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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5823c6c8-5310-4953-af11-875aa0d7883e" ID-PMC="PMC7642131" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-980-119" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6" ID-PubMed="33192141" ID-ZooBank="7EFBE806533A4C119810262270E91835" ModsDocID="1313-2970-980-119" checkinTime="1603925100743" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Burckhardt, Daniel, Cort, Giulia Dalle &amp; Queiroz, Dalva Luiz de" docDate="2020" docId="237C81A645D75E59AB00F5926A8257D8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 980: 119-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 980" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807" docTitle="Aphalara persicaria Caldwell 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6" lastPageNumber="119" masterDocId="3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6" masterDocTitle="Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="119" updateTime="1668169657862" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Burckhardt, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8368-5268</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">daniel.burckhardt@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Cort, Giulia Dalle</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Queiroz, Dalva Luiz de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>980</mods:number>
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<mods:start>119</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-980-119</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">7EFBE806533A4C119810262270E91835</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3BD187813EFA54F6AB4D942B7498B9D6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168653281" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:237C81A645D75E59AB00F5926A8257D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/237C81A645D75E59AB00F5926A8257D8" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName LSID="237C81A6-45D7-5E59-AB00-F5926A8257D8" authority="Caldwell, 1937" authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Aphalara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphalara persicaria" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicaria">Aphalara persicaria Caldwell, 1937</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Forewing of Aphalara spp. A-D, I, J Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. E-H, M, N Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. K, L Aphalara persicaria Caldwell A, B, E, F, I, K, M male C, D, G, H, J, L, N female A, C, E, G venation B, D, F, H surface spinules I-N details of surface spinules. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-H); 0.2 mm (I-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468339" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Figures 5K, L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male terminalia of Aphalara spp. A-D Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. E-H Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. I, J Aphalara persicaria Caldwell K, L Aphalara simila Caldwell A, B, E, F, I, K inner face of paramere, in profile; arrows point to apico-posterior lobe / angle C, D, G, H, J, L distal portion of aedeagus, in profile. Scale bar: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468340" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">, 6I, J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female terminalia of Aphalara spp. A, B, I Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. C, D, J Aphalara persicaria Caldwell E, F, K Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. G, H, L Aphalara simila Caldwell A, C, E, G female terminalia, in profile B, D, F, H valvulae dorsales and ventrales, in profile I-L circumanal ring, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C, E, G, I-L); 0.05 mm (B, D, F, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468341" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">, 7C, D, J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Aphalara spp. A, D, G Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. B, C, F, I Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. E, H Aphalara persicaria Caldwell A, B female subgenital plate, in ventral view; arrow points to apex C tarsus with arolium and claws of immature D-F fifth instar immature, left body side G-I circumanal ring of fifth instar immature; arrows point to antero-lateral edge and postero-lateral margin. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D-F); 0.1 mm (G-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468342" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">, 8E, H</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Aphalara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphalara persicaria" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicaria">Aphalara persicaria</taxonomicName>
Caldwell, 1937: 565;
<bibRefCitation author="Caldwell, JS" journalOrPublisher="Ohio Biological Survey, Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="228 - 281" refId="B6" refString="Caldwell, JS, 1938a. The jumping plant-lice of Ohio (Homoptera: Chermidae). Ohio Biological Survey, Bulletin 34 (6): 228 - 281" title="The jumping plant-lice of Ohio (Homoptera: Chermidae)." volume="34" year="1938 a">Caldwell (1938a)</bibRefCitation>
: 237;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938800770751" author="Hodkinson, ID" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="1179 - 1243" refId="B12" refString="Hodkinson, ID, 1988. The Nearctic Psylloidea (Insecta: Homoptera): an annotated check list. Journal of Natural History 22: 1179 - 1243, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938800770751" title="The Nearctic Psylloidea (Insecta: Homoptera): an annotated check list." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938800770751" volume="22" year="1988">Hodkinson (1988)</bibRefCitation>
: 1182;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00088" author="Burckhardt, D" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="271 - 305" refId="B4" refString="Burckhardt, D, Lauterer, P, 1997. Systematics and biology of the Aphalara exilis (Weber and Mohr) species assemblage (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 28: 271 - 305, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00088" title="Systematics and biology of the Aphalara exilis (Weber and Mohr) species assemblage (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00088" volume="28" year="1997">Burckhardt and Lauterer (1997)</bibRefCitation>
: 305;
<bibRefCitation author="Halbert, SE" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 88" refId="B10" refString="Halbert, SE, Burckhardt, D, 2020. The psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Florida: newly established and rarely collected taxa and checklist. Insecta Mundi 0788: 1 - 88" title="The psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Florida: newly established and rarely collected taxa and checklist." volume="0788" year="2020">Halbert and Burckhardt (2020)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Aphalara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphalara persicaria subsp. var. var. cubana" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="persicaria" subSpecies="var." variety="cubana">Aphalara persicaria var. cubana</taxonomicName>
Caldwell, 1937: 565;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938800770751" author="Hodkinson, ID" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="1179 - 1243" refId="B12" refString="Hodkinson, ID, 1988. The Nearctic Psylloidea (Insecta: Homoptera): an annotated check list. Journal of Natural History 22: 1179 - 1243, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938800770751" title="The Nearctic Psylloidea (Insecta: Homoptera): an annotated check list." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938800770751" volume="22" year="1988">Hodkinson (1988)</bibRefCitation>
: 1182;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00088" author="Burckhardt, D" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="271 - 305" refId="B4" refString="Burckhardt, D, Lauterer, P, 1997. Systematics and biology of the Aphalara exilis (Weber and Mohr) species assemblage (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 28: 271 - 305, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00088" title="Systematics and biology of the Aphalara exilis (Weber and Mohr) species assemblage (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/187631297X00088" volume="28" year="1997">Burckhardt and Lauterer (1997)</bibRefCitation>
: 305.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
Cuba • ♂ holotype, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ paratypes of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Caldwell" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Aphalaridae" genus="Aphalara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphalara persicaria subsp. var. var. cubana" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="persicaria" subSpecies="var." variety="cubana">Aphalara persicaria var. cubana</taxonomicName>
; Havana;
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.1005" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="23.1005">23.1005</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.3611" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.3611">-82.3611</geoCoordinate>
; 40 m a.s.l.; Baker leg.; USNM, dry mounted. Mexico • 1 ♀; TLA, Nanacamilpa, San Felipe Hidalgo; 19.4573/4678, -98.5615/5671, 2800-2890 m a.s.l.; 15 Jul. 2015; D. Burckhardt &amp; D.L. Queiroz leg.;
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Persicaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Persicaria hydropiperoides" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hydropiperoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Persicaria hydropiperoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; #15-19(1); NMB-PSYLL0004616; NHMB, dry mounted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Adults.</emphasis>
General body colour orange to light brown. Forewing with brown apical part of clavus. Head with small anteorbital tubercles; anterior tubercles small, rounded; outer anterior margin strongly concave. Clypeus long, tubular, visible in dorsal view. Forewing 2.5-2.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; surface spinules fine, forming irregular squares or rhombi; in males often leaving narrow spinule-free stripes along veins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Forewing of Aphalara spp. A-D, I, J Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. E-H, M, N Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. K, L Aphalara persicaria Caldwell A, B, E, F, I, K, M male C, D, G, H, J, L, N female A, C, E, G venation B, D, F, H surface spinules I-N details of surface spinules. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-H); 0.2 mm (I-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468339" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">5K</figureCitation>
), in females usually covering the entire wing membrane up to veins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Forewing of Aphalara spp. A-D, I, J Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. E-H, M, N Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. K, L Aphalara persicaria Caldwell A, B, E, F, I, K, M male C, D, G, H, J, L, N female A, C, E, G venation B, D, F, H surface spinules I-N details of surface spinules. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-H); 0.2 mm (I-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468339" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">5L</figureCitation>
). Paramere, in lateral view, lamellar, straight, only weakly narrowed in the middle; dorsal margin sclerotised, straight or weakly curved; thumb-like process near antero-apical edge, short, narrow and weakly curved (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male terminalia of Aphalara spp. A-D Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. E-H Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. I, J Aphalara persicaria Caldwell K, L Aphalara simila Caldwell A, B, E, F, I, K inner face of paramere, in profile; arrows point to apico-posterior lobe / angle C, D, G, H, J, L distal portion of aedeagus, in profile. Scale bar: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468340" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">6I</figureCitation>
). Distal portion of aedeagus with straight shaft and inflated apical third that bears an antero-apical hook of variable length (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male terminalia of Aphalara spp. A-D Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. E-H Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. I, J Aphalara persicaria Caldwell K, L Aphalara simila Caldwell A, B, E, F, I, K inner face of paramere, in profile; arrows point to apico-posterior lobe / angle C, D, G, H, J, L distal portion of aedeagus, in profile. Scale bar: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468340" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">6J</figureCitation>
). Female proctiger, in lateral view, incised distal to circumanal ring (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female terminalia of Aphalara spp. A, B, I Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. C, D, J Aphalara persicaria Caldwell E, F, K Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. G, H, L Aphalara simila Caldwell A, C, E, G female terminalia, in profile B, D, F, H valvulae dorsales and ventrales, in profile I-L circumanal ring, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C, E, G, I-L); 0.05 mm (B, D, F, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468341" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">7C</figureCitation>
), which is strongly expanded caudally (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female terminalia of Aphalara spp. A, B, I Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. C, D, J Aphalara persicaria Caldwell E, F, K Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. G, H, L Aphalara simila Caldwell A, C, E, G female terminalia, in profile B, D, F, H valvulae dorsales and ventrales, in profile I-L circumanal ring, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C, E, G, I-L); 0.05 mm (B, D, F, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468341" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">7J</figureCitation>
). Dorsal margin of valvula dorsalis almost straight (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female terminalia of Aphalara spp. A, B, I Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. C, D, J Aphalara persicaria Caldwell E, F, K Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. G, H, L Aphalara simila Caldwell A, C, E, G female terminalia, in profile B, D, F, H valvulae dorsales and ventrales, in profile I-L circumanal ring, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C, E, G, I-L); 0.05 mm (B, D, F, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468341" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">7D</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Fifth instar immatures.</emphasis>
Body (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Aphalara spp. A, D, G Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. B, C, F, I Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. E, H Aphalara persicaria Caldwell A, B female subgenital plate, in ventral view; arrow points to apex C tarsus with arolium and claws of immature D-F fifth instar immature, left body side G-I circumanal ring of fifth instar immature; arrows point to antero-lateral edge and postero-lateral margin. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D-F); 0.1 mm (G-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468342" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">8E</figureCitation>
) 1.6-1.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Forewing pads narrow, humeral lobes broadly rounded; small lanceolate setae present along margin but not on dorsum. Caudal plate narrowly rounded; lanceolate setae present along margin, approximately as long as distance between them. Outer circumanal ring rounded laterally (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Aphalara spp. A, D, G Aphalara ortegae sp. nov. B, C, F, I Aphalara ritteri sp. nov. E, H Aphalara persicaria Caldwell A, B female subgenital plate, in ventral view; arrow points to apex C tarsus with arolium and claws of immature D-F fifth instar immature, left body side G-I circumanal ring of fifth instar immature; arrows point to antero-lateral edge and postero-lateral margin. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D-F); 0.1 mm (G-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.980.56807.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468342" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">8H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
Recorded from Cuba, Mexico (Tlaxcala) and the USA (Florida, Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, Virginia) (
<bibRefCitation author="Halbert, SE" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" pagination="1 - 88" refId="B10" refString="Halbert, SE, Burckhardt, D, 2020. The psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Florida: newly established and rarely collected taxa and checklist. Insecta Mundi 0788: 1 - 88" title="The psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of Florida: newly established and rarely collected taxa and checklist." volume="0788" year="2020">Halbert and Burckhardt 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="119" type="host plants, biology and habitats">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Host plants, biology and habitats.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Persicaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Persicaria glabra" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">Persicaria glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Willd.) M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">P. lapathifolia</emphasis>
(L.) Delarbre,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. maculosa" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="maculosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">P. maculosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gray, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. punctata" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">P. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Elliott) Small (
<taxonomicName family="Polygonaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" rank="family">Polygonaceae</taxonomicName>
). The single female from Mexico was collected on
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hydropiperoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="hydropiperoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="119">P. hydropiperoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Michx.) Small, which is a probable host. We collected specimens in Mexico and the USA (Florida, Michigan, Virginia) in wet meadows near ponds or rivers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>