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<mods:title id="D0B11841186488E1D958FFD9A0E1A69B">On the Ciidae (Coleoptera) described by Michio Chûjô deposited in the Natural History Museum of Denmark</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F99D37E5CD496C9396B38A310255E2F7">Souza-Gonçalves, Igor</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AED344EDD763CE501B0493583E7ED25C">Laboratório de Taxonomia de Insetos, Departamento de Agronomia / Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171 - 900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil &amp; Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8EBB104CC693E91BA46417D756EF4A6B">Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E301A1FD645FC1" blockId="1.[151,759,654,717]" box="[151,759,654,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
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<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F2E301A1FDFA5FC0" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[151,617,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense" status="comb. nov.">
Ditrichocis mussauense (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F3B201A1FDF25FC0" author="Chujo, M." box="[454,609,654,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A98149FFD2F00501A0FD645FC1" box="[625,759,655,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="A3B7654B8149FFD2F2E3019CFE9E5FA5" box="[151,269,691,717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="description">
<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E3019CFE9E5FA5" blockId="1.[151,759,654,717]" box="[151,269,691,717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<figureCitation id="73962A458149FFD2F2E3019CFE9E5FA5" box="[151,269,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1516,1540]" captionTargetBox="[248,1342,822,1489]" captionTargetId="figure-170@1.[241,1345,807,1492]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ditrichocis mussauense (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (AD) from Talumalaus (Mussau, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Labels. Scale bar: 0.25 mm (AB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745888/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Fig. 1AC</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E301D8FC595E67" blockId="1.[151,970,759,783]" box="[151,970,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CBBD11EE8149FFD2F2E301D8FC595E67" box="[151,970,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<treatmentCitation id="6A0C10D18149FFD2F2E301D8FD755E67" author="Chujo, M." box="[151,742,759,783]" page="529" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F2E301D8FD755E67" authority="Chujo, 1966: 529" authorityName="Chujo" authorityPageNumber="529" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,742,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense" subGenus="Ennearthron">
Ennearthron (Ennearthron) mussauense
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F04101D8FD755E67" author="Chujo, M." box="[565,742,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966: 529</bibRefCitation>
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(original description).
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<caption id="BFD266488149FFD2F2E306C3FB5C5B40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13745888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745888/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" startId="1.[151,250,1516,1540]" targetBox="[248,1342,822,1489]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E306C3FB5C5B40" blockId="1.[151,1436,1516,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
FIGURE 1.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F35306C3FD525B6C" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[295,705,1516,1540]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="species" species="mussauense" status="comb. nov.">
Ditrichocis mussauense (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F04706C3FD295B6C" author="Chujo, M." box="[563,698,1516,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A98149FFD2F0BA06C3FCDB5B6C" box="[718,840,1516,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (AD) from Talumalaus (Mussau, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Labels. Scale bar: 0.25 mm (AB).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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Comments. From the island of Mussau,
<collectingCountry id="93BA76508149FFD2F01B0555FCFC5BFC" box="[623,879,1658,1684]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Bismarck Archipelago</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="93BA76508149FFD2F1090554FBCD5BFC" box="[893,1118,1658,1685]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
. The species is known only from the
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, from which only the head and the pronotum remain (
<figureCitation id="73962A458149FFD2F19205B1FBF75BD0" box="[998,1124,1694,1720]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1516,1540]" captionTargetBox="[248,1342,822,1489]" captionTargetId="figure-170@1.[241,1345,807,1492]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ditrichocis mussauense (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (AD) from Talumalaus (Mussau, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Labels. Scale bar: 0.25 mm (AB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745888/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Fig. 1AB</figureCitation>
). It has nine antennomeres and, based on the description, it is a male: “(...) 1st visible sternite of abdomen with a distinct ciliate-pore in the center.”
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F28105C9FE1C5A68" author="Chujo, M." box="[245,399,1766,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô (1966)</bibRefCitation>
. In a strict sense, the genus
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F0B805C9FC615A68" ID-CoL="4BXJ" authority="Mellie, 1847" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[716,1010,1766,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Ennearthron
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F11605C9FC615A68" author="Mellie, J." box="[866,1010,1766,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="108 - 110" refId="ref3513" refString="Mellie, J. (1847) Melanges et Nouvelles. Revue zoologique par la Societe cuvierienne, 1847, 108 - 110." type="journal article" year="1847">Mellié, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
includes species with single vestiture of bristles, outer protibial angles toothed in both sexes and males with paired anterocephalic plates separated by a distinct notch, and a pair of pronotal horns (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F0F10401FCAA5A20" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[645,825,1838,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
), characteristics that are not present in
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F6840400FA065A20" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[1264,1429,1839,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense">E. mussauense</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F2E3047DFE465A04" authority="Lawrence, 2016" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,469,1874,1901]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="genus">
Ditrichocis
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F36A047CFE465A04" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[286,469,1874,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
also has 9-segmented antennae. Moreover, the dorsal vestiture is dual, consisting of longer and shorter bristles, and males lack secondary sexual characters in the head and pronotum, which justifies the transference of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F31904B4FD825ADC" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[365,529,1947,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense">E. mussauense</taxonomicName>
to the genus. It differs from other species of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F67004B5FB115ADC" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="2016" box="[1028,1154,1946,1972]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="genus">Ditrichocis</taxonomicName>
in the absence of distinct colored marks on the elytra, a conclusion based only on the description by
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F1890491FB0B5AB0" author="Chujo, M." box="[1021,1176,1982,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô (1966)</bibRefCitation>
, since the
<typeStatus id="341688628149FFD2F7610491FAE45AB0" box="[1301,1399,1982,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
no longer has the elytra.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F3F603B8FD935DD9" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="2016" box="[386,512,151,177]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="genus">Ditrichocis</taxonomicName>
includes two other described species:
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F1D103B8FB5C5DD9" authority="(Scott, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Scott" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[933,1231,151,177]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
D. pulchellus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F63203B8FB545DD9" author="Scott, H." box="[1094,1223,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref3947" refString="Scott, H. (1926) Coleoptera, Ciidae. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. Vol. 8, No. 1. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 19 (1), 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1926. tb 00539. x" type="journal article" year="1926">Scott, 1926</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F77603B8FEAC5DBD" authority="(Reitter, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Reitter" baseAuthorityYear="1877" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
D. bifasciatus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F2EB0394FEA45DBD" author="Reitter, E." box="[159,311,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="369 - 384" refId="ref3819" refString="Reitter, E. (1877) Beitrage zur Kaferfauna von Japan (Drittes Stuck). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 21, 369 - 384. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 4800210221" type="journal article" year="1877">Reitter, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and two undescribed species are known from
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814AFFD1F12C0394FC055DBD" box="[856,918,187,213]" name="Palau" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Palau</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814AFFD1F1A40394FBDD5DBD" box="[976,1102,187,213]" name="Micronesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F62A0394FA805DBD" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[1118,1299,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
). The genus occurs in the Malagasy subregion (Ethiopian region), Polynesian subregion (Australian region), Chinese transition zone, and Indo-Malayan transition zone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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