453 lines
51 KiB
XML
453 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8bdbd00b-4927-4adb-9609-0cc35e1a7920" ID-PMC="PMC9005471" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1090-161" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" ID-PubMed="35586844" ID-ZooBank="3B13C71EE11B49D2891C050DBD514872" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1090-161" checkinTime="1648647504971" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nethupul, Hasitha, Stoehr, Sabine & Zhang, Haibin" docDate="2022" docId="65DB291539785AACA2D42F51DDAE884D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1090: 161-216" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1090" docPubDate="2022-03-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292" docTitle="Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE" masterDocTitle="Order Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), new species and new records from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific seamounts" masterLastPageNumber="216" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1668151560559" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Order Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), new species and new records from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific seamounts</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nethupul, Hasitha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-2719</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 57200 Sanya, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stoehr, Sabine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-7239</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Swedish Museum of Natural History, Dept of Zoology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Haibin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-9851</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, 57200 Sanya, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">hzhang@idsse.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-03-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1090</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>161</mods:start>
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<mods:end>216</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1090-161</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3B13C71EE11B49D2891C050DBD514872</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">1E6F228182BA5078A6144181DB93F0DE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194310895" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65DB291539785AACA2D42F51DDAE884D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/65DB291539785AACA2D42F51DDAE884D" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName LSID="65DB2915-3978-5AAC-A2D4-2F51DDAE884D" authority="Matsumoto, 1911" authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema tubiferum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tubiferum">Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figures 12</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (F, G, J): 500 µm (B, H, I); 300 µm (A, C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">, 13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema tubiferum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tubiferum">Asteroschema tubiferum</taxonomicName>
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Matsumoto, 1911: 52; 1917: 44;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" author="Baker, AN" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="11 - 83" refId="B2" refString="Baker, AN, 1980. Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 11 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" title="Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" volume="7" year="1980">Baker 1980</bibRefCitation>
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: 22, fig. 4;
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<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, DG" journalOrPublisher="NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B51" refString="McKnight, DG, 2000. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida). NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington 115: 1 - 79" title="The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida)." volume="115" year="2000">McKnight 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 24, fig. 7.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="South" country="China" location="China" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>South</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="OK044298" collectingDate="2020-03-30" collectorName="Collecting, Shenhaiyongshi', GenBank, South" country="China" elevation="1515" latitude="13.603333" location="Sea" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="113.56233" municipality="Zhongsha Islands" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65DB291539785AACA2D42F51DDAE884D:A16CC67302416A6D631C512175FECEA3" country="China" latitude="13.603333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="113.56233" municipality="Zhongsha Islands" name="Sea">Sea</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Zhongsha Islands</collectingMunicipality>
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, seamount;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="36.20" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="13.603333">13°36.20'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="33.74" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="113.56233">113°33.74'E</geoCoordinate>
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; depth
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.515" unit="m" value="1515.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.515" unit="m" value="1515.0">1515 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2020-03-30">30 Mar. 2020</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>Collecting</collectorName>
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event: stn. SC025;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Shenhaiyongshi’">
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'
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<collectorName>Shenhaiyongshi'</collectorName>
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</normalizedToken>
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msv leg; preserved in -80 °C;
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<collectorName>GenBank</collectorName>
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:
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/OK044298">OK044298</accessionNumber>
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; IDSSE-EEB-SW0077 •
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>South</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="OK044297, OL712213" collectingDate="2020-08-09" collectorName="Shenhaiyongshi', GenBank, Northwest Pacific, Mariana Trench, Southeast" country="China" county="Collecting" elevation="1619" latitude="16.3685" location="Sea" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.11" municipality="East of Zhongsha Islands" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65DB291539785AACA2D42F51DDAE884D:DA1A4FA3FE8017D66F86495EC774AAF3" country="China" county="Collecting" latitude="16.3685" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="116.11" municipality="East of Zhongsha Islands" name="Sea">Sea</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>East of Zhongsha Islands</collectingMunicipality>
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, seamount;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="22.11" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.3685">16°22.11'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="06.60" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="116.11">116°06.60'E</geoCoordinate>
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; depth
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.619" unit="m" value="1619.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.619" unit="m" value="1619.0">1619 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2020-08-09">09 Aug. 2020</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectingCounty>Collecting</collectingCounty>
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event: stn. SC028;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Shenhaiyongshi’">
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'
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<collectorName>Shenhaiyongshi'</collectorName>
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</normalizedToken>
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msv leg; preserved in -80 °C;
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<collectorName>GenBank</collectorName>
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:
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<accessionNumber isEnumeration="true">OK044297, OL712213</accessionNumber>
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; IDSSE-EEB-SW0106.
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<collectorName>Northwest Pacific</collectorName>
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•
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<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
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; near
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<collectorName>Mariana Trench</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>Southeast</collectorName>
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of
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="OK044296, OL712212" collectingDate="2019-09-03" collectorName="Collecting, Shenhaiyongshi', GenBank" country="Guam Island" elevation="1377" latitude="11.953333" location="Guam Island" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="141.47783" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry name="Guam Island">Guam Island</collectingCountry>
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, deepsea seamount,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="north" minutes="57.20" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="11.953333">11°57.20'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="141" direction="east" minutes="28.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="141.47783">141°28.67'E</geoCoordinate>
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; depth
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.377" unit="m" value="1377.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.377" unit="m" value="1377.0">1377 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2019-09-03">03 Sep. 2019</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>Collecting</collectorName>
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event: stn. SC034;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Shenhaiyongshi’">
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'
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<collectorName>Shenhaiyongshi'</collectorName>
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</normalizedToken>
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msv leg; preserved in -80 °C;
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<collectorName>GenBank</collectorName>
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:
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<accessionNumber isEnumeration="true">OK044296, OL712212</accessionNumber>
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; IDSSE-EEB-SW0078
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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IDSSE-EEB-SW0078: disc diameter 10 mm, length of arms 200 mm (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Disc</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Disc flat, slightly raised above arms, swollen in center (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12A, B</figureCitation>
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). Disc covered with smooth, small, closely spaced, and evenly rounded or polygonal granular ossicles, dense in disc center (seven or eight grains in 1 mm), but larger and polygonal at distal edge (six or seven grains in 1 mm) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12C, D</figureCitation>
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). Radial shields not meeting in center, but converging (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12C</figureCitation>
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). Distal end of radial shields raised above disc and wider than proximal end (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12C</figureCitation>
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). Genital slits narrow, vertical on ventral interradii (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12E</figureCitation>
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). Jaws elongated, covered densely with granular ossicles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Flattened, pointed, and spearhead-shaped teeth and granular ossicles that resemble lateral oral papillae at apex of jaw (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral disc densely covered with granular and polygonal ossicles (seven or eight grains in 1 mm; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Adoral shields connected to first ventral arm segment and concealed by granular ossicles but outline of shields visible. Oral shields not discernible and adoral shield spine densely covered by ossicles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema tubiferum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW0078)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal disc
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
skin on the arm
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
|
||
lateral disc
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F</emphasis>
|
||
ventral disc
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal arm (proximal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal arm (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">I</emphasis>
|
||
ventral arm (proximal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">J</emphasis>
|
||
outer arm spine (proximal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">K</emphasis>
|
||
arm spines (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">L</emphasis>
|
||
arm spines (distal). Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">as</emphasis>
|
||
adoral shield,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">ars</emphasis>
|
||
arm spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">go</emphasis>
|
||
granular ossicle,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">gs</emphasis>
|
||
genital slit,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">iars</emphasis>
|
||
inner arm spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">j</emphasis>
|
||
jaw,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">oars</emphasis>
|
||
outer arm spine,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">rs</emphasis>
|
||
radial shield,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">t</emphasis>
|
||
teeth,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">tp</emphasis>
|
||
tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
); 1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E-G, I</emphasis>
|
||
); 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C, H, J, K</emphasis>
|
||
); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D, L</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Arms</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Arms at base wide, dorsally flattened, and swollen in first few free segments (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Arms distalwards from middle part narrowing and more cylindrical (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Asteroschema rubrum Lyman, 1879 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0072) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the disc E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H lateral arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ass adoral shield spine, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, ass adoral shield spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665886" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">10H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Swollen dorsal arm base and proximal end of arm covered with dense granular or polygonal ossicles similar to disc (five or seven grains in 1 mm), on middle segments with slightly separated granular ossicles (six or seven grains in 1 mm), and distally decreasing in size and separated (seven or eight grains in 1 mm) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Granular ossicles on lateral arm plates slightly separated, but continuing along arm. Ventral arm near arm base covered with granular ossicles similar to ventral disc (seven or eight grains in 1 mm), but less dense on middle half (five or six grains in 1 mm), and distally widely separated or naked (six or seven grains in 1 mm) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). On first few arm segments, tentacle pore with extended tube (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12J</figureCitation>
|
||
). First tentacle pore without arm spine (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12F</figureCitation>
|
||
). First arm spine appears at second arm segment, and second arm spine at eighth segment. Inner arm spine cylindrical, one arm segment in length, with blunt thorny tip, and slightly club-shaped (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Outer arm spine smaller in size, with smooth to thorny tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both arm spines equal in length at distal end of arm, and compound hook with three or four secondary teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Color</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In live specimen, reddish brown on dorsal disc and arm, light brown on ventral disc and arm (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A dorsal view B ventral view C dorsal disc D skin on the arm E lateral disc F ventral disc G dorsal arm (proximal) H dorsal arm (middle) I ventral arm (proximal) J outer arm spine (proximal) K arm spines (middle) L arm spines (distal). Abbreviations: as adoral shield, ars arm spine, go granular ossicle, gs genital slit, iars inner arm spine, j jaw, oars outer arm spine, rs radial shield, t teeth, tp tentacle pore. Scale bars: 2 mm (A, B); 1 mm (E-G, I); 500 µm (C, H, J, K); 200 µm (D, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665888" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="ossicle morphology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Ossicle morphology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Lateral arm plate with two arm spine articular structures, with large, separated muscle and nerve openings (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (F, G, J): 500 µm (B, H, I); 300 µm (A, C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">13A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inner arm spine distalwards from proximal part of arm cylindrical, with terminal projection, and thorny surface (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (F, G, J): 500 µm (B, H, I); 300 µm (A, C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">13B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Outer arm spine cylindrical, with pointed tip with few thorns (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (F, G, J): 500 µm (B, H, I); 300 µm (A, C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">13C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distally arm spine turns into compound hook with four secondary teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (F, G, J): 500 µm (B, H, I); 300 µm (A, C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">13D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Arm and disc concealed by less dense, wider, and shorter granular ossicles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (F, G, J): 500 µm (B, H, I); 300 µm (A, C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">13E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vertebrae with streptospondylous articulation, dorsally a large longitudinal furrow, ventrally with deep median longitudinal groove with lateral ambulacral canals, no oral bridge, podial basins relatively small (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Asteroschema tubiferum Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW 0078) A lateral arm plate B outer arm spine (middle) C inner arm spine (middle) D arm spine (distal) E skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles) F-J vertebrae F proximal view G distal view H lateral view I dorsal view J ventral view. Abbreviations: d dorsal, dist distal, lac lateral ambulacral canals, mo muscle opening, no nerve opening, pb podial basin, prox proximal, st secondary teeth, v ventral. Scale bars: 800 µm (F, G, J): 500 µm (B, H, I); 300 µm (A, C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">13F-J</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1090.76292.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/665889" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema tubiferum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Matsumoto, 1911 (IDSSE-EEB-SW0078)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral arm plate
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B</emphasis>
|
||
outer arm spine (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">C</emphasis>
|
||
inner arm spine (middle)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">D</emphasis>
|
||
arm spine (distal)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">E</emphasis>
|
||
skin from dorsal arm base (granular ossicles)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F-J</emphasis>
|
||
vertebrae
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F</emphasis>
|
||
proximal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">G</emphasis>
|
||
distal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">H</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">I</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">J</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">d</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">dist</emphasis>
|
||
distal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">lac</emphasis>
|
||
lateral ambulacral canals,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">mo</emphasis>
|
||
muscle opening,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">no</emphasis>
|
||
nerve opening,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">pb</emphasis>
|
||
podial basin,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">prox</emphasis>
|
||
proximal,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">st</emphasis>
|
||
secondary teeth,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">v</emphasis>
|
||
ventral. Scale bars: 800
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">F, G, J</emphasis>
|
||
): 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">B, H, I</emphasis>
|
||
); 300
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A, C-E</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">325-1800 m depth. New Zealand, Tasman Sea, Kermadec Islands, Bay of Plenty, Hawaii, Sagami Sea, the South China Sea, and Northwest Pacific seamount.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema tubiferum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4044/joma1889.23.258_631" author="Matsumoto, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Magazine" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="617 - 631" refId="B47" refString="Matsumoto, H, 1911. About Japanese Euryalidae. Dobutsugaku Zasshi Tokyo. Zoological Magazine 23: 617 - 631, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4044/joma1889.23.258_631" title="About Japanese Euryalidae. Dobutsugaku Zasshi Tokyo." url="https://doi.org/10.4044/joma1889.23.258_631" volume="23" year="1911">Matsumoto (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, then redescribed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Matsumoto, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 408" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7145928page/5/mode/1up" refId="B49" refString="Matsumoto, H, 1917. A monograph of Japanese Ophiuroidea, arranged according to a new classification. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo 38: 1 - 408, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7145928page/5/mode/1up" title="A monograph of Japanese Ophiuroidea, arranged according to a new classification." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7145928page/5/mode/1up" volume="38" year="1917">Matsumoto (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" author="Baker, AN" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="11 - 83" refId="B2" refString="Baker, AN, 1980. Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 11 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" title="Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the south-west Pacific Ocean." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.10423763" volume="7" year="1980">Baker (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, DG" journalOrPublisher="NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B51" refString="McKnight, DG, 2000. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida). NIWA N Biodiversity Memoir, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington 115: 1 - 79" title="The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida)." volume="115" year="2000">McKnight (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. These redescriptions are helpful to identify individual morphological character variation.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4044/joma1889.23.258_631" author="Matsumoto, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Magazine" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="617 - 631" refId="B47" refString="Matsumoto, H, 1911. About Japanese Euryalidae. Dobutsugaku Zasshi Tokyo. Zoological Magazine 23: 617 - 631, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4044/joma1889.23.258_631" title="About Japanese Euryalidae. Dobutsugaku Zasshi Tokyo." url="https://doi.org/10.4044/joma1889.23.258_631" volume="23" year="1911">Matsumoto (1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Matsumoto, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 408" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7145928page/5/mode/1up" refId="B49" refString="Matsumoto, H, 1917. A monograph of Japanese Ophiuroidea, arranged according to a new classification. Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University, Tokyo 38: 1 - 408, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7145928page/5/mode/1up" title="A monograph of Japanese Ophiuroidea, arranged according to a new classification." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7145928page/5/mode/1up" volume="38" year="1917">1917</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) mentioned that in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema tubiferum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the first ten arm segments have an extended tube in the tentacle pore (a sheath around the tentacle) that is closely attached to the arm spine and this character is present in our specimens. Previously,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tubiferum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had been recorded from both North and South Pacific Oceans at a wide distribution range. However, this is the first record from the South China Sea. The specimens from our collection concur with previous redescriptions, but we noticed a few variations such as less densely packed ossicles on ventral and lateral arm. The
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tubiferum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen from the South China Sea collection showed less dense granular ossicles on the ventral disc and arm.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Euryalidae" genus="Asteroschema" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asteroschema tubiferum" order="Euryalida" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tubiferum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Asteroschema tubiferum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
strongly resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. rubrum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="rubrum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. rubrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. laeve" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="laeve">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. laeve</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. inoratum" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="inoratum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. inoratum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the characters of the granulation pattern, tentacle scale on first few arm segments, shape of the arm and inner arm spine characters can be used to distinguish it from these species (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Tabular key to the species of Asteroschema and Ophiocreas. Abbreviations: ASS arm segment, ARS arm spine, GO granular ossicles, RS radial shield, CO conical ossicles, PO plate-like ossicles, TP terminal projection, GS genital slits." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FB8AE5BBB9BA374FFA6C03C1361A84BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" tableUuid="FB8AE5BBB9BA374FFA6C03C1361A84BF">2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |