178 lines
17 KiB
XML
178 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="1D2D77C45245438C2FA4F4D9F5A20B52" ID-CLB-Dataset="31944" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e1e83ca0-ed07-4f17-bd7e-1cedbac15bbc" ID-PMC="PMC5673978" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-703-15" ID-PubMed="29118604" ID-ZooBank="9BAAB4A5CDE1493B8A0413D8F301E198" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-703-15" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 703" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomy of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)" checkinTime="1506576699266" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klinth, Marten J., Rota, Emilia & Erseus, Christer" docDate="2017" docId="DCD733B0E3CC47178FA3C36F16350E29" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 703: 15-96" docOrigin="ZooKeys 703" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385" docTitle="Lumbricillus rutilus Welch 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="B248FFB4FF91C20DCE56FFE7FF875A5A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1701378398428" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="5AB9B86BE1209D570BD74D87F96104EA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="23843ED30CC093C1A1485C92B5F8B125">
|
||
<mods:title id="28D4CA17FE13646D6E7FFC22C7C6D43C">Taxonomy of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4F2323EE80FE2265DC555B48E6274DE3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="DD1BF41EEBEB7A7D160BF47AE9F45DCA">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="45335EB289FCE450CFA4F750943E04DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1B54C697A3A95D71F1284D8EEB22A07B">Klinth, Marten J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C446F55837B925A49D907EF91CE58A10" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B0C97812F4EC343A547CFA9AFBAB9AF2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="829338DB0ACE47F1FDF6B7534E6EF14D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4DA43B3AF67483EF87E5B0F966283878">Rota, Emilia</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="44A7E95F862C85A65CF48260A037041A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="83448F3CED56C0D265023FF0C17282F1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="55A977C3E7FBB7D56F74C1C75F86EB0E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="50A49FCC9BCB581BDFF4BF79E08186EF">Erseus, Christer</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="CA1A19721A9E5B5336737AEEF2B337C8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="C5B809F228A60FA193753AF8C13596D1" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="3619A35A2EDC5221AA12819093CD9C80">
|
||
<mods:title id="86D79A7F1070D84EA91FBCEBFB02D9F9">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="C02E6122F02B1E3485682DC3238DDE21">
|
||
<mods:date id="392ADB36D1237073B704E08B6E7C5516">2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="B9965D93641F9289EC16E273F5BBCE01" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="211583B3419072E16B8A4E6036CFD881">703</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="2518D12C46023791E2A76952B7F65826" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="7BB022FCC562AFE22083C8CC1E0F81B2">15</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="D556ABF4CF87DFEFD2A9693CD3D7F325">96</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="5C3B96C6CEC9ED02AE8DAD85157BBCC1">
|
||
<mods:url id="0BAB6F7D5FA92A8993917C0EED83FE8E">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="169D25775EC868AC19BB110C7296F304">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C084CE18D0ADEEF4B165A8EF5F99DCF2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.13385</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7FE04FD37527BE96F07CD90EF22D53BA" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-703-15</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FE45C4428E40D12BEA234813D58AD67B" type="ZooBank">9BAAB4A5CDE1493B8A0413D8F301E198</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="DCD733B0E3CC47178FA3C36F16350E29" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134860652" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DCD733B0E3CC47178FA3C36F16350E29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DCD733B0E3CC47178FA3C36F16350E29" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<subSubSection id="0ECC2AC2D3A330E0CC95D7683B44DA68" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="0EF67857AFFA8B854B904BFBAAB09F17" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3FB0812CF3F8E9A14F6E62CA29EAFF11" ID-CoL="8536Q" authority="Welch, 1914" authorityName="Welch" authorityYear="1914" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus rutilus" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rutilus">Lumbricillus rutilus Welch, 1914</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fig. 4
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="162CA8D28A352152671EE9464C93659F" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="A1ADBD6F4A5DC14F0C570041333048E8" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A73673565CB8856CF912E77BD6186A3" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus rutilus" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rutilus">Lumbricillus rutilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Welch, 1914: 143-151, pl. VIII, fig. 13, pl. IX, figs 14-24;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D827D15620F36C7EE07606C188E4C40B" author="Klinth, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="46" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 110" title="Phylogeny and species delimitation of North European Lumbricillus (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12187" volume="46" year="2017">Klinth et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9602973859C68180BA679284CB00D781" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
"
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B8D01FDDFF28521AA85B2C7509D98A6E" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus rivalis" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rivalis">Lumbricillus rivalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
"; BOLD (published records;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="731C3D6695878ED7FB5730DAFE0A02B2" author="Vivien, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue biologique du nord de la France" pageId="50" pageNumber="65" url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125485" year="2015">Vivien et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C4A4AC2828BBA91C87B9665CED48623E" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="024E256B1EF53C840A119FD59D134D72" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3DC84A41F6D1F198C11BFFD6240C4C72" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
USNM 25507, 26318, 30863-4 (Nomenclatura Oligochaetologica). Type locality: Chicago Sewage Testing Station, United States (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CBBECA55B4E55B6A78D7ED3082337145" author="Welch, PS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana" pageId="50" pageNumber="65" pagination="123 - 211" title="Studies on the Enchytraeidae of North America." volume="10" year="1914">Welch 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Not studied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2FECBD25591E79BC34B9BC1B547FF705" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="67AAE74E96D2458304E023F7DFBE53F7" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C053D0A08A7A8D0CF4BF2B9CBB13F87" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">SMNH 152801 (CE1887), SMNH 152802 (CE1903), SMNH 152804 (CE2510), SMNH 152809 (CE2937), SMNH 152811 (CE2939), SMNH 152813 (CE3060), SMNH 152814 (CE3061) & SMNH 152819 (CE9267), eight mature specimens from Sweden; SMNH 152815 (CE3502) & SMNH 152816 (CE3506), two mature specimens from the United Kingdom. For information on specimen collection locality and GenBank accession numbers see Appendix 1.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="845A32C85930831C1615AEF627736D25" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="826FACEE19579AFD03B519999022FD0B" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C1169FBD3D849E354640C03892C9E3E2" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Orange-reddish worms. Length (fixed worms) more than 2.7-7.2 mm (amputated specimens), first 15 segments 2.4-4.8 mm long, width at clitellum 0.39-0.65 mm. More than 14-30 segments. Chaetae (Fig. 4C) slightly sigmoid. Dorsal bundles with 3-6, rarely 2 or 7, chaetae anterior to clitellum, 2-5 chaetae in postclitellar segments. Ventral bundles with 3-9, usually 4-6, chaetae anterior to clitellum, 2-6 chaetae posteriorly. Each
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D66969F64FC73FA7B99CD12B26AF19E6" originalValue="worm’s">worm's</normalizedToken>
|
||
longest measured chaetae 70-105
|
||
<normalizedToken id="43A366BC71E736F62ED8CDD8CDFA42F3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, about 3-5
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0691EABEDD44B4C5608AA5D08FB4BCA8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide. Clitellum generally extending over
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C83D49DFB8D028A2B78FEF402E689C57" originalValue="XII–">XII-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1/2XIII, sometimes including all of XIII. Head pore at 0/1. Epidermis with transverse rows of gland cells.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E58B0587A8E913282B4110BA294CA4C" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Coelomocytes in some specimens numerous, 10-25
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F0EF65456B90BCB32CDEDC7A5513BD5D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, round, oval or spindle-shaped, granulated. Paired pharyngeal glands present in IV, V and VI; each pair converging dorsally (Fig. 4B). Third pair larger, occupying most of VI, sometimes extending into VII. Dorsal vessel originating in XIV. Nephridia (Fig. 4D) observed in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="61F9E4DF6CA2DC3779903D4F6C80366A" originalValue="XV–XXI">XV-XXI</normalizedToken>
|
||
, about 120-170
|
||
<normalizedToken id="50D7F5C607C22253D10B79A9F38C97F3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long. Anteseptale small, consisting of funnel only. Postseptale oval, tapering posteriorly into efferent duct. Brain (Fig. 1B) slightly widening posteriorly, with posterior incision.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EA1567F1FB6F4EE3693FA18E3C422555" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="7" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Male genitalia paired (Fig. 4F). Testes originating in XI, extending forwards into X, sometimes IX, with testis sacs forming regular club-shaped lobes. Sperm funnels in XI, 295-395
|
||
<normalizedToken id="99194EFD3B7F67A594AE82FE4E9F0162" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 145-225
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7F6044256C5FB5EF60F9AF80141DF41D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide, making them about 1.5-2.5 times longer
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="4239CA1B28B7FA02B39398C10FDF88C6" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" start="start">than</pageBreakToken>
|
||
wide, funnels tapering towards vasa deferentia. Most of vasa irregularly coiled in XII, 20-30
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A57FAD99D5475DEDA20E06AA0933AFEA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide. Penial bulbs round, 110-175
|
||
<normalizedToken id="06AA785ADF8F34BD1984D50C638B078B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter. Ovaries in XII. Two to six mature eggs present at a time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="156C5F387AC780B196356E0D49C1745D" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Spermathecae (Fig. 4D) in V, spindle-shaped, without distinct ampulla. Ectal duct short, muscular, widening into ampulla. Ampulla, after widest part, making sharp bend before entally connecting with oesophagus. Sperm evenly embedded in tissue of ectal duct and ampulla. Spermathecae 215-335
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3E136EE9C7EB678BCFEFB858A21E05B3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, 70-115
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E373AE6321CE4741C0C348120F9FE9E6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide at widest part of ampulla. Crown of gland cells surrounding ectal pore, lobed, whole glandular body 110-225
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ECB981F9D76141F65669D77056000F7B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter at its widest part. Up to four midventral subneural glands in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F96BEBBEEC9A4F23F50D1054BE3FFD4C" originalValue="XIII–XVI">XIII-XVI</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 80-325
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1EF4A967DA3331F40899DF3190B9A25C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 55-200
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CBAF37C4A78C85817CFCAC8F8F6674A7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 60-100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="49F2D7C59A53B938C8316E2BA9A4A4C2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
and 50
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6D83452AA45DC81AA49C1706FF0F57B6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, respectively; glands in XIII, XV or XVI not observed in all specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="754604188FD3938A6DDA6DD353C41CE3" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="21080FB1FEA2B105B1BDB493A7D7F232" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71DDA0009F152650740391C48CBBE314" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus rutilus" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rutilus">Lumbricillus rutilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A Anterior body, seen from above B Anterior body C Chaetal bundle D Nephridium E Spermatheca F Other genitalia. Abbreviations under general notes. Scale bars: 100
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DDAA7D379F5DC21015AECA5DBB9F398D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D2817CD50202815D0E735C174469D9B6" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4EAD7EF34F121E102BC4EB5C73459D7E" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">Geographical distribution including BOLD data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D6D6D99F81A924DA05F19246C15AC948" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">Originally described from USA, now genetically identified from Norway, Sweden and United Kingdom; also recognized from Canada and Switzerland (BIN-number: BOLD:ACV8942).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43841141BC2E381CD7463722CBC8DF03" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B43E75B733EF995F40490E0797053B3" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F04448668565A4DFEE1AB078DE0E677" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Our newly sampled material matches
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="08FFE294DB3908EE7C8B8A46077BFE6D" author="Welch, PS" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana" pageId="50" pageNumber="65" pagination="123 - 211" title="Studies on the Enchytraeidae of North America." volume="10" year="1914">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9D910DA187603AF73D5E5E61DE59196E" originalValue="Welch’s">Welch's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1914)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="371607DF2B255F7A8F3162B5A1EF9081" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus rutilus" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rutilus">Lumbricillus rutilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
well in all characters, except for the sperm funnel shape, where our specimens had funnels less elongate in relation to their width. The material in this study was collected in Sweden and the United Kingdom, whereas this species was originally described from a sewage treatment plant in Chicago, USA. Interestingly, some of our sampled specimens also come from two such plants, in Sweden and the UK, respectively. The species was additionally collected in littoral and freshwater environments in Sweden, and it is likely to be an opportunist that thrives in nutrient-rich habitats. Specimens found in the treatment plants showed increased body size and reduced number of chaetae per bundle, compared to the specimens sampled in the sea, possibly a side effect of living in such rich environments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1CB87F298FBC341A1BDD179811091E0D" pageId="8" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="144869D9B1BB43987EA1EB58458CB63D" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus rutilus" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rutilus">Lumbricillus rutilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is genetically most closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E5BFBE66B4E7F831B83843E2ED773B31" lsidName="L. lineatus" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="lineatus">L. lineatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7295897CB1D98D21F742847745F0433" lsidName="L. latithecatus" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="latithecatus">L. latithecatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (Fig. 1). However, morphologically it is more similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D277A554D09786596198B2D654DCFA4" lsidName="L. rivalis" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="rivalis">L. rivalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, particularly in the shape of the spermathecae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6A91A7E2AD7D7EAF674F962ED77316E" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lumbricillus rutilus" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rutilus">Lumbricillus rutilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
has on average fewer chaetae per bundle compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="037672B42E15740EDA3B805F9CBF8EA6" lsidName="L. rivalis" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="rivalis">L. rivalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
and sperm funnels that are shorter in relation to their width.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |