387 lines
33 KiB
XML
387 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1de248e5-4273-4db5-b0f4-ad37bf4e318e" ID-PMC="PMC6579786" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-124-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFD7FFF50C696278FE71FFFC8A2DFFEF" ID-PubMed="31231162" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3247991" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1314-2003-124-23" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 124" ModsDocTitle="Zeylanidiummanasiae, a new species of Podostemaceae based on molecular and morphological data from Kerala, India" checkinTime="1560202690414" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Krishnan, Remya, Khanduri, Priyanka & Tandon, Rajesh" docDate="2019" docId="C0C8517B158A9068D479626F3E7020E5" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 124: 23-38" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 124" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453" docTitle="Zeylanidium manasiae R. Krishnan, P. Khanduri & R. Tandon 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFD7FFF50C696278FE71FFFC8A2DFFEF" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="FFD7FFF50C696278FE71FFFC8A2DFFEF" masterDocTitle="Zeylanidium manasiae, a new species of Podostemaceae based on molecular and morphological data from Kerala, India" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1668139332249" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zeylanidium manasiae, a new species of Podostemaceae based on molecular and morphological data from Kerala, India</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Krishnan, Remya</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Khanduri, Priyanka</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tandon, Rajesh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>124</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>38</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-124-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFD7FFF50C696278FE71FFFC8A2DFFEF</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3247991</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157501056" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0C8517B158A9068D479626F3E7020E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C0C8517B158A9068D479626F3E7020E5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName LSID="F87B58FA-0C49-5D9C-B147-6696BCE259DB" authority="R. Krishnan, P. Khanduri & R. Tandon" authorityName="R. Krishnan, P. Khanduri & R. Tandon" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Zeylanidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zeylanidium manasiae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manasiae" status="sp. nov.">Zeylanidium manasiae R.Krishnan, P.Khanduri & R.Tandon</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="5" pageNumber="28">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Zeylandium manasiae A habit showing mature fruits B floral bud enclosed in spathella and subtended by two bracts C flower showing andropodium, tepals and unequal stigmatic lobes D longitudinal section of the ovary, showing unequal locules E capsule. Illustration by Rajesh Tandon." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308584" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zeylandium manasiae A habitat and habit showing plants on exposed rock surface (arrows) B habit of the plant showing solitary horizontally appressed flowering shoots C ventral surface of the thalli with haptera (arrows) D thalli bearing floriferous shoots on margins and point of branching E a young flower bud covered by bracts F floriferous shoot with flower subtended by two bracts. A pair of leaves can also be seen (arrows) G flower with spathella removed showing an anther and two tepals (arrows) H longitudinal section of floral bud enclosed in a spathella (sp). The ovary is bilocular and divided into two unequal halves by an apical septum (arrows). Numerous anatropous ovules (ov) are borne on a swollen placenta (p). One of the anthers in section shows a copious amount of dyad pollen I forked andropodium with two anthers J a mature capsule K a dehisced capsule showing persistent valve L comparative fruit morphology of congenerics. (Left to right) Z. maheshwarii, Z. lichenoides, Z. olivaceum and Z. manasiae M Comparative morphology of stigma. (Left to right) Z. maheshwarii, Z. lichenoides, Z. olivaceum and Z. manasiae. Scale bars: 2 mm (B); 3 mm (C); 2 mm (D); 1 mm (E); 2 mm (F); 0.5 mm (G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.5 mm (I); 1 mm (J); 1 mm (K); 5 mm (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308585" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Scanning electron micrographs A seed with reticulate spermoderm pattern B dyad pollen with micro-echinate ornamentation over the apertural (ap) and non apertural regions (np). Scale bars: 50 μm (A); 5 μm (B)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308586" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">, 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
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It can be distinguished from the closely related
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. lichenoides" order="Santalales" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lichenoides">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Z. lichenoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the position of floriferous shoots along the margins of thallus, two bracts per floriferous shoot, unequal stigmatic lobes, larger fruits, ellipsoidal capsule and larger seeds.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
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INDIA. Kerala: Idduki district, Thommenkuthu Waterfalls, River Kaliyar,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="21.59" value="9.955997">9°57'21.59"N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="01.87" value="76.833855">76°50'01.87"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 64 m alt., 31 Dec 2015,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">R. Krishnan & P. Khanduri</emphasis>
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8010 (holotype: DUH accession no. 14378!; isotypes: CALI accession no. 7000!, DUH accession no. 14379!)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
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Herbs rheophtytic, annual. Thallus 3.79
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.44 mm wide, green to yellow, ribbon-shaped, dorsiventrally flattened, dichotomously branched, attached to the substrate by disc-shaped haptera, 1.14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.92 mm diam. Leaves produced at the margins and sinuses/branch points of the thallus, in pairs, caducous; blades 2.5-6.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.26
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.03 mm, subulate, flattened, lacking a midrib. Floriferous shoots produced both marginally and at the branch points of the thallus, solitary, horizontally appressed to the thallus, composed of 2 subulate bracts subtending a single flower, successive shoots 3.56
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.87 mm apart; bracts 2.25-8.20 mm long, caducous, with long caducous apices. Spathella 1.98
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.30 mm long, obovoid, membranous, non-vascularised, persistent, enveloping the flower at pre-anthesis, rupturing longitudinally or irregularly at anthesis. Flowers green, bisexual, zygomorphic, achlamydeous, erect; pedicel measuring 8.32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.32 mm long in a mature flower; tepals 2, one on either side of the andropodium, 0.83
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.21 mm long, filiform; stamens 2, borne on an andropodium, 0.74
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.15 mm long at anthesis, elongating to 3.67
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.74 mm long at post-anthesis, branched approximately
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
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from the apex, each branch measuring 0.13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04 mm long at anthesis, elongating to 0.80
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.10 mm long at post-anthesis, anthers 0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.06
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.37
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.12 mm, quadrangular, base bilobed, lobes subequal, dehiscence introrsely rimose; 4273
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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941 pollen dyads per flower, 30.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.42
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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19.62
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.99
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, tricolpate, microechinate; gynoecium bicarpellate, syncarpic, ovary 2.07
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.28 mm long, ellipsoidal, anisolobous, membranous septum separating two unequal locules, ovules 78
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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14, anatropous, borne on a swollen axile placenta, style absent, stigma bifid, stigmatic lobes unequal, subconical, the longer 0.48
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.06
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.01 mm, the shorter 0.42
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.06
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.08
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.01 mm. Capsule dehiscent,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="29" start="start">loculicidal</pageBreakToken>
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capsule measuring 1.96
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.84
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.10 mm and pedicel elongates to 15.55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.21 mm, bivalved, brown, ellipsoidal, longitudinally ridged, ridges 6, 3 on each valve, one valve persistent, the other deciduous. Seeds 60
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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15.50 per capsule, 248.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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12.70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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136
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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8.90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, spermoderm reticulate, cells rectangular with wavy striations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="29" type="anatomy">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Anatomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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Floral parts of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. manasiae" order="Santalales" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="manasiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Z. manasiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were anatomically investigated. The spathella is non-vascularised and consists of thick-walled polygonal cells. The anthers are of bithecous type, have secretory tapetum and each locule contains pollen dyads. The ovary is pluriovulate and divided into two unequal locules by an apical septum. The ovules are anatropous, bitegmic and tenuinucellate that are borne on a bulbous axile placenta (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Zeylandium manasiae A habit showing mature fruits B floral bud enclosed in spathella and subtended by two bracts C flower showing andropodium, tepals and unequal stigmatic lobes D longitudinal section of the ovary, showing unequal locules E capsule. Illustration by Rajesh Tandon." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308584" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">2H</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="3248096" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308584" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="Zeylandium" lsidName="Zeylandium manasiae" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="manasiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Zeylandium manasiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
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habit showing mature fruits
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
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floral bud enclosed in spathella and subtended by two bracts
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
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flower showing andropodium, tepals and unequal stigmatic lobes
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">D</emphasis>
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longitudinal section of the ovary, showing unequal locules
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">E</emphasis>
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capsule. Illustration by Rajesh Tandon.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" type="palynology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Palynology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
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The dyads of
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. manasiae" order="Santalales" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="manasiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Z. manasiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are of the acalymmate type and measure 30.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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2.41
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in length and 19.62
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.99
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in width. Individual pollen grains
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="30" start="start">are</pageBreakToken>
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sub-prolate in shape with tricolpate aperture. The exine wall has microechinate ornamentation. The echinations on the apertural surface are larger than those on the non-apertural surface (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zeylandium manasiae A habitat and habit showing plants on exposed rock surface (arrows) B habit of the plant showing solitary horizontally appressed flowering shoots C ventral surface of the thalli with haptera (arrows) D thalli bearing floriferous shoots on margins and point of branching E a young flower bud covered by bracts F floriferous shoot with flower subtended by two bracts. A pair of leaves can also be seen (arrows) G flower with spathella removed showing an anther and two tepals (arrows) H longitudinal section of floral bud enclosed in a spathella (sp). The ovary is bilocular and divided into two unequal halves by an apical septum (arrows). Numerous anatropous ovules (ov) are borne on a swollen placenta (p). One of the anthers in section shows a copious amount of dyad pollen I forked andropodium with two anthers J a mature capsule K a dehisced capsule showing persistent valve L comparative fruit morphology of congenerics. (Left to right) Z. maheshwarii, Z. lichenoides, Z. olivaceum and Z. manasiae M Comparative morphology of stigma. (Left to right) Z. maheshwarii, Z. lichenoides, Z. olivaceum and Z. manasiae. Scale bars: 2 mm (B); 3 mm (C); 2 mm (D); 1 mm (E); 2 mm (F); 0.5 mm (G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.5 mm (I); 1 mm (J); 1 mm (K); 5 mm (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308585" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">3B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="3248098" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308585" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="Zeylandium" lsidName="Zeylandium manasiae" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="manasiae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Zeylandium manasiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
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habitat and habit showing plants on exposed rock surface (arrows)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
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habit of the plant showing solitary horizontally appressed flowering shoots
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
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ventral surface of the thalli with haptera (arrows)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">D</emphasis>
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thalli bearing floriferous shoots on margins and point of branching
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">E</emphasis>
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a young flower bud covered by bracts
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">F</emphasis>
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floriferous shoot with flower subtended by two bracts. A pair of leaves can also be seen (arrows)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">G</emphasis>
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flower with spathella removed showing an anther and two tepals (arrows)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H</emphasis>
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longitudinal section of floral bud enclosed in a spathella (sp). The ovary is bilocular and divided into two unequal halves by an apical septum (arrows). Numerous anatropous ovules (ov) are borne on a swollen placenta (p). One of the anthers in section shows a copious amount of dyad pollen
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">I</emphasis>
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forked andropodium with two anthers
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">J</emphasis>
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a mature capsule
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">K</emphasis>
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a dehisced capsule showing persistent valve
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">L</emphasis>
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comparative fruit morphology of congenerics. (Left to right)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. maheshwarii" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="maheshwarii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. maheshwarii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. lichenoides" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lichenoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. lichenoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. olivaceum" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="olivaceum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. olivaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. manasiae" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="manasiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. manasiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">M</emphasis>
|
||
Comparative morphology of stigma. (Left to right)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. maheshwarii" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="maheshwarii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. maheshwarii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. lichenoides" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lichenoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. lichenoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. olivaceum" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="olivaceum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. olivaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. manasiae" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="manasiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. manasiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars: 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
|
||
); 3 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
|
||
); 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">D</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">E</emphasis>
|
||
); 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">F</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">G</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">I</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">J</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">K</emphasis>
|
||
); 5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">L</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="additional specimens seen (paratypes)">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Additional specimens seen (paratypes).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
INDIA. Kerala: Idduki district, Thommenkuthu Waterfalls, River Kaliyar,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="9.9">9°54'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="76.76667">76°46'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 64 m alt., 23 Dec 2016,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">R. Krishnan</emphasis>
|
||
8080, (DUH accession no. 14380!). The same locality, 25 Dec 2016,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">R. Krishnan</emphasis>
|
||
8081 (DUH accession no.14381!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The specific epithet
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘manasiae’">
|
||
'
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">manasiae</emphasis>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
' honours the late Dr. Manasi Ram
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="née">nee</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ghosh for her contributions to the study of embryology and systematics of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Santalaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ghosh, M" journalOrPublisher="Current Science" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" refId="B9" refString="Ghosh, M, 1956. Morphological and Embryological Studies in the Santalaceae. PhD Thesis, University of Delhi, India." title="Morphological and Embryological Studies in the Santalaceae. PhD Thesis, University of Delhi, India." year="1956">Ghosh 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Trapa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trapa" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Trapa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lythraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ghosh, M" journalOrPublisher="Current Science" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" pagination="24 - 26" publicationUrl="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24053819" refId="B8" refString="Ghosh, M, 1954. The embryology and systematic position of Trapa bispinosa Roxb. Current Science 23 (1): 24 - 26, https://www.jstor.org/stable/24053819" title="The embryology and systematic position of Trapa bispinosa Roxb." url="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24053819" volume="23" year="1954">Ghosh 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R. Krishnan, P. Khanduri & R. Tandon" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Zeylanidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zeylanidium manasiae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manasiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Zeylanidium manasiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highly endemic and is known from only one location so far, i.e. Thommenkuthu waterfalls (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution map of Zeylandium manasiae (red dot). Thommenkuthu Waterfalls, Idukki, Kerala (Map constructed using ArcGIS 9.2 software)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308583" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">1</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Zeylandium manasiae A habitat and habit showing plants on exposed rock surface (arrows) B habit of the plant showing solitary horizontally appressed flowering shoots C ventral surface of the thalli with haptera (arrows) D thalli bearing floriferous shoots on margins and point of branching E a young flower bud covered by bracts F floriferous shoot with flower subtended by two bracts. A pair of leaves can also be seen (arrows) G flower with spathella removed showing an anther and two tepals (arrows) H longitudinal section of floral bud enclosed in a spathella (sp). The ovary is bilocular and divided into two unequal halves by an apical septum (arrows). Numerous anatropous ovules (ov) are borne on a swollen placenta (p). One of the anthers in section shows a copious amount of dyad pollen I forked andropodium with two anthers J a mature capsule K a dehisced capsule showing persistent valve L comparative fruit morphology of congenerics. (Left to right) Z. maheshwarii, Z. lichenoides, Z. olivaceum and Z. manasiae M Comparative morphology of stigma. (Left to right) Z. maheshwarii, Z. lichenoides, Z. olivaceum and Z. manasiae. Scale bars: 2 mm (B); 3 mm (C); 2 mm (D); 1 mm (E); 2 mm (F); 0.5 mm (G); 0.2 mm (H); 0.5 mm (I); 1 mm (J); 1 mm (K); 5 mm (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.124.33453.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/308585" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to a previous report, rocks of this waterfall are hornblende biotite gneiss type (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Girija, KD" journalOrPublisher="Current Science" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" refId="B10" refString="Girija, KD, 2008. Ecological and phytochemical studies in the family Podostemaceae. PhD Thesis, Mahatma Gandhi University, India." title="Ecological and phytochemical studies in the family Podostemaceae. PhD Thesis, Mahatma Gandhi University, India." year="2008">Girija 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(95)01003-3" author="Mathew, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Aquatic Botany" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" pagination="73 - 78" refId="B22" refString="Mathew, CJ, Satheesh, VK, 1996. Zeylanidium maheshwarii - a new species of the family Podostemaceae from India. Aquatic Botany 54 (1): 73 - 78, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(95)01003-3" title="Zeylanidium maheshwarii - a new species of the family Podostemaceae from India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(95)01003-3" volume="54" year="1996">Mathew and Satheesh (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, water in Kaliyar River is well-oxygenated hard water with low chloride content.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R. Krishnan, P. Khanduri & R. Tandon" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Zeylanidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zeylanidium manasiae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manasiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Zeylanidium manasiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows along with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. lichenoides" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lichenoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. lichenoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Santalaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Z. sessile" order="Santalales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sessile">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Z. sessile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Diatoms (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Cymbellaceae" genus="Cymbella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cymbella" order="Cymbellales" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Cymbella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
C.Agardh species) were also observed forming colonies on the spathella of some of the plants.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
This species is currently known to occur from a single location in Kerala and, hence, we suggest its placement in the Data Deficient category of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" refId="B12" refString="IUCN, 2017. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" year="2017">IUCN (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Flowering and fruiting occurs from December to January when the water level recedes to partly expose the rocks.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |