763 lines
96 KiB
XML
763 lines
96 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="94AC818B8AD0657E987F5DADBA87D298">Additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the Bay of Fundy, northeastern North America, with a checklist of species reported from the region</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6015983" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128697021" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6015983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF94FF58FCA8FDAEFCAA" blockId="21.[151,606,833,893]" box="[151,606,833,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FF58FCA8FDAEFCAA" ID-CoL="MR4G" authority="Allman, 1863" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,606,833,859]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF58FCA8FDAEFCAA" bold="true" box="[151,606,833,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF58FCA8FE6EFCAA" bold="true" box="[151,414,833,859]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bougainvillia muscus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FE62FCA8FDA6FCAA" author="Allman" box="[429,598,833,859]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Allman, G. J. (1863) Notes on the Hydroida. I. On the structure of Corymorpha nutans. II. Diagnoses of new species of Tubularidae obtained, during the autumn of 1862, on the coasts of Shetland and Devonshire. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 11, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1863">Allman, 1863</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF94FF58FC8DFEC3FC8D" blockId="21.[151,606,833,893]" box="[151,307,868,893]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<figureCitation id="13352A544939FF94FF58FC8DFF13FC8C" box="[151,227,868,893]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[160,1421,556,1506]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,545,1519]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Filiferan hydroids. a, Corydendrium dispar, colony with three hydranths, SNM HYD- 000871. Scale equals 0.5 mm. b, Corydendrium dispar, distal end of hydrocaulus with a hydranth, SNM HYD- 000871. Scale equals 0.25 mm. c, Rhizogeton fusiformis, hydranth and young female gonophores, ROMIZ B 3101. Scale equals 0.5 mm. d, Rhizogeton fusiformis, developing female gonophores, ROMIZ B 3101. Scale equals 0.25 mm. e, Rhizogeton fusiformis, female gonophores, ROMIZ B 3101. Scale equals 0.25 mm. f, Bougainvillia muscus, part of colony with two hydranths, ROMIZ B 3120. Scale equals 0.25 mm. g, Bougainvillia muscus, part of colony with medusa buds and tendrils, ROMIZ B 3120. Scale equals 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556858/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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f, g, 10
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C314655A4939FF94FF58FC44FCE9FBAA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF94FF58FC44FA6CFC0E" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1115]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1E11FF4939FF94FF58FC44FA6CFC0E" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FF58FC44FDD5FC33" ID-CoL="cce43d21-75df-4060-a434-ad5c0581f694" authority="Allman, 1863: 12" authorityName="Allman" authorityPageNumber="12" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,549,940,962]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Perigonymus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF58FC44FE9EFC33" box="[151,366,941,962]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Perigonymus muscus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAF10C04939FF94FEBBFC45FDD5FC33" author="Allman" box="[372,549,940,962]" page="12" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1863">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FEBBFC45FDF2FC33" author="Allman" box="[372,514,940,962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Allman, G. J. (1863) Notes on the Hydroida. I. On the structure of Corymorpha nutans. II. Diagnoses of new species of Tubularidae obtained, during the autumn of 1862, on the coasts of Shetland and Devonshire. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 11, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1863">Allman, 1863</bibRefCitation>
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: 12
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
[incorrect subsequent spelling of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FCB2FC44FB65FC33" authority="M. Sars, 1846" authorityName="M. Sars" authorityYear="1846" box="[893,1173,940,962]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Perigonimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FCB2FC44FC0FFC33" box="[893,1023,941,962]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Perigonimus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FBCAFC44FB65FC33" author="Sars" box="[1029,1173,940,962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Sars, M. (1846) Fauna littoralis Norvegiae oder Beschreibung und Abbildungen neuer oder wenig bekannten Seethiere, nebst Beobachtungen uber die Organisation, Lebensweise u. Entwickelung derselben. Erstes Heft. Johann Dahl, Christiania, 94 pp." type="book" year="1846">M. Sars, 1846</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
]?
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FF6DFC23FE41FC11" ID-CoL="MR4Y" box="[162,433,970,992]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
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<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF6DFC23FE41FC11" box="[162,433,970,992]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bougainvillia superciliaris</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAF10C04939FF94FE01FC23FD8EFC11" author="Verrill" box="[462,638,970,992]" page="733" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1874">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FE01FC23FDBFFC11" author="Verrill" box="[462,591,970,992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1874) Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries for 1871 - 1872, 295 - 747." type="book chapter" year="1874">Verrill 1874</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 733
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
[not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FD7CFC23FB7AFC11" ID-CoL="MR4Y" authority="L. Agassiz, 1850" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1850" box="[691,1162,970,992]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FD7CFC23FC32FC11" box="[691,962,970,992]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bougainvillia superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FC1EFC23FB72FC11" author="Agassiz" box="[977,1154,970,992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Agassiz, L. (1850) Contributions to the natural history of the Acalephae of North America. Part I. On the naked-eyed medusae of the shores of Massachusetts, in their perfect state of development. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Series, 4, 221 - 316. [Vol. 4, Part II, in which this article appeared, is dated 1850 on the Title page]." type="book chapter" year="1850">L. Agassiz, 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF58FC00FE42FC0E" box="[151,434,1001,1023]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FF6FFC00FE42FC0E" ID-CoL="7RNDM" box="[160,434,1001,1023]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">Bougainvillia carolinensis</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAF10C04939FF94FE00FC00FD7AFC0E" author="Stafford" box="[463,650,1001,1023]" page="72" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FE00FC00FD94FC0E" author="Stafford" box="[463,612,1001,1023]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Stafford, J. (1912) On the fauna of the Atlantic coast of Canada. Fourth report. Contributions to Canadian Biology, 1906 - 1910, 69 - 78." type="book chapter" year="1912">Stafford 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 72
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAF10C04939FF94FD68FC00FCABFC0E" author="Fraser" box="[679,859,1001,1023]" page="338" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1918">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FD68FC00FCD9FC0E" author="Fraser" box="[679,809,1001,1023]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1918) Hydroids of eastern Canada. Contributions to Canadian Biology, 1917 - 1918, 329 - 367." type="book chapter" year="1918">Fraser 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 338
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAF10C04939FF94FCB7FC00FB66FC0E" author="Brinkhurst" box="[888,1174,1001,1023]" page="10" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1976">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FCB7FC00FB9FFC0E" author="Brinkhurst" box="[888,1135,1001,1023]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Brinkhurst, R. O., Linkletter, L. E., Lord, E. I., Connors, S. A. & Dadswell, M. J. (1976) A preliminary guide to the littoral and sublittoral marine invertebrates of Passamaquoddy Bay. Biological Station, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, 166 pp." type="book" year="1976">
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||
Brinkhurst
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FC3DFC03FBD2FC0E" box="[1010,1058,1001,1023]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, unnumbered figure [not
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF94FF08FBE1FD7DFBEF" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1115]" box="[199,653,1032,1054]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FF08FBE1FE22FBEF" ID-CoL="7RNDM" box="[199,466,1032,1054]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
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<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF08FBE1FE22FBEF" box="[199,466,1032,1054]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bougainvillia carolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FE10FBE1FD73FBEF" author="McCrady" box="[479,643,1032,1054]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="McCrady, J. (1859) Gymnopthalmata of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History, 1, 103 - 221." type="journal article" year="1859">McCrady, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF94FF58FBCFFCE9FBAA" blockId="21.[151,1436,940,1115]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1E11FF4939FF94FF58FBCFFCE9FBAA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF58FBCFFE4EFBCD" box="[151,446,1062,1084]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FF6FFBCFFE4EFBCD" box="[160,446,1062,1084]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainivillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">Bougainivillia superciliaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAF10C04939FF94FE13FBCEFCBAFBCD" author="Henry" box="[476,842,1062,1084]" page="127" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FE13FBCEFCE5FBCD" author="Henry" box="[476,789,1062,1084]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Henry, L. - A. & Kenchington, E. (2004 a) Differences between epilithic and epizoic hydroid assemblages from commercial scallop grounds in the Bay of Fundy, northwest Atlantic. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 266, 123 - 134. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 266123" type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Henry & Kenchington 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 127
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[incorrect subsequent spelling of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FB76FBCFFF0CFBAA" ID-CoL="7NQZN" authority="Lesson, 1830" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FB76FBCFFAB3FBCD" box="[1209,1347,1062,1084]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bougainvillia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FA81FBCEFF0CFBAA" author="Lesson" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Lesson, R. P. (1830) Voyage autour du monde, pendant les annees 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Zoologie. Description des zoophytes echinodermes. Voyage de la Coquille II, II, 20, 155 pp." type="book" year="1830">Lesson, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] [not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FEF8FBACFCFEFBAA" ID-CoL="MR4Y" authority="L. Agassiz, 1850" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1850" box="[311,782,1093,1115]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FEF8FBACFDB6FBAA" box="[311,582,1093,1115]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bougainvillia superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FD9AFBACFCF6FBAA" author="Agassiz" box="[597,774,1093,1115]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Agassiz, L. (1850) Contributions to the natural history of the Acalephae of North America. Part I. On the naked-eyed medusae of the shores of Massachusetts, in their perfect state of development. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Series, 4, 221 - 316. [Vol. 4, Part II, in which this article appeared, is dated 1850 on the Title page]." type="book chapter" year="1850">L. Agassiz, 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
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|
||
</paragraph>
|
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<subSubSection id="C314655A4939FF94FF58FB6EFE0CF969" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF94FF58FB6EFC55FB51" blockId="21.[151,1437,1159,2013]" box="[151,933,1159,1184]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663C8C4939FF94FF58FB6EFC55FB51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688644" box="[151,933,1159,1184]" country="United Kingdom" location="Allman" municipality="Torquay" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Devon" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF58FB6EFEC5FB51" bold="true" box="[151,309,1159,1184]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B588734939FF94FF58FB6EFF22FB51" box="[151,210,1159,1184]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31976414939FF94FEF3FB6EFE6EFB51" box="[316,414,1159,1184]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF8334939FF94FE67FB61FE05FB6E" box="[424,501,1160,1183]" country="United Kingdom" name="Devon" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Devon</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACAB4939FF94FDCEFB61FDAEFB51" box="[513,606,1160,1184]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Torquay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF8334939FF94FDA3FB6EFD4FFB51" box="[620,703,1159,1184]" country="United Kingdom" name="Torbay" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Torbay</collectingRegion>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B204939FF94FD1AFB6EFC67FB51" author="Allman" box="[725,919,1159,1184]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Allman, G. J. (1863) Notes on the Hydroida. I. On the structure of Corymorpha nutans. II. Diagnoses of new species of Tubularidae obtained, during the autumn of 1862, on the coasts of Shetland and Devonshire. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 11, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1863">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A4939FF94FD1AFB6EFCDBFB51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A4939FF94FD1AFB6EFCDBFB51" box="[725,811,1159,1184]" country="United Kingdom" municipality="Torquay" name="Allman" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Devon">Allman</location>
|
||
1863: 12
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF94FF08FB45FE0CF969" blockId="21.[151,1437,1159,2013]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF08FB45FE41FB34" bold="true" box="[199,433,1196,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
NS: Annapolis Basin, Annapolis Royal, on mooring line,
|
||
<date id="FFB010114939FF94FB8AFB45FB4FFB34" box="[1093,1215,1196,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1984-09-19">19.ix.1984</date>
|
||
, three polysiphonic colony fragments, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FE61FB26FE0BFB16" box="[430,507,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, without hydranths, with tendrils, one fragment with medusa buds, coll. J.S. Bleakney,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE144939FF94FEC1FB1DFE98FAFD" box="[270,360,1268,1292]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B511.—NB: St. Andrews, Brandy Cove, on algae on wharf piling, intertidal,
|
||
<date id="FFB010114939FF94FB13FB1DFA96FAFC" box="[1244,1382,1268,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1984-08-21">21.viii.1984</date>
|
||
, two polysiphonic colonies, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FE18FAF1FDD3FADE" box="[471,547,1304,1328]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="4.1">4.1 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, without medusa buds, with tendrils, coll. D. Calder,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE144939FF94FB62FAF1FAF7FAC1" box="[1197,1287,1304,1328]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B605.—NB: Letete, on pontoon slip of wharf, just below surface,
|
||
<date id="FFB010114939FF94FCD8FAD5FC50FAA4" box="[791,928,1340,1365]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1988-08-14">14.viii.1988</date>
|
||
, 12.5° C, 31.5‰, coll. D. Calder,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE144939FF94FA8EFAD5FA6CFAA5" box="[1345,1436,1340,1364]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B4135.—NB: St. Andrews, pontoon slip at public wharf,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FC81FAB6FC2AFA89" box="[846,986,1375,1400]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="45.07139">45°04’17”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FC23FAB6FB8BFA89" box="[1004,1147,1375,1400]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-67.054726">67°03’17”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, <
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FB6FFA89FB20FA86" box="[1184,1232,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FAC4FAB6FF0CFA6C" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Fucaceae" genus="Ascophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Heterokontophyta" rank="species" species="nodosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FAC4FAB6FF0CFA6C" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ascophyllum nodosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 32.5‰, 9°C,
|
||
<date id="FFB010114939FF94FE60FA6DFDD0FA6D" box="[431,544,1412,1436]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1999-05-27">27.v.1999</date>
|
||
, one monosiphonic colony, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FC75FA6DFBFCFA6D" box="[954,1036,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="1.9">1.9 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, without medusa buds, with tendrils, coll. D. Calder,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE144939FF94FE7AFA41FDFFFA31" box="[437,527,1448,1472]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B3083.—NB: Richardson, Deer Island,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FC2BFA4EFB9FFA31" box="[996,1135,1447,1472]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="44.995">44°59’42”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FBB2FA4EFAFDFA31" box="[1149,1293,1447,1472]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-66.94583">66°56’45”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, on pontoon slip of wharf, <
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FE9AFA25FE73FA15" box="[341,387,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D524939FF94FE74FA25FDAEFA14" box="[443,606,1484,1509]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FE74FA25FDAEFA14" box="[443,606,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mytilus edulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 34‰, 9° C,
|
||
<date id="FFB010114939FF94FCCAFA25FC86FA15" box="[773,886,1484,1508]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1999-05-22">22.v.1999</date>
|
||
, colony without medusa buds, coll. D. Calder,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE144939FF94FF58FA19FF01F9F9" box="[151,241,1520,1544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B3087.—NB: St. Andrews, pontoon slip of public wharf,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FC5FFA06FBECF9F9" box="[912,1052,1519,1544]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="45.07139">45°04’17”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FBE6FA06FB49F9F9" box="[1065,1209,1519,1544]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-67.054726">67°03’17”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, just below surface, 16° C,
|
||
<date id="FFB010114939FF94FF2AF9FDFE9FF9DC" box="[229,367,1556,1581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1999-08-20">20.viii.1999</date>
|
||
, two monosiphonic colonies, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FD33F9FDFCB8F9DD" box="[764,840,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="3.2">3.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, with medusa buds and tendrils, coll. D. Calder,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE144939FF94FF58F9D1FF01F9A1" box="[151,241,1592,1616]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B3120.—ME: Cobscook Bay, near Estes Head,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FCEBF9DEFC40F9A1" box="[804,944,1591,1616]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="44.893333">44°53’36”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3A50164939FF94FC71F9DEFBBEF9A1" box="[958,1102,1591,1616]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" precision="15" value="-66.99361">66°59’37”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB010114939FF94FB93F9DEFB16F9A1" box="[1116,1254,1591,1616]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2005-08-07">07.viii.2005</date>
|
||
, on aquaculture float, <
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FF21F9B5FEEAF985" box="[238,282,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
, several fragments of a polysiphonic colony, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FCA6F9B5FC47F985" box="[873,951,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, without medusa buds, with tendrils, coll. D. Calder,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE144939FF94FE86F969FE53F969" box="[329,419,1664,1688]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B4129.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C314655A4939FF97FF08F94DFBAFFE21" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D14939FF97FF08F94DFE81FEEC" blockId="21.[151,1437,1159,2013]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC34939FF94FF08F94DFEA9F94C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1700,1725]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Hydroid colonies erect, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B344939FF94FD71F94DFCFDF94D" box="[702,781,1700,1724]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="4.1">4.1 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, arising from a creeping hydrorhiza; distal parts of colony with vermiform tendrils of various lengths. Hydrocaulus monosiphonic or polysiphonic, crooked to nearly straight, at least basally, irregularly to more or less alternately branched, widest at base, narrowest distally; main branches tortuous to nearly straight, usually more slender than hydrocaulus; terminal branchlets slender proximally, short ones gradually increasing in diameter from proximal to distal end, long ones mostly cylindrical above base, proximal end wrinkled; perisarc of hydrocaulus relatively thick basally, thinner elsewhere, mostly wrinkled but with some smooth parts, commonly overgrown with diatoms and protozoans; perisarc of main branches mostly wrinkled, nowhere regularly annulated; perisarc of tendrils very thin, slightly wrinkled; perisarc of branchlets wrinkled, extending distally as a cup-shaped pseudohydrotheca over base of contracted hydranth, not extending as a sheath over bases of tentacles or over hypostome, pseudohydrotheca not so apparent when hydranths extended. Hydranths cylindrical to fusiform to sac-shaped; tentacles solid, filiform but tapering from slender tip to broader base, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF69B34493AFF97FE4FFF36FE4CFF09" box="[384,444,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="in" value="16.0">16 in</quantity>
|
||
number, amphicoronate, arranged in two close whorls around distal end of hydranth; hypostome conical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF97FF08FECEFB53FE94" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Gonophores free medusae. Medusa buds subspherical to pyriform, borne at end of stalks arising singly from branchlets below hydranths, stalks often quite long; entire structure invested in thin perisarc.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF97FF08FE86FE67FE79" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,407,367,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Cnidome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13352A54493AFF97FEF2FE86FE7EFE79" box="[317,398,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,972,994]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,523,947]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,519,950]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bougainvillia muscus, nematocysts of hydroid, ROMIZ B 3120. a, desmoneme. b, two heterotrichous microbasic euryteles. c, heterotrichous microbasic eurytele, discharged." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556862/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF97FF08FE7DFBF9FE5C" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1033,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">desmonemes (n = 10): 4.1–4.4 µm long × 2.5–2.8 µm wide (undischarged)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF97FF08FE5EFBAFFE21" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,464]" box="[199,1119,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">microbasic euryteles (n = 10): 5.8–6.7 µm long × 2.9–3.2 µm wide (undischarged)</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF716659493AFF97FF58FC25FD06FBF1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556862/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[154,1433,523,947]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF97FF58FC25FD06FBF1" blockId="22.[151,1436,972,1024]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FF58FC25FEEFFC13" bold="true" box="[151,287,972,994]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FEE9FC25FDF1FC13" box="[294,513,972,994]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FEE9FC25FDF1FC13" box="[294,513,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bougainvillia muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nematocysts of hydroid, ROMIZ B3120. a, desmoneme. b, two heterotrichous microbasic euryteles. c, heterotrichous microbasic eurytele, discharged.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C314655A493AFF96FF08FBC4FB5EFA15" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF97FF08FBC4FCBEFA5F" blockId="22.[151,1436,1069,2030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663C8C493AFF97FF08FBC4FCB9FA5F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688637" collectingDate="1984-09-19" collectingDateMax="1999-08-20" collectingDateMin="1984-09-19" collectionCode="ROMIZ" collectorName="Annapolis Royal, NS & St. Andrews, NB" county="St. Andrews" location="Passamaquoddy Bay" municipality="Specimens" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FF08FBC4FECBFBB7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1069,1094]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Hydroids referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FD81FBC4FC7EFBB7" authority="Lesson, 1830" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1830" box="[590,910,1069,1094]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FD81FBC4FD16FBB7" box="[590,742,1069,1094]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Bougainvillia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FD3BFBC7FC7EFBB7" author="Lesson" box="[756,910,1070,1094]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Lesson, R. P. (1830) Voyage autour du monde, pendant les annees 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. Zoologie. Description des zoophytes echinodermes. Voyage de la Coquille II, II, 20, 155 pp." type="book" year="1830">Lesson, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were frequent during this study on floating structures in
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FEE4FBB8FDE6FB9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FEE4FBB8FDE6FB9B" box="[299,534,1105,1130]" county="St. Andrews" municipality="Specimens" name="Passamaquoddy Bay" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Passamaquoddy Bay</location>
|
||
, including pontoon slips of wharves (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493AFF97FC0AFBBBFBD1FB9B" box="[965,1057,1106,1130]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B3083,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493AFF97FB4BFBBBFB2EFB9B" box="[1156,1246,1106,1130]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B3087,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493AFF97FA8DFBBBFA6CFB9B" box="[1346,1436,1106,1130]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B3120), aquaculture floats (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493AFF97FE11FB9FFDCAFB7F" box="[478,570,1142,1166]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B4129), and mooring lines (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493AFF97FC5CFB9FFC1FFB7F" box="[915,1007,1142,1166]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B511).
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FB9CFB9CFB4DFB7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FB9CFB9CFB4DFB7F" box="[1107,1213,1141,1166]" county="St. Andrews" municipality="Specimens" name="Although" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Although</location>
|
||
medusae were not raised from any of the colonies, the specimens otherwise conformed with accounts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FBA3FB73FA68FB43" authority="Allman, 1863" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1863" box="[1132,1432,1177,1202]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FBA3FB73FB2EFB40" box="[1132,1246,1178,1201]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FB20FB70FA60FB43" author="Allman" box="[1263,1424,1177,1202]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Allman, G. J. (1863) Notes on the Hydroida. I. On the structure of Corymorpha nutans. II. Diagnoses of new species of Tubularidae obtained, during the autumn of 1862, on the coasts of Shetland and Devonshire. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 11, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1863">Allman, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FF58FB57FF46FB27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FF58FB57FF46FB27" box="[151,182,1214,1238]" county="St. Andrews" municipality="Specimens" name="As" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">As</location>
|
||
with populations of the species from
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FDA5FB57FD25FB24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FDA5FB57FD25FB24" box="[618,725,1214,1237]" county="St. Andrews" municipality="Specimens" name="European" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">European</location>
|
||
waters (Schuchert 2007;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FC34FB54FB7AFB27" author="Calder" box="[1019,1162,1213,1238]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">Calder 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), both polysiphonic and monosiphonic colonies were observed, and tendrils (apical or terminal stolons) were frequent on them.
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FA8CFB08FA6CFB0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FA8CFB08FA6CFB0B" box="[1347,1436,1249,1274]" county="St. Andrews" municipality="Specimens" name="Medusa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Medusa</location>
|
||
buds on fertile colonies arose singly from ultimate branchlets rather than being grouped on branched stalks, as in the morphologically similar trophosomes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FD6BFAC3FB7BFAB3" authority="Forbes & Goodsir, 1853" authorityName="Forbes & Goodsir" authorityYear="1853" box="[676,1163,1321,1346]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pyramidata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FD6BFAC3FCBAFAB3" box="[676,842,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. pyramidata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FC91FAC0FB73FAB3" author="Forbes" box="[862,1155,1321,1346]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Forbes, E. & Goodsir, J. (1853) On some remarkable marine Invertebrata new to the British seas. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 20, 307 - 315." type="journal article" year="1853">Forbes & Goodsir, 1853</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FB53FAC0FB05FAB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FB53FAC0FB05FAB3" box="[1180,1269,1321,1346]" county="St. Andrews" municipality="Specimens" name="Medusa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Medusa</location>
|
||
production in hydroids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FEE6FAA7FE6FFA94" box="[297,415,1358,1381]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FEE6FAA7FE6FFA94" box="[297,415,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FDD2FAA4FCFFFA97" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FDD2FAA4FCFFFA97" box="[541,783,1357,1382]" county="St. Andrews" municipality="Specimens" name="lower Bay of Fundy" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">lower Bay of Fundy</location>
|
||
appears to occur during late summer.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACAB493AFF97FB2FFAA4FAA9FA97" box="[1248,1369,1357,1382]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Specimens</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB5307493AFF97FF58FA98FE75FA7B" box="[151,389,1393,1418]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Annapolis Royal, NS</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493AFF97FE5CFA9BFE1FFA7B" box="[403,495,1394,1418]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B511), collected on
|
||
<date id="FFB01011493AFF97FD18FA9BFC44FA7B" box="[727,948,1393,1418]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1984-09-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF4E9F9493AFF97FD18FA9BFC44FA7B" box="[727,948,1393,1418]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1984-09-19">19 September 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, bore medusa buds, as did material from
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB5307493AFF97FAB1FA9BFEC1FA5C" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D04E5D493AFF97FAB1FA9BFF0FFA5F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">St. Andrews</collectingCounty>
|
||
, NB
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493AFF97FEF0FA7FFE6BFA5F" box="[319,411,1430,1454]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ROMIZ</collectionCode>
|
||
B3120), collected on
|
||
<date id="FFB01011493AFF97FD5CFA7FFCB9FA5F" box="[659,841,1430,1454]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-08-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF4E9F9493AFF97FD5CFA7FFCB9FA5F" box="[659,841,1430,1454]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-08-20">20 August 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF97FF08FA50FE6DF873" blockId="22.[151,1436,1069,2030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Although this is the first report of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FD83FA53FD4EFA20" box="[588,702,1466,1489]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FD83FA53FD4EFA20" box="[588,702,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Bay of Fundy, and from Atlantic
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3197641493AFF97FB68FA50FB0EFA23" box="[1191,1278,1465,1490]" name="Canada" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at least some earlier reports of hydroids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FE21FA37FC8DFA07" authority="L. Agassiz, 1850" authorityName="L. Agassiz" authorityYear="1850" box="[494,893,1501,1526]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FE21FA37FD6DFA07" box="[494,669,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FD60FA37FC85FA07" author="Agassiz" box="[687,885,1501,1526]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Agassiz, L. (1850) Contributions to the natural history of the Acalephae of North America. Part I. On the naked-eyed medusae of the shores of Massachusetts, in their perfect state of development. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Series, 4, 221 - 316. [Vol. 4, Part II, in which this article appeared, is dated 1850 on the Title page]." type="book chapter" year="1850">L. Agassiz, 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FC77FA37FAC0FA07" authority="McCrady, 1859" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1859" box="[952,1328,1501,1526]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FC77FA37FB93FA07" box="[952,1123,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FBBBFA34FAD8FA07" author="McCrady" box="[1140,1320,1501,1526]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="McCrady, J. (1859) Gymnopthalmata of Charleston Harbor. Proceedings of the Elliott Society of Natural History, 1, 103 - 221." type="journal article" year="1859">McCrady, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Fundy region may have been based on misidentifications of this species. While the medusa stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FB3EF9EBFA6CF9EB" box="[1265,1436,1537,1562]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FB3EF9EBFA6CF9EB" box="[1265,1436,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has indeed been reported from the Bay of Fundy (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FD33F9CCFC58F9CF" author="Stimpson" box="[764,936,1573,1598]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Stimpson, W. (1853) Synopsis of the marine Invertebrata of Grand Manan: or the region about the mouth of the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, 6 (5), 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1853">Stimpson 1853</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FC1EF9CFFB18F9CF" box="[977,1256,1573,1598]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FC1EF9CFFB18F9CF" box="[977,1256,1573,1598]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hippocrene superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FB39F9CCFA67F9CF" author="Bigelow" box="[1270,1431,1573,1598]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Bigelow, H. B. (1914) Fauna of New England. 12. List of the Medusae Craspedotae, Siphonophorae, Scyphomedusae, Ctenophoridae. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 7, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1914">Bigelow 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FF58F9A0FE79F993" author="Fish" box="[151,393,1609,1634]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Fish, C. J. & Johnson, M. W. (1937) The biology of the zooplankton population in the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine with special reference to production and distribution. Journal of the Biological Board of Canada, 3, 189 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / f 37 - 015" type="journal article" year="1937">Fish & Johnson 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FE5BF9A0FDB9F993" author="Shih" box="[404,585,1609,1634]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Shih, C. - T., Figueira, A. J. G. & Grainger, E. H. (1971) A synopsis of Canadian marine zooplankton. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Bulletin, 176, 1 - 264." type="journal article" year="1971">
|
||
Shih
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FE00F9A3FE0FF993" box="[463,511,1609,1634]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1971
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FD9AF9A3FD2BF993" author="Trott" box="[597,731,1610,1634]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Trott, T. J. (2004 a) Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. Northeastern Naturalist, 11 (Special Issue 2), 261 - 324." type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Trott 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), its hydroid is now known to occur as stolonal colonies unlike the erect and branched forms mistakenly attributed to the species in older literature on hydrozoans (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FAEAF987FF23F95B" author="Agassiz" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. IV. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">L. Agassiz 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FF2AF97BFE41F95B" author="Agassiz" box="[229,433,1681,1706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Agassiz, A. (1865) North American Acalephae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College, No. 2, 1 - 234." type="book chapter" year="1865">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493AFF97FF2AF97BFF0CF95B" box="[229,252,1682,1706]" country="Gambia" name="Upper River" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Agassiz 1865
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FE0BF97BFD93F95B" author="Mayer" box="[452,611,1682,1706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910 a) Medusae of the world. Volume I. The hydromedusae. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 109, 1 - 230." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="a">Mayer 1910a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FDB9F97BFCF6F95B" author="Fraser" box="[630,774,1682,1706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FCD7F978FC5CF95B" author="Berrill" box="[792,940,1681,1706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Berrill, N. J. (1949) Growth and form in gymnoblastic hydroids. I. Polymorphic development in Bougainvillia and Aselomaris. Journal of Morphology, 84, 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1949">Berrill 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Reliable accounts of the hydroid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FA4BF97BFED3F93F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FA4BF97BFED3F93F" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described as stolonal and obscure, were provided for the first time in the 1960s (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FB17F95CFF23F903" author="Uchida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Uchida, T. & Nagao, Z. (1960) The life-history of the hydromedusa, Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz). Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 33, 249 - 253." type="journal article" year="1960">Uchida & Nagao 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FF2FF933FE87F903" author="Werner" box="[224,375,1753,1778]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Werner, B. (1961) Morphologie und Lebensgeschichte, sowie Temperaturabhangigkeit der Verbreitung und des jahreszeitlichen Auftretens von Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz) (Athecatae-Anthomedusae). Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 7, 206 - 237." type="journal article" year="1961">Werner 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FE4AF933FDE3F903" author="Nagao" box="[389,531,1753,1778]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Nagao, Z. (1964) The life cycle of the hydromedusa, Nemopsis dofleini Maas, with a supplementary note on the life-history of Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz). Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 37, 153 - 162." type="journal article" year="1964">Nagao 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FDEDF930FD3AF903" author="Edwards" box="[546,714,1753,1778]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Edwards, C. (1966) The hydroid and the medusa Bougainvillia principis, and a review of the British species of Bougainvillia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 46, 129 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400017604" type="journal article" year="1966">Edwards 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Of particular note,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FC72F933FB93F903" author="Werner" box="[957,1123,1753,1778]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Werner, B. (1961) Morphologie und Lebensgeschichte, sowie Temperaturabhangigkeit der Verbreitung und des jahreszeitlichen Auftretens von Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz) (Athecatae-Anthomedusae). Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 7, 206 - 237." type="journal article" year="1961">Werner (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
followed the complete life cycle of the species from medusa to stolonal hydroid and back to medusa in the laboratory.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FB79F914FA9BF8E7" author="Hartlaub" box="[1206,1387,1789,1814]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Hartlaub, C. (1911) XII. Craspedote Medusen. I. Teil. 2. Lief.: Familie III Margelidae. Nordisches Plankton, 6, 137 - 235." type="journal article" year="1911">Hartlaub (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had earlier outlined the life cycle of a stolonal species that he thought was
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FC1BF8CBFB73F8CB" box="[980,1155,1825,1850]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FC1BF8CBFB73F8CB" box="[980,1155,1825,1850]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but his account is now known to have been based instead on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FDF0F8AFFBE2F8AF" authority="Steenstrup, in Lutken, 1850" authorityName="Steenstrup, in Lutken" authorityYear="1850" box="[575,1042,1861,1886]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="principis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FDF0F8AFFD32F8AC" box="[575,706,1862,1885]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. principis</emphasis>
|
||
(Steenstrup, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FCBCF8ACFBF9F8AF" author="Lutken" box="[883,1033,1861,1886]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Lutken, C. (1850) Nogle bemaerkninger om medusernes systematiske inddeling, navnlig med hensyn til Forbes's history of Brittish naked-eyed medusae. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjobenhavn, 1850, 15 - 35." type="journal article" year="1850">Lütken, 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FBEFF8ACFADEF8AF" author="Vannucci" box="[1056,1326,1861,1886]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Vannucci, M. & Rees, W. J. (1961) A revision of the genus Bougainvillia (Anthomedusae). Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico, 11 (2), 57 - 100." type="journal article" year="1961">Vannucci & Rees, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FAF5F8ACFF23F873" author="Edwards" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Edwards, C. (1966) The hydroid and the medusa Bougainvillia principis, and a review of the British species of Bougainvillia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 46, 129 - 152. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315400017604" type="journal article" year="1966">Edwards 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Schuchert 2007).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493AFF96FF08F864FCB1FBE1" blockId="22.[151,1436,1069,2030]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,1509]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663C8C493AFF96FF08F864FEB9FF09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688631" collectorName="L. Agassiz & A. Agassiz" country="United States of America" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" location="North American" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Massachusetts">
|
||
Misconceptions in the
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493AFF97FE03F864FD75F857" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493AFF97FE03F864FD75F857" box="[460,645,1933,1958]" country="United States of America" name="North American" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Massachusetts">North American</location>
|
||
literature about the hydroid stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493AFF97FBFBF867FB13F857" box="[1076,1251,1933,1958]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493AFF97FBFBF867FB13F857" box="[1076,1251,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having an erect and branched colony of moderate size originate from the works of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FC5FF85BFBACF83B" author="Agassiz" box="[912,1116,1969,1994]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. IV. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB5307493AFF97FC5FF85BFBFAF83B" box="[912,1034,1969,1994]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">L. Agassiz</collectorName>
|
||
(1862)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493AFF97FB5AF85BFA96F83B" author="Agassiz" box="[1173,1382,1969,1994]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Agassiz, A. (1865) North American Acalephae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College, No. 2, 1 - 234." type="book chapter" year="1865">
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB5307493AFF97FB5AF85BFAE2F83B" box="[1173,1298,1969,1994]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A. Agassiz</collectorName>
|
||
(1865)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and confusion has persisted until recent times. Clarifying the identity of the species entails going back to its establishment, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FEABFF70FD8DFF41" box="[356,637,151,176]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FEABFF70FD8DFF41" box="[356,637,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hippocrene superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based solely on a medusa population from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493BFF96FB4AFF7EFADAFF41" box="[1157,1322,151,176]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3197641493BFF96FAF7FF71FA80FF41" box="[1336,1392,152,176]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FA4BFF71FE14FF25" author="Agassiz" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Agassiz, L. (1850) Contributions to the natural history of the Acalephae of North America. Part I. On the naked-eyed medusae of the shores of Massachusetts, in their perfect state of development. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Series, 4, 221 - 316. [Vol. 4, Part II, in which this article appeared, is dated 1850 on the Title page]." type="book chapter" year="1850">
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB5307493BFF96FA4BFF71FF03FF24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">L. Agassiz</collectorName>
|
||
, 1850: 273, pls. 1–3
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Years later, a hydroid was subjectively linked to it by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FBBAFF54FAB4FF24" author="Agassiz" box="[1141,1348,188,213]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. IV. Little, Brown & Company, Boston, 380 pp." type="book" year="1862">
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB5307493BFF96FBBAFF54FB00FF24" box="[1141,1264,188,213]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">L. Agassiz</collectorName>
|
||
(1862)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FA4EFF55FEB9FF09" author="Agassiz" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Agassiz, A. (1865) North American Acalephae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College, No. 2, 1 - 234." type="book chapter" year="1865">
|
||
<collectorName id="26FB5307493BFF96FA4EFF55FF00FF09" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. Agassiz</collectorName>
|
||
(1865)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663C8C493BFF96FE98FF09FB64FCC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688650" collectionCode="MCZ" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" location="However" municipality="In" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="No" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493BFF96FE98FF09FE89FF06" box="[343,377,224,247]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B58873493BFF96FE4BFF09FE44FF09" box="[388,436,224,248]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material exists (medusae and hydroids identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FBD1FF08FB3EFF09" box="[1054,1230,223,248]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FBD1FF08FB3EFF09" box="[1054,1230,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1FAE14493BFF96FB38FF09FAC3FF09" box="[1271,1331,224,248]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
were all collected after the original description), but there is little uncertainty about the identity of the medusa.
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FAC8FEECFA9FFEED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FAC8FEECFA9FFEED" box="[1287,1391,261,284]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="However" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">However</location>
|
||
, the hydroid that L. and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493BFF96FEBDFEC1FE79FEB1" box="[370,393,296,320]" country="Gambia" name="Upper River" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Agassiz linked to the medusa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FD32FEC0FC59FEB1" box="[765,937,295,320]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FD32FEC0FC59FEB1" box="[765,937,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had an erect and branched colony form.
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FAA2FECEFA6CFEB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FAA2FECEFA6CFEB1" box="[1389,1436,295,320]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Life" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Life</location>
|
||
cycle studies noted above (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FE07FEA5FD3DFE94" author="Uchida" box="[456,717,332,357]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Uchida, T. & Nagao, Z. (1960) The life-history of the hydromedusa, Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz). Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 33, 249 - 253." type="journal article" year="1960">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FE07FEA5FDEBFE94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FE07FEA5FDEBFE94" box="[456,539,332,357]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Uchida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Uchida</location>
|
||
&
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FD8FFEA4FD79FE94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FD8FFEA4FD79FE94" box="[576,649,333,357]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Nagao" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Nagao</location>
|
||
1960
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FD16FEA4FC9EFE94" author="Werner" box="[729,878,332,357]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Werner, B. (1961) Morphologie und Lebensgeschichte, sowie Temperaturabhangigkeit der Verbreitung und des jahreszeitlichen Auftretens von Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz) (Athecatae-Anthomedusae). Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 7, 206 - 237." type="journal article" year="1961">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FD16FEA4FCDBFE95" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FD16FEA4FCDBFE95" box="[729,811,333,356]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Werner" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Werner</location>
|
||
1961
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FCB4FEA4FBF5FE94" author="Nagao" box="[891,1029,332,357]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Nagao, Z. (1964) The life cycle of the hydromedusa, Nemopsis dofleini Maas, with a supplementary note on the life-history of Bougainvillia superciliaris (L. Agassiz). Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 37, 153 - 162." type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FCB4FEA4FC34FE94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FCB4FEA4FC34FE94" box="[891,964,333,357]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Nagao" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Nagao</location>
|
||
1964
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) clearly demonstrated that hydroids of the species are stolonal.
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FE03FE86FDBDFE79" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FE03FE86FDBDFE79" box="[460,589,367,392]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Subsequent" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Subsequent</location>
|
||
identifications of hydroids based on the erroneous early descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FA4BFE98FED4FE5C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FA4BFE98FED4FE5C" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FEB7FE7DFE2CFE5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FEB7FE7DFE2CFE5C" box="[376,476,404,429]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Agassizs" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Agassizs</location>
|
||
are therefore unsound.
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FD27FE7DFCA8FE5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FD27FE7DFCA8FE5C" box="[744,856,404,429]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Questions" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Questions</location>
|
||
then arise whether the hydroids they described and illustrated can be recognized as those of another known species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FCBFFE5EFBE4FE21" author="Hartlaub" box="[880,1044,439,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Hartlaub, C. (1911) XII. Craspedote Medusen. I. Teil. 2. Lief.: Familie III Margelidae. Nordisches Plankton, 6, 137 - 235." type="journal article" year="1911">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FCBFFE5EFC22FE21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FCBFFE5EFC22FE21" box="[880,978,439,464]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Hartlaub" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Hartlaub</location>
|
||
1911
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 174) suggested that they might be conspecific with either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FE50FE34FCAEFE04" authority="Van Beneden, 1844b" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1844" box="[415,862,476,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Hydridae" genus="Hydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FE50FE34FDE3FE05" box="[415,531,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
(sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FDA5FE34FCA6FE04" author="Van" box="[618,854,476,501]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Van Beneden, P. - J. (1844 b) Recherches sur l'embryogenie des tubulaires, et l'histoire naturelle des differents genres de cette famille qui habitent la Cote d'Ostende. Nouveaux Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles, 17 (6), 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1844" yearSuffix="b">Van Beneden, 1844b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FCB0FE34FC01FE05" box="[895,1009,477,500]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FCB0FE34FC01FE05" box="[895,1009,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FBEEFE34FB39FE04" box="[1057,1225,476,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FBEEFE34FB39FE04" box="[1057,1225,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FB17FE35FEFEFDE9" author="Vannucci" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Vannucci, M. & Rees, W. J. (1961) A revision of the genus Bougainvillia (Anthomedusae). Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico, 11 (2), 57 - 100." type="journal article" year="1961">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FB17FE35FAB0FE04" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FB17FE35FAB0FE04" box="[1240,1344,476,501]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Vannucci" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Vannucci</location>
|
||
&
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FAAAFE34FA6BFE05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FAAAFE34FA6BFE05" box="[1381,1435,477,500]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Rees" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Rees</location>
|
||
(1961: 87)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also thought the hydroid and young medusa stages might be identical with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FBB0FDE8FB05FDE9" box="[1151,1269,513,536]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Hydridae" genus="Hydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FBB0FDE8FB05FDE9" box="[1151,1269,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FAD8FDE8FA7BFDE9" box="[1303,1419,513,536]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FAD8FDE8FA7BFDE9" box="[1303,1419,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FF58FDCDFEF7FDCC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FF58FDCDFEF7FDCC" box="[151,263,548,573]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Schuchert" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Schuchert</location>
|
||
(2007) considered that identification unlikely because older medusae described in the work of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493BFF96FA4EFDCDFA68FDCD" box="[1409,1432,548,572]" country="Gambia" name="Upper River" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Agassiz bore at least seven tentacles per marginal bulb, and adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FC6AFDA0FBE7FD91" box="[933,1047,585,608]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FC6AFDA0FBE7FD91" box="[933,1047,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually have fewer (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FACEFDAEFA68FD91" author="Russell" box="[1281,1432,583,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusae of the British Isles. Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 530 pp." type="book" year="1953">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FACEFDAEFAA5FD91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FACEFDAEFAA5FD91" box="[1281,1365,583,608]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Russell" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Russell</location>
|
||
1953
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FF75FD84FEC2FD75" box="[186,306,621,644]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Hydridae" genus="Hydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FF75FD84FEC2FD75" box="[186,306,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FE89FD84FE2AFD74" author="Kramp" box="[326,474,620,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469." type="journal article" year="1961">
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FE89FD84FE64FD75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FE89FD84FE64FD75" box="[326,404,621,644]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Kramp" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Kramp</location>
|
||
1961
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FDC1FD84FD76FD75" box="[526,646,621,644]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Hydridae" genus="Hydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FDC1FD84FD76FD75" box="[526,646,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FD56FD85FCF9FD74" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FD56FD85FCF9FD74" box="[665,777,620,645]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Schuchert" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Schuchert</location>
|
||
2007).
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FCA5FD84FC22FD75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FCA5FD84FC22FD75" box="[874,978,621,644]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="However" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">However</location>
|
||
, it was not made clear in the younger
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FF58FD66FEF3FD59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FF58FD66FEF3FD59" box="[151,259,655,680]" country="United States of America" county="Taxonomic" municipality="In" name="Agassiz's" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="No">Agassiz’s</location>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FEC2FD66FE60FD59" box="[269,400,655,680]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Pandeidae" genus="Amphinema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="monograph">monograph</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or in an earlier paper by him (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FCC4FD79FC21FD59" author="Agassiz" box="[779,977,655,680]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Agassiz, A. (1862) On the mode of development of the marginal tentacles of the free medusae of some hydroids. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 9, 88 - 101." type="journal article" year="1862">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493BFF96FCC4FD79FCD3FD59" box="[779,803,656,680]" country="Gambia" name="Upper River" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Agassiz 1862
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), how development of the medusa was followed, whether from cultures in the laboratory or more likely from specimens captured in the plankton and assumed to be the same species.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACAB493BFF96FDDFFD31FDD7FD1E" box="[528,551,728,751]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">In</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
any case, the identity of the hydroid in question remains unclear.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D04E5D493BFF96FAD0FD3EFA6CFD01" box="[1311,1436,727,752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Taxonomic</collectingCounty>
|
||
and life cycle investigations are warranted to better resolve the identity of one or more species of hydroids referable to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FEE9FCF6FE4EFCC9" box="[294,446,799,824]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FEE9FCF6FE4EFCC9" box="[294,446,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bougainvillia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring along the boreal coast of northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493BFF96FC28FCF6FBD8FCC9" box="[999,1064,799,824]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">North</collectingRegion>
|
||
America
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663C8C493BFF96FB50FCF6FBE8FC39" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688652" country="Mexico" county="Bay of Fundy" location="Bay of Fundy" municipality="southern Florida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
Meanwhile, records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FF58FCACFEB2FCAC" box="[151,322,836,861]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Hippocrene" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FF58FCACFEB2FCAC" box="[151,322,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FE61FCACFDB7FCAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FE61FCACFDB7FCAC" box="[430,583,836,861]" country="Mexico" county="Bay of Fundy" municipality="southern Florida" name="Bay of Fundy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bay of Fundy</location>
|
||
are included here with question in the synonymy list of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FB76FCACFADBFCAD" box="[1209,1323,837,860]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FB76FCACFADBFCAD" box="[1209,1323,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species reported herein. As for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FE50FC80FDB7FC71" box="[415,583,871,896]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FE50FC80FDB7FC71" box="[415,583,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is a warm-temperate species ranging from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACAB493BFF96FB81FC8EFAF7FC71" box="[1102,1287,871,896]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">southern Florida</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
and the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3197641493BFF96FF74FC65FEE0FC54" box="[187,272,908,933]" name="Mexico" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
northwards to Massachusetts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FDB0FC65FCEEFC55" author="Mayer" box="[639,798,908,932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Mayer, A. G. (1910 a) Medusae of the world. Volume I. The hydromedusae. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 109, 1 - 230." type="journal article" year="1910" yearSuffix="a">Mayer 1910a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FCE0FC65FC26FC55" author="Bigelow" box="[815,982,908,933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Bigelow, H. B. (1914) Fauna of New England. 12. List of the Medusae Craspedotae, Siphonophorae, Scyphomedusae, Ctenophoridae. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 7, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1914">Bigelow 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FC28FC64FB8CFC54" author="Kramp" box="[999,1148,908,933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Kramp, P. L. (1961) Synopsis of the medusae of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 40, 1 - 469." type="journal article" year="1961">Kramp 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FB42FC64FAC4FC54" author="Petersen" box="[1165,1332,908,933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1964) The sessile Hydrozoa. In: Smith, R. I. (Ed.), Keys to marine invertebrates of the Woods Hole region. Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Contribution Number 11, pp. 8 - 20." type="book chapter" year="1964">Petersen 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Segura- Puertas
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FF3EFC58FED3FC39" box="[241,291,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009) and is unlikely to occur in cold waters of the
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D04E5D493BFF96FCB5FC59FBE8FC39" box="[890,1048,943,968]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bay of Fundy</collectingCounty>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663C8C493BFF96FBEDFC46FCB1FBE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688634" country="United States of America" location="Chesapeake Bay" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FBEDFC46FF22FC1D" authority="S.F. Clarke, 1882" authorityName="S.F. Clarke" authorityYear="1882" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rugosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FBEDFC46FAE0FC39" box="[1058,1296,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bougainvillia rugosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FAD7FC59FF22FC1D" author="Clarke" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Clarke, S. F. (1882) New and interesting hydroids from Chesapeake Bay. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History, 3, 135 - 142." type="journal article" year="1882">S.F. Clarke, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species with large hydroid colonies and with medusae that are fertile at liberation, is unreported north of
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FF58FC1EFEA1FBE1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FF58FC1EFEA1FBE1" box="[151,337,1015,1040]" country="United States of America" name="Chesapeake Bay" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Chesapeake Bay</location>
|
||
on the east coast of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3197641493BFF96FD90FC11FD67FBE1" box="[607,663,1016,1040]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FD6AFC1EFCC5FBE1" author="Calder" box="[677,821,1015,1040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Calder, D. R. (1971) Hydroids and hydromedusae of southern Chesapeake Bay. Virginia Institute of Marine Science Special Papers in Marine Science, 1, 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1971">Calder 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493BFF96FF08FBF5FD1FFB8C" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Detailed taxonomic accounts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FDFFFBF4FD52FBC5" box="[560,674,1053,1076]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FDFFFBF4FD52FBC5" box="[560,674,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FCF6FBF5FB1DFBC5" author="Vannucci" box="[825,1261,1052,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Vannucci, M. & Rees, W. J. (1961) A revision of the genus Bougainvillia (Anthomedusae). Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico, 11 (2), 57 - 100." type="journal article" year="1961">
|
||
Vannucci & Rees (1961, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FBA0FBF4FB12FBC5" box="[1135,1250,1053,1076]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Hydridae" genus="Hydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FBA0FBF4FB12FBC5" box="[1135,1250,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. ramosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FB36FBF5FA67FBC5" author="Calder" box="[1273,1431,1052,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and Schuchert (2007). Of particular note, molecular evidence was provided by Schuchert in support of the supposed wide geographic distribution of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493BFF96FF08FB6EFD25FB19" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Nomenclaturally, the specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FDBCFB60FD36FB51" box="[627,710,1161,1184]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FDBCFB60FD36FB51" box="[627,710,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a Latin noun meaning “moss.” Originally combined with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FF58FB44FE1AFB34" authority="M. Sars, 1846" authorityName="M. Sars" authorityYear="1846" box="[151,490,1196,1221]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Perigonimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FF58FB44FED6FB35" box="[151,294,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Perigonimus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FEF7FB44FE1AFB34" author="Sars" box="[312,490,1196,1221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Sars, M. (1846) Fauna littoralis Norvegiae oder Beschreibung und Abbildungen neuer oder wenig bekannten Seethiere, nebst Beobachtungen uber die Organisation, Lebensweise u. Entwickelung derselben. Erstes Heft. Johann Dahl, Christiania, 94 pp." type="book" year="1846">M. Sars, 1846</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(gender: masculine), it remains unchanged when combined with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FF58FB26FEC0FB19" box="[151,304,1231,1256]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FF58FB26FEC0FB19" box="[151,304,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bougainvillia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(gender: feminine) (ICZN Art. 31.2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493BFF96FF3AFB1DFB11FA89" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FF3AFB1DFDF4FAFC" bold="true" box="[245,516,1268,1293]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Recorded distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Bay of Fundy: recorded for the first time as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FC30FB1DFB02FAFD" box="[1023,1266,1268,1293]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="muscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FC30FB1DFB02FAFD" box="[1023,1266,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bougainvillia muscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Bay of Fundy (?
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FF67FAFEFEC7FAC1" author="Verrill" box="[168,311,1303,1328]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1874) Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries for 1871 - 1872, 295 - 747." type="book chapter" year="1874">Verrill 1874</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FEA9FAFEFD64FAC1" box="[358,660,1303,1328]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FEA9FAFEFD64FAC1" box="[358,660,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bougainvillia superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); St. Andrews, NB (?
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FC42FAFEFBC0FAC1" author="Stafford" box="[909,1072,1303,1328]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Stafford, J. (1912) On the fauna of the Atlantic coast of Canada. Fourth report. Contributions to Canadian Biology, 1906 - 1910, 69 - 78." type="book chapter" year="1912">Stafford 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FB92FAF0FAF7FAC1" box="[1117,1287,1303,1328]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FB92FAF0FAF7FAC1" box="[1117,1287,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Katy Cove and Joe’s Point, St. Andrews, NB (?
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FDE9FAD5FD42FAA5" author="Fraser" box="[550,690,1340,1364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1918) Hydroids of eastern Canada. Contributions to Canadian Biology, 1917 - 1918, 329 - 367." type="book chapter" year="1918">Fraser 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FD14FAD4FC72FAA4" box="[731,898,1340,1365]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FD14FAD4FC72FAA4" box="[731,898,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Passamaquoddy Bay (?
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FB54FAD5FA67FAA4" author="Brinkhurst" box="[1179,1431,1340,1365]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Brinkhurst, R. O., Linkletter, L. E., Lord, E. I., Connors, S. A. & Dadswell, M. J. (1976) A preliminary guide to the littoral and sublittoral marine invertebrates of Passamaquoddy Bay. Biological Station, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, 166 pp." type="book" year="1976">
|
||
Brinkhurst
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FAD1FAD4FABEFAA4" box="[1310,1358,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1976
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FF7AFA88FEACFA89" box="[181,348,1375,1400]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FF7AFA88FEACFA89" box="[181,348,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. carolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); Bay of Fundy (?
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FDE8FA89FC83FA89" author="Henry" box="[551,883,1375,1400]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Henry, L. - A. & Kenchington, E. (2004 a) Differences between epilithic and epizoic hydroid assemblages from commercial scallop grounds in the Bay of Fundy, northwest Atlantic. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 266, 123 - 134. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 266123" type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Henry & Kenchington 2004a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0E4D52493BFF96FC52FAB6FB21FA89" box="[925,1233,1375,1400]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainivillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="superciliaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97AEAC3493BFF96FC52FAB6FB21FA89" box="[925,1233,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bougainivillia superciliaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493BFF96FF08FA6CFC02FA31" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B663C8C493BFF96FF08FA6CFC02FA31" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688651" country="Bermuda" location="Bay of Fundy" municipality="southern New England" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern North">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CAF833493BFF96FF08FA6CFE95FA6C" box="[199,357,1412,1437]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Eastern North</collectingRegion>
|
||
America:
|
||
<location id="8ED1600A493BFF96FE10FA6CFD8DFA6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A787C74939FF96FF58FCA8FB5EFA15:8ED1600A493BFF96FE10FA6CFD8DFA6C" box="[479,637,1412,1437]" country="Bermuda" municipality="southern New England" name="Bay of Fundy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Eastern North">Bay of Fundy</location>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD5ACAB493BFF96FD6AFA6DFC5AFA6C" box="[677,938,1412,1437]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">southern New England</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3197641493BFF96FC2AFA6DFBBCFA6C" box="[997,1100,1412,1437]" name="Bermuda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FB93FA6DFB1FFA6D" author="Calder" box="[1116,1263,1412,1437]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Calder, D. R. (2010) Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago. Zootaxa, 2590, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="2010">Calder 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); medusa stage reported southwards to the Carolinas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FD8DFA4EFD10FA31" author="Allwein" box="[578,736,1447,1472]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Allwein, J. (1967) North American hydromedusae from Beaufort, North Carolina. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 130, 117 - 136." type="journal article" year="1967">Allwein 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FD24FA4EFC16FA31" author="Calder" box="[747,998,1447,1472]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Calder, D. R. & Hester, B. S. (1978) Phylum Cnidaria. In: Zingmark, R. G. (Ed.), An annotated checklist of the biota of the coastal zone of South Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, pp. 87 - 93." type="book chapter" year="1978">Calder & Hester 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB136D1493BFF96FF08FA25FB5EFA15" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1509]" box="[199,1198,1484,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Elsewhere: believed to be essentially circumglobal (Schuchert 2007;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FC02FA25FBAAFA15" author="Calder" box="[973,1114,1484,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Calder, D. R. (2010) Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago. Zootaxa, 2590, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="2010">Calder 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9F4B20493BFF96FBAAFA25FB52FA15" author="Calder" box="[1125,1186,1484,1508]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Calder, D. R. (2012) On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) from the west coast of Sweden, with a checklist of species from the region. Zootaxa, 3171, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |