231 lines
26 KiB
XML
231 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="56F4B6C70E20D5BFEA99D83F4393897F" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF976A28FA56944117BDB2C8" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Plecotus kolombatovici Duli¢ 1980" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="866" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="866" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods id="03CF26A8F6ADA4ED19C01B9B06B1C14A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FBB278F7D2AC8D202B161A08CD3E121B">
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<mods:title id="E9529DA38D1854DDA7883482DCFA71D7">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3B21C055D610E25742F5E58369ABEE6E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A6359739A8179AAC26019AC09FF196A2">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="66586600F260B3563546213EC284CD2E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8B3D7657B4F0DC03AA38A221B578E89E">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="485660AAA531B29BD34E0A47378ADC10">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="359E021F243604680880907E25D2448C">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="6E270EE46DDB874D48159BB941CFC301" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="DFE67FBBBC286B6F4EE28C943635353E">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place id="CBE98E862A2914D26DB0D43F2707592A">
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<mods:placeTerm id="341269094F3B23228FFF704303288C03">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A29E84C541946D0109CAAEC78A7E1133">
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<mods:title id="0E597E34ABF0EE34300DE176762361FD">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="679A20B66ACF0FF49942E6EDBD46C908">
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<mods:start id="4F81F08EA201A4CAFDEC104D38B8225B">716</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A5F4752658D7EC227BE06885F10F4768">981</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="F3F91BF0E4959FA5A78B4CDB0D3FDF37">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8ADA08FC0CCBA902687DB86910AB7DEF" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FF976A28FA56944117BDB2C8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6568087" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628538" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6568087" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF976A28FA56944117BDB2C8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF976A28FA56944117BDB2C8" lastPageNumber="866" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA5694411BFCB974" box="[1450,1532,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA5694411BFCB974" blockId="108.[1448,2653,536,663]" box="[1450,1532,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<heading id="9F638192FF976A28FA5694411BFCB974" box="[1450,1532,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFF976A28FA5694411BFCB974" box="[1450,1532,536,582]" captionStart="Plate 64: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="107.[117,147,3280,3305]" captionTargetBox="[11,2760,17,3656]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="225. Gray Long-eared Bat (Plecotus austriacus), 226. Canary Long-eared Bat (Plecotus teneriffae), 227. Gaisler’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus gaisleri), 228. Christie’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus christii), 229. Mediterranean Long-eared Bat (Plecotus kolombatovici), 230. Ethiopian Long-eared Bat (Plecotus balensis), 231. Turkmen Long-eared Bat (Plecotus turkmenicus), 232. Strelkov’s Long-eared (Bat Plecotusstrelkovi), 233. Ognev’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus ognevi), 234. Kozlov’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus kozlovi), 235. Sichuan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus ariel), 236. Himalayan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus homochrous), 237. Taiwan Long-eared Bat (Plecotus taivanus), 238. Japanese Long-eared Bat (Plecotus sacrimontis), 239. Ward’s Long-eared Bat (Plecotus wardi), 240. Alpine Long-eared Bat (Plecotus macrobullaris), 241. Sardinian Long-eared Bat (Plecotus sardus), 242. Brown Long-eared Bat (Plecotus auritus), 243. Desert Long-eared Bat (Otonycteris hemprichii), 244. Turkestani Long-eared Bat (Otonycteris leucophaea), 245. Rafinesque’s Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus rafinesquii), 246. Townsend's Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii), 247. Mexican Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus mexicanus), 248. Allen’s Big-eared Bat (Idionycteris phyllotis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398533/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">229.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28F9F094411690B974" box="[1548,2192,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28F9F094411690B974" blockId="108.[1448,2653,536,663]" box="[1548,2192,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<heading id="9F638192FF976A28F9F094411690B974" box="[1548,2192,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF976A28F9F094411690B974" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[1548,2192,536,582]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">Mediterranean Long-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28F72D9441145CB974" box="[2257,2652,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28F72D9441145CB974" blockId="108.[1448,2653,536,663]" box="[2257,2652,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<heading id="9F638192FF976A28F72D9441145CB974" box="[2257,2652,536,582]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F72D9441145CB974" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[2257,2652,536,582]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28F72D9441145CB974" box="[2257,2652,536,582]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Plecotus kolombatovici</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA56940116D0B9A6" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA569401177AB95F" blockId="108.[1448,2653,536,663]" box="[1450,2426,600,621]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<heading id="9F638192FF976A28FA569401177AB95F" box="[1450,2426,600,621]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA5694011BF6B95F" bold="true" box="[1450,1526,600,621]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF976A28FA02940118CFB95F" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[1534,1743,600,621]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">Oreillard des Balkans</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28F91994011940B95F" bold="true" box="[1765,1856,600,621]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF976A28F8B69401160EB95F" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[1866,2062,600,621]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">MittelmeerLangohr</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28F7DE9401167DB95F" bold="true" box="[2082,2173,600,621]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF976A28F77A9401177AB95F" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[2182,2426,600,621]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF976A28F77A940116D5B95F" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[2182,2261,600,621]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">Orejudo</vernacularName>
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de los Balcanes
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA56942616D0B9A6" blockId="108.[1448,2653,536,663]" box="[1450,2256,639,660]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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||
<heading id="9F638192FF976A28FA56942616D0B9A6" box="[1450,2256,639,660]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA56942618A1B9A6" bold="true" box="[1450,1697,639,660]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF976A28F9569426198CB9A6" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[1706,1932,639,660]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFF976A28F956942618E9B9A6" box="[1706,1769,639,660]" country="Turkmenistan" name="Balkan Welayaty" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Balkan</collectingRegion>
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Long-eared Bat
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</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FF976A28F867942616D0B9A6" ID-CoL="4K2ZG" authority="Duli¢, 1980" authorityName="Duli¢" authorityYear="1980" box="[1947,2256,639,660]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kolombatovici">Kolombatovic's Long-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28F7F2949C16B4B83B" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28F7F2949C16B4B83B" blockId="108.[2062,2657,709,1131]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28F7F2949C16A9B9D0" bold="true" box="[2062,2217,709,738]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F74B949C16AFB83B" ID-CoL="6W36Q" authority="Duli" authorityName="Duli" baseAuthorityName="J. Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="austriacus">Plecotus austriacus kolombatovici Duli¢, 1980</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28F74394B5140AB83B" box="[2239,2570,748,777]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28F74394B5140AB83B" blockId="108.[2062,2657,709,1131]" box="[2239,2570,748,777]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FF976A28F74394B5140AB83B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319332" box="[2239,2570,748,777]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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Korcula Island,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F66294B51406B83B" box="[2462,2566,748,777]" name="Croatia" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Croatia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28F7F3955616D8B895" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28F7F3955616D8B895" blockId="108.[2062,2657,709,1131]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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||
Previously considered a race of
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F62695561639B86A" baseAuthorityName="J. Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="austriacus">P. austriacus</taxonomicName>
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, but raised to full species status based on genetic and morphological differences. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28F7F395F41413BF59" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption id="90EB6676FF976A28F7F395F41413BF59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398293" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398293/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" targetBox="[1447,2039,718,1132]" targetPageId="108">
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||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28F7F395F41413BF59" blockId="108.[2062,2657,709,1131]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28F7F395F416BBB8FC" bold="true" box="[2063,2235,941,974]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Distribution.</emphasis>
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||
S Balkans along Adriatic coast,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F7EC95811673B8C7" box="[2064,2163,984,1013]" name="Greece" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F760958116FAB8C7" box="[2204,2298,984,1013]" name="Turkey" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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||
, NW
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F6B59581178CB8C7" box="[2377,2444,984,1013]" name="Syria" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Syria</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F6619581141BB8C7" box="[2461,2587,984,1013]" name="Lebanon" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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; also some Mediterranean Is (Pantelleria [tentatively], Crete, Rhodes and
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F66F927A17F8BF76" box="[2451,2552,1059,1092]" name="Cyprus" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
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); probably also
|
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F770921316D7BF59" box="[2188,2263,1098,1131]" name="Israel" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Israel</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F71B92131763BF59" box="[2279,2403,1098,1131]" name="Palestine" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Palestine</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F6569213140FBF59" box="[2474,2575,1098,1131]" name="Jordan" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Jordan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA5692221627BD5C" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA5692221627BD5C" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA56922218A4BFA6" bold="true" box="[1450,1700,1147,1172]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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||
Head—body
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F8A6922219E9BFA6" box="[1882,2025,1147,1172]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="48.0" valueMax="54.0" valueMin="42.0">42-54 mm</quantity>
|
||
,tail
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F7C8922216C9BFA6" box="[2100,2249,1147,1172]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="42.0">42-48 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F6F3922217A4BFA6" box="[2319,2468,1147,1172]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="32.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="29.0">29-35 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F5D39222180EBF8E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="36.0">36— 39 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight c.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F96492C618C6BF8E" box="[1688,1734,1183,1212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="g" value="7.0">7 g</quantity>
|
||
. Males have shorter forearm (under
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F72D92C61733BF8E" box="[2257,2355,1183,1212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
|
||
) than females (up to
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28FA57929F1812BFD1" box="[1451,1554,1222,1251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="39.0">39 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Forearm averages shorter than in the Brown Long-eared Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F669929F1419BFD1" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[2453,2585,1222,1251]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auritus">P. auritus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the Alpine Long-eared Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F8F892B419D8BE38" authorityName="Kuzyakin" authorityYear="1965" box="[1796,2008,1261,1290]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrobullaris">P. macrobullaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the Gray Long-eared Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F65992B41451BE38" baseAuthorityName="J. Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[2469,2641,1261,1290]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="austriacus">P. austriacus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but claws are as short as in the last of these. Tibia under
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F7329349172CBE03" box="[2254,2348,1296,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Dorsal fur (11- 12-
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28FA2B93191825BE6B" box="[1495,1573,1344,1369]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long) is very dense and brownish, drab or sand-colored, with hairs tricolored; ventral fur (
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F9AA933D18D9BEB3" box="[1622,1753,1380,1409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="7.0">7-11 mm</quantity>
|
||
) whitish, hairs bicolored, with dark bases and whitish or grayish tips. Pelage covers face and chin almost completely (diagnostic for the species); snout dark and small with small protuberances around mouth, all covered with short hair. Wings almost transparent, weakly pigmented. Unlike congeners, vibrissae absent on feet. Penis rounded or club-shaped, which is also diagnostic from congeners. Skull relatively small, with two well-developed ridges separated by groove on anterior part, as in the Gray Long-eared Bat; rostrum short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA57902D18D1BC06" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA57902D18D1BC06" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA57902D181BBDA7" bold="true" box="[1451,1563,1652,1685]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Highly adaptable to different habitats, from forest and woodland to open and semi-open areas, such as agricultural fields and shrubland. Has been found over small brackish streams and in organic olive groves, and reported from karstic areas along Mediterranean coast. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F8A390B319C7BC39" box="[1887,1991,1770,1803]" name="Croatia" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Croatia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, found from sea level up to
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFF976A28F6AD90B317A8BC39" box="[2385,2472,1770,1803]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
, especially in xerophilous habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA5091631460BC9B" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA5091631460BC9B" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA50916318B5BC69" bold="true" box="[1452,1717,1850,1883]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Feeds mainly on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F84491631663BC69" box="[1976,2147,1850,1883]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(moths),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28F70B91631791BC69" box="[2295,2449,1850,1883]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(beetles), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFF976A28FA5191391815BCB3" box="[1453,1557,1888,1921]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(flies), by gleaning and aerial-hawking. Has been seen foraging in the open, hunting over bushes and forest clearings, in mannersimilar to the Gray Long-eared Bat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA5191F618AFB313" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA5191F618AFB313" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA5191F61833BCE2" bold="true" box="[1453,1587,1967,2000]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Maternity colonies said to range from a few tens to more than a hundred females, roosting in rocky crevices and old buildings. Sometimes in mixed colonies with other species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA579E771738B35D" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA579E771738B35D" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA579E771899B375" bold="true" box="[1451,1689,2094,2119]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Roosts in caves, cracks in walls, and rock crevices. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFF976A28F65B9E771416B375" box="[2471,2582,2094,2119]" name="Albania" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Albania</collectingCountry>
|
||
, uses bunkers as roost sites all year long, even during breeding season.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA519E2C17EBB38C" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA519E2C17EBB38C" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA519E2C1689B3A4" bold="true" box="[1453,2185,2165,2198]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Tends to shift roosts in winter; roosts individually or in small clusters of a few bats, in caves, mines, and trees.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA529E9D168CB26E" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA529E9D168CB26E" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA529E9D1909B3D7" bold="true" box="[1454,1801,2244,2277]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. No population estimates exist but the species is widespread and opportunistic in terms of habitat selection. Populations in Europe might be decreasing. Major threats in Europe may include roost disturbance by tourists; also pesticides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FF976A28FA529F3317BDB2C8" pageId="108" pageNumber="866" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFF976A28FA529F3317BDB2C8" blockId="108.[1450,2659,1147,2554]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFF976A28FA529F331848B2B1" bold="true" box="[1454,1608,2410,2435]" pageId="108" pageNumber="866">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Benda, Kiefer et al. (2004), Davy et al. (2007), Dietz & von Helversen (2004), Dietz & Kiefer (2016), Hutson, Aulagnier, Juste et al. (2008), Juste et al. (2004), Kiefer (2007), Kiefer et al. (2002), Krystufek & Vohralik (2001), Pavlini¢ & Tvrtkovi¢ (2004), Spitzenberger, Haring & Tvrtkovi¢ (2002), Spitzenberger, Pidlek & Haring (2001), Spitzenberger, Strelkov et al. (2006), Théou & Loce (2017), Tvrtkovi¢ et al. (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |