1016 lines
135 KiB
XML
1016 lines
135 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="37152A5041542E3745EC324A70B2B8D9">Deciphering a Chilean harvestmen enigma: what is Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E58C9FC98FC15" blockId="7.[151,977,931,1030]" box="[151,871,931,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E58C9FC98FC15" bold="true" box="[151,871,931,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E58C9FDC2FC15" authority="(Gervais, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,573,931,958]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E58C9FE88FC15" bold="true" box="[151,375,931,958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FE1E58CEFDCAFC15" author="Gervais, P." box="[391,565,932,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261CE6FBE435304FDDC58CEFD33FC15" box="[581,716,932,958]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, revalidated
|
||
</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33CFC8DBE435304FF0E58A2FE9BFBAD" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E58A2FC2EFC48" blockId="7.[151,977,931,1030]" box="[151,977,968,995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FF8095D3BE435304FE3158A2FC2EFC48" box="[424,977,968,995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">3353AFE9-7113-4E68-ADD8-01EEF8CFAD5C</uuid>
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</uri>
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<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5886FE9BFBAD" blockId="7.[151,977,931,1030]" box="[151,356,1004,1030]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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<figureCitation id="131DB383BE435304FF0E5886FEEAFBAD" box="[151,277,1004,1030]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Figs. 1A–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131DB383BE435304FEB85886FE9BFBAD" box="[289,356,1004,1030]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,485,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-181@12.[283,1303,453,1603]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov., distal end of penis (MACN-Ar 46514). A: dorsal view; B: lateral view; C: detail of VPS (rotated). Scale lines: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595845/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">2A–C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33CFC8DBE435304FF0E5F5AFB54F905" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5F5AFBE5FBE3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" box="[151,1050,1072,1097]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FF0E5F5AFDE5FBE2" author="Gervais, P." box="[151,538,1072,1097]" page="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1849">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5F5AFDE5FBE2" ID-CoL="9X9TC" authority="Gervais 1849: 21" authorityName="Gervais" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,538,1072,1097]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5F5AFE9DFBE3" box="[151,354,1072,1096]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Gonyleptes bicornis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FEF05F5AFDE5FBE2" author="Gervais, P." box="[361,538,1072,1097]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais 1849: 21</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FDBC5F5AFD30FBE2" author="Butler, A. G." box="[549,719,1072,1097]" page="114" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1873">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FDBC5F5AFD30FBE2" author="Butler, A. G." box="[549,719,1072,1097]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="112 - 117" refId="ref11020" refString="Butler, A. G. (1873) A monographic list of the species of the genus Gonyleptes, with descriptions of three remarkable new species. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Ser. 4, 11, 112 - 117, pl. 3. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937308696775" type="journal article" year="1873">Butler 1873: 114</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(species list).
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<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE435304FCF85F5BFC67FBE2" box="[865,920,1073,1097]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Type</typeStatus>
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(s) unknown.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5F25FD73FB2D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5F25FDFFFBCC" ID-CoL="9X5H2" authority="Gervais 1854" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,512,1103,1127]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
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||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5F25FE89FBCC" box="[151,374,1103,1127]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Gonyleptes acanthops</emphasis>
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Gervais 1854
|
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</taxonomicName>
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(in part):Atlas, Arachnídeos, pl. 1, fig. 4b
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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—NEC
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<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FC765F25FB5FFBCC" author="Gervais, P." box="[1007,1184,1103,1127]" page="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1849">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FC765F25FB5FFBCC" author="Gervais, P." box="[1007,1184,1103,1127]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849: 22</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(description corresponds to
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<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF785F04FE97FB2D" ID-CoL="9X5H2" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1854" box="[225,360,1134,1158]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF785F04FE97FB2D" box="[225,360,1134,1158]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
; only fig. 4b to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FD955F04FD81FB2D" ID-CoL="9X9TC" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[524,638,1134,1158]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FD955F04FD81FB2D" box="[524,638,1134,1158]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">G. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5FE6FD9AFB68" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB368828BE435304FF0E5FE6FCA6FB0E" box="[151,857,1164,1189]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5FE6FE8EFB0F" ID-CoL="7WCY4" baseAuthorityName="Acosta" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[151,369,1164,1188]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5FE6FE8EFB0F" box="[151,369,1164,1188]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Gonyleptes planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Gervais 1854: Atlas, Arachnídeos, pl. 1, fig. 10
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
—NEC
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FC375FE6FBA3FB0E" author="Gervais, P." box="[942,1116,1164,1189]" page="24" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1849">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FC375FE6FBA3FB0E" author="Gervais, P." box="[942,1116,1164,1189]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais 1849: 24</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(description corresponds to the true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF6C5FC6FE8AFB68" ID-CoL="7WCY4" baseAuthorityName="Acosta" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[245,373,1195,1219]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF6C5FC6FE8AFB68" box="[245,373,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">G. planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; fig. 10 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FE7C5FC6FDA8FB68" ID-CoL="9X9TC" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[485,599,1195,1219]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FE7C5FC6FDA8FB68" box="[485,599,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">G. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5FA0FA84FAAB" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB368828BE435304FF0E5FA0FA84FAAB" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5FA0FE70FB49" baseAuthorityName="Guérin-Méneville" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,399,1226,1250]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5FA0FEF8FB49" box="[151,263,1226,1250]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Lycomedes</emphasis>
|
||
(?)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FEB75FA0FE70FB49" box="[302,399,1226,1250]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">planiceps</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[sic]:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FE565FA0FD76FB49" author="Sorensen, W." box="[463,649,1226,1250]" page="21" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1902">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FE565FA0FD76FB49" author="Sorensen, W." box="[463,649,1226,1250]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref12517" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). In: Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, pp. 1 - 36." type="book chapter" year="1902">Sørensen 1902: 21</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part?—he draws attention to the mismatch between description and fig. 10 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FF7A5F82FE8BFAAA" author="Gervais, P." box="[227,372,1256,1281]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FEE75F83FBD4FAAB" box="[382,1067,1256,1281]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">‘Descriptio enim et figura, a Gervais datae, nullo modo congruunt’</emphasis>
|
||
—unable to identify the species).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5E6DFCEEFA95" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB368828BE435304FF0E5E6DFCEEFA95" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5E6DFE91FAB4" baseAuthorityName="Guérin-Méneville" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,366,1287,1311]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5E6DFE91FAB4" box="[151,366,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Lycomedes planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FEE35E62FDC9FAB4" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[378,566,1287,1311]" page="127" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1913">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FEE35E62FDC9FAB4" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[378,566,1287,1311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref12183" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pl. 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer 1913: 127</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 134, figs. 60, 61 (misidentification, based on a
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE435304FB8E5E62FB9BFAB4" box="[1047,1124,1288,1311]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
specimen he wrongly believed to be Gervais’
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE435304FEC25E4CFE79FA95" box="[347,390,1318,1342]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">type</typeStatus>
|
||
—it matches fig. 10 of Gervais 1854!).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5E2FFCF3FA31" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
NEC
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF485E2EFE64FAF7" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[209,411,1348,1372]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF485E2EFE64FAF7" box="[209,411,1348,1372]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Lycomedes bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FE305E2FFD98FAF6" author="Sorensen, W." box="[425,615,1349,1373]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref12517" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). In: Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, pp. 1 - 36." type="book chapter" year="1902">Sørensen 1902: 20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FDEE5E2EFBDEFAF7" box="[631,1057,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">‘descriptio G. bicornis fìguris 4 congruit’</emphasis>
|
||
= he wrongly assumes that figs ‘
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE435304FAEA5E2FFA68FAF6" box="[1395,1431,1349,1373]" count="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE435304FF5E5E09FF18FAD0" box="[199,231,1379,1403]" count="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE435304FF775E09FED9FAD0" box="[238,294,1379,1403]" captionStart="4" captionStartId="3.[151,166,765,789]" captionText="4♂, 4♀ and 4b (Gervais 1854); +M=match, –m=mismatch (strong evidence denoted as **)." pageId="7" pageNumber="200">and 4</figureCitation>
|
||
b’ of Gervais 1854 refer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FDA25E0EFD56FAD0" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[571,681,1379,1403]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FDA25E0EFD56FAD0" box="[571,681,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">L. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FD595E0EFC7CFAD0" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[704,899,1379,1403]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref12183" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pl. 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer, 1913: 136</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 62 [species considered “unsichere Art”; follows
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FF5E5EE8FEA0FA31" author="Sorensen, W." box="[199,351,1410,1434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref12517" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). In: Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, pp. 1 - 36." type="book chapter" year="1902">Sørensen 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and reproduces fig.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE435304FDAA5EE8FDADFA31" box="[563,594,1410,1434]" count="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
of Gervais 1854].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5ECAFC0CF9BF" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5ECAFE7EFA13" ID-CoL="C4LBX" baseAuthorityName="Guérin-Méneville" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,385,1440,1464]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedicus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5ECAFE7EFA13" box="[151,385,1440,1464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Lycomedicus planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FE145ECBFDB7FA12" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[397,584,1441,1465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" refId="ref12222" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1923) Die Weberknechte der Erde. Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannten Opiliones. G. Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1116 pp." type="book" year="1923">Roewer 1923: 442</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 445, figs. 559, 560 (misidentification, probably based on the same specimen, now in Coll. Roewer—although the supposed Gervais’
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE435304FD325EAAFD28FA73" box="[683,727,1472,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">type</typeStatus>
|
||
from MNHN is still cited, both ‘specimens’ may be the same);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FAC05ED5FE6BFA5D" author="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M." pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="225 - 302" refId="ref12471" refString="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M. (1954) Monografia dos generos de opilioes neotropicos III. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo, 8 (9), 225 - 302." type="journal article" year="1954">Soares & Soares 1954: 271</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in part; they adopted Roewer’s criteria);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FCDC5EB4FBFEFA5D" author="Cekalovic K." box="[837,1025,1502,1526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 11" refId="ref11143" refString="Cekalovic K., T. (1968) Conocimiento actual de los opiliones chilenos. Noticiario mensual del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chile, 12 (138), 5 - 11." type="journal article" year="1968">Cekalovic 1968: 8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in part; wrong date), 1976: 26 (in part; some mistaken localities), 1985: 19 (in part);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FD0A5E97FCAEF9BE" author="Acosta, L. E." box="[659,849,1532,1557]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="209 - 225" refId="ref10738" refString="Acosta, L. E. (1996 a) Die Typus-Exemplare der von Carl-Friedrich Roewer beschriebenen Pachylinae (Arachnida: Opiliones: Gonyleptidae). Senckenbergiana biologica, 76 (1 - 2), 209 - 225." type="journal article" year="1996">Acosta 1996a: 224</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(SMF, RI/795).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5D71FC84F9DB" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB368828BE435304FF0E5D71FBC8F998" box="[151,1079,1563,1587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5D71FE8BF998" ID-CoL="9X7G4" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,372,1563,1587]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedicus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5D71FE8BF998" box="[151,372,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Lycomedicus bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FE1B5D71FDD8F998" author="Canals, J." box="[386,551,1563,1587]" page="69" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1936">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FE1B5D71FDD8F998" author="Canals, J." box="[386,551,1563,1587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="68 - 71" refId="ref11119" refString="Canals, J. (1936) Los opiliones de Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 39, 68 - 71." type="journal article" year="1936">Canals 1936: 69</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[species list];
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FD255D71FC86F998" author="Cekalovic K." box="[700,889,1563,1587]" page="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1968">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FD255D71FC86F998" author="Cekalovic K." box="[700,889,1563,1587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 11" refId="ref11143" refString="Cekalovic K., T. (1968) Conocimiento actual de los opiliones chilenos. Noticiario mensual del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chile, 12 (138), 5 - 11." type="journal article" year="1968">Cekalovic 1968: 8</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FC1D5D71FC21F998" author="Cekalovic K." box="[900,990,1563,1587]" page="18" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FC1D5D71FC21F998" author="Cekalovic K." box="[900,990,1563,1587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="7 - 29" refId="ref11233" refString="Cekalovic K., T. (1985) Catalogo de los opiliones de Chile (Arachnida). Boletin de la Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion, 56, 7 - 29." type="journal article" year="1985">1985: 18</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part)
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
—NEC
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FB135D76FAB7F998" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[1162,1352,1563,1587]" page="445" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1923">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FB135D76FAB7F998" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[1162,1352,1563,1587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" refId="ref12222" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1923) Die Weberknechte der Erde. Systematische Bearbeitung der bisher bekannten Opiliones. G. Fischer Verlag, Jena, 1116 pp." type="book" year="1923">Roewer 1923: 445</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig 561 [species listed as “unsichere Art”; figs 4, 4a, 4b of Gervais 1854 are wrongly assumed to correspond to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FB4F5D51FABCF9F9" ID-CoL="9X7G4" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[1238,1347,1594,1618]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedicus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FB4F5D51FABCF9F9" box="[1238,1347,1594,1618]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">L. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
];
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FAC05D50FE6EF9DA" author="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M." page="270" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="1954">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FAC05D50FE6EF9DA" author="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M." pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="225 - 302" refId="ref12471" refString="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M. (1954) Monografia dos generos de opilioes neotropicos III. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo, 8 (9), 225 - 302." type="journal article" year="1954">Soares & Soares 1954: 270</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[the same about figs 4, 4a, 4b of Gervais 1854].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5D1DFB8FF924" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" box="[151,1136,1655,1680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB368828BE435304FF0E5D1DFB8FF924" box="[151,1136,1655,1680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5D1DFEBAF924" ID-CoL="7YVYJ" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,325,1655,1679]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Sadocus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5D1DFEBAF924" box="[151,325,1655,1679]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Sadocus bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FECB5D12FE0CF924" author="Kury, A. B." box="[338,499,1655,1680]" page="191" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FECB5D12FE0CF924" author="Kury, A. B." box="[338,499,1655,1680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 337" refId="ref11785" refString="Kury, A. B. (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, Volumen especial monografico, 1, 5 - 337." type="journal article" year="2003">Kury 2003: 191</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part, refers to figs 4, 4a–b) [proposal of new combination].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5DFCFB54F905" blockId="7.[151,1437,1072,1710]" box="[151,1195,1686,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB368828BE435304FF0E5DFCFB54F905" box="[151,1195,1686,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FF0E5DFCFEAAF905" ID-CoL="7YVYF" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1847" box="[151,341,1686,1710]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Sadocus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5DFCFEAAF905" box="[151,341,1686,1710]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Sadocus asperatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A878917BE435304FEFB5DFCFD70F905" author="Pessoa-Silva, M. & Hara, M. R. & Pinto-da-Rocha, R." box="[354,655,1686,1710]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F5D43E8E278D5AE28249E292A2DB4ACF" page="104" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" year="2021">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FEFB5DFCFD70F905" author="Pessoa-Silva, M. & Hara, M. R. & Pinto-da-Rocha, R." box="[354,655,1686,1710]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="91 - 137" refId="ref12126" refString="Pessoa-Silva, M., Hara, M. R. & Pinto-da-Rocha, R. (2021) Revision of the southern Andean genus Sadocus Sorensen, 1886 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Pachylinae). ZooKeys, 1025, 91 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1025.57806" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Pessoa-Silva
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FE735DFDFDDDF905" box="[490,546,1686,1710]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2021: 104
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part, refers to figs 4, 4a–b) [synonymy proposal].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33CFC8DBE43530BFF0E5DB6FA6EFD02" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE435304FF0E5DB6FBEDF8B1" blockId="7.[151,1437,1756,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF0E5DB6FEB9F95D" bold="true" box="[151,326,1756,1782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4EA55BBE435304FED65DB7FBEDF8B1" collectingDate="1987-11-12" collectorName="E. A. Maury" country="Chile" latitude="-31.771" location="Cuesta Cavilolen" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="-71.315834" municipality="Choapa Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" specimenCode="MACN-Ar 46511" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Coquimbo Region" typeStatus="neotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE435304FED65DB7FE51F95C" box="[335,430,1757,1783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE435304FE2F5DB7FE34F95C" box="[438,459,1757,1783]" count="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80077DBE435304FE425DB6FD54F95C" box="[475,683,1756,1783]" collectionCode="MACN-Ar" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">MACN-Ar 46511</specimenCode>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331EF96BE435304FD275DB6FCECF95D" box="[702,787,1756,1782]" name="Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E261E4BE435304FCB95DB6FC0CF95D" box="[800,1011,1756,1782]" country="Chile" name="Coquimbo" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Coquimbo Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FC665DB6FB3BF95D" box="[1023,1220,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFD357CBE435304FC665DB6FB3BF95D" box="[1023,1220,1756,1782]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Choapa Province</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF9F9DDBE435304FB4D5DB6FA67F95D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F1E10BE43530EFF0E58C9FF0CFEEA:8EF9F9DDBE435304FB4D5DB6FA67F95D" box="[1236,1432,1756,1782]" country="Chile" municipality="Choapa Province" name="Cuesta Cavilolen" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" stateProvince="Coquimbo Region">Cuesta Cavilolén</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A2BB624BE435304FF0E5C6AFE7FF8B1" box="[151,384,1792,1819]" location="Los Vilos" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE02E3BE435304FF0E5C6AFF21F8B1" box="[151,222,1792,1818]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
NE Los Vilos
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9889C6BE435304FE125C6AFD9CF8B1" box="[395,611,1792,1818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" value="1987-11-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC702EBE435304FE125C6AFD9CF8B1" box="[395,611,1792,1818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" value="1987-11-12">12 November 1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3CAD0BE435304FDEA5C6AFD06F8B0" box="[627,761,1792,1819]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">E.A. Maury</collectorName>
|
||
leg.), hereby designated.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE43530BFF5E5C4EFADBFE7A" blockId="7.[151,1437,1756,2035]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FF5E5C4EFD07F895" bold="true" box="[199,760,1828,1854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
|
||
Qualifying conditions for
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE435304FD9F5C4EFD9CF895" box="[518,611,1828,1854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(as required by the ICZN, Art. 75.3). This designation is purposed to guarantee the nomenclatural stability of the revalidated binomen
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE435304FC635C22FB24F8C9" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[1018,1243,1864,1890]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FC635C22FB24F8C9" box="[1018,1243,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Gonyleptes bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, considering that the taxon was repeatedly misidentified by all authorities for more than 170 years, and also affected the taxonomic knowledge of other species treated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FDCF5CFAFCFAF801" author="Gervais, P." box="[598,773,1936,1962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais (1849)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The analysis of the most significant interpretations (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FAF45CFBFA6AF801" box="[1389,1429,1937,1962]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FF0E5CDEFEBEF865" author="Sorensen, W." box="[151,321,1972,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref12517" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). In: Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, pp. 1 - 36." type="book chapter" year="1902">Sørensen 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FED45CDFFE17F865" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[333,488,1972,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref12183" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pl. 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE435304FE6D5CDEFCFAF865" author="Pessoa-Silva, M. & Hara, M. R. & Pinto-da-Rocha, R." box="[500,773,1972,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" pagination="91 - 137" refId="ref12126" refString="Pessoa-Silva, M., Hara, M. R. & Pinto-da-Rocha, R. (2021) Revision of the southern Andean genus Sadocus Sorensen, 1886 (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Pachylinae). ZooKeys, 1025, 91 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1025.57806" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Pessoa-Silva
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE435304FD125CDFFD3AF865" box="[651,709,1972,1998]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is given in detail above, where the ‘exceptional need’ for a
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE435304FF345CB3FEF9F858" box="[173,262,2009,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is endorsed. The diagnostic features on which the preceding assessment of the description and figures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4C530BFF205BFDFE6FFF1A" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[185,400,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF205BFDFE6FFF1A" box="[185,400,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
focused (see
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFDAA5BFDFD9DFF1B" box="[563,610,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">e.g.,</emphasis>
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A49ABDBE4C530BFDF55BFDFD15FF1A" box="[620,746,151,177]" captionStart-0="TABLE 2" captionStart-1="TABLE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[152,244,151,175]" captionStartId-1="6.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="TABLE 2. Match (+M) or mismatch (–m) between the descriptions of G. asperatus (both Gervais 1847 and 1849) and G." captionText-1="TABLE 3. Match (+M) or mismatch (–m) between fig. 10 (Gervais 1854), and Gervais’ (1849) description of G. bicornis and redescription of G. planiceps; features observable on fig. 4b (lateral view) are inserted in round brackets. Stronger evidence is marked as **." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF59FF8EBE405307FF015BFDFAE9FF78" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF59FF8EBE425305FF015BFDFE55FF53" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" tableUuid-0="DF59FF8EBE405307FF015BFDFAE9FF78" tableUuid-1="DF59FF8EBE425305FF015BFDFE55FF53">Tables 2–3</tableCitation>
|
||
) are readily recognizable in the material studied and in the redescription below, thus giving ‘evidence that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4C530BFD455BD1FCCAFF7E" box="[732,821,187,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is consistent with what is known of the former namebearing type from the original description’, as ruled in Art. 75.3.5.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4C530BFCE45BB5FBDAFF52" author="Gervais, P." box="[893,1061,223,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais (1849)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not provide a precise original locality, but merely stated ‘it is found in humid places of the [Chilean] Republic’. However, it is worth noting that one of Claude Gay’s many exploratory trips across the country took him very close to the modern records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4C530BFA115A4DFF0CFECE" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFA115A4DFF0CFECE" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">P. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E261E4BE4C530BFEE65A21FE0AFECE" box="[383,501,331,357]" country="Chile" name="Coquimbo" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Coquimbo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFD9F5A21FDDDFECE" box="[518,546,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">cf.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4C530BFDB15A21FCECFECE" author="Sagredo Baeza, R." box="[552,787,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref12290" refString="Sagredo Baeza, R. (2010) El Atlas de Gay. La representacion de una Nacion. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la historia fisica y politica de Chile, 1954, vol. 1 - 2 (facsimile). Biblioteca fundamentos de la construccion de Chile, Camara Chilena de la Construccion, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Direccion de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, LOM Ediciones, Santiago de Chile, pp. ix - lxxvi." type="book chapter" year="2010">Sagredo Baeza 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: xix, xxiii and
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFC235A21FC01FECE" box="[954,1022,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1379,1403]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,349,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-96@13.[151,1435,345,1356]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 3. Records of Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. (red dots), along with other localities studied of genus Parabalta in central Chile (blue dots). Administrative Regions (thick solid boundaries) are labeled on the right. Only relevant provinces are given flags: Choapa, Petorca, Quillota (QUILL.), Los Andes, Santiago (SANT.). Color gradient: elevation below (light brown) and above (darker brown) 1000 m a.s.l. Gray: major urban areas. Inset: location of the represented area in Chile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595847/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). No author (not even
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4C530BFB645A21FA6BFECE" author="Gervais, P." box="[1277,1428,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) stated the existence of types or the location of original specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4C530BFC0A5A05FBEEFE22" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[915,1041,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFC0A5A05FBEEFE22" box="[915,1041,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">G. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and my own searches in European collections (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFE865AF9FE72FE06" box="[287,397,403,429]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFE015AF9FE0FFE06" box="[408,496,403,429]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFE625AF9FDA8FE06" box="[507,599,403,429]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="Museum">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFDFB5AF9FD64FE06" box="[610,667,403,429]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFD3C5AF9FD1AFE06" box="[677,741,403,429]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9snw-2bd2" name="Deptment of Biology, Zunyi Medical College" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">ZMC</collectionCode>
|
||
, among the most relevant) also resulted negative. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4C530BFADD5AF9FA62FE06" box="[1348,1437,403,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is lodged in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFEB85ADDFE61FE7A" box="[289,414,439,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">MACN-Ar</collectionCode>
|
||
, an outstanding biodiversity collection in South America (fulfilling Art. 75.3.7.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5AB0FBADFD2E" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5AB0FE0EFE5F" bold="true" box="[199,497,474,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Other materials studied.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4EA55BBE4C530BFE625AB1FADFFDB2" collectingDate="1987-11-12" collectionCode="MACN-Ar, CDA" collectorName="E. A. Maury" country="Chile" location="Cuesta Cavilolen" municipality="Choapa Province" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="8" stateProvince="Coquimbo Region">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331EF96BE4C530BFE625AB1FDAFFE5E" box="[507,592,475,501]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">CHILE</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E261E4BE4C530BFDC65AB1FCCCFE5E" box="[607,819,475,501]" country="Chile" name="Coquimbo" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Coquimbo Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFCD85AB1FBF7FE5F" box="[833,1032,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFD357CBE4C530BFCD85AB1FBF7FE5F" box="[833,1032,475,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Choapa Province</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFB835AB1FB1FFE5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F1E10BE43530EFF0E58C9FF0CFEEA:8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFB835AB1FB1FFE5E" box="[1050,1248,475,501]" country="Chile" municipality="Choapa Province" name="Cuesta Cavilolen" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" stateProvince="Coquimbo Region">Cuesta Cavilolén</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A2BB624BE4C530BFB775AB1FA97FE5E" bearing="45.0" box="[1262,1384,475,501]" distance="30000.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE02E3BE4C530BFB775AB1FAC6FE5E" box="[1262,1337,475,501]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
NE
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
<location id="8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFAEB5AB1FF2AFDB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F1E10BE43530EFF0E58C9FF0CFEEA:8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFAEB5AB1FF2AFDB2" country="Chile" municipality="Choapa Province" name="Los Vilos" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" stateProvince="Coquimbo Region">Los Vilos</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9889C6BE4C530BFF795A95FE46FDB2" box="[224,441,511,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" value="1987-11-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC702EBE4C530BFF795A95FE46FDB2" box="[224,441,511,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" value="1987-11-12">12 November 1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3CAD0BE4C530BFE505A95FDACFDB2" box="[457,595,511,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">E.A. Maury</collectorName>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFDFF5A95FD6DFDB2" box="[614,658,511,537]" count="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="male">7 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFD075A95FD37FDB2" box="[670,712,511,537]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFD4F5A95FCEAFDB2" box="[726,789,511,537]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="generic">2 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFCBA5A95FC5FFDB2" box="[803,928,511,537]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">MACN-Ar</collectionCode>
|
||
46512),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFB9D5A95FBCEFDB2" box="[1028,1073,511,537]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFBA45A95FB98FDB2" box="[1085,1127,511,537]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFBEC5A95FB4EFDB2" box="[1141,1201,511,537]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/89m4-4i9r" name="Canadian Department of Agriculture" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">CDA</collectionCode>
|
||
000.069)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4EA55BBE4C530BFAB25A95FC54FD96" collectingDate="1988-11-07" collectionCode="MACN-Ar, CDA" collectorName="E. A. Maury" country="Chile" location="Cuesta Cavilolen" municipality="Choapa Province" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" specimenCode="MACN-Ar 46513" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Coquimbo Region">
|
||
same loc.,
|
||
<date id="FF9889C6BE4C530BFF0E5949FE9CFD96" box="[151,355,547,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" value="1988-11-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC702EBE4C530BFF0E5949FE9CFD96" box="[151,355,547,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" value="1988-11-07">7 November 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3CAD0BE4C530BFEED5949FE01FD96" box="[372,510,547,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">E.A. Maury</collectorName>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFD8B5949FDC0FD96" box="[530,575,547,573]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFDD55949FD88FD96" box="[588,631,547,573]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFD1F5949FD3AFD96" box="[646,709,547,573]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="generic">2 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80077DBE4C530BFD4A5949FC5CFD96" box="[723,931,546,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">MACN-Ar 46513</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4EA55BBE4C530BFC2E5949FC3FFDCA" collectingDate="1988-11-05" collectingDateMax="1988-11-06" collectingDateMin="1988-11-05" collectionCode="MACN-Ar" collectorName="E. A. Maury" location="Los Vilos" municipality="Quebrada Playa Agua Dulce" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFD357CBE4C530BFC2E5949FB04FD96" box="[951,1275,547,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Quebrada Playa Agua Dulce</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A2BB624BE4C530BFA9E5949FA95FD96" bearing="0.0" box="[1287,1386,547,573]" distance="46000.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE02E3BE4C530BFA9E5949FAB1FD96" box="[1287,1358,547,573]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" unit="km" value="46.0">46 km</quantity>
|
||
N
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
<location id="8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFAEB5949FF2AFDCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F1E10BE43530EFF0E58C9FF0CFEEA:8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFAEB5949FF2AFDCA" municipality="Quebrada Playa Agua Dulce" name="Los Vilos" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Los Vilos</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9889C6BE4C530BFF78592CFE37FDCA" box="[225,456,582,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" value="1988-11-05" valueMax="1988-11-06" valueMin="1988-11-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDC702EBE4C530BFF78592CFE37FDCA" box="[225,456,582,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" value="1988-11-05" valueMax="1988-11-06" valueMin="1988-11-05">5–6 November 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26D3CAD0BE4C530BFE41592DFD9DFDCA" box="[472,610,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">E.A. Maury</collectorName>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFDEF592DFD5DFDCA" box="[630,674,583,609]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFD36592DFD26FDCA" box="[687,729,583,609]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3737C3BE4C530BFD71592DFC9AFDCA" box="[744,869,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">MACN-Ar</collectionCode>
|
||
46514)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4EA55BBE4C530BFC52592DFBB1FD2E" collectionCode="SMF" country="Chile" location="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" specimenCode="SMF RI/795" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
“
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331EF96BE4C530BFC4F592DFBE6FDCA" box="[982,1049,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
”, 1 ♂ “Type ex Mus. Paris” (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB80077DBE4C530BFAFA592DFF18FD2E" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">SMF RI/795</specimenCode>
|
||
) -
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4C530BFE9F5901FE0CFD2E" box="[262,499,619,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFE9F5901FE0CFD2E" box="[262,499,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Lycomedes planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
det.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4C530BFDB25901FD3BFD2E" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[555,708,619,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref12183" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pl. 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), not a type indeed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4C530BFC3E5901FBB9FD2E" author="Acosta, L. E." box="[935,1094,619,645]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" pagination="209 - 225" refId="ref10738" refString="Acosta, L. E. (1996 a) Die Typus-Exemplare der von Carl-Friedrich Roewer beschriebenen Pachylinae (Arachnida: Opiliones: Gonyleptidae). Senckenbergiana biologica, 76 (1 - 2), 209 - 225." type="journal article" year="1996">Acosta 1996a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E59E5FA6EFD02" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" box="[199,1425,654,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E59E5FE99FD03" bold="true" box="[199,358,654,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFEF559E5FDCFFD02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F1E10BE43530EFF0E58C9FF0CFEEA:8EF9F9DDBE4C530BFEF559E5FDCFFD02" box="[364,560,655,681]" country="Chile" latitude="-31.771" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="-71.315834" municipality="Province Choapa" name="Cuesta Cavilolen" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Cuesta Cavilolén</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A2BB624BE4C530BFDA359E5FCDCFD02" box="[570,803,655,681]" location="Los Vilos" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE02E3BE4C530BFDA359E5FD7EFD02" box="[570,641,655,681]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
NE Los Vilos
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFD357CBE4C530BFCB759E5FC0EFD02" box="[814,1009,655,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Province Choapa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331EF96BE4C530BFC6559E5FBC6FD02" box="[1020,1081,655,681]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
(ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12C9C1BE4C530BFBE959E5FB0FFD02" box="[1136,1264,655,681]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="46.26" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" precision="9" value="-31.771">31°46.26’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE12C9C1BE4C530BFB6F59E4FA7AFD02" box="[1270,1413,654,681]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="18.95" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" precision="9" value="-71.315834">71°18.95’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33CFC8DBE4C530BFF5E59D8FE45FD5A" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E59D8FE45FD5A" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E59D8FE9EFD67" bold="true" box="[199,353,690,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331EF96BE4C530BFEF159D9FE58FD66" box="[360,423,691,717]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E261E4BE4C530BFE2D59D9FD78FD66" box="[436,647,691,717]" country="Chile" name="Coquimbo" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Coquimbo Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Choapa Province. Records of this species represent the northernmost ones in the genus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFEF159BDFE52FD5A" box="[360,429,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="13.[152,255,1379,1403]" captionTargetBox="[152,1431,349,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-96@13.[151,1435,345,1356]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 3. Records of Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. (red dots), along with other localities studied of genus Parabalta in central Chile (blue dots). Administrative Regions (thick solid boundaries) are labeled on the right. Only relevant provinces are given flags: Choapa, Petorca, Quillota (QUILL.), Los Andes, Santiago (SANT.). Color gradient: elevation below (light brown) and above (darker brown) 1000 m a.s.l. Gray: major urban areas. Inset: location of the represented area in Chile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595847/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33CFC8DBE4C530BFF5E5990FBB8FC62" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5990FBB8FC62" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5990FDF2FCBF" bold="true" box="[199,525,762,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Diagnosis and comparisons</emphasis>
|
||
. Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4C530BFDC55991FCCEFCBE" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[604,817,763,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFDC55991FCCEFCBE" box="[604,817,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261CE6FBE4C530BFCA15991FC4BFCBE" box="[824,948,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are recognized by having a bifid apophysis on CxIV; armature of TrIV consisting of an apical prodorsal finger-like apophysis pointing upwards, and a small ax-like one on the prolateral side; a row of small apophyses following the dorsomedial one on FeIV; two large acute ventral apophyses on patella IV, and the absence of large ventral apophyses between the basal one and the distal group on TiIV. A detailed comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4C530BFDE058E1FCCEFC0E" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[633,817,907,933]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFDE058E1FCCEFC0E" box="[633,817,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Parabalta reedii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4C530BFCD758E1FC1DFC0E" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[846,994,907,933]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristobalia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFCD758E1FC1DFC0E" box="[846,994,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">P. cristobalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shown in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A49ABDBE4C530BFBF758E1FB3FFC0E" box="[1134,1216,907,933]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="10.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparison of diagnostic characters between male Parabalta bicornis comb. nov. versus P. reedii (cf. Pérez- González et al. 2022: fig. 2) and P. cristobalia (cf. Roewer 1943: pl. 2, figs. 14, 14 a)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015BFDFBD6FF7F" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" tableUuid="DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015BFDFBD6FF7F">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
(these two nominal species are closely allied, if not synonyms, so they are entered together in the table).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33CFC8DBE4C5308FF5E58B8FBE4F932" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E58B8FD70FB9E" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E58B8FE8AFC47" bold="true" box="[199,373,978,1004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFEE258B9FD3FFC47" box="[379,704,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Measurements and meristics.</emphasis>
|
||
DS length:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFCDA58B9FCA7FC46" box="[835,856,979,1005]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
7.0–8.0 mm (mean= 7.5 mm, n= 11),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFB6558B9FAEEFC46" box="[1276,1297,979,1005]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
7.0–7.9 mm (x= 7.5 mm, n= 6). Detailed measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4C530BFD5D589DFCE2FBBA" box="[708,797,1015,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFCBA589DFCC7FBBA" box="[803,824,1015,1041]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and a selected
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFC78589DFC07FBBA" box="[993,1016,1015,1041]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6A49ABDBE4C530BFB9D589DFBA6FBBA" box="[1028,1113,1014,1041]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="10.[152,244,1010,1034]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements (mm) of the neotype ♂ and a selected ♀ of Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015898FA82FBA2" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" tableUuid="DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015898FA82FBA2">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
. Tarsal formula:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFA8C589DFAD5FBBA" box="[1301,1322,1015,1041]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
6:8–9:6:6 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4C530BFF065F71FF06FB9E" box="[159,249,1051,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with 6:8:6:6), selected
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4C530BFD985F71FDE9FB9E" box="[513,534,1051,1077]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
6:7–8:6:6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5F55FDF3FBD6" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5F55FDFBFBF2" box="[199,516,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Coloration in ethanol 70%.</emphasis>
|
||
General color yellowish to brownish cinnamon, CxIV, TrIV and FeIV of males darker (somewhat more reddish).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5FEDFD71FA36" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5FEDFEE7FB0A" bold="true" box="[199,280,1159,1185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Males:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFEB95FEDFE7DFB0B" box="[288,386,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Dorsum.</emphasis>
|
||
DS
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4C530BFE2F5FEDFE19FB0A" box="[438,486,1159,1185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">type</typeStatus>
|
||
γR (gamma rotund, coda unrecognizable, embodied by the large, round mid-bulge;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFF0E5FC1FF0FFB6E" box="[151,240,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ocular mound with a pair of tall, acute apophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFCD65FC1FC5AFB6E" box="[847,933,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Front border with conic granules in a row, scattered on the frontal hump, which is lower than the ocular mound (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFC4A5FA5FBD4FB42" box="[979,1067,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
); scutum margin with a row of small round granules from the ozopore up to constriction 1, then vanishing towards area I. Lateral areas elevated, practically smooth beyond area I. Otherwise DS unarmed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFC875E7DFC89FA9A" box="[798,886,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
), faintly rugose on carapace, smooth and shiny on the rest; area I divided, areas I–IV entire. Area V, FT and dorsal anal plate have a row of flat, very faint granules, the paramedian pair slightly larger than the rest (still flat). In some specimens there is a pair of tiny and inconspicuous paramedian granules on areas III–IV as well.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5ECDFBC3F986" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5ECDFEF0FA6B" box="[199,271,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFEB85ECDFE84FA6A" box="[289,379,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior margin concave; genital and stigmatic segments delimited by faint tegumentary borders, better defined in small specimens and difficult to see in larger ones (as in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4C530BFBEB5EA1FB29FA4E" box="[1138,1238,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
); the genital part, smooth, depressed and lighter in color. Free sternites almost smooth, with row of minute granules, except for the last sternite and the ventral anal plate, which bear round granules, larger on the laterals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5D5DFBB5F9FA" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" box="[199,1098,1591,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5D5DFEB5F9FA" box="[199,330,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Chelicerae.</emphasis>
|
||
Unarmed, finely rugulose, posterior side of bulla slightly granulous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5D31FE7CF916" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5D31FEC0F9DE" box="[199,319,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Pedipalps.</emphasis>
|
||
Weak, dorsal tegument tenuously rugose. Ventral setigerous tubercles on Tr (one) and Fe (one basal, followed by a row of blunt ones); Fe with a small medial subapical spine. Pedipalp spination: LAT: Ti i_[Ii•], Ta IiIi – MED: Ti IiIi, Ta IIi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5DADFAC8F94A" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" box="[199,1335,1735,1761]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5DADFEC1F94B" box="[199,318,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Legs I–III.</emphasis>
|
||
Unarmed, tegument finely granulous; only a few large proventral apical granules on FeIII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5D81FD7BF8DA" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4C530BFF5E5D81FEEAF8AF" box="[199,277,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Leg IV.</emphasis>
|
||
CxIV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFEFC5D81FE19F8AE" box="[357,486,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Figs. 1A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) smooth to very finely granular, with a strong prolateral apophysis directed diagonally (back– and sideward); it is bifid-tipped, with dorsal branch longer, acute and posteriorly inflected, ventral branch tuberous; on the same ridge as the latter, a ventro-medial basal tuberosity. Minute conic retrolateral apophysis, not easily discernible in some larger specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4C530BFF5E5C11FA85F812" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">
|
||
TrIV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4C530BFE895C11FE65F83E" box="[272,410,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="201">Figs. 1A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) elongated, armed with a strong apical prodorsal apophysis, pointing upwards, S-curved medially and anteriad; a small ax-like prolateral apophysis on the proximal third; retrolateral surface granulous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF59FF8EBE4D530AFF015D86FEACF813" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="202" startId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" targetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4D530AFF015D86FEACF813" blockId="9.[151,1437,1772,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="202">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4D530AFF015D86FEE3F8AF" bold="true" box="[152,284,1772,1796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="202">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4D530AFEBF5D86FD6AF8AE" authority="(Gervais, 1849)" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[294,661,1772,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4D530AFEBF5D86FE16F8AF" box="[294,489,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="202">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4D530AFE635D86FD71F8AE" author="Gervais, P." box="[506,654,1772,1797]" pageId="9" pageNumber="202" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261CE6FBE4D530AFD065D86FCECF8AF" box="[671,787,1772,1796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="202" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015BFDFBD6FF7F" ID-Table-UUID="DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015BFDFBD6FF7F" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015BFDFBD6FF7F" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" startId="10.[152,244,151,175]" targetBox="[163,1425,227,934]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4E5309FF015BFDFBD6FF7F" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FF015BFDFEF1FF04" bold="true" box="[152,270,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of diagnostic characters between male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FCA25BFDFBFBFF04" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[827,1028,151,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FCA25BFDFBFBFF04" box="[827,1028,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261CE6FBE4E5309FB925BFDFB7EFF04" box="[1035,1153,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
versus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FB485BF2FAD7FF04" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1233,1320,151,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FB485BF2FAD7FF04" box="[1233,1320,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. reedii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FAA15BF2FAACFF1B" box="[1336,1363,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">cf.</emphasis>
|
||
PérezGonzález
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FE9A5BD6FEC7FF78" box="[259,312,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022: fig. 2) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FE6E5BD6FD7AFF78" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[503,645,187,211]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristobalia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FE6E5BD6FD7AFF78" box="[503,645,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. cristobalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FD0D5BD6FD50FF7F" box="[660,687,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">cf.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4E5309FD2C5BD6FCB8FF7F" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[693,839,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" pagination="12 - 68" refId="ref12253" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1943) Uber Gonyleptiden. Weitere Weberknechte (Arachn., Opil.) XI. Senckenbergiana biologica, 26 (1 - 3), 12 - 68." type="journal article" year="1943">Roewer 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 2, figs. 14, 14 a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4E5309FDD65B89FB57FC29" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<table id="F9265DA6BE4EACFCFF3A5B89FA6EFC0D" box="[163,1425,227,934]" gridcols="3" gridrows="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5B89FA6EFF50" box="[163,1425,227,251]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD65B89FC2EFF50" box="[591,977,227,251]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FDD65B89FCEFFF50" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[591,784,227,251]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FDD65B89FCEFFF50" bold="true" box="[591,784,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC625B89FA6EFF50" box="[1019,1425,227,251]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FC625B89FA6EFF50" bold="true" box="[1019,1425,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FC625B89FB5CFF50" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1019,1187,227,251]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedii">Parabalta reedii</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FB2F5B89FA6EFF50" authority="Cx IV" authorityName="Cx IV" box="[1206,1425,227,251]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristobalia">Parabalta cristobalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5A66FA6EFE8F" box="[163,1425,268,292]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5A66FDFDFE8F" box="[163,514,268,292]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Cx IV: prolateral apophysis</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD65A66FC2EFE8F" box="[591,977,268,292]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">bifid, short, diagonally oriented</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC625A66FA6EFE8F" box="[1019,1425,268,292]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">simple, curved tip, points backwards</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5A5EFA6EFE3F" box="[163,1425,308,404]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5A5EFDFDFE3F" box="[163,514,308,404]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">TrIV: prolateral apophysis</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD65A5EFC2EFE3F" box="[591,977,308,404]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">small, ax-like</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC625A5EFA6EFE3F" box="[1019,1425,308,404]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
bilobate, distal lobe is short and parallel to border (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FBFF5A33FB46FEDB" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1126,1209,344,368]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FBFF5A33FB46FEDB" box="[1126,1209,344,368]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. reedii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or large, finger-like, pointing sideways (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FB6D5A17FA84FE3F" box="[1268,1403,380,404]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristobalia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FB6D5A17FA84FE3F" box="[1268,1403,380,404]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. cristobalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5ACEFA6EFDAE" box="[163,1425,420,517]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5ACEFDFDFDAE" box="[163,514,420,517]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">TrIV: apical prodorsal finger-like apophysis</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD65ACEFC2EFDAE" box="[591,977,420,517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">large, oriented upwards, inclined medially</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC625ACEFA6EFDAE" box="[1019,1425,420,517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
oriented sideways, either short (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FADF5ACFFBCAFE4B" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FADF5ACFFBCAFE4B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. reedii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), or long and parallel to the former apophysis (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FB225A87FABEFDAF" box="[1211,1345,492,516]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristobalia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FB225A87FABEFDAF" box="[1211,1345,492,516]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. cristobalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A597FFA6EFD86" box="[163,1425,533,557]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A597FFDFDFD86" box="[163,514,533,557]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">FeIV: prodorsal basal apophyses</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD6597FFC2EFD86" box="[591,977,533,557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1–2, conic + acute granules</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC62597FFA6EFD86" box="[1019,1425,533,557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">none</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5957FA6EFD36" box="[163,1425,573,669]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5957FDFDFD36" box="[163,514,573,669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">FeIV: retrodorsal apophysis</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD65957FC2EFD36" box="[591,977,573,669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">large; followed by small apophyses of decreasing size</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC625957FA6EFD36" box="[1019,1425,573,669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
either large (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FBE55954FB30FDFE" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1148,1231,573,597]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FBE55954FB30FDFE" box="[1148,1231,573,597]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. reedii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or small (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FAA65954FB96FDD2" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristobalia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FAA65954FB96FDD2" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. cristobalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), it is only followed by granulation on the medial side
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A59C7FA6EFCA6" box="[163,1425,685,781]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A59C7FDFDFCA6" box="[163,514,685,781]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">FeIV: proventral row of tubercles / apophyses</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD659C7FC2EFCA6" box="[591,977,685,781]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">only a row of tubercles, no subapical apophysis</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC6259C7FA6EFCA6" box="[1019,1425,685,781]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">a large subapical apophysis pointing sideways, either alone or with 2–3 smaller ones in a row</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5877FA6EFC9D" box="[163,1425,797,822]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5877FDFDFC9D" box="[163,514,797,822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">PaIV: ventral acute apophyses</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD65877FC2EFC9D" box="[591,977,797,822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">two</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC625877FA6EFC9D" box="[1019,1425,797,822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
one (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FBB65874FB7EFC9E" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1071,1153,797,821]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reedii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FBB65874FB7EFC9E" box="[1071,1153,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. reedii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or two (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FB785874FA98FC9E" box="[1249,1383,797,821]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristobalia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FB785874FA98FC9E" box="[1249,1383,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">P. cristobalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A582CFA6EFC0D" box="[163,1425,838,934]" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A582CFDFDFC0D" box="[163,514,838,934]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Ti IV: ventral acute apophyses</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFDD6582CFC2EFC0D" box="[591,977,838,934]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">one basal, three distal, a large gap in between (2–3 rudimentary tubercles may exist)</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFC62582CFA6EFC0D" box="[1019,1425,838,934]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">one basal, three distal, in between one or two additional</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015898FA82FBA2" ID-Table-UUID="DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015898FA82FBA2" box="[152,1405,1010,1034]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF59FF8EBE4E5309FF015898FA82FBA2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" startId="10.[152,244,1010,1034]" targetBox="[163,1312,1052,1957]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4E5309FF015898FA82FBA2" blockId="10.[152,1405,1010,1034]" box="[152,1405,1010,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FF015898FEF1FBA1" bold="true" box="[152,270,1010,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">TABLE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (mm) of the neotype ♂ and a selected ♀ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4E5309FC1E5898FAFFFBA1" authority="(Gervais, 1849)" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[903,1280,1010,1034]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4E5309FC1E5898FBAEFBA1" box="[903,1105,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4E5309FBF95898FB07FBA1" author="Gervais, P." box="[1120,1272,1010,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261CE6FBE4E5309FA9F5898FA82FBA2" box="[1286,1405,1010,1034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4E5309FD7B5F76FB0FF80E" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<table id="F9265DA6BE4EACFCFF3A5F76FADFF80E" box="[163,1312,1052,1957]" gridcols="3" gridrows="22" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5F76FADFFBF3" box="[163,1312,1052,1112]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="203" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595F76FC8CFBF3" box="[704,883,1052,1112]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Neotype ♂ MACN-Ar 46511</th>
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55F76FADFFBF3" box="[1132,1312,1052,1112]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">♀ MACN-Ar 46513</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5F02FADFFB2B" box="[163,1312,1128,1152]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5F02FE16FB2B" box="[163,489,1128,1152]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Total length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595F02FC8CFB2B" box="[704,883,1128,1152]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">9.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55F02FADFFB2B" box="[1132,1312,1128,1152]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">9.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5FFAFADFFB03" box="[163,1312,1168,1192]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5FFAFE16FB03" box="[163,489,1168,1192]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Scutum, length / maximal width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595FFAFC8CFB03" box="[704,883,1168,1192]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">8.0 / 7.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55FFAFADFFB03" box="[1132,1312,1168,1192]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">7.4 / 6.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5FD2FADFFB7B" box="[163,1312,1208,1232]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5FD2FE16FB7B" box="[163,489,1208,1232]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Prosoma, length / width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595FD2FC8CFB7B" box="[704,883,1208,1232]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">2.8 / 3.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55FD2FADFFB7B" box="[1132,1312,1208,1232]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">2.5 / 3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5F8AFADFFB52" box="[163,1312,1248,1273]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5F8AFE16FB52" box="[163,489,1248,1273]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Leg I, total length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595F8AFC8CFB52" box="[704,883,1248,1273]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">14.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55F8AFADFFB52" box="[1132,1312,1248,1273]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">12.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5E63FADFFA8A" box="[163,1312,1289,1313]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5E63FE16FA8A" box="[163,489,1289,1313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">trochanter / femur / patella</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595E63FC8CFA8A" box="[704,883,1289,1313]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">0.9 / 3.6 / 1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55E63FADFFA8A" box="[1132,1312,1289,1313]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">0.7 / 3.3 / 1.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5E5BFADFFAE2" box="[163,1312,1329,1353]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5E5BFE16FAE2" box="[163,489,1329,1353]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">tibia / metatarsus / tarsus</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595E5BFC8CFAE2" box="[704,883,1329,1353]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">2.7 / 3.6 / 2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55E5BFADFFAE2" box="[1132,1312,1329,1353]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">2.3 / 3.1 / 1.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5E33FADFFAD9" box="[163,1312,1369,1394]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5E33FE16FAD9" box="[163,489,1369,1394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Leg II, total length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595E33FC8CFAD9" box="[704,883,1369,1394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">22.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55E33FADFFAD9" box="[1132,1312,1369,1394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">20.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5EEBFADFFA31" box="[163,1312,1409,1434]" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5EEBFE16FA31" box="[163,489,1409,1434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">trochanter / femur / patella</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595EEBFC8CFA31" box="[704,883,1409,1434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.0 / 5.9 / 1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55EEBFADFFA31" box="[1132,1312,1409,1434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.0 / 5.3 / 1.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5EC3FADFFA69" box="[163,1312,1449,1474]" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5EC3FE16FA69" box="[163,489,1449,1474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">tibia / metatarsus / tarsus</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595EC3FC8CFA69" box="[704,883,1449,1474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">4.5 / 5.4 / 4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55EC3FADFFA69" box="[1132,1312,1449,1474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">4.1 / 4.7 / 3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5EB8FADFFA41" box="[163,1312,1490,1514]" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5EB8FE16FA41" box="[163,489,1490,1514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Leg III, total length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595EB8FC8CFA41" box="[704,883,1490,1514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">19.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55EB8FADFFA41" box="[1132,1312,1490,1514]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">16.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5E90FADFF9B9" box="[163,1312,1530,1554]" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5E90FE16F9B9" box="[163,489,1530,1554]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">trochanter / femur / patella</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595E90FC8CF9B9" box="[704,883,1530,1554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.2 / 5.6 / 1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55E90FADFF9B9" box="[1132,1312,1530,1554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.0 / 4.7 / 1.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5D48FADFF991" box="[163,1312,1570,1594]" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5D48FE16F991" box="[163,489,1570,1594]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">tibia / metatarsus / tarsus</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595D48FC8CF991" box="[704,883,1570,1594]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">3.9 / 4.9 / 2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55D48FADFF991" box="[1132,1312,1570,1594]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">3.3 / 4.2 / 1.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5D21FADFF9C8" box="[163,1312,1611,1635]" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5D21FE16F9C8" box="[163,489,1611,1635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Leg IV, total length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595D21FC8CF9C8" box="[704,883,1611,1635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">27.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55D21FADFF9C8" box="[1132,1312,1611,1635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">22.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5D19FADFF920" box="[163,1312,1651,1675]" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5D19FE16F920" box="[163,489,1651,1675]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">trochanter / femur / patella</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595D19FC8CF920" box="[704,883,1651,1675]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">2.8 / 6.8 / 2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55D19FADFF920" box="[1132,1312,1651,1675]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.7 / 5.9 / 2.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5DF1FADFF918" box="[163,1312,1691,1715]" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5DF1FE16F918" box="[163,489,1691,1715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">tibia / metatarsus / tarsus</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595DF1FC8CF918" box="[704,883,1691,1715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">6.0 / 6.6 / 2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55DF1FADFF918" box="[1132,1312,1691,1715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">4.7 / 5.8 / 2.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5DA9FADFF970" box="[163,1312,1731,1755]" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5DA9FE16F970" box="[163,489,1731,1755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Pedipalp, total length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595DA9FC8CF970" box="[704,883,1731,1755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">8.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55DA9FADFF970" box="[1132,1312,1731,1755]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">7.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5D86FADFF8AF" box="[163,1312,1772,1796]" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5D86FE16F8AF" box="[163,489,1772,1796]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">trochanter / femur / patella</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595D86FC8CF8AF" box="[704,883,1772,1796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">0.8 / 2.1 / 1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55D86FADFF8AF" box="[1132,1312,1772,1796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">0.8 / 2.0 / 1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5C7EFADFF887" box="[163,1312,1812,1836]" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5C7EFE16F887" box="[163,489,1812,1836]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">tibia / tarsus / claw</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595C7EFC8CF887" box="[704,883,1812,1836]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.7 / 1.3 / 1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55C7EFADFF887" box="[1132,1312,1812,1836]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.5 / 1.2 / 1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5C56FADFF8FF" box="[163,1312,1852,1876]" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5C56FE16F8FF" box="[163,489,1852,1876]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Chelicera, chela length / width</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595C56FC8CF8FF" box="[704,883,1852,1876]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">2.5 / 1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55C56FADFF8FF" box="[1132,1312,1852,1876]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">2.3 / 0.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5C0EFADFF8D7" box="[163,1312,1892,1916]" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5C0EFE16F8D7" box="[163,489,1892,1916]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">basal part length</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595C0EFC8CF8D7" box="[704,883,1892,1916]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55C0EFADFF8D7" box="[1132,1312,1892,1916]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">0.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3516AD44BE4EACFCFF3A5CE7FADFF80E" box="[163,1312,1933,1957]" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<th id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFF3A5CE7FE16F80E" box="[163,489,1933,1957]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">Ocular mound, width / height</th>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFD595CE7FC8CF80E" box="[704,883,1933,1957]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.2 / 1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76C7C438BE4EACFCFBF55CE7FADFF80E" box="[1132,1312,1933,1957]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="10" pageNumber="203">1.1 / 0.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F5308FF5E5BFDFDC7FE06" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
FeIV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4F5308FE885BFDFE68FF1A" box="[273,407,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Figs. 1A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) granulous, gradually wider from base to apex; substraight with a slight, abrupt inflection between the first and second third. One large acute apophysis, ventro-proximal, inclined to the median line. A prodorsal row limited to the basal third formed by one (single or bifid) or two upwards pointing, moderate apophyses followed by tall granules. Upon the femur inflection, a large retrodorsal apophysis, somewhat shifted medially and slightly diagonal, either horizontal or gently curved downwards; it is continued after a small gap by a variable row of decreasing apophyses, which turn into granules up to an apical, small conic apophysis. Along the distal two thirds of FeIV, pro- and retroventral rows of tubercles to small apophyses, the former ending in a large apical unciform apophysis, the latter in a smaller one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F5308FF5E5ADDFF0BFE5E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">PaIV, ventral side with blunt grains and two apicoventral acute apophyses, the largest one placed on the midline.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F5308FF5E5A95FBACFDCA" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
TiIV sigmoid in lateral view (more accentuated and more slender in larger specimens), it bears a strong basal apophysis, slanted medially, and a distal group of three apophyses arranged in a triangle; in between 2–3 minute intermediate tubercles may exist, otherwise there is a large smooth gap (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4F5308FC59592DFBB9FDCA" box="[960,1094,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Figs. 1C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F5308FF5E5901FD13FD2E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,748,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">MeIV straight, smooth, fairly thicker than tarsus.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F5308FF5E59E5FE4EFC2A" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FF5E59E5FEFAFD03" box="[199,261,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Penis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4F5308FE8D59E5FE65FD02" box="[276,410,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1626,1650]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,485,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-181@12.[283,1303,453,1603]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov., distal end of penis (MACN-Ar 46514). A: dorsal view; B: lateral view; C: detail of VPS (rotated). Scale lines: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595845/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Figs. 2A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Trunk subterminally swollen (wider than high), with glans articulated in the same axis. VP sub-rectangular, front margin straight; it is quite flat in lateral view. Lateroapical group of 3–4 macrosetae C. Basal group displaced to the swollen sector of trunk, consisting of two large setae (A1–A2) arranged longitudinally and a small B1 more ventrally. D1 and E1–E2 minute. Glans with ‘columnar’ look, it has membranous expansions on the sides; a thick, finger-like DPG curved towards the stylus, as diagnostic for the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4F5308FBCB5875FB0CFC92" author="Acosta, L. E." box="[1106,1267,799,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" pagination="5 - 14" refId="ref10778" refString="Acosta, L. E. (1996 b) An emendation of the generic concept of Pachyloides, with the description of a new species (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae, Pachylinae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie (Memoirs XIIIth International Congress of Arachnology, Geneve), Hors serie, 1, 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">Acosta 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Stylus simple and straight, diagonal, devoid of any spination; VPS of similar length and orientation, its tip abruptly bent downwards in a spiny flat expansion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F5308FF5E58E1FC13FAD2" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FF5E58E1FE86FC0C" box="[199,377,907,935]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
Variability of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20648FBE4F5308FEFD58E6FE86FC0C" box="[356,377,908,935]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(condition found in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4F5308FD0858E1FD15FC0E" box="[657,746,907,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
marked as *N). FeIV (n=20): Sub-basal, prodorsal armature with a single conic apophysis (11/20, *N- left), two contiguous (3, *N- right), one bifid (5) or several fused in a tuberous stem (1); the brief row of smaller apophyses/tall granules that follows distad is highly variable, decreasing in size either in regular (*N) or irregular fashion; only rarely (3/20) a few conic grains proximal to the large apophysis. FeIV (n=20): Large retrodorsal apophysis, either slender (16/20, *N), very thick (2) or smaller than the row that follows (2); it is normally simple (18, *N) or may bear a small subapical branch (2); there are seldom (6/20, *N-right) one or more acute granules basal to it. TiIV (n=20): gap between ventro-basal and distal apophyses either smooth (14/20) or with 2–3 vestigial tubercles (6/20, *N). Some specimens examined of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4F5308FB715FEDFA9DFB0A" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[1256,1378,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FB715FEDFA9DFB0A" box="[1256,1378,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">P. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, like SMF RI/795 though likely not that depicted in fig. 10 (Gervais 1854), bear a pair of minute, quite imperceptible paramedian granules on areas III–IV, easier to discover in lateral view (in dorsal view they may appear not much as lighter dots). In *N these granules are overly undersized, only visible with DS completely dried out (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4F5308FAAD5F99FA71FAA6" box="[1332,1422,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="9.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,241,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[151,1435,237,1749]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parabalta bicornis (Gervais, 1849) comb. nov. A–F: Neotype ♂ (MACN-Ar 46511). A. Dorsal scutum, free tergites, coxae IV (arrow: ventro-medial tuberosity at the base of coxal apophysis), right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. B. Venter, with ventral view of coxae IV, genital and stigmatic segments, free sternites, ventral anal plate, right trochanter and femur IV. C. Right coxa, trochanter, femur, patella and tibia IV, prolateral view. D. Right patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. E–F. Ocular mound, E. posterior view, F. lateral view with anterior border of prosoma and frontal hump. Scale lines: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595843/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4F5308FF2E5E7DFE8AFA9A" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[183,373,1303,1329]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref12183" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pl. 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer’s (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescription and illustration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4F5308FD735E7DFC26FA9A" box="[746,985,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FD735E7DFC26FA9A" box="[746,985,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Lycomedes planiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the development of those granules was overstated, showing them as conic tubercles. This was much probably to justify the inclusion of the species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4F5308FF0E5E35FEECFAD2" authorityName="Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,275,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FF0E5E35FEECFAD2" box="[151,275,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Lycomedes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(later
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4F5308FEC55E35FE12FAD2" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1923" box="[348,493,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Lycomedicus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FEC55E35FE12FAD2" box="[348,493,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Lycomedicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which was diagnosed with area III ‘armed’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F5308FF5E5EE9FBE4F932" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FF5E5EE9FECDFA36" bold="true" box="[199,306,1411,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Females:</emphasis>
|
||
DS
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D11A4BE4F5308FEFD5EE9FE6BFA36" box="[356,404,1411,1437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">type</typeStatus>
|
||
α-K (alpha-keyhole, coda with divergent sides), unarmed. Lateral areas with a marginal row of round flat granules up to constriction 2. Granules on area V and FT larger than in male; on FT-I a pair of larger paramedian flat granules, on FT-II–III they become small acute apophyses (larger on FT-III). CxIV with small acute prolateral apophysis, diagonally divergent; a small retrolateral one hinders the coxal base to completely fuse with the stigmatic segment, leaving a gap. Stigmatic and genital segments clearly delimited by a tegumentary ridge. Free sternites with a row of round granules, larger than in male, especially on the laterals. TrIV with retrolateral side covered by granules. FeIV slightly curved, granose, with a small apical proventral apophysis. PaIV unarmed; TiIV straight, club-shaped, with a minute apical retroventral, spine-shaped apophysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33CFC8DBE4F530EFF5E5DC8FF0CFEEA" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE4F530FFF5E5DC8FDA3FE06" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="205" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FF5E5DC8FE05F916" bold="true" box="[199,506,1698,1725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">On the publication dates.</emphasis>
|
||
Following the current use, the date printed on the front page of volume 4 of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FF0E5DADFDDCF94A" box="[151,547,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">
|
||
Historia Física y Política de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F331EF96BE4F5308FE7F5DADFDDCF94A" box="[486,547,1735,1761]" name="Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(1849) is here accepted as valid for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE4F5308FC5E5DADFB55F94A" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[967,1194,1735,1761]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FC5E5DADFB55F94A" box="[967,1194,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">Gonyleptes bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It should be warned that volumes were not printed and delivered to subscribers in full; instead, tomes were issued in parts as soon as these were ready, meaning that every single part has its own effective date of publication. Parts are what Gay called
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FF0E5C59FEF5F8E6" box="[151,266,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">‘entregas’</emphasis>
|
||
(=livraisons, releases), consisting of a number of successive gatherings under a temporary cover, intended to be bound later in the final volume. Signatures,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FD245C3DFD20F8DB" box="[701,735,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">i.e.</emphasis>
|
||
, the marks printed to aid the binder in arranging the gatherings in the correct order, can be recognized on the bottom of the first page of each sheet. As a rule, covers of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FAA45C11FA63F83F" box="[1341,1436,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">entregas</emphasis>
|
||
were removed upon binding, save a few exceptional cases in which they were conserved (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE4F5308FB175CF5FAC8F812" author="Johnston, I. M." box="[1166,1335,1951,1977]" pageId="11" pageNumber="204" pagination="154 - 165" refId="ref11678" refString="Johnston, I. M. (1941) Bibliographic data concerning Gay's flora de Chile. Darwiniana, 5, 154 - 165." type="journal article" year="1941">Johnston 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Almost all zoological volumes consisted of four
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE4F5308FDF95CA9FD40F877" box="[608,703,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="204">entregas</emphasis>
|
||
, except for volumes 2
|
||
<figureCitation id="131DB383BE4F5308FC585CA9FBFFF876" box="[961,1024,1987,2013]" captionStart="4" captionStartId="3.[151,166,765,789]" captionText="4♂, 4♀ and 4b (Gervais 1854); +M=match, –m=mismatch (strong evidence denoted as **)." pageId="11" pageNumber="204">and 4</figureCitation>
|
||
, each formed by three (N. Evenhuis, unpublished,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFEA85BFDFE89FF1A" box="[305,374,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">in litt.</emphasis>
|
||
2024). For the botanical part,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFD435BFDFC6DFF1A" author="Johnston, I. M." box="[730,914,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="154 - 165" refId="ref11678" refString="Johnston, I. M. (1941) Bibliographic data concerning Gay's flora de Chile. Darwiniana, 5, 154 - 165." type="journal article" year="1941">Johnston (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
determined that the date on the title page on each volume represents the year when the printer began to work on it, not necessarily the date in which it became available; anyway, in most cases the printed year coincides with the date of at least the first
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFB1E5BB5FB23FF53" box="[1159,1244,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">entrega</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFB705BB5FA6FFF52" author="Johnston, I. M." box="[1257,1424,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="154 - 165" refId="ref11678" refString="Johnston, I. M. (1941) Bibliographic data concerning Gay's flora de Chile. Darwiniana, 5, 154 - 165." type="journal article" year="1941">Johnston 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This procedure can be generalized to the zoological part as well (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFC1B5A69FBCEFEB6" author="Evenhuis, N. L." box="[898,1073,258,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="40 - 45" refId="ref11316" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2015) Dates of the Diptera in Volume 7 of the Zoologia of Gay's " Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile ". Fly Times, 55, 40 - 45." type="book chapter" year="2015">Evenhuis 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE48530FFA875A69FF0CFEEA" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFA875A69FF0CFEEA" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">Gonyleptes bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, published on pages 21–22, falls within the first
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFC8F5A4DFC94FEEB" box="[790,875,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">entrega</emphasis>
|
||
of volume 4, which spans from page 1 to 188 and comprises 12 gatherings (N. Evenhuis,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFDC95A21FD6CFECE" box="[592,659,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">in litt.</emphasis>
|
||
2024). Thus, in this case we can be confident that the date printed on the front matter (1849) is that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE48530FFD905A05FD78FE22" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[521,647,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFD905A05FD78FE22" box="[521,647,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">G. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the year is also endorsed by dates extrapolated from other sources by N. Evenhuis (unpublished,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFE505AF9FDF3FE06" box="[457,524,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">in litt.</emphasis>
|
||
2024).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF59FF8EBE48530FFF015D30FD56F93D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14595845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14595845" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14595845/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" startId="12.[152,255,1626,1650]" targetBox="[309,1278,485,1580]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE48530FFF015D30FD56F93D" blockId="12.[151,1436,1626,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFF015D30FEE6F9D8" bold="true" box="[152,281,1626,1651]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE48530FFE865D31FD7AF9D8" authority="(Gervais, 1849)" authorityName="Acosta" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[287,645,1627,1651]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Parabalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFE865D31FE1FF9D8" box="[287,480,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">Parabalta bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFE745D31FD81F9D8" author="Gervais, P." box="[493,638,1627,1651]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref11529" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A261CE6FBE48530FFD155D31FD00F9D9" box="[652,767,1627,1651]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, distal end of penis (MACN-Ar 46514). A: dorsal view; B: lateral view; C: detail of VPS (rotated). Scale lines: 0.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B99AF06BE48530EFF5E5D83FF0CFEEA" blockId="12.[151,1437,1769,2012]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">
|
||
Dating of plates proved to be especially challenging (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFCA45D83FC16F8A8" author="Johnston, I. M." box="[829,1001,1769,1795]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="154 - 165" refId="ref11678" refString="Johnston, I. M. (1941) Bibliographic data concerning Gay's flora de Chile. Darwiniana, 5, 154 - 165." type="journal article" year="1941">Johnston 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). They were also issued individually, to be bound together at the end, making up the two volumes of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE48530FFC055C67FB21F88C" authority="(Sagredo Baeza 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Sagredo Baeza" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[924,1246,1805,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Atlas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFC055C67FC29F88C" box="[924,982,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">Atlas</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFC7F5C67FB29F88C" author="Sagredo Baeza, R." box="[998,1238,1805,1831]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref12290" refString="Sagredo Baeza, R. (2010) El Atlas de Gay. La representacion de una Nacion. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la historia fisica y politica de Chile, 1954, vol. 1 - 2 (facsimile). Biblioteca fundamentos de la construccion de Chile, Camara Chilena de la Construccion, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Direccion de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, LOM Ediciones, Santiago de Chile, pp. ix - lxxvi." type="book chapter" year="2010">Sagredo Baeza 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although plates were delivered together with the
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFD955C58FD8DF8E0" box="[524,626,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">entregas,</emphasis>
|
||
they were not necessarily synchronous with their reciprocal part of text (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFF065C3FFEB8F8C4" author="Johnston, I. M." box="[159,327,1877,1903]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="154 - 165" refId="ref11678" refString="Johnston, I. M. (1941) Bibliographic data concerning Gay's flora de Chile. Darwiniana, 5, 154 - 165." type="journal article" year="1941">Johnston 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). For example, the very first
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFD135C3CFD21F8C4" box="[650,734,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">entrega</emphasis>
|
||
, corresponding to the historical section, was delivered in 1844 along with two zoological plates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE48530FFD925C13FD0AF838" author="Sagredo Baeza, R." box="[523,757,1913,1939]" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref12290" refString="Sagredo Baeza, R. (2010) El Atlas de Gay. La representacion de una Nacion. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la historia fisica y politica de Chile, 1954, vol. 1 - 2 (facsimile). Biblioteca fundamentos de la construccion de Chile, Camara Chilena de la Construccion, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Direccion de Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos, LOM Ediciones, Santiago de Chile, pp. ix - lxxvi." type="book chapter" year="2010">Sagredo Baeza 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whereas the zoological text itself started being issued just in 1847. As the precise date of plates remains unknown (N. Evenhuis,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFC1C5CF4FC37F81C" box="[901,968,1949,1975]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">in litt.</emphasis>
|
||
2024), the only choice is to adopt the date printed on the title page of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE48530FFE6F5CABFDCFF870" baseAuthorityName="Sagredo Baeza" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[502,560,1985,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Atlas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFE6F5CABFDCFF870" box="[502,560,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">Atlas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1854). It has been emphasized that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C26D485BE48530FFC655CABFBC9F870" baseAuthorityName="Sagredo Baeza" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1020,1078,1985,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Atlas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE48530FFC655CABFBC9F870" box="[1020,1078,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="205">Atlas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reveals several inconsistencies, with some copies available in libraries lacking one or more plates, or containing duplicate ones; in some instances, incongruence between the reference in the text and the labels on the plate has been detected (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB7D2F7BE49530EFB2B5BD1FA70FF7E" author="Stuardo Ortiz, C." box="[1202,1423,186,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="206" pagination="152 - 178" refId="ref12622" refString="Stuardo Ortiz, C. (1953) Los Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Revista Chilena de Entomologia, 3, 152 - 178." type="journal article" year="1953">Stuardo Ortiz 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as is the case of Gervais’ (1854) ‘Arachnideos N° 1’. Readers should be also aware of the existence of a second, cheaper edition of the whole work, issued in 1866, in which all plates were printed in black,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9527314BE49530EFB555A69FB10FEB7" box="[1228,1263,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="206">i.e.</emphasis>
|
||
, no figure was colored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |