123 lines
14 KiB
XML
123 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="B9D24B1A7198B80CC9375CB9ACBE55A2" ID-CLB-Dataset="35264" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212" ID-GBIF-Dataset="728b01bf-aa02-4acf-9d1f-9164c114f5a2" ID-PMC="PMC4829695" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-567-1" ID-PubMed="27103869" ID-ZooBank="6C7EADF3055D4219909EE37D218171FD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-567-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 567" ModsDocTitle="The genus Litophyton Forskål, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean" checkinTime="1456222814710" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="van Ofwegen, Leen P." docDate="2016" docId="BF14A90E9B3B514B7F696ABC845E0038" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 567: 1-128" docOrigin="ZooKeys 567" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212" docTitle="Litophyton maldivensis Hickson 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="CF1B4455FFF1345BAD40FFD7FFCED220" masterDocTitle="The genus Litophyton Forskal, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1701374539268" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="A416A598E5949DB5BE6FAF390693824D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="61F4241881EA9D8C4DA903BC96BDFFE5">
|
||
<mods:title id="71E338DDB45311CF7C9F6D084F22CB20">The genus Litophyton Forskal, 1775 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Nephtheidae) in the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="738E512AC4CC3AEE08F3F3D153136C5B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D41ADA5180C7C76CB173337288DC70A0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F2FC319949F088A6B444BB2F4F5095D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="27E282E6CEDD847D7352DAB6F8972171">van Ofwegen, Leen P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="23735422EC1A72EC3C9462BAC54A0148">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="C617A34CD741B8FEA8C74EFBB2163B6E" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="11106DA480F9FCC0E0AE0311A989A178">
|
||
<mods:title id="47872E6B0E16800C5E03BFBD92BEB0D2">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="AE64641C63378A546A983AA744FB0877">
|
||
<mods:date id="9B097320019A4BD8B56ACEC49F8BE29B">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="AA534D61DEFCCED0D28C8FD3E45C8F02" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="0A691E3A75C7BD88603CA79DFB2E00FF">567</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="BB48DAA905E3FE7FD889C7F37255226C" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="8B1CFDC4E1E269F0CC4E2898E966C30D">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="5CB8E9D1AF6A266461787C87114AAA2F">128</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="F7DA5E89B5058C3973D7864A94898675">
|
||
<mods:url id="3C013562AACDCA2DA4E4775509DC3624">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="0FFF1CE30690E766FC5212918A40286A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D1965C66675C298978449E91A326665B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.567.7212</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="59C2C1CB979E57C31177101F247E28B4" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-567-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E383BAF69840CDEC44DA7A0CB9A8BD99" type="ZooBank">6C7EADF3055D4219909EE37D218171FD</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="BF14A90E9B3B514B7F696ABC845E0038" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127872317" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF14A90E9B3B514B7F696ABC845E0038" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF14A90E9B3B514B7F696ABC845E0038" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<subSubSection id="92403B4E6A3437758F2835FE27001DDD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="4FE2272FA42E39C3E0D8C86397BBFC6D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Taxon classification Animalia Alcyonacea Nephtheidae</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="30288673FDC6D59E172648B6A44DDCDA" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="50322FCC3923626569488B2F6C874622" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C055896D554E471DF0938A50449A057C" ID-CoL="3VMCT" authority="Hickson, 1905" authorityName="Hickson" authorityYear="1905" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton maldivensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maldivensis">Litophyton maldivensis (Hickson, 1905)</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figures 1E, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C76ED212776C35A58D8C21BDE98931B4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="75728956C4E86D84B12009A45FA9E122" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B4DE21134B73776D233CF487D65461F" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Eunephthya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eunephthya maldivensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maldivensis">Eunephthya maldivensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hickson, 1905: 824, fig. 12 (Maldives, Kolumadula Atoll);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="61BABA0509509FDFD8ACD748D8523DE3" author="Kuekenthal, W" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher (Syst.)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="317 - 390" title="Versuch einer Revision der Alcyonaceen. 2. Die Familie der Nephthyiden. 3. Teil. Die Gattungen Eunephthya Verrill und Gersemia Marenzeller." url="10.5962/bhl.part.27564" volume="24" year="1907">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2F82CB9E048B9EDD34C9AF6A122DF06D" originalValue="Kükenthal">Kuekenthal</normalizedToken>
|
||
1907
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 380.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B1F232CF3E0AD342D26D894E360A24B" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4CEBAF1A88383DBA3CAD133A5DA0BAB" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton maldivensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maldivensis">Litophyton maldivensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Hickson 1908: 173-176.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ED87F02144DA5C9A263B414B7594CC41" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="EAFFE2DBFE1C7087FBAE0F383BB8061D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A03A6A6F5594AB668C0195867F9BBED2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">BMNH 1962.7.20.123, syntype; BMNH 1962.7.20.124, syntype; ZMTAU Co 26249, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, Ras Gahra, depth 2 m, 19 November 1977, coll. Y. Benayahu; ZMTAU Co 26221, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, A-Tur, 20 September 1967, coll. L. Fishelson; ZMTAU Co 26252, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez, Ras Gahra, depth 2 m, 20 November 1977, coll. Y. Benayahu; ZMTAU Co 28548 (E262), Red Sea, Dahlak Archipelago, Daliacus; depth 3 m, 18 October 1993, coll. Y. Benayahu; RMNH Coel. 42084, Indian Ocean, Socotra, sta. 267, sample 86, subtidal, 15 April 1999, coll. G. Reinicke.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7845B5856ECD597B1724A64F32874D25" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="2673C18BF0548128185C1A4E5227C5DE" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FDA6CE38D12FBA981BFB952B698F2E4C" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0B008E4ADB7775FAEB8360BA2289B51" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Litophyton</taxonomicName>
|
||
with polyps with small rodlets. Internal spindles of the base of the stalk short, mostly unbranched, several with blunt ends.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BFD2F3CAFE9EC66FCDFC7111D0ECDE53" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="38F9E9369D5F941BDB1087BD7C472678" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58E283FE7A040B519A8DA47454431D34" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">The holotype is 3.5 cm high and 5 cm wide (Figure 45A).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7E2C54E9ECE2D62188D9CB8D09DE82DD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The polyps have small rodlets and spindles, situated in the tentacles and both the lateral and abaxial parts of the polyp (Figure 46
|
||
<normalizedToken id="58982A6415E2325213B19B61A40DACD1" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Length of the spindles up to 0.25 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="01CE6947C3EBCE491151F9D7D79FC065" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Lobes. Surface and interior with narrow spindles up to 0.5 mm long (Figure 46D).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="337DB899E74350F78D1F06FE9DC0FA05" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Surface layer top of stalk. Radiates, derivatives of these, and spindles (Figure 46E); up to 0.30 mm long.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="773192028D374A94E3B13C4296365662" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Surface layer base of stalk. Radiates, derivatives of these, spindles and unilateral spinose spindles (Figure 47A); the spindles and unilateral spinose spindles up to 0.25 mm long.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="14D482779E9D038B7DDC386861A3A340" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Interior base of stalk. Spindles with widely spaced simple tubercles (Figure 47
|
||
<normalizedToken id="35312776D127DF278AF203B7A2400CE6" originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
); some spindles branched; some smaller ones almost smooth; many with blunt ends. The interior spindles are up to 0.85 mm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8B116CB52C92F71D7C9AF9F36E26C0AD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="7646CC0118A33D31647128A0F9147BBB" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5CA05A9F504F502DAE7EF72B2C94C1B7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Maldives, Red Sea, Socotra.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F054951C3CFF37D3F024364D1A1B54EB" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="9902D34E494B621F8A5A720892D26BDA" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5534F0229CB8B32911A632351EDAE407" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The characteristics of specimen BMNH 1962.7.20.124 agree with the description of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="450CB92B6ECD950FDFB3B751947BF143" author="Hickson, SJ" editor="Gardiner, JS" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="807 - 826" title="The Alcyonaria of the Maldives part III. The families Muriceidae, Gorgonellidae, Melitodidae, and the Genera Pennatula, Eunephthya." volumeTitle="The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes" year="1905">Hickson (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
of his single specimen. Therefore it is puzzling why nowadays the BMNH has two syntypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6F0C9EF3929210E17F93CC9510317274" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton maldivensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maldivensis">Litophyton maldivensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The other syntype, BMNH 1962.7.20.123, was also examined and shows characters of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2F73BEE3C2F456588CB6D18837D37C89" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Scleronephthya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scleronephthya" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Scleronephthya</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, BMNH 1962.7.20.124 is here considered to be the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3C5610FA13936FAFA3132BE096C237B" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton maldivensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maldivensis">Litophyton maldivensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2BCB35393CD7A5D6F7403636B06010D2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The species can be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F5F9B9622096977C4EE21781E50E1F1" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton arboreum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arboreum">Litophyton arboreum</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DACC929C80404656A01DDC589BC55732" originalValue="Forskål">Forskal</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1775, as that species has also many blunt spindles in the interior of the base of the stalk. But they are longer, have more regularly spaced tubercles and do not include smaller, smoother forms. Also the polyps are more strongly armed.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2B7BF1364ABB7D38A1D43D85E891F6E9" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton maldivensis" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="maldivensis">Litophyton maldivensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
can also be confused with specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2C723F66A6A0C99D5F809C70D2A70CF4" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton simulatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simulatum">Litophyton simulatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
in terms of having short sclerites in the interior of the stalk. But
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1C48CAF7F82CF1C0CE4BF0913A3559A" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton simulatum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="simulatum">Litophyton simulatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FE4E681CDA921CC9DF20864570C45A91" class="Anthozoa" family="Nephtheidae" genus="Litophyton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Litophyton arboreum" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arboreum">Litophyton arboreum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differs in lacking the smooth smaller internal spindles and having more strongly armed polyps. Moreover, it has many branched internal spindles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A847CD81B29B780CE72F7B29D2C25D7C" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">SEM images of the sclerites of ZMTAU Co26249 (Figure 45B) are also presented (Figures 48-49). The polyp body sclerites of ZMTAU Co26249 (Figure 48B) are different from the rodlets of the holotype (Figure 46C), and the sclerites from the top of stalk surface (Figure 48D) are different to those shown for the holotype in Figure 46E. I consider these difference intraspecific variation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |