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<mods:title id="B67D5A2BF2A7E89F937DE3B6799C8804">More cautionary tales: family, generic and species synonymies of recently published taxa of ghost and mud shrimps (Decapoda: Axiidea and Gebiidea)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F401A4B13A4801D2222F9CF" ID-CoL="b387ee40-9fa8-4bb7-a359-3d300aa94f4a" authority="(Squires, 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[151,630,1574,1600]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A4801D2222F9CF" bold="true" box="[151,630,1574,1600]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A4801D21E1F9CF" bold="true" box="[151,437,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Guyanacaris caespitosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F401A4B12F7801D223AF9CF" box="[452,622,1574,1600]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refId="ref11034" refString="Squires, H. J. (1979) Axiopsis (Axiopsis) caespitosa (Thalassinidea, Axiidae), a new species from the Pacific coast of Colombia. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 57, 1884 - 1891. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 79 - 207" type="journal article">Squires, 1979</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="13269DDB2F401A4B13AC807220B4F9ED" box="[159,224,1609,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,553,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1821]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Guyanacaris caespitosa (Squires, 1979).SMF 31563, male (holotype of Neoaxius nicoyaensis). A, pleomeres 15 in ventral vieW; B, detail of pleopod 1 from frame in A; C, carapace in dorsal vieW (photo: S. M. Schnedl), arroWs point to spines behind cervical groove. Scale bar: A, C = 10 mm; B = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1196964/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C307D2D52F401A4B13A480A92291F96B" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F401A4B13A480A922CAF928" ID-CoL="1d0d51b4-9313-4a16-a821-15073d41327d" authority="Squires, 1979: 1584" authorityName="Squires" authorityPageNumber="1584" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,670,1681,1703]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Axiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa" subGenus="Axiopsis">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A480A920B9F928" box="[151,237,1682,1703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Axiopsis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13C880A92105F928" box="[251,337,1682,1703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Axiopsis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B125380A9219FF928" box="[352,459,1682,1703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">caespitosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F401A4B12E280AA2234F928" box="[465,608,1681,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refId="ref11034" refString="Squires, H. J. (1979) Axiopsis (Axiopsis) caespitosa (Thalassinidea, Axiidae), a new species from the Pacific coast of Colombia. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 57, 1884 - 1891. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 79 - 207" type="journal article">Squires, 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 1584
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1589, figs 13, tabs 1, 2.—HendrickX 1987: 355.
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<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A4808B21F0F949" box="[151,420,1712,1734]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F401A4B13A4808B21D1F949" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[151,389,1712,1734]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Acanthaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">Acanthaxius caespitosa</taxonomicName>
.—
</emphasis>
Sakai &amp; de
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCA74F2F401A4B1112808B235BF949" author="" box="[545,783,1712,1734]" page="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F401A4B1112808B22BFF949" box="[545,747,1712,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refId="ref10645" refString="Sakai, K. &amp; Saint Laurent, M. de (1989) A check list of Axiidae (Decapoda, Crustacea, Thalassinidea, Anomula), with remarks and in addition descriptions of one new subfamily, eleven new genera and two new species. Naturalists, Publications of Tokushima Biological Laboratory, Shikoku University, 3, 1 - 104. Available from: https: // decapoda. nhm. org / pdfs / 12320 / 12320. pdf (accessed 2 August 2017)" type="journal article">Saint Laurent 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 73
</treatmentCitation>
.—Lemaitre &amp; Alvarez-León 1992: 44.—HendrickX 1995: 390 (list), 393, 394, figs.—HendrickX
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B112C80EB2207F96B" box="[543,595,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
2005: 171.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F401A4B13A480D521DFF88C" ID-CoL="b387ee40-9fa8-4bb7-a359-3d300aa94f4a" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[151,395,1774,1795]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A480D521DFF88C" box="[151,395,1774,1795]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Guyanacaris caespitosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCA74F2F401A4B129A80D62218F88C" author="" box="[425,588,1773,1795]" page="120" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F401A4B129A80D6224AF88C" box="[425,542,1773,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refId="ref10428" refString="Sakai, K. (2011) Axioidea of the World and a Reconsideration of the Callianassoidea (Decapoda, Thalassinidea, Callianassida) Crustaceana Monographs, 13, 1 - 616. Available from: https: // decapoda. nhm. org / pdfs / 32288 / 32288. pdf (accessed 27 July 2017)" type="journal article">Sakai 2011</bibRefCitation>
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121.—DWorschak 2013: 40.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0DA6702F401A4B13A481372327F8CF" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F401A4B13A4813721C8F8AD" ID-CoL="2a311f1b-0557-46f4-b544-ddde07071fc4" baseAuthorityName="Boesch &amp; Smalley" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[151,412,1804,1826]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutimana">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A4813721C8F8AD" box="[151,412,1804,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Guyanacaris hirsutimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCA74F2F401A4B128981372235F8AD" author="" box="[442,609,1804,1826]" page="121" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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: 121
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123 (part, Pacific material).—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCA74F2F401A4B10908137241FF8AD" author="" box="[931,1099,1804,1826]" page="509" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F401A4B10908137244FF8AD" box="[931,1051,1804,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" refId="ref10486" refString="Sakai, K. (2017) One new species of a new genus, Neoaxius gen. nov., in a new family, Neoaxiidae fam. nov., from the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica (Decapoda, Axioidea). Crustaceana, 90 (4), 503 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685403 - 00003650" type="journal article">Sakai 2017</bibRefCitation>
: 509
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(Table I) (part, Pacific material) [not
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<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13C58111210EF8CF" box="[246,346,1834,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Calocaris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B125B8111218CF8CF" box="[360,472,1834,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Calastacus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B12DB81112237F8CF" box="[488,611,1834,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">hirsutimana</emphasis>
Boesch &amp; Smalley, 1972
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].
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F401A4B13A481712276F8D0" authority="Sakai, 2017: 505" authorityName="Sakai" authorityPageNumber="505" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,546,1865,1887]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicoyaensis">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A481712125F8D0" box="[151,369,1866,1887]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Neoaxius nicoyaensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCA74F2F401A4B124B81722276F8D0" author="" box="[376,546,1865,1887]" page="505" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">
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: 505
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509, figs 13.
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B11F281732376F8D1" bold="true" box="[705,802,1864,1887]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B758B032F401A4B13A481B725D9F82A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1835171880" box="[151,1421,1932,1957]" country="Costa Rica" latitude="9.565" location="Gulf of Nicoya" longLatPrecision="129" longitude="-84.88167" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B13A481B721D5F82A" bold="true" box="[151,385,1932,1957]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54A63FFC2F401A4B12BB81B721A4F82A" box="[392,496,1932,1957]" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F401A4B112B81B6235FF82B" authorityName="Sakai" authorityYear="2017" box="[536,779,1933,1956]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicoyaensis">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F401A4B112B81B6235FF82B" box="[536,779,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Neoaxius nicoyaensis</emphasis>
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, Pacific
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F401A4B105C81B723B8F82A" box="[879,1004,1932,1957]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="1" pageNumber="62">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE29E7992F401A4B179881B7255BF82B" box="[1195,1295,1932,1956]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="92" value="9.565">9°33.9'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE29E7992F401A4B162581B725D9F82A" box="[1302,1421,1932,1957]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" precision="92" value="-84.88167">84°52.9'W</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
9°34.6 84°54.7'W,
<quantity id="4CE52CBB2F401A4B1242818B21E9F848" box="[369,445,1968,1992]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3899999999999997" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="239.0">239 m</quantity>
, SMF 31563 (male
<quantity id="4CE52CBB2F401A4B1194818B235BF848" box="[679,783,1968,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.31" pageId="1" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="33.1">33.1 mm</quantity>
, detached right P1, P3, P4, right Plp2, 3, 4 dissected, in separate vial).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F431A4813F486AC2348FF5B" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
Pacific
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F431A48122E86A321CFFF3F" box="[285,411,151,176]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<collectingRegion id="49D94FBC2F431A48122E86A32109FF3F" box="[285,349,152,176]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Costa</collectingRegion>
Rica
</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4CE52CBB2F431A48129B86A32188FF3F" box="[424,476,151,176]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
S.E. Punta Chayote [Punta Coyote],
<collectingRegion id="49D94FBC2F431A4810B586A32450FF20" box="[902,1028,152,175]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
, I.
<quantity id="4CE52CBB2F431A48172D86A324F1FF20" box="[1054,1189,152,176]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.37108" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="337108.0">337, 108 m</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="ED0C199B2F431A48178086A32543FF3F" box="[1203,1303,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">MZUCR</collectionCode>
1665-01 (1 ovigerous female,
<quantity id="4CE52CBB2F431A4812558687219FFF5B" box="[358,459,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="39.5">39.5 mm</quantity>
) (examined by PCD in 2011).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C307D2D52F431A4913F486E4239CFC62" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F431A4813F486E42201FE7B" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F431A4813F486E42160FF77" bold="true" box="[199,308,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F431A48127886E421B0FF77" box="[331,484,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" refId="ref10486" refString="Sakai, K. (2017) One new species of a new genus, Neoaxius gen. nov., in a new family, Neoaxiidae fam. nov., from the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica (Decapoda, Axioidea). Crustaceana, 90 (4), 503 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685403 - 00003650" type="journal article">Sakai (2017)</bibRefCitation>
presented the following argument for the new genus and family: “
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F431A48160786DA214EFE93" authority="Dworschak &amp; Poore, 2018" authorityName="Dworschak &amp; Poore" authorityYear="2018" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicoyaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F431A48160786DA214EFE93" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Neoaxius nicoyaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25AE0372F431A481217873E212AFE93" box="[292,382,261,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
as described below, is very characteristic in that it possesses highly unique morphological features of the genital organs, which cannot be found in any species of any genera of the families currently included in the superfamily Axioidea. This means that this new species could not be classified under any of the genera of these families. That is precisely why the new species is to be classified under a new genus established in the present paper, as
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F431A4813CC87AE21A5FE23" authority="Dworschak &amp; Poore, 2018" authorityName="Dworschak &amp; Poore" authorityYear="2018" box="[255,497,405,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicoyaensis" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F431A4813CC87AE21A5FE23" box="[255,497,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Neoaxius nicoyaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25AE0372F431A4812C487AE22F6FE23" box="[503,674,404,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
”. By genital organs he presumably meant the unmodified pleopod 1. Most decapods have a modified first male pleopod so this finding should have been seen as suspect to any knowledgeable reviewer as it was to us.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF62D1D62F431A4813A48114231CF80D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1196964/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" startId="2.[151,249,1839,1861]" targetBox="[151,1436,553,1821]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F431A4813A48114231CF80D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1839,1922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F431A4813A481142146F8CB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1839,1861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F431A48122B810B22E5F8CA" authority="(Squires, 1979)" authorityName="Squires" authorityYear="1979" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[280,689,1839,1861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F431A48122B810B2258F8CA" box="[280,524,1840,1861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Guyanacaris caespitosa</emphasis>
(Squires, 1979)
</taxonomicName>
. SMF 31563, male (holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F431A4810CA810B2480F8CA" authorityName="Dworschak &amp; Poore" authorityYear="2018" box="[1017,1236,1840,1861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicoyaensis">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F431A4810CA810B2480F8CA" box="[1017,1236,1840,1861]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Neoaxius nicoyaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). A, pleomeres 15 in ventral vieW; B, detail of pleopod 1 from frame in A; C, carapace in dorsal vieW (photo: S. M. Schnedl), arroWs point to spines behind cervical groove. Scale bar: A, C = 10 mm; B = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F431A4913F48192209FFF77" blockId="2.[151,1436,1961,2022]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1005]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
Study of the
<typeStatus id="54A63FFC2F431A481269819221E8F84D" box="[346,444,1961,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F431A4812D78190228CF84D" authorityName="Dworschak &amp; Poore" authorityYear="2018" box="[484,728,1963,1986]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicoyaensis">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F431A4812D78190228CF84D" box="[484,728,1963,1986]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Neoaxius nicoyaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows clearly that Sakai has overlooked the small, uniramous first pleopods that are still attached (flexed on right side) on the ventrally narrow pleomere 1 (
<figureCitation id="13269DDB2F431A4817D781F62537F869" box="[1252,1379,1997,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,553,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1821]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Guyanacaris caespitosa (Squires, 1979).SMF 31563, male (holotype of Neoaxius nicoyaensis). A, pleomeres 15 in ventral vieW; B, detail of pleopod 1 from frame in A; C, carapace in dorsal vieW (photo: S. M. Schnedl), arroWs point to spines behind cervical groove. Scale bar: A, C = 10 mm; B = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1196964/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
). He dissected the right pleopods 24, interpreted one of either the third or fourth as pleopod 1 (fig. 2A) labelling the other pleopod 3 (fig. 3D) and correctly figured pleopod 2 (fig. 3B); all were erroneously stated to be from the left side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F421A4913F4873F21E3FEEA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
As the unique character used to establish the new higher taxa is based on an error, Sakais (2017) reasons to establish a new genus and family lack any justification.
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A49102D871223D2FECF" authorityName="Sakai" authorityYear="2017" box="[798,902,297,320]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A49102D871223D2FECF" box="[798,902,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Neoaxius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is hereby synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4917E98713253FFEB0" authorityName="Sakai" authorityYear="2011" box="[1242,1387,296,319]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4917E98713253FFEB0" box="[1242,1387,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Guyanacaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4913A487772143FEEA" authorityName="Sakai" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,279,332,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Neoaxiidae</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A491265877721E6FEEA" authorityName="Huxley" authorityYear="1879" box="[342,434,332,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Axiidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F421A4913F487542320FD0B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
Although
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F421A49120887542258FE07" box="[315,524,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refId="ref10486" refString="Sakai, K. (2017) One new species of a new genus, Neoaxius gen. nov., in a new family, Neoaxiidae fam. nov., from the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica (Decapoda, Axioidea). Crustaceana, 90 (4), 503 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685403 - 00003650" type="journal article">Sakai (2017: 504)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned in his remarks on the new family that the new genus is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4913A487AE2213FE23" authority="Komai &amp; Tachikawa, 2008" authorityName="Komai &amp; Tachikawa" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,583,404,429]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Litoraxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4913A487AE215EFE23" box="[151,266,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Litoraxius</emphasis>
Komai &amp; Tachikawa, 2008
</taxonomicName>
, he compared his new species with
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4910ED87AE24AAFE22" baseAuthorityName="Boesch &amp; Smalley" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[990,1278,404,429]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutimana">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4910ED87AE24AAFE22" box="[990,1278,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Guyanacaris hirsutimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in his table I, referring to two specimens (the
<typeStatus id="54A63FFC2F421A49113B878C223EFE5F" box="[520,618,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
USNM 137428 from British
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A4910F18783244DFE5F" box="[962,1049,440,464]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Guyana</collectingCountry>
and one male, SMF 31827, from Pacific
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A4913DF87E72133FE7A" box="[236,359,476,501]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<collectingRegion id="49D94FBC2F421A4913DF87E72178FE7B" box="[236,300,476,500]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Costa</collectingRegion>
Rica
</collectingCountry>
) he had dealt with earlier (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F421A4911A187E72340FE7B" box="[658,788,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refId="ref10428" refString="Sakai, K. (2011) Axioidea of the World and a Reconsideration of the Callianassoidea (Decapoda, Thalassinidea, Callianassida) Crustaceana Monographs, 13, 1 - 616. Available from: https: // decapoda. nhm. org / pdfs / 32288 / 32288. pdf (accessed 27 July 2017)" type="journal article">Sakai 2011</bibRefCitation>
). This table contains—besides the misinterpreted pleopod 1—other errors: (1) the
<typeStatus id="54A63FFC2F421A49128187C42240FD97" box="[434,532,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A491173843B22BEFD97" baseAuthorityName="Boesch &amp; Smalley" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[576,746,511,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutimana">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A491173843B22BEFD97" box="[576,746,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. hirsutimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a postcervical carina as figured by Boesch &amp; Smalley (1972: fig. 1) and
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F421A49124F841F22D9FDB3" box="[380,653,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refId="ref10428" refString="Sakai, K. (2011) Axioidea of the World and a Reconsideration of the Callianassoidea (Decapoda, Thalassinidea, Callianassida) Crustaceana Monographs, 13, 1 - 616. Available from: https: // decapoda. nhm. org / pdfs / 32288 / 32288. pdf (accessed 27 July 2017)" type="journal article">Sakai (2011: fig. 22B)</bibRefCitation>
; (2)
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4911FD841E232FFDB2" baseAuthorityName="Boesch &amp; Smalley" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[718,891,548,573]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutimana">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4911FD841E232FFDB2" box="[718,891,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. hirsutimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sometimes also possesses distinct carinae on pleomeres 1 to 5 as shown by Blanco-Rambla (1995: fig.
<quantity id="4CE52CBB2F421A49102C8473231FFDEF" box="[799,843,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" unit="g" value="11.0">11g</quantity>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F421A49106C847C23BBFDEF" box="[863,1007,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refId="ref10486" refString="Sakai, K. (2017) One new species of a new genus, Neoaxius gen. nov., in a new family, Neoaxiidae fam. nov., from the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica (Decapoda, Axioidea). Crustaceana, 90 (4), 503 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685403 - 00003650" type="journal article">Sakai (2017)</bibRefCitation>
overlooked the prominent spines near the cervical groove (see
<figureCitation id="13269DDB2F421A49129B845721A8FD0B" box="[424,508,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,553,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,553,1821]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Guyanacaris caespitosa (Squires, 1979).SMF 31563, male (holotype of Neoaxius nicoyaensis). A, pleomeres 15 in ventral vieW; B, detail of pleopod 1 from frame in A; C, carapace in dorsal vieW (photo: S. M. Schnedl), arroWs point to spines behind cervical groove. Scale bar: A, C = 10 mm; B = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1196964/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) that are typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4911EB84562339FD0B" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[728,877,621,644]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4911EB84562339FD0B" box="[728,877,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. caespitosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F421A4913F484AB213CFCD2" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4913F484AB210CFD28" authorityName="Sakai" authorityYear="2011" box="[199,344,656,679]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4913F484AB210CFD28" box="[199,344,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Guyanacaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from two species,
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4911AB84AB236AFD27" baseAuthorityName="Boesch &amp; Smalley" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[664,830,655,680]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutimana">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4911AB84AB236AFD27" box="[664,830,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. hirsutimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Atlantic (Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="49D94FBC2F421A49175C84B42490FD27" box="[1135,1220,655,680]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A49175C84B42490FD27" box="[1135,1220,655,680]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
to British
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A49160F84AB25C1FD27" box="[1340,1429,656,680]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Guyana</collectingCountry>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4913F5848E210FFD43" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[198,347,693,716]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4913F5848E210FFD43" box="[198,347,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. caespitosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Pacific (
<collectingRegion id="49D94FBC2F421A491115848F2229FD42" box="[550,637,692,717]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A491115848F2229FD42" box="[550,637,692,717]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
to
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A491191848F2342FD42" box="[674,790,692,717]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Colombia</collectingCountry>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F421A49101B848F247CFD43" box="[808,1064,692,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refId="ref11034" refString="Squires, H. J. (1979) Axiopsis (Axiopsis) caespitosa (Thalassinidea, Axiidae), a new species from the Pacific coast of Colombia. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 57, 1884 - 1891. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 79 - 207" type="journal article">Squires (1979: table 1)</bibRefCitation>
outlined the differences between the two species, noting that the median carina of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4911FE84E32321FD7F" baseAuthorityName="Boesch &amp; Smalley" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[717,885,727,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutimana">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4911FE84E32321FD7F" box="[717,885,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. hirsutimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has eight spines while that of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4917E484E32539FD7F" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[1239,1389,728,752]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4917E484E32539FD7F" box="[1239,1389,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. caespitosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has three. The specimen (MZUCR 1665-01) attributed to
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A49103584C623CAFC9B" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[774,926,765,788]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A49103584C623CAFC9B" box="[774,926,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. caespitosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Dworschak (2013) had more than three. That this specimen was found only about
<quantity id="4CE52CBB2F421A49115F851B22E7FCB7" box="[620,691,799,824]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
west of the
<typeStatus id="54A63FFC2F421A49100F851B2338FCB7" box="[828,876,800,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4910DE851A24C5FCB7" authorityName="Dworschak &amp; Poore" authorityYear="2018" box="[1005,1169,801,824]" class="Malacostraca" family="Neoaxiidae" genus="Neoaxius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nicoyaensis">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4910DE851A24C5FCB7" box="[1005,1169,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">N. nicoyaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
supports the synonymy of the two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2815E2F421A4913F4855C239CFC62" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CFCAF2F421A4913F4855C2102FC0F" box="[199,342,871,896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" refId="ref10428" refString="Sakai, K. (2011) Axioidea of the World and a Reconsideration of the Callianassoidea (Decapoda, Thalassinidea, Callianassida) Crustaceana Monographs, 13, 1 - 616. Available from: https: // decapoda. nhm. org / pdfs / 32288 / 32288. pdf (accessed 27 July 2017)" type="journal article">Sakai (2011)</bibRefCitation>
reported two specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A4911B885532365FC0F" baseAuthorityName="Boesch &amp; Smalley" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[651,817,871,896]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutimana">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A4911B885532365FC0F" box="[651,817,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. hirsutimana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the Atlantic species) from the Pacific, one from Golfo Dulce,
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A4913D985B72131FC2A" box="[234,357,908,933]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
<collectingRegion id="49D94FBC2F421A4913D985B7217EFC2B" box="[234,298,908,932]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Costa</collectingRegion>
Rica
</collectingCountry>
(SMF 31827) and one from
<collectingCountry id="F30AC1CE2F421A49118085B622B2FC2B" box="[691,742,909,932]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Peru</collectingCountry>
(RMNH D31563). We could not study those specimens, but they are certainly attributable to
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A491127858B22F8FC47" baseAuthorityName="Squires" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[532,684,944,968]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caespitosa">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A491127858B22F8FC47" box="[532,684,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">G. caespitosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Sakais (2011) account with almost identical diagnosis for both species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DFADD2F421A49123E85EE21CAFC63" authorityName="Sakai" authorityYear="2011" box="[269,414,981,1004]" class="Malacostraca" family="Axiidae" genus="Guyanacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9695D4C2F421A49123E85EE21CAFC63" box="[269,414,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Guyanacaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows that he was not aware of their differences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>