treatments-xml/data/03/FA/86/03FA864EFF8D2F7DFF1AFB37FC15FCF8.xml

<document id="5A9462F19D13DF529D2EDCB55EC2FDED" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.657.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217474" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1722603694281" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Masson, Didier, Magain, Nicolas &amp; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël" docDate="2024" docId="03FA864EFF8D2F7DFF1AFB37FC15FCF8" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.657.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 657 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.657.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Parmotrema austrosinense Hale 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFC3FE36FF982F6AFF92FF84FF9FFFE4" masterDocTitle="Small island but great diversity: thirty six species of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), including sixteen new species, on Réunion (Mascarenes), with additional data from the Western Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1726075871790" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:title id="0995FEA04A56E587D670C77F9921D24A">Small island but great diversity: thirty six species of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), including sixteen new species, on Réunion (Mascarenes), with additional data from the Western Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4533B625E31359EB445B56D670897289">Masson, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B9F8E58AFFFFFCD314395E583865B51">Vertevoye, 2860 route d’Irieu, F- 40390 Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx, France di. masson @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3340 - 5472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2D0A9500AA96E3D568F413C6570BFE12">Magain, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="30860AB9A6AB80A4EB9065C50577DFB4">Evolution and Conservation Biology, InBios research centre, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 4, B- 4000 Liège, Belgium nicolas. magain @ uliege. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5409 - 9518</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A19BA05D50E2855784CD5F6F8640DC97">Sérusiaux, Emmanuël</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="36AB04AEA3B46A9CBED01FAA3A8442A2">Vertevoye, 2860 route d’Irieu, F- 40390 Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx, France di. masson @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3340 - 5472 &amp; Evolution and Conservation Biology, InBios research centre, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 4, B- 4000 Liège, Belgium e. serusiaux @ uliege. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0456 - 0131 * Corresponding author &amp; Vertevoye, 2860 route d’Irieu, F- 40390 Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx, France di. masson @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3340 - 5472</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C34964D3FF8D2F7FFF1AFB37FB9CFB28" box="[136,1027,1202,1229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8D2F7FFF1AFB37FB9CFB28" blockId="21.[136,1452,1202,1408]" box="[136,1027,1202,1229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF21149FF8D2F7FFF1AFB37FCE1FB28" author="Hale, M. E." box="[136,894,1202,1229]" page=")" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1974">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8D2F7FFF1AFB37FCE1FB28" ID-CoL="4DPVH" authority="(Zahlbr.) Hale (1974 a: 335) MycoBank" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Zahlbr." box="[136,894,1202,1229]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosinense">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFF1AFB37FE20FB28" bold="true" box="[136,447,1202,1229]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Parmotrema austrosinense</emphasis>
(Zahlbr.) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFDBDFB36FD64FB29" author="Hale, M. E." box="[559,763,1202,1229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="334 - 339" refId="ref122611" refString="Hale, M. E. (1974 a) New combinations in the lichen genus Parmotrema Massalongo. Phytologia 28: 334 - 339." type="journal article" year="1974">Hale (1974a: 335)</bibRefCitation>
MycoBank
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no. 343014
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8D2F7FFF1AFB5EFE23FB14" authority="Zahlbr." authorityName="Zahlbr." box="[136,444,1242,1264]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosinensis">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFF1AFB5EFEF0FB0B" box="[136,367,1242,1263]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Parmelia austrosinensis</emphasis>
Zahlbr.
</taxonomicName>
in Handel-Mazzetti (1930: 192) MycoBank no. 397194
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFF1AFB7AFF25FAF7" bold="true" box="[136,186,1278,1299]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FF8D2F7FFF45FB7AFD4EFAD3" collectingDate="1917-07-06" collectorName="H. Handel-Mazzetti" country="China" elevation="1250" location="Guiyang" municipality="Gwanyinschan" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guizhou">
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8D2F7FFF45FB7AFEB7FAF7" box="[215,296,1278,1299]" name="China" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">CHINA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFF8D2F7FFEA4FB7AFE13FAF0" box="[310,396,1278,1300]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
: near 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B88AD22FF8D2F7FFE5FFB7AFDC1FAF0" box="[461,606,1278,1300]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Gwanyinschan</collectingMunicipality>
, not far from 
<location id="8E8C6183FF8D2F7FFD66FB7AFCD6FAF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFF8D2F7DFF1AFB37FC15FCF8:8E8C6183FF8D2F7FFD66FB7AFCD6FAF0" box="[756,841,1278,1300]" country="China" municipality="Gwanyinschan" name="Guiyang" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" stateProvince="Guizhou">Guiyang</location>
, 
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<elevation id="007ED06BFF8D2F7FFCCAFB7AFC38FAF7" box="[856,935,1278,1300]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</elevation>
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, living branches of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8D2F7FFBE4FB7AFABAFAF7" box="[1142,1317,1278,1299]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Camellia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFBE4FB7AFABAFAF7" box="[1142,1317,1278,1299]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Camellia sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the warm temperate zone, 
<date id="FFED1198FF8D2F7FFEC8FAA6FE55FAD3" box="[346,458,1314,1336]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1917-07-06">
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FF8D2F7FFEC8FAA6FE55FAD3" box="[346,458,1314,1336]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="1917-07-06">6 July 1917</collectingDate>
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, 
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<collectorName id="26A6528EFF8D2F7FFE41FAA7FD10FAD3" box="[467,655,1314,1336]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. Handel-Mazzetti</collectorName>
10580
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FF8D2F7FFD44FAA6FED9FAB8" country="United States of America" location="US" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
(
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8D2F7FFD4EFAA6FD63FAD3" box="[732,764,1314,1335]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">US</collectingCountry>
[image!], 
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designated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFBD7FAA6FB34FADC" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1093,1195,1314,1336]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="16 - 24" refId="ref122361" refString="Hale, M. E. (1959) New or interesting species of Parmelia in North America. The Bryologist 62: 16 - 24." type="journal article" year="1959">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8D2F7FFBD7FAA6FBEDFADC" box="[1093,1138,1314,1336]" genus="Hale" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
1959
</bibRefCitation>
; WU [image!], W [image!] 
