122 lines
17 KiB
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122 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="B5A5ED08347C65A8FCFA4DB1E1E5905C" ID-CLB-Dataset="30246" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c099b7cc-9634-4455-b59e-d5a597998ee7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1221580" ID-ZooBank="7A46BD51-20A9-4FDA-81FB-D771BA9011FC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1524196250478" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2018" docId="038A4612FF8DFFC2BEDEFA4C50B4F9F3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4410.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4410 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyandrocarpa arianae Monniot, F. 2016" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="298" masterDocId="FFB33E6AFF88FFC5BE49FFA3527EFFA4" masterDocTitle="Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 2. Stolidobranchia, Styelidae" masterLastPageNumber="318" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="296" updateTime="1698538334165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AF672132657B1DA6F028C5A2D88ADD6D">Ascidians collected during the Madibenthos expedition in Martinique: 2. Stolidobranchia, Styelidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4060B70D709F5AA3FCCB0C2E852E48B6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="70E00DE2D1F6859A8242A11B054C9FBE">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="420A53C9EEC06EE63B90FFD66175C74D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B8F7D41A523E08BFB919C55DCD0776B0">
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<mods:date id="FBDC6E3351ADCC727B045B807F07D6AF">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B8A17A343B1CD48CC1B897F7F8B92DDB">2018-04-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="504B22DDA221C53FA0A1C176F135EAA6">4410</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038A4612FF8DFFC2BEDEFA4C50B4F9F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6485088" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143618757" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6485088" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A4612FF8DFFC2BEDEFA4C50B4F9F3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A4612FF8DFFC2BEDEFA4C50B4F9F3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
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<subSubSection id="C339A48FFF8DFFC0BEDEFA4C52A7F98F" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8DFFC0BEDEFA4C50E9F9AE" blockId="5.[151,663,1519,1579]" box="[151,663,1519,1546]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
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<heading id="D0D44068FF8DFFC0BEDEFA4C50E9F9AE" bold="true" box="[151,663,1519,1546]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF8DFFC0BEDEFA4C50E9F9AE" ID-CoL="78546" authority="Monniot, F. 2016" authorityName="Monniot, F." authorityYear="2016" box="[151,663,1519,1546]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianae">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8DFFC0BEDEFA4C50E9F9AE" bold="true" box="[151,663,1519,1546]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8DFFC0BEDEFA4C53C3F9AD" bold="true" box="[151,445,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Polyandrocarpa arianae</emphasis>
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Monniot, F. 2016
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8DFFC0BEDEF9B152A7F98F" blockId="5.[151,663,1519,1579]" box="[151,217,1554,1579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8DFFC0BEDEF9B152A7F98F" box="[151,217,1554,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C339A48FFF8DFFC2BEDEF9F750B4F9F3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8DFFC0BEDEF9F75050F9CE" blockId="5.[151,558,1620,1642]" box="[151,558,1620,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Station: AR 367 (MNHN S1 POL.A 58)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8DFFC0BEDEF935517CF86B" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
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The zooids
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<quantity id="4CDB5AE1FF8DFFC0BF53F9345334F90B" box="[282,330,1687,1711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" unit="cm" value="1.0">1cm</quantity>
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long are upright above a basal sheet and tightly linked together by their lateral side (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8DFFC0BB4DF9355722F90B" box="[1284,1372,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
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). The tunic is thin transparent and entirely covered with sand and mud, without epibionts. The siphons are not protruding and have 4 lobes, the oral one apical and the atrial more dorsal. Each siphon has an internal velum spotted with crystalline inclusions. This structure is the same as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF8DFFC0BD49F8A051FBF8BE" box="[768,901,1795,1818]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polycarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anguinea">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8DFFC0BD49F8A051FBF8BE" box="[768,901,1795,1818]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">P. anguinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The oral tentacles are in 2 orders of size. The prepharyngeal band in a single rod is distant from the tentacle ring and draws a wide V (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8DFFC0BABDF885572BF89B" box="[1268,1365,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
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). The prepharyngeal area has no papillae. The dorsal tubercle is button like and opens anteriorly in a C. The body wall is marbled (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8DFFC0BF48F8CD5327F823" box="[257,345,1902,1927]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
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) and thin with a weak network of muscular fibres. There are no endocarps. The branchial tissue is thin (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8DFFC0BE9DF831534EF80F" box="[212,304,1938,1963]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
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). The dorsal lamina is long and low with a smooth edge. There are 4 branchial folds on each side (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8DFFC0BED6F815528DF86B" box="[159,243,1974,1999]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig.6A</figureCitation>
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). The formula of one zooid on the right side is:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8DFFC0BE87F8795031F857" blockId="5.[151,1437,1686,2035]" box="[206,591,2010,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">E-6 (10) 5 (14) 5 (14) 4 (12) 1-DL</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF5CA78CFF8EFFC3BEDEF8C4576FF8D9" box="[151,1297,1895,1917]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221590/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" startId="6.[151,250,1895,1917]" targetBox="[155,1436,193,1860]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8EFFC3BEDEF8C4576FF8D9" blockId="6.[151,1297,1895,1917]" box="[151,1297,1895,1917]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8EFFC3BEDEF8C4536CF8D8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1895,1917]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF8EFFC3BF50F8C4505CF8D9" authorityName=": Vasseur" authorityYear="1967" box="[281,546,1895,1917]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anguinea">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8EFFC3BF50F8C4505CF8D9" box="[281,546,1895,1917]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Polyandrocarpa anguinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A, colony, scale bar = 1cm; B, branchial tissue stained, scale bar = 5mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF5CA78CFF8FFFC2BEDEFBD3570BFB22" box="[151,1397,1136,1158]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" startId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8FFFC2BEDEFBD3570BFB22" blockId="7.[151,1397,1136,1158]" box="[151,1397,1136,1158]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8FFFC2BEDEFBD3536CFB21" bold="true" box="[151,274,1136,1158]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF8FFFC2BF50FBD3506DFB22" box="[281,531,1136,1158]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arianae">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8FFFC2BF50FBD3506DFB22" box="[281,531,1136,1158]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Polyandrocarpa arianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8FFFC2BE8EFB10568BFA48" blockId="7.[151,1437,1203,1623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">
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As in the Mediterranean specimens there is always a single longitudinal vessel between the dorsal lamina and the first branchial fold of the right side (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8FFFC2BC1AFB7550D2FB4B" box="[595,684,1238,1263]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
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). This is the principal and constant difference with
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<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF8FFFC2BAACFB745281FAB7" authorityName=": Vasseur" authorityYear="1967" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anguinea">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8FFFC2BAACFB745281FAB7" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Polyandrocarpa anguinea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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which has several vessels in this place instead of one. The stigmata are crossed by parastigmatic vessels. The digestive tract occupies a small part of the left body side (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8FFFC2BDDBFABD518FFA93" box="[914,1009,1310,1335]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
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). The stomach is olive shaped with longitudinal folds and without caecum; the intestine is isodiametric, the primary loop is widely open and the rectum is long. The anus has 8 to 12 lobes. The gut is loosely attached to the body wall by a few trabeculae. The gonads were not fully mature. In one specimen 9 polycarps are on the right side and 7 on the left not arranged in lines (
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<figureCitation id="1318EB81FF8FFFC2BE95FA0D5346FA63" box="[220,312,1454,1479]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1136,1158]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1110]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1115]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Polyandrocarpa arianae. A, zooid ventrally opened and stained, scale bar = 5mm; B, colony, scale bar = 1cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221592/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
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). Each polycarp is elongated, the ovary on the internal side and several testis vesicles external in a double line. The polycaps hang between the branchial sac and the body wall attached by trabeculae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9CF704FF8FFFC2BE8EFA5550B4F9F3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1203,1623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">
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All characters of the Martinique specimens are the same as those described from the Mediterranean Sea. The distribution of this species is presently limited to these two regions. A discussion about the different species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C238C87FF8FFFC2BEDEF99C5330F9F3" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,334,1599,1623]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Polyandrocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9572B16FF8FFFC2BEDEF99C5330F9F3" box="[151,334,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Polyandrocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was given in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB28AF5FF8FFFC2BFA0F99D50B8F9F3" box="[489,710,1598,1623]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" refId="ref8988" refString="Monniot, F. (2016 a) A new species of Polyandrocarpa (Ascidiacea Styelidae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Zootaxa, 4132 (1), 87 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4132.1.7" type="journal article">Monniot F. (2016a)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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