319 lines
34 KiB
XML
319 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.6.86665" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9be395ba-0339-4533-9935-1a682b9b91d2" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0889-6-51" ID-Pensoft-UUID="25E84D5186565D7490A2A0D1FFEB75FB" ID-ZooBank="E33976032FCC4BCA83528C9B229BC493" ModsDocID="2535-0889-6-51" checkinTime="1661532556635" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Balke, Michael, Panjaitan, Rawati, Surbakti, Suriani, Shaverdo, Helena, Hendrich, Lars, Van Dam, Matthew H. & Lam, Athena" docDate="2022" docId="F2757A4F1CDC5F34927912FCF388819A" docLanguage="en" docName="AlpEntomol 6: 51-64" docOrigin="Alpine Entomology 6" docPubDate="2022-08-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.6.86665" docTitle="Philaccolilus kirana Balke & Panjaitan & Surbakti & Shaverdo & Hendrich & Van Dam & Lam 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="44488B73-3D65-43A6-948C-E868191EA71F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="25E84D5186565D7490A2A0D1FFEB75FB" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="25E84D5186565D7490A2A0D1FFEB75FB" masterDocTitle="NextRAD phylogenomics, sanger sequencing and morphological data to establish three new species of New Guinea stream beetles" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1661533194709" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>NextRAD phylogenomics, sanger sequencing and morphological data to establish three new species of New Guinea stream beetles</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Balke, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3773-6586</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Muenchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247 Munich, Germany and GeoBioCenter, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">balke.m@snsb.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Panjaitan, Rawati</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Papua (UNIPA), Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Surbakti, Suriani</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Universitas Cenderawasih, Waena, Papua, Indonesia</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Shaverdo, Helena</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Hendrich, Lars</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Muenchen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Van Dam, Matthew H.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Entomology Department, Institute for Biodiversity Science and Sustainability, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Dr., San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Lam, Athena</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Entomology Department, Institute for Biodiversity Science and Sustainability, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Dr., San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Alpine Entomology</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-08-25</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>6</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>51</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>64</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.6.86665</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.6.86665</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2535-0889-6-51</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E33976032FCC4BCA83528C9B229BC493</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">25E84D5186565D7490A2A0D1FFEB75FB</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:44488B73-3D65-43A6-948C-E868191EA71F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F2757A4F1CDC5F34927912FCF388819A" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/44488B73-3D65-43A6-948C-E868191EA71F" authority="Balke & Panjaitan & Surbakti & Shaverdo & Hendrich & Van Dam & Lam, 2022" authorityName="Balke & Panjaitan & Surbakti & Shaverdo & Hendrich & Van Dam & Lam" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus kirana" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kirana" status="sp. nov.">Philaccolilus kirana</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-G. Dorsal habitus of Philaccolilus species in the P. ameliae complex, as well as P. kirana and P. intania, appendages mostly removed; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone; H. schematic drawings of color pattern variation in P. ameliae species complex, with explanation of elytral pattern positions (modified from Balke et al. 2000)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735239" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lateral habitus of Philaccolilus species; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone. A. P. kirana; B. P. intania; C. P. weylandensis (Weyland Mts., basal lateral spot clearly reaching elytral margin); D. P. weylandensis (Digul River, basal lateral spot vaguely reaching elytral margin); E. P. ameliae (Waaf, basal lateral spot clearly isolated from elytral margin)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735240" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution of Philaccolilus species in New Guinea. Dots - P. ameliae complex, stars - P. kirana and P. intania here described from the Bird's Head Peninsula." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735241" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Results of the genomic nextRAD as well as mitochondrial DNA CO 1 data sequencing of Philaccolilus species in New Guinea. A. P. febrina in the Bird's Head Pensinsula; B. P. ameliae and P. weylandensis in New Guinea main body; C. P. kirana and P. intania from the Bird's Head Peninsula (localities see A). Results of the structuring analysis of nextRAD data depicted as barplots, the CO 1 data as haplotype network, subs. = substitutions." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735242" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Median lobe of aedeagus of Philaccolilus species A, B. P. kirana; C, D. P. intania." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735243" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 6A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Last male and female ventrite of Philaccolilus A, B. As in P. kirana and P. intania; C, D. As in P. ameliae, P. febrina and P. weylandensis. Not to scale. In C. with last and penultimate ventrites to illustrate the tuft of long golden setae on penultimate ventrite; E. P. febrina male in ventral view, not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735245" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 8A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitats of Philaccolilus species A-C. P. kirana and P. febrina locality BH 052; D. P. kirana BH 54; E. P. febrina BH 63; F. P. intania and P. febrina BH 60." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735247" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">, 10A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Arfak Mts., Testega,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bird’s">Bird's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Head Peninsula, West Papua.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Male. Indonesia, West Papua, Testega, 1,210 m, 3.v.2015,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1,3686" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-1.3686">-1,3686</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="133,5908" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="133.5908">133,5908</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, UNIPA team (BH054) (MZB).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735244" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Median lobe of aedeagus of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guignot" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (left, lateral, right, ventral view)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. ameliae" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="ameliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. ameliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from Brazza River);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. ameliae" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="ameliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. ameliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(paratype from Wau);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. febrina" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="febrina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. febrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from Tamrau Mts.);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">G, H.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. weylandensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="weylandensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. weylandensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from Weyland Mts.);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">I, J</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. weylandensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="weylandensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. weylandensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from Digul River).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="paratypes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
(MZB, KSP, ZSM) 38 exs, same label data as holotype; 8 exs, Indonesia, West Papua, Testega, 1,100 m, 1.v.2015,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1,3827" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-1.3827">-1,3827</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="133,5967" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="133.5967">133,5967</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, UNIPA team (BH052).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Larger member of the genus. TL 5.6 mm; TW 3.1 mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Color</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body surface black except for orange head; anterior angle of pronotum very dark orange; elytron with broad, dark yellow subbasal band that reaching lateral margin; with small apical spot (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-G. Dorsal habitus of Philaccolilus species in the P. ameliae complex, as well as P. kirana and P. intania, appendages mostly removed; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone; H. schematic drawings of color pattern variation in P. ameliae species complex, with explanation of elytral pattern positions (modified from Balke et al. 2000)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735239" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lateral habitus of Philaccolilus species; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone. A. P. kirana; B. P. intania; C. P. weylandensis (Weyland Mts., basal lateral spot clearly reaching elytral margin); D. P. weylandensis (Digul River, basal lateral spot vaguely reaching elytral margin); E. P. ameliae (Waaf, basal lateral spot clearly isolated from elytral margin)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735240" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Structures</emphasis>
|
||
. Hind margin of last ventrite emarginate in the middle (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Last male and female ventrite of Philaccolilus A, B. As in P. kirana and P. intania; C, D. As in P. ameliae, P. febrina and P. weylandensis. Not to scale. In C. with last and penultimate ventrites to illustrate the tuft of long golden setae on penultimate ventrite; E. P. febrina male in ventral view, not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735245" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">8A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Median lobe of aedeagus as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Median lobe of aedeagus of Philaccolilus species A, B. P. kirana; C, D. P. intania." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735243" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">6A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Hind margin of last ventrite in the middle projected ("dwarf hat shape)" (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Last male and female ventrite of Philaccolilus A, B. As in P. kirana and P. intania; C, D. As in P. ameliae, P. febrina and P. weylandensis. Not to scale. In C. with last and penultimate ventrites to illustrate the tuft of long golden setae on penultimate ventrite; E. P. febrina male in ventral view, not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735245" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">8B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Size variation of the paratypes is (N=27) TL 5.0-5.6 mm (av. 5.3 mm); TW 2.9-3.2 mm (av. 3.0 mm). The subbasal elytral band is more or less constantly developed; apical spot is not evident in some specimens. One specimen has the apical portion of the right elytron paler, orange, and there are two small orange postmedial spots on the left elytron.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Named after Maruscha Kirana Balke, daughter of first author. The species name is a noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Comparative notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Distinguished from the other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guignot" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species based on the following combination of features: body size; pronotum black; whole head orange; elytron usually with only a broad, dark yellow subbasal band reaching the lateral margin and usually small apical spot; shape of median lobe (except for
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. intania" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="intania">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. intania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Median lobe of aedeagus of Philaccolilus species A, B. P. kirana; C, D. P. intania." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735243" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">6C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
So far only known from the type locality and nearby, situated in the southern Arfak Mts. of the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bird’s">Bird's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Head Peninsula of New Guinea (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution of Philaccolilus species in New Guinea. Dots - P. ameliae complex, stars - P. kirana and P. intania here described from the Bird's Head Peninsula." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735241" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="51" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Collected from a small lower order stream hidden in dense montane forest (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitats of Philaccolilus species A-C. P. kirana and P. febrina locality BH 052; D. P. kirana BH 54; E. P. febrina BH 63; F. P. intania and P. febrina BH 60." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735247" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Few specimens collected from a more or less sun exposed stream (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitats of Philaccolilus species A-C. P. kirana and P. febrina locality BH 052; D. P. kirana BH 54; E. P. febrina BH 63; F. P. intania and P. febrina BH 60." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735247" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">10A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
), together with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. febrina" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="febrina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. febrina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Definition of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Balke, Larson, Hendrich & Konyorah" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus ameliae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ameliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus ameliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Balke, Larson, Hendrich & Konyorah" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus ameliae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ameliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus ameliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" author="Balke, M" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" pagination="29 - 50" refId="B1" refString="Balke, M, Larson, D, Hendrich, L, Konyorah, E, 2000. A revision of the New Guinea water beetle genus Philaccolilus Guignot, stat.n. (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 47: 29 - 50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" title="A revision of the New Guinea water beetle genus Philaccolilus Guignot, stat. n. (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" volume="47" year="2000">Balke et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was described from Morobe and Madang provinces in the eastern part of Papua New Guinea (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution of Philaccolilus species in New Guinea. Dots - P. ameliae complex, stars - P. kirana and P. intania here described from the Bird's Head Peninsula." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735241" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">4</figureCitation>
|
||
), while the subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Balke & Panjaitan & Surbakti & Shaverdo & Hendrich & Van Dam & Lam" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Balke, Larson, Hendrich & Konyorah" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus ameliae subsp. weylandensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ameliae" subSpecies="weylandensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus ameliae weylandensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" author="Balke, M" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" pagination="29 - 50" refId="B1" refString="Balke, M, Larson, D, Hendrich, L, Konyorah, E, 2000. A revision of the New Guinea water beetle genus Philaccolilus Guignot, stat.n. (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 47: 29 - 50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" title="A revision of the New Guinea water beetle genus Philaccolilus Guignot, stat. n. (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" volume="47" year="2000">Balke et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from much further west on the island, in the Weyland Mts. of Papua (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution of Philaccolilus species in New Guinea. Dots - P. ameliae complex, stars - P. kirana and P. intania here described from the Bird's Head Peninsula." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735241" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The subspecies was suggested based on the slightly narrower curvature of the median lobe in ventral view in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus a. subsp. weylandensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="a." subSpecies="weylandensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus a. weylandensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" author="Balke, M" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" pagination="29 - 50" refId="B1" refString="Balke, M, Larson, D, Hendrich, L, Konyorah, E, 2000. A revision of the New Guinea water beetle genus Philaccolilus Guignot, stat.n. (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 47: 29 - 50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" title="A revision of the New Guinea water beetle genus Philaccolilus Guignot, stat. n. (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.4800470103" volume="47" year="2000">Balke et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We find that the shape of the median lobe shows slight variation among specimens and possibly populations (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Median lobe of aedeagus of Philaccolilus species (left, lateral, right, ventral view) A, B. P. ameliae (from Brazza River); C, D. P. ameliae (paratype from Wau); E, F. P. febrina (from Tamrau Mts.); G, H. P. weylandensis (from Weyland Mts.); I, J. P. weylandensis (from Digul River)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735244" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">7A-D, G-J</figureCitation>
|
||
), and differences are indeed subtle. The discovery of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Balke, Larson, Hendrich & Konyorah" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus ameliae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ameliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus ameliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like specimens on the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bird’s">Bird's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Head Peninsula and different areas in central New Guinea prompted an integrative taxonomic investigation of what we refer to as the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Balke, Larson, Hendrich & Konyorah" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" domain="Unassigned" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Philaccolilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philaccolilus ameliae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ameliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">Philaccolilus ameliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex. We diagnose the complex as follows: moderately to larger sized beetles in the genus; pronotum black; whole head orange; elytral pattern dark yellow: narrow subbasal band with characteristic shape as depicted in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-G. Dorsal habitus of Philaccolilus species in the P. ameliae complex, as well as P. kirana and P. intania, appendages mostly removed; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone; H. schematic drawings of color pattern variation in P. ameliae species complex, with explanation of elytral pattern positions (modified from Balke et al. 2000)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735239" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2D-H</figureCitation>
|
||
(basically three spots that can be isolated or more or less fused); a medio-discal dot or extended into longitudinal spot (in few specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. ameliae" pageId="0" pageNumber="51" rank="species" species="ameliae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">P. ameliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
extended posteriorly and reaching the postmedial band); postmedial band (of three isolated spots, rarely fused); an apical spot. The elytral color pattern is therefore variable, but constantly of the same general pattern and configuration (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-G. Dorsal habitus of Philaccolilus species in the P. ameliae complex, as well as P. kirana and P. intania, appendages mostly removed; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone; H. schematic drawings of color pattern variation in P. ameliae species complex, with explanation of elytral pattern positions (modified from Balke et al. 2000)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735239" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The outer spot of subbasal band can reach the lateral elytral margin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lateral habitus of Philaccolilus species; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone. A. P. kirana; B. P. intania; C. P. weylandensis (Weyland Mts., basal lateral spot clearly reaching elytral margin); D. P. weylandensis (Digul River, basal lateral spot vaguely reaching elytral margin); E. P. ameliae (Waaf, basal lateral spot clearly isolated from elytral margin)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735240" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
), or hardly so (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lateral habitus of Philaccolilus species; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone. A. P. kirana; B. P. intania; C. P. weylandensis (Weyland Mts., basal lateral spot clearly reaching elytral margin); D. P. weylandensis (Digul River, basal lateral spot vaguely reaching elytral margin); E. P. ameliae (Waaf, basal lateral spot clearly isolated from elytral margin)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735240" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
) or not at all (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lateral habitus of Philaccolilus species; brightness of some paler spots digitally slightly enhanced for clarity, without altering the basic color tone. A. P. kirana; B. P. intania; C. P. weylandensis (Weyland Mts., basal lateral spot clearly reaching elytral margin); D. P. weylandensis (Digul River, basal lateral spot vaguely reaching elytral margin); E. P. ameliae (Waaf, basal lateral spot clearly isolated from elytral margin)." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735240" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hind margin of male last ventrite truncate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Last male and female ventrite of Philaccolilus A, B. As in P. kirana and P. intania; C, D. As in P. ameliae, P. febrina and P. weylandensis. Not to scale. In C. with last and penultimate ventrites to illustrate the tuft of long golden setae on penultimate ventrite; E. P. febrina male in ventral view, not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735245" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">8C</figureCitation>
|
||
), in the female ("dwarf hat shape)" (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Last male and female ventrite of Philaccolilus A, B. As in P. kirana and P. intania; C, D. As in P. ameliae, P. febrina and P. weylandensis. Not to scale. In C. with last and penultimate ventrites to illustrate the tuft of long golden setae on penultimate ventrite; E. P. febrina male in ventral view, not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/alpento.6.86665.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735245" pageId="0" pageNumber="51">8D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |