268 lines
21 KiB
XML
268 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.225.3721" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1301ded3-c86d-4e07-aae6-dd84e348cd25" ID-PMC="PMC3487652" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-225-1" ID-PubMed="23166461" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-225-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 225" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the genus Planinasus Cresson (Diptera, Periscelididae)" checkinTime="1451248711591" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N., Rung, Alessandra & Kotrba, Marion" docDate="2012" docId="6A53ED945F246C62F701BE5DFB3DFF61" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 225: 1-83" docOrigin="ZooKeys 225" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.225.3721" docTitle="Planinasus ambiguus Cresson" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="5C00FF9EFFDAFF805469564E9829FF97" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genus Planinasus Cresson (Diptera, Periscelididae)" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1668154510379" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the genus Planinasus Cresson (Diptera, Periscelididae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rung, Alessandra</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kotrba, Marion</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>225</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>83</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.225.3721</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.225.3721</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-225-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037211" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A53ED945F246C62F701BE5DFB3DFF61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A53ED945F246C62F701BE5DFB3DFF61" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">2</pageBreakToken>
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.
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Planinasus_ambiguus" authority="Cresson" class="Insecta" family="Periscelididae" genus="Planinasus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Planinasus ambiguus" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">Planinasus ambiguus Cresson</taxonomicName>
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Figures 6-14
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Periscelididae" genus="Planinasus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Planinasus ambiguus" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">Planinasus ambiguus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Cresson, ET Jr" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="241 - 250" title="Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. I." volume="25" year="1914">Cresson 1914</bibRefCitation>
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: 246.
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<bibRefCitation author="Hennig, W" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="589 - 633" title="Neue Gattungen und Arten der Acalyptratae." url="10.4039/Ent101589-6" volume="101" year="1969">Hennig 1969</bibRefCitation>
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: 615 [list, Peru].
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<bibRefCitation pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mathis and Rung 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 363 [world catalog].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Moderately small to medium-sized flies, body length 2.35-3.10 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Head (Figs 6-7): Head ratio 0.66-0.73; frons mostly bare, shiny, except for densely microtomentose, velvety-appearing, anterolateral angles; frons wider than long, frontal ratio 0.47-0.51; interfrontal seta short, about 1/2 length of lateral vertical seta. Antenna unicolorous, blackish brown; pedicel with ventral projection short, not extended anteriorly much beyond dorsal margin; basal flagellomere short, height about 2/3 length; arista bearing 8-9 dorsal rays, 3-4 ventral rays. Face comparatively narrow; facial ratio 0.33-0.39; dorsal half of face shield-like, mostly bare, roughly pentagonal, with yellowish to slightly bluish reflections; facial setae more or less in 2-3 transverse rows (usually 2), dorsal row with 4 setae: a medial pair of setae, these approximate, dorsoclinate, sometimes cruciate toward apices; next seta of dorsal row porrect to ventroclinate; middle row with 2 setae (if present), porrect to ventroclinate; ventral facial row with 4 ventroclinate setae. Clypeus and palpus blackish brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Thorax (Fig. 8): Generally dark brown but with some paler, mostly yellowish areas along margins of sclerites; mesonotum moderately invested with whitish gray microtomentum, appearing dull medially, becoming subshiny, less microtomentose laterally; postpronotum yellowish; area from postpronotum and through notopleuron mostly bare, shiny; anepisternum moderately invested with very fine microtomentum, mostly appearing dull, bearing 1 large seta at posterior margin; other pleural areas less densely invested. Wing very faintly infumate, without pattern. Coxae whitish yellow; femora whitish yellow basally, distal 1/2-1/3 dark brown; forefemur lacking a preapical annulus; basal 1/3 of tibiae dark brown, thereafter gradually becoming yellowish; tarsi yellowish, apical 2-3 tarsomeres darker; forefemur bearing 2 setae at apical 1/3 along posteroventral surface.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Abdomen: Uniformly blackish brown, mostly subshiny, moderately invested with microtomentum. Male abdomen: Tergites 1+2-6 well developed, lengths of tergites 3-6 subequal; sternite 4 deeply emarginate along posterior margin; sternite 5 with posterior margin moderately deeply emarginate; sternite 6 well sclerotized and developed with width twice length, posterior margin with narrow notch medially, thereafter laterally forming 2 bluntly rounded, wide lobes; sternite 7 narrow, forming an annulus with tergite 7. Male terminalia (Figs 9-13): Epandrium in lateral view (Fig. 9) approximately trapezoidal, dorsal margin truncate, straight, slightly more than half length of shallowly arched ventral margin, in posterior view as a broad, inverted U, cercal cavity oval; surstylus as long as epandrium, extended from ventromedial margin of epandrium in nearly vertical alignment with it, in lateral view (Fig. 9) thumb-
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">like</pageBreakToken>
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, apex bluntly rounded to truncate, in posterior view (Figs 10) fused medially then bifurcate apically, forming more or less an X, each digitiform, divergent process rounded, length slightly more than width, bearing marginal setulae; hypandrium in
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">ventral</pageBreakToken>
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view (Fig. 11) U-shaped with anterior portion of mostly uniform width; postgonite in ventral view (Fig. 11) convoluted, with robustly developed lobe expanded apically, clavate, bearing numerous setulae, especially apically, in lateral view (Fig. 13) lobe with greatly expanded apical portion, apex somewhat truncate, bearing more
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">than</pageBreakToken>
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20 setulae; phallus large, in ventral view (Fig. 11) complex, mostly sclerotized; phallapodeme in lateral and ventral views (Figs 11, 13) elongate, tubular, sinuous, rounded apically; ejaculatory apodeme in lateral view (Fig. 12) large, about 1/4 longer than length of phallapodeme, apical half greatly expanded, fan-like, basal half narrow, stem-like but slightly expanded toward base.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figures 6-8. Illustrations of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Periscelididae" genus="Planinasus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Planinasus ambiguus" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">Planinasus ambiguus</taxonomicName>
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Cresson (male). 6 head, anterior view 7 same, lateral view 8 thorax, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figures 9-13. Illustrations of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Periscelididae" genus="Planinasus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Planinasus ambiguus" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">Planinasus ambiguus</taxonomicName>
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Cresson (male). 9 epandrium, surstylus, hypandrium, lateral view 10 same, posterior view 11 epandrium, hypandrium, and internal structures of male terminalia, ventral view 12 ejaculatory apodeme, lateral view 13 internal structures of male terminalia, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Figure 14. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Periscelididae" genus="Planinasus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Planinasus ambiguus" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">Planinasus ambiguus</taxonomicName>
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Cresson.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">The holotype male is labeled "Cachi C[osta] R[ica][,] 9 III 1910 [9 Mar 1910][,] P P Calvert/Valley of Rio Naranjo/HoloTYPE 6069 [pink]/475 ♂/TYPE No. 6064 [number written across right end of label] Planinasus AMBIGUUS E.T.Cresson,Jr. [pink; species name and number handwritten]." The holotype is double mounted (minuten pin in rectangular card block), is in moderately poor condition (wings glued together), and is deposited in the ANSP (6069).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Costa Rica. Cartago:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cachí">Cachi</normalizedToken>
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, Valley of Rio Naranjo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="9.826667">09°49.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-83.8">83°48'W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="other specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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BELIZE. Stann Creek: Cockscomb Basin Wildlife Sanctuary (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.783333">16°47'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.5">88°30'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 5-6 Apr 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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COSTA RICA. Cartago: La Suiza (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="9.858334">9°51.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-83.625">83°37.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 24 Mar, P. Schild (1♂; USNM). Guanacaste: Pitilla (9 km S Santa Cecilia;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="10.991667">10°59.5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-85.43">85°25.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 700 m), Mar 1991, 1994, C. Moraga, P.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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(1♂, 2♀; INBIO). Puntarenas: San Pedrillo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="8.62">8°37.2'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-83.735">83°44.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 12-14 Aug 2001, D. and W.N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="RioSParaíso">RioSParaiso</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="9.5633335">09°33.8'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-84.12334">84°7.4'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 15-17 Feb 2003, W. N. Mathis (21♂, 7♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">ECUADOR</pageBreakToken>
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. Pichincha: Santo Domingo de los Colorados, Tinalandia (16 km SE;
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-0.265">0°15.9'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-79.16333">79°9.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 680 m), 15-30 May 1975, S. Peck (1♀; CNC).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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GUATEMALA. Alta Verapaz:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tamahú">Tamahu</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.31">15°18.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-90.236664">90°14.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 25 May 1926, J. M. Aldrich (3♂, 4♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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MEXICO. Chiapas: Union Juarez (3 km S;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.046667">15°02.8'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-92.08833">92°05.3'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 23 Apr 1983, W. N. Mathis (4♂; USNM); Finca Prusia (33 km S Jaltenango;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="15.816667">15°49'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-92.7">92°42'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1000 m), 12 May 1985, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 4♀; USNM); Huixtla (32-40.5 km NE;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="15.4383335">15°26.3'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-92.113335">92°06.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 3 Jun 1969, H. J. Teskey (2♂; CNC).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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PERU.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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: Las Palmas (1 km N;
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-9.44">09°26.4'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-75.96667">75°58'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 8 Feb 1984, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Tingo Maria (6 km S;
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-9.378333">09°22.7'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-75.975">75°58.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 8 Feb 1984, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Madre de Dios:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Manu, Erika (near
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Salvación">Salvacion</normalizedToken>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-12.845">12°50.7'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.388336">71°23.3'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 550 m), 5-6 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (15♂, 8♀; USNM);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Manu, Pakitza (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-11.943334">11°56.6'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.28167">71°16.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 250 m), 9-23 Sep 1988, A. Freidberg, W. N. Mathis (2♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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TRINIDAD and TOBAGO. Tobago. St. John: Charlottville (2 km S, water treatment plant;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.316667">11°19'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.55">60°33'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 10 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Parlatuvier (creek;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="11.298333">11°17.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.583332">60°35'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 20 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (12♂, 10♀; USNM). St. Paul: Argyle Falls (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.25">11°15'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.583332">60°35'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 21 Apr 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Roxborough (6.5 km N;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.283334">11°17'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.583332">60°35'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 14 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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VENEZUELA. Aragua: H. Pittier Nacional Parque (6 km N Rancho Grande Biological Station;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="10.353333">10°21.2'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-67.715">67°42.9'W</geoCoordinate>
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; along stream), 28 Feb 1995, S. A. Marshall (1♂; DEBU); Portachuelo Pass (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="10.045">10°02.7'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-67.55">67°33'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 16 Aug 1967, R. W. Poole (1♂; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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(Fig. 14). Neotropical: Belize, Costa Rica (Cartago, Guanacaste, Puntarenas, San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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), Ecuador (Pichincha), Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas), Peru (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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, Madre de Dios), Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (Aragua).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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This widespread species was previously known only from Costa Rica and Peru (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hennig, W" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="589 - 633" title="Neue Gattungen und Arten der Acalyptratae." url="10.4039/Ent101589-6" volume="101" year="1969">Hennig 1969</bibRefCitation>
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|
) and is here recorded from as far north as Chiapas, Mexico, and to the south as far as Peru (Madre de Dios). This species can be easily confounded with the other two species in the ambiguus group based on external characters, but characters of the male terminalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Periscelididae" genus="Planinasus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Planinasus ambiguus" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguus">Planinasus ambiguus</taxonomicName>
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unambiguously diagnose this species. See
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Remarks”">"Remarks"</normalizedToken>
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|
under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Periscelididae" genus="Planinasus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Planinasus aenigmaticus" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenigmaticus">Planinasus aenigmaticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. for further discussion.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |