342 lines
35 KiB
XML
342 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1007/s12225-022-10019-2" approvedBy="tatia" checkinTime="1675342471759" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Cheek, Martin, Molmou, Denise, Magassouba, Sekou & Ghogue, Jean-Paul" docDate="2022" docId="03BF87BBFF83FFC1FF6A67C4F4CAFB87" docLanguage="en" docName="KewBull.77.403–433.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Kew Bulletin 77 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12225-022-10019-2" docTitle="Saxicolella angola Cheek" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="417" masterDocId="FF86FFC3FF8FFFCFFFD46557F505FFF4" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Saxicolella (Podostemaceae), African waterfall plants highly threatened by Hydro-Electric projects" masterLastPageNumber="433" masterPageNumber="403" pageNumber="415" updateTime="1675342474921" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of Saxicolella (Podostemaceae), African waterfall plants highly threatened by Hydro-Electric projects</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cheek, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AE, UK.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">m.cheek@kew.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Molmou, Denise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Herbier National de Guineé, Université de Gamal Abdel Nasser, BP 680, Conakry, République de Guinée.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Magassouba, Sekou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Herbier National de Guineé, Université de Gamal Abdel Nasser, BP 680, Conakry, République de Guinée.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ghogue, Jean-Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Green Connexion, PO Box 1289, Yaoundé, Cameroon & IRAD-National Herbarium of Cameroon Yaoundé, PO Box 1601, Yaoundé, Cameroon.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Kew Bulletin</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-05-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>77</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>403</mods:start>
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<mods:end>433</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12225-022-10019-2</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1007/s12225-022-10019-2</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BBFF83FFC1FF6A67C4F4CAFB87" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF87BBFF83FFC1FF6A67C4F4CAFB87" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="417" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">
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<subSubSection box="[190,614,659,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[189,783,659,742]" box="[190,614,659,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[190,210,659,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Cheek" authorityName="Cheek" box="[226,503,659,681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Saxicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angola">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[226,431,659,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Saxicolella angola</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[447,503,659,680]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Cheek</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[519,614,659,680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="415" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[189,783,659,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">
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Type:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1920-06-21" collectionCode="K" collectorName="Gossweiler" elevation="1000" location="Cuanza Sul" municipality="Ancola" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" specimenCode="K000325202" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingMunicipality box="[702,779,659,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Angola</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BBFF83FFC1FF6A67C4F4CAFB87:8EC96076FF83FFC3FF6967E5F430FD3C" box="[189,309,690,712]" municipality="Ancola" name="Cuanza Sul" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Cuanza Sul</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BBFF83FFC1FF6A67C4F4CAFB87:8EC96076FF83FFC3FEEB67E5F4DEFD3C" box="[319,475,690,712]" municipality="Ancola" name="Ganco-Cuanza" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Gango-Cuanza</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF87BBFF83FFC1FF6A67C4F4CAFB87:8EC96076FF83FFC3FE3267E5F754FD3C" box="[486,593,690,712]" municipality="Ancola" name="Mussende" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Mussende</location>
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,
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<quantity box="[603,681,690,711]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" unit="m" value="1000.0">
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<elevation box="[603,681,690,711]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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alt., fl. fr.
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<date box="[189,326,720,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" value="1920-06-21">
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<collectingDate box="[189,326,720,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" value="1920-06-21">21 June 1920</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis box="[335,429,720,741]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">
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<collectorName box="[335,429,720,741]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Gossweiler</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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9328 (
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<typeStatus box="[497,592,720,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode box="[598,615,721,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">K</collectionCode>
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[
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<specimenCode box="[626,767,719,742]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">K000325202</specimenCode>
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]).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[189,776,781,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[189,776,781,803]" box="[189,776,781,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">http://www.ipni.org/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77297283-1</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[189,783,842,926]" lastBlockId="13.[151,745,201,559]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="416" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis box="[190,427,842,863]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Annual (probably) herb</emphasis>
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, 1.2 – 1.9 cm tall.
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<emphasis box="[652,696,843,864]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Root</emphasis>
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incompletely seen, probably crustose. Portion at base of stem (Fig. 2A) shield-like c. 1.1 mm diam., irregularly convex.
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<emphasis box="[955,1016,201,222]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Stems</emphasis>
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unbranched, erect, stout, selfsupporting 9 – 15 mm long, terete, c. 0.5 mm wide at base, increasing to c. 1 mm diam. at apex. Proximal 1.8 – 5.5 mm lacking leaf-scars, distal portion with 5 – 7 leaf scars, internodes 0.5 mm long (proximal-most internodes) to 2 mm long (more distal internodes). Scars ± amplexicaul, distal nodes with leaf bases persistent, sheathing (Fig. 2B); stem apex with a head of flowers surrounded by clusters of heteromorphic leaves, phyllotaxy spiral.
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<emphasis box="[1179,1252,477,498]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Leaves</emphasis>
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of outermost (proximal) part of apical cluster ligulate, 2.5 – 2 × 0.25 – 0.2 mm, or spatulate, that is with the distal end broader, elliptic, 0.8 × 0.3 mm, apex rounded or obtuse, base slightly sheathing, stipules absent (Fig. 2C); innermost, more distal leaves of apical cluster broadly ovate, or ovate in outline 0.6 – 1 (– 1.5) × 1 – 1.5 mm, apex entire or slightly or deeply bifid, lobes equal or unequal, base broad, with or without marginal stipules. Stipules sometimes exceeding blades, subulate 0.5 × 0.2 mm.
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<emphasis box="[1201,1299,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Spathellae</emphasis>
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in terminal cluster of (2 –) 5 – 8, pre-dehiscence narrowly ellipsoid c. 2.5 × 0.8 mm, dehiscing into (2 –) 2 – 5 subequal lobes, overall c. 2.5 × 1.5 mm.
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<emphasis box="[1184,1246,873,894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Flower</emphasis>
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partly concealed in spathellum at anthesis (Fig. 2D). Pedicel 0 – 0.5 mm long, concealed in spathellum.
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<emphasis box="[495,559,201,222]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Tepals</emphasis>
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not seen.
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<emphasis box="[673,745,201,222]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Stamen</emphasis>
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exceeding gynoecium, filament 2 – 2.05 mm long, anthers c. 0.3 × 0.2 mm. Pollen not seen. Gynophore 0.1 – 0.2 mm long.
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<emphasis box="[366,426,293,314]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Ovary</emphasis>
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ellipsoid 1.5 – 1.8 × 0.6 mm, in transverse section suborbicular, unilocular; longitudinal ribs 6, ribs well-defined, 0.06 – 0.07 mm wide, commissural ribs absent.
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<emphasis box="[447,523,384,405]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Stigmas</emphasis>
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2, united at base, erect, cylindric, 0.3 – 0.35 × 0.1 mm, apex acute. Fruit about same size as ovary, mainly contained in spathellum (Fig. 2E) dehiscing by 2 equal valves, placenta spindle-shaped, 0.1 – 0.15 mm diam. Seeds ellipsoid c. 0.25 × 0.12 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="415" startId="12.[189,223,1832,1853]" targetBox="[193,1436,973,1814]" targetPageId="12">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[189,1437,1832,1933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,252,1832,1853]" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName box="[260,430,1832,1853]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Saxicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="415" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angola">
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<emphasis box="[260,430,1832,1853]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Saxicolella angola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A fruiting plant; B, C apices of two stems showing terminal clusters of leaves, spathellae and fruits; D flower, post-anthetic (anther empty); E two spathellae, one with dehisced fruit showing spindle-like placenta and a single seed attached; F transverse section of fruit (slightly distorted by compression). All from
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<emphasis box="[981,1084,1886,1906]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="415">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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9428 (holotype K). DRAWN BY ANDREW BROWN.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="13.[151,745,598,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[153,292,600,620]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">RECOGNITION</emphasis>
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. Differs from other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[642,744,598,619]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sapicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[642,744,598,619]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Sapicolella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with elongated stems (
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<taxonomicName box="[405,472,629,650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sapicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ijim">
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<emphasis box="[405,472,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">S. ijim</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[532,652,629,650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Saxicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flabellata">
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<emphasis box="[532,652,629,650]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">S. flabellata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) in that the stems are unbranched (not highly branched), stigmas shortly cylindrical (not filiform, nor complanate); spathellae narrowly ellipsoid (not obovoid nor globose); leaves a mixture of simple-ligulate and ± isodiametric entire or bifid (not, only deeply quadrid, nor only simple-ligulate).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="416" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[151,745,598,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[153,293,844,864]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
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. Angola, Cuanza Norte and Cuanza Sul Provinces (Cuanza River and its affluents).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="416" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[151,745,598,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[153,482,904,925]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">SPECIMENS EXAMINED. ANGOLA</emphasis>
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, Cuanza Norte, Loanda Moaba, Duque da Bragança (now Kalandula Falls), Lucuala R., 1000 m alt., “on rocks of river Loando near the waterfall”. fr. 29 Aug. 1922,
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<emphasis box="[583,682,995,1016]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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8858 (K000592225); Cuanza Sul, Cuene or Cuno, bridge on river, “submersiherbosa, Limno Nereida” 650 m alt., 12 July 1927,
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<emphasis box="[306,405,1087,1108]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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11252 (COI [COI00071835]); Cuanza Norte, Cuanza R., Punta Filomeno da Camera, 100 m, submerged rocks, scarlet red plants, st. 7 March 1928,
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<emphasis box="[296,395,1179,1200]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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12027 COI [COI00071833].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="416" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="13.[151,745,598,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[153,241,1211,1231]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">HABITAT</emphasis>
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. Waterfalls and rapids exposed to full sun, with gallery forest, 1000 – 1300 m alt. Occurring at the type locality near Mussende, with other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[151,323,1301,1323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Podostemaceae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName authority="H. E. Hess" authorityName="H. E. Hess" box="[341,688,1301,1322]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Inversodicraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="digitata">
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<emphasis box="[341,573,1301,1322]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Inversodicraea digitata</emphasis>
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H.E.Hess
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[151,337,1331,1352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Tristicha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trifaria">
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<emphasis box="[151,337,1331,1352]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Tristicha trifaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis box="[366,472,1331,1352]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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9291, BM, n.v., COI [COI00022957], ZT n.v.). At the Kalandula Falls, Cuanza Norte, occurring with
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<taxonomicName authority="(Encl.) C. Cusset" authorityName="C. Cusset" baseAuthorityName="Encl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Ledermanniella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aloides">
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<emphasis box="[512,745,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Ledermanniella aloides</emphasis>
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(Engl.) C.Cusset
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis box="[361,460,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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8858A),
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<taxonomicName box="[573,744,1423,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Tristicha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trifaria">
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<emphasis box="[573,744,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Tristicha trifaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis box="[162,261,1454,1475]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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8858B) and
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<taxonomicName authority="H. E. Hess" authorityName="H. E. Hess" box="[408,745,1454,1475]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Inversodicraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluitans">
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<emphasis box="[408,636,1454,1475]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Inversodicraea fluitans</emphasis>
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H.E.Hess
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis box="[162,261,1484,1505]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
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8855, 8856, 8857) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Cheek, M. & Ameka, G. & Cable, S. & Fischer, E. & Haba, P. & Lebbie, A. & Luke, Q. & Macassouba, S. & Ncolan, R. & Williams, S. & Challen, G. & Lebbie, A. & B anks, H. & B arberx, P. & Riina, R. & Etuce M. & Williams S. A. & Feika, A. & Lebbie, A. & Goyder, D. & Tchiencue, B. & Sene, O. & Tchouto, P. & van der B urct, X." box="[474,733,1484,1506]" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="125 - 156" part="62" refId="ref24603" refString="____, Feika, A., Lebbie, A., Goyder, D., Tchiencue, B., Sene, O., Tchouto, P. & van der B urct, X. (2017 b). A synoptic revision of Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae). Blumea 62: 125 - 156. https: // doi. orc / 10.2767 / blumea. 2017.62.02.07" title="A synoptic revision of Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae)" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Cheek
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||
<emphasis box="[556,605,1484,1506]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017b: 129
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). At Punta Filomeno da Camera, occurring with an unidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[297,466,1545,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Podostemaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected later that year (25 June 1927) “in swift currents of water” (
|
||
<emphasis box="[646,745,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
|
||
10697 COI [COI00022111]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="416" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,745,598,1934]" lastBlockId="13.[805,1399,201,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[153,398,1638,1658]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">CONSERVATION STATUS</emphasis>
|
||
. Known from four collections, each at a different location of the Cuanza or an affluent. The collection site of “Punta Filomeno da Camera” has not been found but its altitude of 100 m on the Cuanza corresponds with the hydroelectric dam at Cambambe and so it is likely that the species has been lost at this location. However, the identification of the specimen is not completely certain since it was sterile and only viewed online. The site at “Cuene or Cuno, bridge on river”, since it is at 650 m alt. on the Cuanza, corresponds with the newly constructed Lauca Hydroelectric project, Angola’ s largest. Here again the species is unlikely to survive due to the loss of its habitat and hydrological change. This leaves two locations upstream where the species is likely to survive. These two locations are c. 200 km apart.
|
||
<emphasis box="[805,904,384,405]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
|
||
9328 (type specimen) near Mussende was recorded 21 June 1920 (presumably an error by Gossweiler for 1 July). The exact site was not given, but is most likely to be the ford across the Gango River 16.5 km from Mussende on the road to Quibala (10°26ˈ07.7" S, 15°52ˈ39. 53"E observed on Google Earth), since this set of rapids is closest to Mussende (the town and river mentioned on the label) and is most readily accessible from that town. That vehicles are likely to drive over the plants at the type locality is highly possible, and this would constitute a threat. The second locality, the Kalandula Falls (also known as the Calandula falls and formerly Duque de Bragança falls) on the Lucuala (or Licuala) River (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1200,1296,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Gossweiler</emphasis>
|
||
8858, 29 Aug. 1922), is now a major tourist attraction, probably because it is one of the major falls by volume in Africa and is only 260 km by road from the capital, Luanda. It is evident from the numerous posts of photographs by tourists on the internet (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Kalandula_Falls accessed 20 May 2021) that trampling by visitors occurs, which can destroy plants of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[805,975,1026,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Podostemaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as at the Lobe Falls in Cameroon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cheek, M. & Ameka, G. & Cable, S. & Fischer, E. & Haba, P. & Lebbie, A. & Luke, Q. & Macassouba, S. & Ncolan, R. & Williams, S. & Challen, G. & Lebbie, A. & B anks, H. & B arberx, P. & Riina, R. & Etuce M. & Williams S. A. & Feika, A. & Lebbie, A. & Goyder, D. & Tchiencue, B. & Sene, O. & Tchouto, P. & van der B urct, X." box="[812,1016,1056,1078]" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="125 - 156" part="62" refId="ref24603" refString="____, Feika, A., Lebbie, A., Goyder, D., Tchiencue, B., Sene, O., Tchouto, P. & van der B urct, X. (2017 b). A synoptic revision of Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae). Blumea 62: 125 - 156. https: // doi. orc / 10.2767 / blumea. 2017.62.02.07" title="A synoptic revision of Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae)" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Cheek
|
||
<emphasis box="[894,943,1056,1078]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Both locations, are here ascribed an area of occupancy of 3 km
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1139,1149,1081,1095]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">2</superScript>
|
||
as preferred by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Second edition. IUCN, Gland and Cambridce" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" refId="ref27573" refString="IUCN (2012). IU C N Red List C ategories and C riteria: Version 2.1. Second edition. IUCN, Gland and Cambridce." title="IU C N Red List C ategories and C riteria: Version 2.1" type="book" year="2012">IUCN (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1015,1190,1117,1138]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sapicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1015,1190,1117,1138]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Sapicolella angola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here assessed as Endangered EN B2ab(iii) using the categories and criteria of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" box="[924,1070,1179,1200]" journalOrPublisher="Second edition. IUCN, Gland and Cambridce" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" refId="ref27573" refString="IUCN (2012). IU C N Red List C ategories and C riteria: Version 2.1. Second edition. IUCN, Gland and Cambridce." title="IU C N Red List C ategories and C riteria: Version 2.1" type="book" year="2012">IUCN (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Despite this assessment, and the fact that this species has not been recorded in the wild for 78 years, and despite the fact that
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hess, H." box="[1248,1376,1240,1262]" journalOrPublisher="Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges." pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="260 - 282" part="62" refId="ref27285" refString="Hess, H. (1952). Uber die Familien der Podostemaonaceae und Hydrostachyaceae in Ancola. Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 62: 260 - 282." title="Uber die Familien der Podostemaonaceae und Hydrostachyaceae in Ancola" type="journal article" year="1952">Hess (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, a
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[805,970,1270,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Podostemaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
specialist who visited the Kalandula Falls in 1950 did not find the species there, we doubt that this species is extinct, although it is probably not common. This is because at both known locations, further apparently suitable habitat can be seen on Google Earth immediately upstream and/or downstream. However, there is no guarantee that the species occurs at these sites because it is rare and infrequent (only 2 of the 25 Angolan
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[901,1066,1515,1537]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Podostemaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
held at COI are this taxon, and one of these is only doubtfully identified). Finally, there is no cause for complacency about the security of this species since the surviving two sites are both at risk of future new hydroelectric projects in which there is currently an upsurge in Africa and which are inimicable to the survival of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Cheek et al. 2017 b)" baseAuthorityName="Cheek" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[988,1374,1698,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
|
||
Podostemaceae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cheek, M. & Ameka, G. & Cable, S. & Fischer, E. & Haba, P. & Lebbie, A. & Luke, Q. & Macassouba, S. & Ncolan, R. & Williams, S. & Challen, G. & Lebbie, A. & B anks, H. & B arberx, P. & Riina, R. & Etuce M. & Williams S. A. & Feika, A. & Lebbie, A. & Goyder, D. & Tchiencue, B. & Sene, O. & Tchouto, P. & van der B urct, X." box="[1167,1364,1698,1720]" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="125 - 156" part="62" refId="ref24603" refString="____, Feika, A., Lebbie, A., Goyder, D., Tchiencue, B., Sene, O., Tchouto, P. & van der B urct, X. (2017 b). A synoptic revision of Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae). Blumea 62: 125 - 156. https: // doi. orc / 10.2767 / blumea. 2017.62.02.07" title="A synoptic revision of Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae)" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Cheek
|
||
<emphasis box="[1246,1294,1698,1720]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[805,1399,201,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">
|
||
Angola is currently going through a surge of development posing risks to its species-diverse Flora. Additional range-restricted newly described species endemic to Angola are
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="I. Darbysh. & Goyder" authorityName="I. Darbysh. & Goyder" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Justicia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cubangensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1077,1277,1820,1842]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Justicia cubangensis</emphasis>
|
||
I.Darbysh. & Goyder
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Darbyshire, I. & Goyder, D. J." box="[960,1323,1851,1873]" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="97 - 107" part="63" refId="ref26575" refString="Darbyshire, I. & Goyder, D. J. (2019). Notes on Justicia sect. Monechma (Acanthaceae) in Ancola, includinc two new species. Blumea 63: 97 - 107." title="Notes on Justicia sect. Monechma (Acanthaceae) in Ancola, includinc two new species" type="journal article" year="2019">Darbyshire & Goyder 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="D. J. N. Hind" authorityName="D. J. N. Hind" box="[805,1273,1881,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Stomatanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="416" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tundavalaensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[805,1125,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="416">Stomatanthes tundavalaensis</emphasis>
|
||
D.J.N.Hind
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hind, D. J. N. & Goyder, D. J." journalOrPublisher="Kew Bull." pageId="13" pageNumber="416" pagination="1 - 9" part="69" refId="ref27317" refString="Hind, D. J. N. & Goyder, D. J. (2013). Stomatanthes tundavalaensis (Compositae: Eupatorieae: Eupatoriinae), a new species from Huila Province, Ancola, and a synopsis of the African species of Stomatanthes. Kew Bull. 69 (9535): 1 - 9." title="Stomatanthes tundavalaensis (Compositae: Eupatorieae: Eupatoriinae), a new species from Huila Province, Ancola, and a synopsis of the African species of Stomatanthes" type="journal article" year="2013">Hind & Goyder 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="417" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[189,783,201,1139]" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[190,316,202,222]" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">PHENOLOGY</emphasis>
|
||
. Only collected in flower (end June) and fruit (August) at the end of the dry season, the wet season being September to April
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="417" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[189,783,201,1139]" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[190,320,294,314]" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">ETYMOLOGY</emphasis>
|
||
. Named for the country of Angola as a noun in apposition. This species is both unique to Angola and the only species of the genus currently known to occur in the country.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="417" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[189,783,201,1139]" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[190,257,416,436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">NOTES</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[271,443,415,436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sapicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[271,443,415,436]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">Sapicolella angola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first recognised as a distinct species, but informally, and not published, by C. Cusset in 1975. This is evident from her annotations of all four specimens of the species cited in this paper. She had annotated two specimens of what appears to be this taxon (
|
||
<emphasis box="[273,370,567,588]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">Gossweiler</emphasis>
|
||
11252 and
|
||
<emphasis box="[513,610,567,588]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">Gossweiler</emphasis>
|
||
12027 at COI, viewed online May 2021) as “
|
||
<emphasis box="[527,773,598,619]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[562,773,598,619]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sapicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angolensis">Sapicolella angolensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
” dated 1975. Two other specimens, the basis of the description above, were sent on loan from Kto Pin 1982 (registered at Kas H960/82) and were annotated as “
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="C. Cusset" authorityName="C. Cusset" box="[199,519,720,741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sapicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gossweileri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,406,720,741]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">Sapicolella gossweileri</emphasis>
|
||
C. Cusset
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ined. 1998”, on one of which she had deleted an earlier annotation she had made of “
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="C. Cusset" authorityName="C. Cusset" box="[300,591,781,803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Pohliella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angolensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[300,489,781,802]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">Pohliella angolensis</emphasis>
|
||
C.Cusset
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ined.”. Since the Code (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Turland, N. J. & Wiersema, J. H. & B arrie, F. R. & Greuter, W. & Hawksworth, D. L. & Herendeen, P. S. & Knapp, S. & Kusber, W. - H. & Li, D. - Z. & Marhold, K. & May, T. W. & McNeill, J. & Monro, A. M. & Prado, J. & Price, M. J. & Smith, G. F." box="[264,473,812,834]" journalOrPublisher="Regnum Veg. 159. Koeltz B otanical B ooks, Glashutten" pageId="14" pageNumber="417" refId="ref29203" refString="Turland, N. J., Wiersema, J. H., B arrie, F. R., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D. L., Herendeen, P. S., Knapp, S., Kusber, W. - H., Li, D. - Z., Marhold, K., May, T. W., McNeill, J., Monro, A. M., Prado, J., Price, M. J. & Smith, G. F. (ed.) (2018). International Code of Nomenclature for alcae, funci, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International B otanical Concress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Veg. 159. Koeltz B otanical B ooks, Glashutten." title="International Code of Nomenclature for alcae, funci, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International B otanical Concress Shenzhen, China, July 2017." type="book" year="2018">
|
||
Turland
|
||
<emphasis box="[364,414,812,834]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) advocates that such names should not be perpetuated without the permission of the author, and since that permission has not been obtain- ed, an alternative name has been selected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[189,783,201,1139]" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[221,416,934,955]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sapicolella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="417" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[221,416,934,955]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="417">Sapicolella angola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is incompletely known. Both collections studied comprise of fruiting material. The roots, stem leaves, flowers at anthesis, pollen, are all either unknown, or only partially known. The ecology (microhabitat-ecological niche) is also unknown. Further field studies to fill these large gaps in our knowledge are advisable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |