treatments-xml/data/03/DE/CB/03DECB44FFA5FFAC0CDCF8AAFCD1F84E.xml

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<mods:title id="9700B86A6D9C0DF90EC468ECF84EDBE4">A new genus Viperinus Park with descriptions of two new species, and two new species of the genus Protolychnis Meyrick, 1925 (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Lecithoceridae) in Kenya and Tanzania, with a checklist of the world species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D5E94AE780D2CC274FEA23572E1B90AF">Park, Kyu-Tek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AAE0E6BC62869BC6D6D58A57B1D5D208">Bioresource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012 Korea &amp; ktpark 02 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9933 - 4497</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BF8D88ECB6AB4093F6C49911679ADD3E">Koo, Jun-Mo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="25EF03E49EC2735A5E9B980A8A565316">Department of Plant Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, CB, 28644 Korea &amp; taran 9539 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2639 - 6456</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B903A640FFA5FFAF0CDCF8AAFE92F89A" bold="true" box="[151,379,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="360">Viperinus orbiosus</emphasis>
Park &amp; Koo
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0CDCFF6DFEB4FF46" bold="true" box="[151,349,150,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Type specimens.</emphasis>
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• 
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, gen. slide no. CIS-7155, in 
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: • 
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; • 
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, 
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<elevation id="005A9D61FFA6FFAC0EBAFEDDFCA7FEB7" box="[753,846,294,321]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" unit="m" value="1700.0">1,700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE431C95FFA6FFAC0F12FED3FC39FEB5" box="[857,976,296,323]" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" precision="15" seconds="27" value="0.29083332">0°17′27″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE431C95FFA6FFAC0F9DFED3FBB3FEB5" box="[982,1114,296,323]" degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" precision="15" seconds="52" value="36.89778">36°53′52″E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFC95C92FFA6FFAC082EFEDDFB38FEB6" box="[1125,1233,294,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" value="2012-11-07">
<collectingDate id="EF8DA57AFFA6FFAC082EFEDDFB38FEB6" box="[1125,1233,294,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" value="2012-11-07">7.xi.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0897FEDDFADEFEB6" box="[1244,1335,294,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Agassiz</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC090AFEDCFA71FEB7" box="[1345,1432,295,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Beavan</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0CDCFEB1FEEDFE92" box="[151,260,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Heckford</collectorName>
, &amp; 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0D66FEB1FE9FFE92" box="[301,374,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Ngugi</collectorName>
, gen. slide no. CIS-7438, wing slide no. CIS-7443, 
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0FF7FEB0FC05FE93" box="[956,1004,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">COI</emphasis>
barcode CBNU259, CBNU214
</materialsCitation>
; • 
<materialsCitation id="3B1F700FFFA6FFAC0939FEB1FD23FE5A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314053311" collectingDate="2010-04-13" collectorName="Agassiz &amp; Kioko &amp; Mugambi &amp; Ngugi" elevation="1700" latitude="0.29083332" location="Mpala Res. Centre" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="36.89778" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Laikipia" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D71B1DBFFA6FFAC0939FEB1FA7EFE92" box="[1394,1431,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49B3B4B0FFA6FFAC0CDCFE95FF1EFE7E" box="[151,247,366,392]" country="Kenya" name="Laikipia" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Laikipia</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EA82C89FFA6FFAC0D4AFE95FE3AFE7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DECB44FFA5FFAC0CDCF8AAFCD1F84E:8EA82C89FFA6FFAC0D4AFE95FE3AFE7E" box="[257,467,366,393]" latitude="0.29083332" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="36.89778" name="Mpala Res. Centre" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" stateProvince="Laikipia">Mpala Res. Centre</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE431C95FFA6FFAC0D97FE8BFDBDFE7D" box="[476,596,368,395]" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" precision="15" seconds="27" value="0.29083332">0°17′27″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE431C95FFA6FFAC0E12FE8BFD37FE7D" box="[601,734,368,395]" degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" precision="15" seconds="52" value="36.89778">36°53′52″E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4C8FD7B7FFA6FFAC0EA3FE95FCACFE7F" box="[744,837,366,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation id="005A9D61FFA6FFAC0EA3FE95FCACFE7F" box="[744,837,366,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" unit="m" value="1700.0">1,700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFC95C92FFA6FFAC0F04FE95FC23FE7E" box="[847,970,366,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" value="2010-04-13">
<collectingDate id="EF8DA57AFFA6FFAC0F04FE95FC23FE7E" box="[847,970,366,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" value="2010-04-13">13.iv.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0F9FFE95FBC6FE7E" box="[980,1071,366,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Agassiz</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0872FE95FB6BFE7E" box="[1081,1154,366,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Kioko</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC08C7FE95FB10FE7E" box="[1164,1273,366,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Mugambi</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0951FE95FA8AFE7E" box="[1306,1379,366,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Ngugi</collectorName>
, gen. slide no. CIS-7439 (
<specimenCount id="9D71B1DBFFA6FFAC0DC9FE69FE7CFE5A" box="[386,405,402,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
), wing slide no. CIS-7477
</materialsCitation>
; • 
<materialsCitation id="3B1F700FFFA6FFAC0EA2FE69FB95FE27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3314053320" collectingDate="2012-11-09" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Agassiz &amp; Beavan &amp; Heckford &amp; Ngugi. All" elevation="1700" latitude="0.29083332" location="Mpala" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="36.89778" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Laikipia" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D71B1DBFFA6FFAC0EA2FE69FCE4FE5A" box="[745,781,402,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49B3B4B0FFA6FFAC0F57FE69FC95FE5A" box="[796,892,402,428]" country="Kenya" name="Laikipia" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Laikipia</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EA82C89FFA6FFAC0FC2FE69FC38FE5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DECB44FFA5FFAC0CDCF8AAFCD1F84E:8EA82C89FFA6FFAC0FC2FE69FC38FE5A" box="[905,977,402,428]" latitude="0.29083332" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="36.89778" name="Mpala" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" stateProvince="Laikipia">Mpala</location>
R. C., 
<quantity id="4C8FD7B7FFA6FFAC086EFE69FB6CFE5B" box="[1061,1157,402,429]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation id="005A9D61FFA6FFAC086EFE69FB6CFE5B" box="[1061,1157,402,429]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" unit="m" value="1700.0">1,700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE431C95FFA6FFAC08D8FE6FFAE3FE59" box="[1171,1290,404,431]" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" precision="15" seconds="27" value="0.29083332">0°17′27″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE431C95FFA6FFAC0958FE6FFA7EFE59" box="[1299,1431,404,431]" degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" precision="15" seconds="52" value="36.89778">36°53′52″E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFC95C92FFA6FFAC0CDCFE4DFEEAFE26" box="[151,259,438,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" value="2012-11-09">
<collectingDate id="EF8DA57AFFA6FFAC0CDCFE4DFEEAFE26" box="[151,259,438,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" value="2012-11-09">9.xi.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0D44FE4DFE83FE26" box="[271,362,438,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Agassiz</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0D3DFE4CFE24FE27" box="[374,461,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Beavan</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0D93FE4DFDABFE26" box="[472,578,438,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Heckford</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26821F84FFA6FFAC0E2EFE4DFD34FE26" box="[613,733,438,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Ngugi. All</collectorName>
<typeStatus id="54CCC4F0FFA6FFAC0EAFFE4CFCA6FE27" box="[740,847,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are deposited in 
<collectionCode id="ED66E297FFA6FFAC0845FE4CFB95FE27" box="[1038,1148,439,465]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D29D9FFA6FFAC0C8CFE21FE20FD3B" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CFE21FE20FD3B" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CFE21FEABFE02" bold="true" box="[199,322,474,500]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is superficially very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C7701D1FFA6FFAC0F7FFE21FBF7FE02" box="[820,1054,474,500]" class="Insecta" family="Lecithoceridae" genus="Protolychnis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0F7FFE21FC2BFE02" box="[820,962,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Protolychnis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, but the male genitalia of the new species distinctly differ by having a pair of uniquely specialized, upwardly curved processes arising from base of each valva (
<figureCitation id="134C66D7FFA6FFAC0D6BFDD9FE76FDCB" box="[288,415,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1370,206,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[179,1408,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Viperinus orbiosus Park &amp; Koo, sp. nov.: A, adult, holotype; B, venation, paratype, slide no. CIS-7477; C, ditto, labial palpus; D, male genitalia, holotype, slide no. CIS-7155; E, ditto, aedeagus; F, close-up uncus+juxta, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438; G, female genitalia, paratype, slide no. CIS-7439, with a close-up of signum; H, abdomen, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956108/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Figs 1D, F</figureCitation>
). A polygonal signal plate in the female genitalia can also be a diagnostic character when compared to 
<taxonomicName id="4C7701D1FFA6FFAC0D62FDBDFDE7FD96" box="[297,526,582,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lecithoceridae" genus="Protolychnis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0D62FDBDFE5EFD96" box="[297,439,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Protolychnis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
having a crescent signal plate (
<figureCitation id="134C66D7FFA6FFAC0F27FDBDFC2CFD96" box="[876,965,582,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1370,206,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[179,1408,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Viperinus orbiosus Park &amp; Koo, sp. nov.: A, adult, holotype; B, venation, paratype, slide no. CIS-7477; C, ditto, labial palpus; D, male genitalia, holotype, slide no. CIS-7155; E, ditto, aedeagus; F, close-up uncus+juxta, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438; G, female genitalia, paratype, slide no. CIS-7439, with a close-up of signum; H, abdomen, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956108/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
). It can also be separated from the following new species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C7701D1FFA6FFAC0D11FD90FDABFD72" authorityName="Park &amp; Koo" authorityYear="2021" box="[346,578,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Lecithoceridae" genus="Viperinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyknoistus">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0D11FD90FDABFD72" box="[346,578,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Viperinus pyknoistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the shape of cucullus and processes at base of the valva: 1) the cucullus is broader than that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C7701D1FFA6FFAC0DDFFD74FDCCFD5E" authorityName="Park &amp; Koo" authorityYear="2021" box="[404,549,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Lecithoceridae" genus="Viperinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyknoistus">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0DDFFD74FDCCFD5E" box="[404,549,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">V. pyknoistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 2) the process has a snake head-shaped distal part, whereas in 
<taxonomicName id="4C7701D1FFA6FFAC08A6FD74FA97FD5E" authorityName="Park &amp; Koo" authorityYear="2021" box="[1261,1406,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Lecithoceridae" genus="Viperinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyknoistus">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC08A6FD74FA97FD5E" box="[1261,1406,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">V. pyknoistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it has a broadened distal part.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D29D9FFA6FFAC0C8CFD2DFDB5F8BA" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CFD2DFC36FD07" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" box="[199,991,726,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CFD2DFEB8FD06" bold="true" box="[199,337,726,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Description</emphasis>
. Male and female (
<figureCitation id="134C66D7FFA6FFAC0E60FD2DFD43FD06" box="[555,682,726,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1370,206,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[179,1408,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Viperinus orbiosus Park &amp; Koo, sp. nov.: A, adult, holotype; B, venation, paratype, slide no. CIS-7477; C, ditto, labial palpus; D, male genitalia, holotype, slide no. CIS-7155; E, ditto, aedeagus; F, close-up uncus+juxta, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438; G, female genitalia, paratype, slide no. CIS-7439, with a close-up of signum; H, abdomen, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956108/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Figs 1A–C</figureCitation>
). Wingspan 
<quantity id="4C8FD7B7FFA6FFAC0F7FFD2DFC33FD07" box="[820,986,726,753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="18.5" valueMin="17.5">17.5–18.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CFD01FF3DFC53" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CFD01FEEDFCE2" box="[199,260,762,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Head</emphasis>
: Vertex dark brown with orange-white erect scales laterally.Antenna orange white, about 0.7 times shorter than the forewing length. Labial palpus strongly upturned; 2 
<superScript id="7C02D71AFFA6FFAC0F74FCE5FCA6FCDA" attach="left" box="[831,847,798,812]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">nd</superScript>
segment thickened, covered with dark brown scales in basal 2/3, then gradually turning orange white toward apex on outer surface; 3 
<superScript id="7C02D71AFFA6FFAC0872FCB9FBAEFCA6" attach="left" box="[1081,1095,834,848]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">rd</superScript>
segment slender with sharply pointed apex, nearly same length as 2 
<superScript id="7C02D71AFFA6FFAC0E03FC9DFDB1FC82" attach="left" box="[584,600,870,884]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">nd</superScript>
segment, orange white in 2/3, then gradually turning dark brown toward apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CFC55FDC1FAFA" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CFC55FEF1FC3E" box="[199,280,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Thorax</emphasis>
: Thorax and tegula dark brown. Forewing slightly broadened distally; ground color dark fuscous uniformly, with a distinct orange-white spot surrounded by blackish scales at apical end of discal cell; blackish elliptical spots well-developed at basal 2/5 across the wing medially, instead of antemedian fascia; costa slightly arched beyond 3/4; apex obtuse; fringe concolorous with ground color; venation (
<figureCitation id="134C66D7FFA6FFAC0FBFFBE1FBA2FBC2" box="[1012,1099,1050,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1370,206,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[179,1408,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Viperinus orbiosus Park &amp; Koo, sp. nov.: A, adult, holotype; B, venation, paratype, slide no. CIS-7477; C, ditto, labial palpus; D, male genitalia, holotype, slide no. CIS-7155; E, ditto, aedeagus; F, close-up uncus+juxta, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438; G, female genitalia, paratype, slide no. CIS-7439, with a close-up of signum; H, abdomen, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956108/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) with R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC08E6FBD6FB5CFBCD" attach="left" box="[1197,1205,1069,1083]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">1</subScript>
arising from before middle of discal cell; distance between origins of R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0E98FBAAFD32FBA9" attach="left" box="[723,731,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">1</subScript>
and R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0F68FBAAFCC2FBA9" attach="left" box="[803,811,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">2</subScript>
about 1.6 times longer than that of R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0882FBAAFB38FBA9" attach="left" box="[1225,1233,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">2</subScript>
and R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0952FBAAFAC8FBA9" attach="left" box="[1305,1313,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">3</subScript>
; R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0909FBAAFAA3FBA9" attach="left" box="[1346,1354,1105,1119]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">3</subScript>
shortly stalked with R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0D70FB8FFEBCFB74" attach="left" box="[315,341,1140,1154]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">4+5</subScript>
; R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0D3CFB8EFE96FB75" attach="left" box="[375,383,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">4</subScript>
and R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0D80FB8FFE3AFB74" attach="left" box="[459,467,1140,1154]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">5</subScript>
stalked beyond 1/2, R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0E98FB8FFD32FB74" attach="left" box="[723,731,1140,1154]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">5</subScript>
reaching near apex; M 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0FA9FB8EFC03FB75" attach="left" box="[994,1002,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">1</subScript>
remote from R 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC08DDFB8EFB59FB75" attach="left" box="[1174,1200,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">3+4</subScript>
at base; M 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0964FB8EFADEFB75" attach="left" box="[1327,1335,1141,1155]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">2</subScript>
well-developed, nearly parallel to M 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0D96FB62FE0CFB51" attach="left" box="[477,485,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">1</subScript>
; M 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0E46FB62FDFCFB51" attach="left" box="[525,533,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">3</subScript>
arising from near lower corner of discal cell; CuA 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0804FB62FBBEFB51" attach="left" box="[1103,1111,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">1</subScript>
and CuA 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0888FB62FB22FB51" attach="left" box="[1219,1227,1177,1191]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">2</subScript>
shortly stalked for about basal 1/7; 1A+2A narrowly forked at base; cell closed. Hindwing broader than forewing, brownish gray; termen slightly concave medially; venation with M 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0EE4FB1AFD5EFB19" attach="left" box="[687,695,1249,1263]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">2</subScript>
absent; M 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0F60FB1AFCDAFB19" attach="left" box="[811,819,1249,1263]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">3</subScript>
and CuA 
<subScript id="17F37817FFA6FFAC0FD7FB1AFC4DFB19" attach="left" box="[924,932,1249,1263]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">1</subScript>
stalked for basal 1/5; CuP weakly developed, arising from near base of hindwing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CFAEDFF23FAA2" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CFAEDFED8FAC6" box="[199,305,1302,1328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Dark brown, spinous zones forming a row along posterior margin of each segment dorsally (
<figureCitation id="134C66D7FFA6FFAC0924FAEDFF55FAA2" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1370,206,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[179,1408,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Viperinus orbiosus Park &amp; Koo, sp. nov.: A, adult, holotype; B, venation, paratype, slide no. CIS-7477; C, ditto, labial palpus; D, male genitalia, holotype, slide no. CIS-7155; E, ditto, aedeagus; F, close-up uncus+juxta, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438; G, female genitalia, paratype, slide no. CIS-7439, with a close-up of signum; H, abdomen, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956108/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CFAA5FC3EF982" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CFAA5FE84FA8E" box="[199,365,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134C66D7FFA6FFAC0D37FAA5FE10FA8E" box="[380,505,1374,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1370,206,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[179,1408,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Viperinus orbiosus Park &amp; Koo, sp. nov.: A, adult, holotype; B, venation, paratype, slide no. CIS-7477; C, ditto, labial palpus; D, male genitalia, holotype, slide no. CIS-7155; E, ditto, aedeagus; F, close-up uncus+juxta, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438; G, female genitalia, paratype, slide no. CIS-7439, with a close-up of signum; H, abdomen, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956108/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Figs 1D–F</figureCitation>
). Uncus broad at base, gradually narrowed distally, slightly bent beyond 3/4; apex more or less pointed. Basal plate of gnathos produced distally; median process small, narrow, gently curved downwardly beyond 2/3. Tegumen concave into inverted wide V-shaped, with heavily sclerotized anterior margin. Valva with short basal part; slightly convex dorsally near base of costa; cucullus long, with nearly straight costal margin and arched ventral margin, strongly upturned, apex narrowly produced; a pair of large, uniquely specialized, arched processes arising one from each base of valva, snake head-shaped distal part, with dense setae. Juxta poorly developed. Aedeagus rather small, shorter than valva, narrow, slightly arched in basal 2/5, slightly broadened beyond, with a large, semi-ovate lobe medially on ventral margin; cornutus absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CF985FDB5F8BA" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CF985FE60F96E" box="[199,393,1662,1688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134C66D7FFA6FFAC0DD0F985FE1EF96E" box="[411,503,1662,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,249,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[201,1370,206,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[179,1408,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Viperinus orbiosus Park &amp; Koo, sp. nov.: A, adult, holotype; B, venation, paratype, slide no. CIS-7477; C, ditto, labial palpus; D, male genitalia, holotype, slide no. CIS-7155; E, ditto, aedeagus; F, close-up uncus+juxta, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438; G, female genitalia, paratype, slide no. CIS-7439, with a close-up of signum; H, abdomen, paratype, slide no. CIS-7438." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4956108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4956108/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
). Eighth sternite slightly emarginated medially on posterior margin, emarginated medially in wide V-shaped on anterior margin. Apophyses posteriores about 2 times longer than apophyses anteriores. Antrum long, nearly same length as ductus bursae, narrower than ductus bursae, heavily sclerotized, gradually broadened slightly toward posterior end. Ductus bursae wider than antrum, membranous; ductus seminalis arising from near posterior end. Corpus bursae elliptical, about 3 times longer than ductus bursae; signal plate polygonal, positioned in basal 1/3 of corpus bursae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D29D9FFA6FFAC0C8CF8ADFE51F887" box="[199,440,1878,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CF8ADFE51F887" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" box="[199,440,1878,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CF8ADFE88F886" bold="true" box="[199,353,1878,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3603AC2FFA6FFAC0D2CF8ACFE5DF887" box="[359,436,1879,1905]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Kenya</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D29D9FFA6FFAC0C8CF881FCD1F84E" pageId="2" pageNumber="361" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC87A52FFA6FFAC0C8CF881FCD1F84E" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0C8CF881FEA7F862" bold="true" box="[199,334,1914,1940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is derived from the Latin, 
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0F0CF881FC68F862" box="[839,897,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">orbis</emphasis>
(= circle) with a Latin suffix, - 
<emphasis id="B903A640FFA6FFAC0895F880FAF9F862" box="[1246,1296,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="361">osus</emphasis>
, referring to the arched process at the base of valva in the male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>