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<document id="2D1E122FDBEB4F32B094D3A2ED5141B3" ID-CLB-Dataset="54236" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5284.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="629a057d-8afe-43d5-9bfd-581d0d3492ec" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923410" ID-ZooBank="53B47670-25D9-4CF9-B7C6-AFD8D7AB978F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1683786600148" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Huang, Si-Yao, Horie, Kiyoshi, Fan, Xiao-Ling, Wang, Min &amp; Espeland, Marianne" docDate="2023" docId="03E8879A4655B95EF7D6FD53FDA4DAA2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5284.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5284 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5284.2.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Agacysma Huang, Horie, Fan, Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023, gen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="312" masterDocId="FFD1FFE2465AB94BF741FF84FF9EDA5B" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Agalope Walker (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) with taxonomic notes and descriptions of three new genera and three new species" masterLastPageNumber="321" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="306" updateTime="1699515577167" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A4416C03870A88786E083184D266DC04">A review of the genus Agalope Walker (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) with taxonomic notes and descriptions of three new genera and three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="08A5B5063E8E093388CDC5A10A10F4BC">Huang, Si-Yao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="83BA0AA8D351AFDC3190D19640F8C3E6">S. Huang @ leibniz-lib. de; huangsiyao 2007 @ aliyun. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9859 - 9212</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FA761B87D5C4709145F0AECE8F96CFD0">Horie, Kiyoshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D76FBEE94350076B18A8DECF8F22B791">Fan, Xiao-Ling</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0E74410098A73C367893F94A5495785F">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China 1 - 27 - 21, Sangenjaya, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154 - 0024 Japan &amp; fanxiaol 66 @ scau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1176 - 7667</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A74BD9E30D3AA0815BCFB8E6D648C090" type="email">fanxiaol66@scau.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="757735D83C286D8D5DEE1D00C4E3B18F">Wang, Min</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B1153A882837326D426442B81F82004">Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China 1 - 27 - 21, Sangenjaya, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 154 - 0024 Japan &amp; minwang @ scau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5834 - 4058</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE06F991FD9E32C98EE90A0FFE08B30C">M. Espeland @ leibniz-lib. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6800 - 4783</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03E8879A4655B95EF7D6FD53FDA4DAA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923470" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209620131" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923470" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8879A4655B95EF7D6FD53FDA4DAA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E8879A4655B95EF7D6FD53FDA4DAA2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<subSubSection id="C35B65074655B944F7D6FD53FD1CD8AA" box="[151,642,726,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F7D6FD53FD1CD8AA" blockId="15.[151,687,726,789]" box="[151,642,726,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<heading id="D0B681E04655B944F7D6FD53FD1CD8AA" bold="true" box="[151,642,726,753]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F7D6FD53FD1CD8AA" bold="true" box="[151,642,726,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F7D6FD53FE8DD8AA" ID-CoL="BDNNY" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,275,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agacysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F7D6FD53FE8DD8AA" bold="true" box="[151,275,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agacysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.-Y. Huang &amp; Horie,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F56EFD53FD1CD8AA" box="[559,642,727,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C35B65074655B944F7D6FD7FFD31D94E" box="[151,687,762,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F7D6FD7FFD31D94E" blockId="15.[151,687,726,789]" box="[151,687,762,789]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A094655B944F7DEFD7FFEBFD94E" box="[159,289,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 45–50" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1309,1333]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1285]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[151,1435,181,1285]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 45–50.Adults of Agacysma gen. n. and Elcysma spp. 45, Agacysma sinica sp. n., HT, male, Simianshan, Chongqing, China, SMS1 (CHSY, will be subsequently deposited in ZFMK); 46, ditto, PT, male, Jinfoshan, Chongqing, China (CHSY); 47, ditto, PT, male, Shennongjia, Hubei, China (CHSY); 48, ditto, PT, male, Taibai, Shaanxi, China, En-225403 (CSYSU); 49, Elcysma westwoodii, male, Takarazuka, Japan, ZFMK Lep153369 (ZFMK); 50, ditto, female, Kyoto, Japan, ZFMK Lep153370 (ZFMK)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923426" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923426/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Figs 45–48</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094655B944F66DFD7FFEEAD94E" box="[300,372,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 51–63" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[192,1397,201,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-23@16.[190,1398,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 51–63. Lateral view of the male genitalia of Agalope/Elcysma-related genera. Depository: 51, 52, 58: ZMH; 53, 55, 63: ZFMK; 54, 57, 61: CHSY; 56: SCAU; 59, 60: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 62: CSYSU." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923428/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">61, 62</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094655B944F6C1FD7FFE56D94E" box="[384,456,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 88–92" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,188,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[151,1436,181,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 88–92. Male genitalia of Agacysma gen. n. and Elcysma spp. Depository: 88: CHSY; 89, 90: CSYSU; 91, 92: ZFMK." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923446/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">88–90</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094655B944F695FD7EFDA6D94E" box="[468,568,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 93–107" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1830,1854]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,187,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-17@23.[151,1436,181,1806]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 93–107. Eighth tergite of Agalope/Elcysma-related genera. Depository: 93, 94, 100: ZMH; 95, 96, 107: ZFMK; 97, 101, 103: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 98: SCAU; 99, 102, 105: CHSY; 104: CJF; 106: CSYSU." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923450/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">105, 106</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137A2A094655B944F505FD7FFD39D94E" box="[580,679,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–123" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1295,1319]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[151,1436,181,1271]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 120–123. Adult and habitat of Agacysma sinica gen. n. &amp; sp. n. in China: 120, Shennongjia, Hubei (photographed by Lu Qiu); 121: Yintiaoling, Chongqing (photographed by Qian-le Lu); 122: Simianshan, Chongqing (photographed by Weiwei Zhang); 123, habitat in Simianshan, Chongqing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923458/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">120–122</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="54FA882E4655B944F7D6FCBDFF57D90A" box="[151,201,825,849]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F667FCBDFE4CD90B" ID-CoL="92MVB" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[294,466,825,848]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agacysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F667FCBDFE4CD90B" box="[294,466,825,848]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agacysma sinica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.-Y. Huang &amp; Horie,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F5FBFCBDFD6DD90A" box="[698,755,825,849]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35B65074655B944F7D6FCFAFF63DF5A" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F7D6FCFAFC4EDE16" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F7D6FCFAFE8CD9C3" bold="true" box="[151,274,894,920]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Medium-sized moth with greyish, translucent wings. The combination of the following features is diagnostic: 1) Forewing veins M
<subScript id="17C534C94655B944F545FC31FD92D998" attach="left" box="[516,524,949,963]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">2</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="17C534C94655B944F51AFC31FDFDD998" attach="left" box="[603,611,949,963]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">3</subScript>
arise independently from the lower angle of the discal cell. 2) In the male genitalia, the juxta lobes are shield-like with outer surface covered by numerous spinules and are connected with the basal plate by an anterior extension (an autapomorphy). 3) The valva is slender and narrow, the costa and the sacculus band-like, sclerotized, fuse at the distal end of the valva and form a short dent-like distal process. 4) The subapical section of the valva bears several longitudinal sclerotized folds.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F786FBD3FF63DF5A" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
Externally,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F60BFBD3FE23DE2A" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[330,445,1111,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agacysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F60BFBD3FE23DE2A" box="[330,445,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agacysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F684FBD3FD88DE2A" bold="true" box="[453,534,1111,1137]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F684FBD3FD88DE2A" box="[453,534,1111,1137]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is most reminiscent of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F462FBD3FC50DE2A" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[803,974,1111,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Rotundagalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F462FBD3FC50DE2A" box="[803,974,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Rotundagalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F496FBD3FBB9DE2A" box="[983,1063,1111,1137]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
among the genera in the present study by having similar forewing venation, and the differences between the two genera have been provided in the diagnosis part of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F61AFB1BFD98DEE2" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[347,518,1183,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Rotundagalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F61AFB1BFD98DEE2" box="[347,518,1183,1209]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Rotundagalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F54FFB1BFDC0DEE2" box="[526,606,1183,1209]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
In male genitalia,
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F473FB1BFC3BDEE2" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[818,933,1183,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agacysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F473FB1BFC3BDEE2" box="[818,933,1183,1209]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agacysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F4ECFB1BFC63DEE2" bold="true" box="[941,1021,1183,1209]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F4ECFB1BFC63DEE2" box="[941,1021,1183,1209]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is intermediate between
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F259FB1BFA02DEE2" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[1304,1436,1183,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Paragalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F259FB1BFA02DEE2" box="[1304,1436,1183,1209]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Paragalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F7D6FB47FF77DE86" bold="true" box="[151,233,1219,1245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F7D6FB47FF77DE86" box="[151,233,1219,1245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F662FB47FE1CDE86" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[291,386,1219,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Elcysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F662FB47FE1CDE86" box="[291,386,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Elcysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the typical
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F5C6FB47FC95DE86" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[647,779,1219,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Paragalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F5C6FB47FC95DE86" box="[647,779,1219,1245]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Paragalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F454FB47FCF8DE86" bold="true" box="[789,870,1219,1245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F454FB47FCF8DE86" box="[789,870,1219,1245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
uncus while the valva is very similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F7D6FB63FF68DF5A" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,246,1255,1281]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Elcysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F7D6FB63FF68DF5A" box="[151,246,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Elcysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65074655B944F786FA8EFE0FDD46" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F786FA8EFE06DFEE" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F786FA8EFE38DF7E" bold="true" box="[199,422,1290,1317]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Description. Male.</emphasis>
Forewing length 22.8–
<quantity id="4CB99B694655B944F5F4FA8FFC97DF7E" box="[693,777,1291,1317]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
. Antennae bipectinate. Head, thorax and abdomen nearly glabrous, with abdomen covered by thin piliform scales dorsally. Both wings thinly scaled and translucent, greyish. Forewing upperside sometimes with base of costa marked with a small orange patch. Veins darkened. Hindwing upperside with veins darkened. Eighth abdominal tergite narrowed medially, nearly trapezoid with distal end elongate and bifurcate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F786FA3BFEFDDCA2" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F786FA3BFEE5DF83" bold="true" box="[199,379,1470,1497]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Uncus same width as tegumen at basal section, distal end varying from rounded or slightly concave at middle. Subscaphium sclerotized and U-shaped. Tegumen in ventral view rectangular with nearly straight lateral margins. Posterior tegumenal projection distally covered by spinules and granulation, broadly arrow-shaped with distal end slightly bilobated, with a pair of process extending anteriorly in lateral view. Vinculum slender. Saccus broad U-shaped and rounded distally. Juxta comprising of a broad (ca. same width as saccus) basal plate and a pair of shield-like lobes which and covered by numerous long spinules on surface. Valva elongated (ca. 6 × uncus length) and dilated subapically, distal section of costa band and whole sacculus band strongly sclerotized, fusing distally and forming a triangular dent-like distal process. Phallus slightly S-like curved and bearing a small dorsal process near base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F786F887FE0FDD46" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" box="[199,401,1795,1821]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Female unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65074655B944F786F8A3FE9CDDD2" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F786F8A3FE9CDDD2" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F786F8A3FED0DD1A" bold="true" box="[199,334,1831,1857]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Etymology.</emphasis>
The generic name
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F567F8A3FD07DD1A" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[550,665,1831,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agacysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F567F8A3FD07DD1A" box="[550,665,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agacysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the aggregate of the genera name
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F379F8A3FB0BDD1A" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[1080,1173,1831,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F379F8A3FB0BDD1A" box="[1080,1173,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F38CF8A3FAB2DD1A" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[1229,1324,1831,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Elcysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F38CF8A3FAB2DD1A" box="[1229,1324,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Elcysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, referring to the similarities with the
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F69FF8CFFDA5DD3E" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[478,571,1867,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F69FF8CFFDA5DD3E" box="[478,571,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-related genera (
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F5BCF8CFFCC4DD3E" box="[765,858,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Agalope</emphasis>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F4C8F8CFFB93DD3E" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[905,1037,1867,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Paragalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F4C8F8CFFB93DD3E" box="[905,1037,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Paragalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F35BF8CFFBF0DD3E" bold="true" box="[1050,1134,1867,1893]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54655B944F35BF8CFFBF0DD3E" box="[1050,1134,1867,1893]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4655B944F3F9F8CFFA89DD3E" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[1208,1303,1867,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Elcysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F3F9F8CFFA89DD3E" box="[1208,1303,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Elcysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Gender is feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65074655B944F786F816FC5DDDF6" box="[199,963,1938,1965]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F786F816FC5DDDF6" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" box="[199,963,1938,1965]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F786F816FEB9DDF7" bold="true" box="[199,295,1938,1964]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Biology.</emphasis>
Nearly all the males examined were attracted to light traps.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B65074655B944F786F832FC97DDAE" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4655B944F786F832FC97DDAE" blockId="15.[151,1437,894,2037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4655B944F786F832FEFFDD8B" bold="true" box="[199,353,1974,2000]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Distribution.</emphasis>
Endemic to mainland
<collectingCountry id="F356761C4655B944F529F833FD31DD8A" box="[616,687,1975,2001]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">China</collectingCountry>
. Known from
<collectingRegion id="4985F86E4655B944F419F833FC2CDD8A" box="[856,946,1975,2001]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4985F86E4655B944F4AFF833FBACDD8A" box="[1006,1074,1975,2001]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Hubei</collectingRegion>
Provinces and
<collectingRegion id="4985F86E4655B944F3A7F833FAFCDD8A" box="[1254,1378,1975,2001]" country="China" name="Chongqing" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Chongqing</collectingRegion>
City (
<figureCitation id="137A2A094655B944F7DEF85FFF61DDAE" box="[159,255,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURES 120–123" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1295,1319]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-23@26.[151,1436,181,1271]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 120–123. Adult and habitat of Agacysma sinica gen. n. &amp; sp. n. in China: 120, Shennongjia, Hubei (photographed by Lu Qiu); 121: Yintiaoling, Chongqing (photographed by Qian-le Lu); 122: Simianshan, Chongqing (photographed by Weiwei Zhang); 123, habitat in Simianshan, Chongqing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923458/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Fig. 123</figureCitation>
) in central and southwestern
<collectingCountry id="F356761C4655B944F509F85FFD15DDAE" box="[584,651,2011,2037]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">China</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A094655B944F5DAF85FFD63DDAE" box="[667,765,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 124" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1166,1190]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-17@27.[151,1436,181,1142]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 124. Distribution map of the new species described in the present study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923460/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3E6604464AB95BF7D6F839FB2CDDA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923428" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923428/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="307" startId="16.[151,264,1981,2005]" targetBox="[192,1397,201,1954]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C464AB95BF7D6F839FB2CDDA1" blockId="16.[151,1436,1981,2044]" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464AB95BF7D6F839FECADD8E" bold="true" box="[151,340,1981,2005]" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">FIGURES 51–63.</emphasis>
Lateral view of the male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F464AB95BF58FF839FCBCDD8E" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[718,802,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464AB95BF58FF839FCBCDD8E" box="[718,802,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">Agalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F464AB95BF468F839FCE1DD8E" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1881" box="[809,895,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Elcysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="307" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464AB95BF468F839FCE1DD8E" box="[809,895,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">Elcysma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-related genera. Depository: 51, 52, 58: ZMH; 53, 55, 63: ZFMK; 54, 57, 61: CHSY; 56: SCAU; 59, 60: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 62: CSYSU.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3E6604464BB95AF7D6F809FE08DD92" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923432" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" startId="17.[151,264,1933,1957]" targetBox="[164,1423,187,1903]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C464BB95AF7D6F809FE08DD92" blockId="17.[151,1436,1933,1994]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464BB95AF7D6F809FECBDDFE" bold="true" box="[151,341,1933,1957]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">FIGURES 64–69.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F464BB95AF552F80AFD07DDFE" box="[531,665,1934,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464BB95AF552F80AFDF9DDFD" box="[531,615,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Agalope</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
Depository: 64, 68: ZMH; 65, 66: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 67: TAAHU; 69: ZFMK.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3E66044648B959F7D6F813FDCDDD88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923436" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923436/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" startId="18.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[209,1389,187,1913]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4648B959F7D6F813FDCDDD88" blockId="18.[151,1437,1943,2006]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4648B959F7D6F813FECBDDF4" bold="true" box="[151,341,1943,1967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">FIGURES 70–75.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4648B959F553F813FDF8DDF4" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[530,614,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4648B959F553F813FDF8DDF4" box="[530,614,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Agalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4648B959F5DBF813FCABDDF4" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[666,821,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Rotundagalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4648B959F5DBF813FCABDDF4" box="[666,821,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Rotundagalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4648B959F47DF813FC1ADDF4" bold="true" box="[828,900,1943,1967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54648B959F47DF813FC1ADDF4" box="[828,900,1943,1967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
spp. Depositary: 70, 71, 72, 74: ZFMK; 73: CHSY; 75: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3E66044649B958F7D6F839FDA5DDA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923440" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923440" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923440/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="310" startId="19.[151,264,1981,2005]" targetBox="[195,1407,200,1930]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C4649B958F7D6F839FDA5DDA1" blockId="19.[151,1436,1981,2044]" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4649B958F7D6F839FECBDD8E" bold="true" box="[151,341,1981,2005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">FIGURES 76–81.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F4649B958F551F839FD16DD8E" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[528,648,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Paragalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="310" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4649B958F551F839FD16DD8E" box="[528,648,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">Paragalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E4649B958F5CEF83AFD49DD8D" bold="true" box="[655,727,1982,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E54649B958F5CEF83AFD49DD8D" box="[655,727,1982,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="310" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
spp. Depository: 76: ZFMK; 77: SCAU; 78: ZMH; 79, 81: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 80: CHSY.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3E6604464EB95FF7D6F813FF5BDD88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7923442" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7923442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7923442/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="311" startId="20.[151,264,1943,1967]" targetBox="[184,1406,188,1911]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C464EB95FF7D6F813FF5BDD88" blockId="20.[151,1437,1943,2003]" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464EB95FF7D6F813FECBDDF4" bold="true" box="[151,341,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">FIGURES 82–87.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F464EB95FF553F813FD14DDF4" authority="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland, 2023" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[530,650,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Paragalope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464EB95FF553F813FD14DDF4" box="[530,650,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">Paragalope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464EB95FF5D1F813FD46DDF4" bold="true" box="[656,728,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E5464EB95FF5D1F813FD46DDF4" box="[656,728,1943,1967]" pageId="20" pageNumber="311" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
spp. Depository: 82–86: NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 87: CJF.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35B6507464FB95EF7D6FF13FDA4DAA2" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BFE368C464FB95EF7D6FF13FE0CDAEA" blockId="21.[151,402,151,177]" box="[151,402,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464FB95EF7D6FF13FE0CDAEA" bold="true" box="[151,402,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Species composition</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE368C464FB95EF7D6FF5BFDA4DAA2" blockId="21.[151,570,223,250]" box="[151,570,223,250]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicName id="4C414D0F464FB95EF7D6FF5BFF67DAA2" authorityName="Huang &amp; Horie &amp; Fan &amp; Wang &amp; Espeland" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,249,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Zygaenidae" genus="Agacysma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464FB95EF7D6FF5BFF67DAA2" box="[151,249,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">A. sinica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.-Y. Huang &amp; Horie,
<emphasis id="B935EA9E464FB95EF6BAFF5BFDA4DAA2" bold="true" box="[507,570,223,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20657E5464FB95EF6BAFF5BFDA4DAA2" box="[507,570,223,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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