF962FEECF929" box="[159,267,1764,1790]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1609,1633]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetId="figure-165@2.[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 16. 1, 2. Protopolybia chartergoides; 3, 4. Protopolybia fuscata; 5, 6. Protopolybia duckeianus. pc= pronotal carina; mp= metanotal process; white setae= pronotal fovea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537530/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Figs. 3, 4</figureCitation>
, 15, 16, 17, 18, 29)
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<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F237495F8AEFDFDF897" author="Fox, W. J." box="[151,538,1832,1857]" page="459" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1898">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1568F237495F8AEFDFDF897" authority="Fox, 1898: 459" authorityName="Fox" authorityPageNumber="459" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,538,1832,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Charterginus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F237495F8AEFE90F896" box="[151,375,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Charterginus fuscatus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1568F23757FF8AFFDFDF897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559304" box="[381,538,1832,1857]" collectionCode="CM" country="Brazil" location="Mararu" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F23757FF8AFFDFDF897" author="Fox, W. J." box="[381,538,1832,1857]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="445 - 460" refId="ref9917" refString="Fox, W. J. (1898) Contributions to a knowledge of the Hymenoptera of Brazil, N ° 5 Vespidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1898, 445 - 460." type="journal article" year="1898">Fox, 1898: 459</bibRefCitation>
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.
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:
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,
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1568F2376ADF8AEFD16F897" box="[687,753,1832,1856]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="B05F34F1A1568F2376F8F8AFFCA2F896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1568F2376F8F8AFFCA2F896" box="[762,837,1833,1857]" country="Brazil" name="Mararu" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Mararú</location>
(CM, Pittsburgh), examined.
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<paragraph id="B53F622AA1568F237495F8C1FC05F888" blockId="4.[151,1436,1832,2041]" box="[151,994,1863,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="95904504A1568F237495F8C1FC05F888" box="[151,994,1863,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F237495F8C1FDB4F888" author="Dalla Torre, K. W." box="[151,595,1863,1887]" page="85" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1904">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1568F237495F8C1FDB4F888" authority="Dalla Torre 1904: 85" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityPageNumber="85" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,595,1863,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Charterginus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F237495F8C1FE90F888" box="[151,375,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Charterginus fuscatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F23757FF8C1FDB4F888" author="Dalla Torre, K. W." box="[381,595,1863,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref9721" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. (1904) Vespidae. Genera Insectorum, 19, 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1904">Dalla Torre 1904: 85</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F23765FF8C1FC39F888" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Van der Vecht, J." box="[605,990,1863,1887]" page="222" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F23765FF8C1FC39F888" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Van der Vecht, J." box="[605,990,1863,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="211 - 241" refId="ref9571" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Van der Vecht, J. (1991) A study of the Vespidae described by William J. Fox (Insecta: Hymenoptera), with assessment of taxonomic implications. Annals of the Carnergie Museum, 60, 211 - 241." type="journal article" year="1991">Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht 1991: 222</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1568F237495F8E0FD63F8A9" blockId="4.[151,1436,1832,2041]" box="[151,644,1894,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="95904504A1568F237495F8E0FD63F8A9" box="[151,644,1894,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F237495F8E0FDFDF8A9" author="Ducke, A." box="[151,538,1894,1918]" page="325" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1904">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1568F237495F8E0FDFDF8A9" authority="Ducke 1904: 325" authorityName="Ducke" authorityPageNumber="325" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,538,1894,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Chartergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F237495F8E0FE84F8A9" box="[151,355,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Chartergus fuscatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F23756BF8E0FDFDF8A9" author="Ducke, A." box="[361,538,1894,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="317 - 371" refId="ref9742" refString="Ducke, A. (1904) Sobre as Vespidas sociaes do Para. Boletim do Museu Emilio Goeldi, 4, 317 - 371. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 100023" type="journal article" year="1904">Ducke 1904: 325</bibRefCitation>
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, 329, 338.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1568F237495F802FBDFF86C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1832,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="95904504A1568F237495F802FBDFF86C" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F237495F802FD8DF84B" author="Ducke, A." box="[151,618,1924,1949]" page="466" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1568F237495F802FD8DF84B" authority=": Ducke 1910: 466" authorityName="Ducke" authorityPageNumber="466" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,618,1924,1949]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Pseudochartergus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F237495F802FE4EF84A" box="[151,425,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Pseudochartergus fuscatus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F2375B5F802FD8DF84B" author="Ducke, A." box="[439,618,1924,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="449 - 544" refId="ref9857" refString="Ducke, A. (1910) Revision des guepes sociales polygames d'Amerique. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 8, 449 - 544." type="journal article" year="1910">Ducke 1910: 466</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F237677F803FCA6F84B" author="Bequaert, J." box="[629,833,1924,1949]" page="105" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F237677F803FCA6F84B" author="Bequaert, J." box="[629,833,1924,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="99 - 117" refId="ref9134" refString="Bequaert, J. (1938) A new Charterginus from Costa Rica, with notes on Charterginus, Pseudochartergus, Pseudopolybia, Epipona and Tatua (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Revista de Entomologia, 9, 99 - 117." type="journal article" year="1938">Bequaert 1938: 105</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F23774EF803FC13F84B" author="Jeanne, R. L." box="[844,1012,1924,1949]" page="55" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F23774EF803FC13F84B" author="Jeanne, R. L." box="[844,1012,1924,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="54 - 69" refId="ref9995" refString="Jeanne, R. L. (1970) Descriptions of the nests of Pseudochartergus fuscatus and Stelopolybia testacea, with a note on a parasite of S. testacea (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Psyche, 77, 54 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1970 / 32640" type="journal article" year="1970">Jeanne 1970: 55</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 56, 60;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F23704CF802FAFFF84B" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1102,1304,1924,1949]" page="154" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F23704CF802FAFFF84B" author="Richards, O. W." box="[1102,1304,1924,1949]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" refId="ref10165" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards 1978: 154</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 155; Overal 1978: 11;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F23752FF825FD8DF86C" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Wenzel, J. W." box="[301,618,1955,1979]" page="180" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F23752FF825FD8DF86C" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Wenzel, J. W." box="[301,618,1955,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="177 - 186" refId="ref9622" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Wenzel, J. W. (1990 [1989]) Synonymy of the genera Protopolybia and Pseudochartergus (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). Psyche, 96, 177 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1989 / 82471" type="journal article" year="1990">Carpenter &amp; Wenzel 1990: 180</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 183;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F2376AAF825FC84F86C" author="Wenzel, J. W." box="[680,867,1955,1979]" page="515" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F2376AAF825FC84F86C" author="Wenzel, J. W." box="[680,867,1955,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="480 - 519" refId="ref10825" refString="Wenzel, J. W. (1991) Evolution of nest architecture. In: Ross, K. G. &amp; Matthews, R. W. (Eds.), The social biology of wasps. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 480 - 519. https: // doi. org / 10.7591 / 9781501718670 - 017" type="book chapter" year="1991">Wenzel 1991: 515</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Downing 1991: 548
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1568F237495F844FEC0F82E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1832,2041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="95904504A1568F237495F844FEC0F82E" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F237495F844FCECF80D" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Van der Vecht, J." box="[151,779,1986,2010]" page="222" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1991">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1568F237495F844FCECF80D" authority=": Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht 1991: 222" authorityName=": Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht" authorityPageNumber="222" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,779,1986,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F237495F844FE91F80D" box="[151,374,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">Protopolybia fuscatus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F237586F844FCECF80D" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Van der Vecht, J." box="[388,779,1986,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="211 - 241" refId="ref9571" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Van der Vecht, J. (1991) A study of the Vespidae described by William J. Fox (Insecta: Hymenoptera), with assessment of taxonomic implications. Annals of the Carnergie Museum, 60, 211 - 241." type="journal article" year="1991">Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht 1991: 222</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F237714F844FC08F80D" author="Sarmiento, C." box="[790,1007,1986,2010]" page="359" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F237714F844FC08F80D" author="Sarmiento, C." box="[790,1007,1986,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="357 - 363" refId="ref10494" refString="Sarmiento, C. (1994) Lista de las avispas sociales (Hym. Vespidae) de Colombia. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 42 (1 / 2), 357 - 363." type="journal article" year="1994">Sarmiento 1994: 359</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="3421443BA1568F2377F8F844FAD6F80D" author="Santos-Junior, J. N. A. &amp; Silveira, O. T. &amp; Carpenter, J. M." box="[1018,1329,1986,2010]" page="153" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1568F2377F8F844FAD6F80D" author="Santos-Junior, J. N. A. &amp; Silveira, O. T. &amp; Carpenter, J. M." box="[1018,1329,1986,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="546" pagination="151 - 182" refId="ref10196" refString="Santos-Junior, J. N. A., Silveira, O. T. &amp; Carpenter, J. M. (2015) Phylogeny of Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 and taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia exigua species-group (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) with description of four new species. Zootaxa, 3956 (2), 151 - 182. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3956.2.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
Santos-Junior
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1568F23708FF845FB26F80D" box="[1165,1217,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="546">et al.</emphasis>
2015: 153
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 154, 168, 174, 182.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A31A1A1578F227495FF10FF24FE5E" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F227495FF10FF24FE5E" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F227495FF10FEEDFF67" bold="true" box="[151,266,150,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Length of fore wing
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F227603FF10FD8FFF66" box="[513,616,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.16" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="5.16">5.16 mm</quantity>
; eyes glabrous; gena narrow, about 0.41 × eye width; occipital carina developed only on upper quarter of the head (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1578F227681FF3DFD3FFF02" box="[643,728,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 2340" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[293,1334,197,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[195,1392,181,1826]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 2340. 23. Protopolybia diligens; 24. P. amarella; 25. P. duckeianus; 26. P. picteti; 27. P. nitida; 28. P. palidibalteatus; 29. P. fuscata; 30. P. fulvotincta; 31. P.nitida; 32. P. acutiscutis; 33. P. chartergoides; 34, 35. P. chartergoides; 36. P. diligens; 37. P. nitida. 38. P. chatergoides; 39. P. duckeianus; 40. P. panamensis. Scale 1.0 mm. mg= median groove; dm= distal margin; pv= propodeal valve; black setae= occipital carina; red setae= spiracles tending to face forward" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537536/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
); body almost completely covered by minute bristles; pronotal carina laterally very developed, angular (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1578F227668FF59FD48FF2E" box="[618,687,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1609,1633]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetId="figure-165@2.[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 16. 1, 2. Protopolybia chartergoides; 3, 4. Protopolybia fuscata; 5, 6. Protopolybia duckeianus. pc= pronotal carina; mp= metanotal process; white setae= pronotal fovea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); prominence in front of the pronotal fovea developed, high (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1578F22716DFF59FF41FECA" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1609,1633]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetId="figure-165@2.[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 16. 1, 2. Protopolybia chartergoides; 3, 4. Protopolybia fuscata; 5, 6. Protopolybia duckeianus. pc= pronotal carina; mp= metanotal process; white setae= pronotal fovea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); pronotal fovea distinct, wide and deep; mesoscutum without conspicuous bristles. Metanotum short, metanotal process with apex narrowly rounded (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1578F227639FEA1FD67FE96" box="[571,640,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1609,1633]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetId="figure-165@2.[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 16. 1, 2. Protopolybia chartergoides; 3, 4. Protopolybia fuscata; 5, 6. Protopolybia duckeianus. pc= pronotal carina; mp= metanotal process; white setae= pronotal fovea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); propodeal valves narrow. Color black with few marks yellow on front and gena. Apical angle of paramere narrow (Fig. 15), apex of aedeagus approximately truncated in dorsal view (Fig. 17).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A31A1A1578F2274C5FE14FB8AFB3E" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="description">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F2274C5FE14FAC1FD1A" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F2274C5FE14FE8AFE7B" bold="true" box="[199,365,402,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Redescription</emphasis>
. FEMALE. Length of fore wing
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F2276F9FE14FC81FE7A" box="[763,870,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.16" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="5.16">5.16 mm</quantity>
; clypeus narrow, approximately as long as wide (HClp=0.91; MxWClp=0.81;TeW=0.63; MiWClp
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F2276CEFE31FD3BFE06" bold="true" box="[716,732,439,465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">=</emphasis>
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F2276DEFE31FCA1FE06" box="[732,838,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.199999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="0.72">0.72 mm</quantity>
), ventral margin narrowly subtruncated; tentorial pit closer to antennal socket than to eye margin; interantennal area relatively wide, approximately 2 × diameter of antennal socket; mandibles relatively short, with length 0.54 × times distance between eyes at vertex; gena very narrow, about 0.41 × eye width; occipital carina developed only on upper quarter of the head; pronotal carina laterally very developed, angular; prominence in front of the pronotal fovea developed, high; pronotal fovea distinct, wide and deep (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1578F22750DFDEDFEB2FD52" box="[271,341,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1609,1633]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetId="figure-165@2.[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 16. 1, 2. Protopolybia chartergoides; 3, 4. Protopolybia fuscata; 5, 6. Protopolybia duckeianus. pc= pronotal carina; mp= metanotal process; white setae= pronotal fovea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); length of mesoscutum 1.03 × its width; scrobal groove obsolete; metanotum triangular, short, length of median axis 0.56 × width of central disk, metanotal process with apex narrowly rounded (
<figureCitation id="2DBB7EAFA1578F2270F4FD09FADBFD7E" box="[1270,1340,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1609,1633]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetId="figure-165@2.[340,1247,561,1585]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 16. 1, 2. Protopolybia chartergoides; 3, 4. Protopolybia fuscata; 5, 6. Protopolybia duckeianus. pc= pronotal carina; mp= metanotal process; white setae= pronotal fovea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4537530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4537530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); propodeum with wide and shallow cavity; T1 sessile, distinctly wider than long, approximately as wide as T2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F2274C5FD51FD2DFC8A" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Frons, mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum and propodeum with sparse micropunctation and deeper and stronger mesopunctation; T1T5 with mesopunctation strong and deep; clypeus with short golden bristles, except on ventral margin, which has elongated bristles; eyes with small sparse bristles; mesoscutum without conspicuous bristles; propodeum with short and sparse bristles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F2274C5FCE1FE1FFC3A" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Color black, scape and pedicel ventrally brown, antennomeres and mandibles black to brown; clypeus almost entirely, inner orbit with narrow yellow band which extends to the ocular sinus, outer orbit with narrow yellow band which extends to the occiput; tegulae partially brown, propodeum without dorsal marks; T1T5 black. Legs black; wings hyaline, venation brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F2274C5FC71FB8AFB3E" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">
MALE. Length of fore wing
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F227604FC70FD8BFBC6" box="[518,620,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.58" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="mm" value="5.58">5.58 mm</quantity>
; eyes wide, strongly produced inwards; clypeus narrow, longer than wide, with silvery and long bristles, ventral margin little produced and subtruncated; tentorial pit closer to eye margin than to antennal socket; gena very narrow; color like female.
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F22770CFBB9FC67FB8E" box="[782,896,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Genitalia.</emphasis>
Parameral spine without elongate bristles; basal angle of paramere widened, apical angle narrow (Fig. 15); digitus wide with apical margin approximately rounded, without long bristles; basal process acuminate (Fig. 18); cuspis strongly covered by long bristles; ventral process of aedeagus laterally projecting, strongly sclerotized and weakly serrated (Fig. 16); preapical region of aedeagus not angular in lateral view (Fig. 16); apex approximately truncated in dorsal view (Fig. 17).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A31A1A1578F2274C5FB74FAA0FA16" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F2274C5FB74FAA0FA16" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F2274C5FB74FE4AFADB" bold="true" box="[199,429,1266,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F2275BCFB75FACDFADA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559309" box="[446,1322,1267,1293]" collectingDate="1979-04-18" collectorName="M. Cooper &amp; La Paz" country="Bolivia" elevation="270" location="Rurenabaque" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F2275BCFB75FDD1FADA" box="[446,566,1267,1293]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7744ACC8A1578F227646FB75FD9BFADA" box="[580,636,1267,1293]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Beni</collectingRegion>
,
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F227688FB75FD4AFADA" box="[650,685,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F2276BCFB75FCB2FADA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F2276BCFB75FCB2FADA" box="[702,853,1267,1293]" country="Bolivia" name="Rurenabaque" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Beni">Rurenabaque</location>
,
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F227761FB75FC41FADA" box="[867,934,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="270.0">
<elevation id="3EAD8519A1578F227761FB75FC41FADA" box="[867,934,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="270.0">270m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F2277B7FB75FBCCFADA" box="[949,1067,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1979-04-18">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F2277B7FB75FBCCFADA" box="[949,1067,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1979-04-18">18.iv.1979</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F22703CFB75FB26FADA" box="[1086,1217,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">M. Cooper</collectorName>
);
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F2270D5FB75FACDFADA" box="[1239,1322,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">La Paz</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F22713AFB75FCDAFAE6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559306" collectingDate="1979-04-22" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="M. Cooper" country="Bolivia" elevation="270" location="San Buenaventura" municipality="Rio" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F22713AFB75FABCFADA" box="[1336,1371,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="555BF850A1578F22716FFB75FA7FFADA" box="[1389,1432,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Rio</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F227495FA91FE80FAE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F227495FA91FE80FAE6" box="[151,359,1303,1329]" country="Bolivia" municipality="Rio" name="San Buenaventura" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Beni">San Buenaventura</location>
,
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F227571FA91FE52FAE6" box="[371,437,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="270.0">
<elevation id="3EAD8519A1578F227571FA91FE52FAE6" box="[371,437,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="270.0">270m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F2275C3FA91FDD0FAE6" box="[449,567,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1979-04-22">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F2275C3FA91FDD0FAE6" box="[449,567,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1979-04-22">22.iv.1979</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F227645FA91FD23FAE6" box="[583,708,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">M. Cooper</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA1578F2276D9FA91FCD2FAE6" box="[731,821,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F22774BFA91FC15FAE6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559333" box="[841,1010,1303,1329]" collectorName="Para" country="Brazil" location="BRAZIL" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F22774BFA91FC54FAE6" box="[841,947,1303,1329]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F2277BFFA91FC15FAE6" box="[957,1010,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Pará</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F2277FCFA91FF17FA82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559352" collectingDate="1967-11-30" collectionCode="R" collectorName="L. Jeanne" country="Brazil" location="Utinga" municipality="Belem" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="9" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F2277FCFA91FBC5FAE6" box="[1022,1058,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">9♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="555BF850A1578F22702DFA91FB9CFAE6" box="[1071,1147,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Belém</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F227085FA91FB31FAE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F227085FA91FB31FAE6" box="[1159,1238,1303,1329]" country="Brazil" municipality="Belem" name="Utinga" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Beni">Utinga</location>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F2270E0FA91FABEFAE6" box="[1250,1369,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1967-11-30">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F2270E0FA91FABEFAE6" box="[1250,1369,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1967-11-30">30.xi.1967</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA1578F227168FA91FA67FAE6" box="[1386,1408,1303,1329]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F227186FA91FF0FFA82" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">L. Jeanne</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F2274F8FABDFEF9FA82" box="[250,286,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F227529FABDFE47FA82" box="[299,416,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1901-04-26">26.iv.1901</date>
(Ducke),
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<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F227612FABDFDD4FA82" box="[528,563,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="555BF850A1578F227643FABDFD22FA82" box="[577,709,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Serra Norte</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F2276D2FABDFCCBFA82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F2276D2FABDFCCBFA82" box="[720,812,1339,1365]" country="Brazil" municipality="Serra Norte" name="Serraria" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Beni">Serraria</location>
, 20.vi,1986 (
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F2277BFFABDFBA3FA82" box="[957,1092,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">M.F. Torres</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F227054FABDFE99FAAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559328" collectingDate="2000-01-06" collectionCode="MPEG" collectorName="G. C. Venturieri" country="Brazil" location="Belterra" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F227054FABDFB9FFA82" box="[1110,1144,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F227084FABDFB04FA82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F227084FABDFB04FA82" box="[1158,1251,1339,1365]" country="Brazil" name="Belterra" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Beni">Belterra</location>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F2270ECFABDFAB0FA82" box="[1262,1367,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="2000-01-06">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F2270ECFABDFAB0FA82" box="[1262,1367,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="2000-01-06">06.i.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F227165FABDFEEEFAAD" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">G.C. Venturieri</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA1578F227520FAD9FE91FAAE" box="[290,374,1375,1401]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">MPEG</collectionCode>
)
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;
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F22758EFAD9FD6EFAAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559366" box="[396,649,1375,1401]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F22758EFAD9FE48FAAE" box="[396,431,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, 16.742 (
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA1578F22761FFAD9FD66FAAE" box="[541,641,1375,1401]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">MZUSP</collectionCode>
)
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;
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F227695FAD9FC9EFAAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559346" box="[663,889,1375,1401]" collectorName="Valle" country="Colombia" location="COLOMBIA" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F227695FAD9FCD6FAAE" box="[663,817,1375,1401]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F22773FFAD9FC9EFAAE" box="[829,889,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Valle</collectorName>
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,
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F227785FAD9FA7EFAAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559324" box="[903,1433,1374,1402]" collectingDate="1976-02-25" collectorName="M. J. W. Eberhardt" country="Colombia" location="Tulua" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F227785FAD9FC4DFAAE" box="[903,938,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F2277B8FAD9FC38FAAE" box="[954,991,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F2277EFFAD9FBD7FAAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F2277EFFAD9FBD7FAAE" box="[1005,1072,1375,1401]" country="Colombia" name="Tulua" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Beni">Tulua</location>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F22703CFAD8FB57FAAE" box="[1086,1200,1374,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1976-02-25">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F22703CFAD8FB57FAAE" box="[1086,1200,1374,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1976-02-25">25.ii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F2270C0FAD9FA76FAAD" box="[1218,1425,1375,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">M.J.W. Eberhardt</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F227495FA05FB0CFA4A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559347" box="[151,1259,1411,1438]" collectingDate="1977-07-14" collectionCode="R, BMNH" collectorName="C. W. Ruttenmeyer &amp; Chadab" country="Ecuador" elevation="280" location="Limonocha" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Napo">
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F227495FA05FEC4FA4A" box="[151,291,1411,1437]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7744ACC8A1578F22752EFA05FE8CFA4A" box="[300,363,1411,1437]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Napo</collectingRegion>
,
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F227574FA05FE7FFA4A" box="[374,408,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F2275A7FA05FDC0FA4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F2275A7FA05FDC0FA4A" box="[421,551,1411,1437]" country="Ecuador" name="Limonocha" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Napo">Limonocha</location>
,
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F227630FA05FD93FA4A" box="[562,628,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="280.0">
<elevation id="3EAD8519A1578F227630FA05FD93FA4A" box="[562,628,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="m" value="280.0">280m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F22767CFA05FD19FA4A" box="[638,766,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1977-07-14">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F22767CFA05FD19FA4A" box="[638,766,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1977-07-14">14.vii.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F22770EFA05FC3BFA4A" box="[780,988,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">C.W. Ruttenmeyer</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA1578F2277FFFA05FBF4FA4A" box="[1021,1043,1411,1437]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F22701FFA05FB93FA49" box="[1053,1140,1411,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Chadab</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA1578F22708BFA05FB04FA4A" box="[1161,1251,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F2270F7FA05FCFEFA15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559302" collectingDate="1990-12-24" collectorName="Carpenter &amp; Wenzel" country="Peru" location="80 km NE Iquitos" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="7" stateProvince="Loreto">
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F2270F7FA05FAA6FA4A" box="[1269,1345,1411,1437]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">PERU</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7744ACC8A1578F227149FA05FA7EFA4A" box="[1355,1433,1411,1437]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Loreto</collectingRegion>
,
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F227495FA21FF5CFA16" box="[151,187,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F2274CAFA21FE6BFA16" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F2274CAFA21FE6BFA16" box="[200,396,1447,1473]" country="Peru" name="80 km NE Iquitos" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Loreto">
<quantity id="7278CFCFA1578F2274CAFA21FEEFFA16" box="[200,264,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" unit="km" value="80.0">80km</quantity>
NE Iquitos
</location>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F227595FA21FDF0FA16" box="[407,535,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1990-12-24">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F227595FA21FDF0FA16" box="[407,535,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1990-12-24">24.xii.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F227627FA21FD72FA16" box="[549,661,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Carpenter</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="187507FCA1578F2276BBFA21FCF6FA15" box="[697,785,1447,1474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Wenzel</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="05E86877A1578F227721FA21FAA4FA16" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3034559319" box="[803,1347,1446,1473]" collectingDate="1990-12-25" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Peru" location="Napo" municipality="Rio Sucusari" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Loreto">
<specimenCount id="A386A9A3A1578F227721FA21FCAFFA16" box="[803,840,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="male">6♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="555BF850A1578F227756FA21FC03FA16" box="[852,996,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Rio Sucusari</collectingMunicipality>
at
<location id="B05F34F1A1578F227004FA21FBA2FA16" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3D29D33CA1568F227495F939FC42F9A2:B05F34F1A1578F227004FA21FBA2FA16" box="[1030,1093,1447,1473]" country="Peru" municipality="Rio Sucusari" name="Napo" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" stateProvince="Loreto">Napo</location>
,
<date id="C13E44EAA1578F227053FA20FB36FA16" box="[1105,1233,1446,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1990-12-25">
<collectingDate id="D17ABD02A1578F227053FA20FB36FA16" box="[1105,1233,1446,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" value="1990-12-25">25.xii.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="D391FAEFA1578F2270DDFA21FADCFA16" box="[1247,1339,1447,1473]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">AMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A31A1A1578F2274C5FA4CFBC0FA32" box="[199,1063,1482,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F2274C5FA4CFBC0FA32" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" box="[199,1063,1482,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F2274C5FA4CFEBEFA33" bold="true" box="[199,345,1482,1508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F227565FA4DFE59FA32" box="[359,446,1483,1509]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7744ACC8A1578F2275CBFA4DFDE6FA32" box="[457,513,1483,1509]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Beni</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F22760EFA4DFDB3FA32" box="[524,596,1483,1509]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Brazil</collectingCountry>
; Pará;
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F2276A2FA4DFCF4FA32" box="[672,787,1483,1509]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Colombia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7744ACC8A1578F22771FFA4DFC92FA32" box="[797,885,1483,1509]" country="Colombia" name="Boyaca" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Boyaca</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F227782FA4DFC06FA32" box="[896,993,1483,1509]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="CD9722BAA1578F2277EEFA4DFBC4FA32" box="[1004,1059,1483,1509]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A31A1A1578F2274C5FA69FC42F9A2" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B53F622AA1578F2274C5FA69FC42F9A2" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F2274C5FA69FED3F9DE" bold="true" box="[199,308,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">Remarks</emphasis>
. Since the synonym proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="D1111FDBA1578F2276BCFA69FC1BF9DE" author="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Wenzel, J. W." box="[702,1020,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" pagination="177 - 186" refId="ref9622" refString="Carpenter, J. M. &amp; Wenzel, J. W. (1990 [1989]) Synonymy of the genera Protopolybia and Pseudochartergus (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae). Psyche, 96, 177 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1989 / 82471" type="journal article" year="1990">Carpenter &amp; Wenzel (1990)</bibRefCitation>
and according to article 31.2 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999), in which a species name is a Latin or latinized adjective or participle in the nominative singular, it must agree in gender with the generic name with which it is at any time combined, the specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1578F227625F9DDFD64F9A2" authorityName=": Carpenter &amp; Van der Vecht" authorityYear="1991" box="[551,643,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F227625F9DDFD64F9A2" box="[551,643,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is now treated as
<emphasis id="87F4BE38A1578F22774EF9DDFC42F9A2" box="[844,933,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="547">
<taxonomicName id="728019A9A1578F22774EF9DDFC46F9A2" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[844,929,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="547" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscata">fuscata</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>