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFF8D2F7FFF2FFAC2FEA0FAB8" box="[189,319,1350,1372]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8D2F7FFF1AFAE2FF43FA64" blockId="21.[136,1452,1202,1408]" box="[136,220,1382,1408]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
(
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8D2F7FFF02FAE2FF4CFA64" box="[144,211,1382,1408]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[136,229,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,194,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[150,1435,193,994]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Parmotrema austrosinense. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Krog RE33/6 &amp; Timdal); D: Sorediate lobes with marginal linear soralia, and lower surface with erhizinate whitish marginal zone (van den Boom 40807). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217490/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8D2F7FFF1AFA2AFEBFF8D4" blockId="21.[136,1452,1454,2093]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFF1AFA2AFF43FA2C" box="[136,220,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thallus</emphasis>
foliose, moderately adnate, subcoriaceous, up to 6 × 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8D2F7FFCA5FA2AFC17FA2D" box="[823,904,1454,1481]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFC01FA2AFC49FA2C" box="[915,982,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lobes</emphasis>
rounded, imbricate, irregularly branched, 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8D2F7FFF1AFA56FF78FA09" box="[136,231,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="2.0">2–8 mm</quantity>
wide, rarely plane but most often concave, with margins undulated, ascendant, smooth or slightly crenate, eciliate (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8D2F7FFF7AFA72FEA0F9F4" box="[232,319,1526,1552]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[136,229,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,194,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[150,1435,193,994]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Parmotrema austrosinense. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Krog RE33/6 &amp; Timdal); D: Sorediate lobes with marginal linear soralia, and lower surface with erhizinate whitish marginal zone (van den Boom 40807). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217490/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFEC1FA73FE6CF9F4" box="[339,499,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Upper surface</emphasis>
grey-green, emaculate or faintly effigurate white-maculate, smooth near lobe tips but wrinkled in the older parts, sorediate, lacking schizidia, pustules, dactyls, lobules, phyllidia and isidia. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFA83F99EFAFCF9D0" box="[1297,1379,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Soralia</emphasis>
linear and marginal (and rarely orbicular submarginal in the Mauritian specimen) (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8D2F7FFC40F9BAFBB4F9BC" box="[978,1067,1598,1624]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[136,229,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,194,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[150,1435,193,994]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Parmotrema austrosinense. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Krog RE33/6 &amp; Timdal); D: Sorediate lobes with marginal linear soralia, and lower surface with erhizinate whitish marginal zone (van den Boom 40807). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217490/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFBACF9BAFB0BF9BC" box="[1086,1172,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Soredia</emphasis>
farinose, (20)– 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFAACF9BAFAF0F9BC" box="[1342,1391,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">30.3</emphasis>
–(45) µm in diameter (n = 60, from 
<specimenCount id="9D55FCD1FF8D2F7FFE4EF9E6FDF5F998" box="[476,618,1634,1660]" count="3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
, SD = 6.4 µm). 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFCB3F9E6FCE1F998" box="[801,894,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Medulla</emphasis>
white throughout. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFBC4F9E7FB68F998" box="[1110,1271,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lower surface</emphasis>
rugulose, black and mat in the central part, erhizinate marginal zone (ca. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8D2F7FFC8EF902FCE4F945" box="[796,891,1670,1697]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 mm</quantity>
wide) more or less shiny, ivory white (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8D2F7FFAD0F902FA02F944" box="[1346,1437,1670,1696]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[136,229,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,194,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[150,1435,193,994]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Parmotrema austrosinense. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Krog RE33/6 &amp; Timdal); D: Sorediate lobes with marginal linear soralia, and lower surface with erhizinate whitish marginal zone (van den Boom 40807). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217490/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
), sometimes mottled with brown at the sorediate lobes, light chestnut brown at the non-sorediate ones. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFB77F92EFADBF920" box="[1253,1348,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Rhizines</emphasis>
concolor to the lower surface, sparse to moderately dense, in the central part, up to 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8D2F7FFC2AF94AFB92F90D" box="[952,1037,1742,1769]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
long, mostly simple but occasionally 1–2 times branched. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFEE7F976FE78F8E8" box="[373,487,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Apothecia</emphasis>
absent. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFDD4F976FD35F8E8" box="[582,682,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Pycnidia</emphasis>
submarginal towards apices, black. 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8D2F7FFBD7F976FB00F8E8" box="[1093,1183,1778,1804]" class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" genus="Conidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arthoniales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFBD7F976FB00F8E8" box="[1093,1183,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Conidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not found (13 pycnidia investigated).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8D2F7FFF2FF8BEFA14F89C" blockId="21.[136,1452,1454,2093]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFF2FF8BEFEA4F8B0" bold="true" box="[189,315,1850,1876]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Chemistry</emphasis>
:— 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFECDF8BFFD08F8B0" box="[351,663,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Spot tests and fluorescence</emphasis>
: upper cortex K+ yellow, UV−; medulla K−, 
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFF8D2F7FFB3DF8BEFB5DF8B0" box="[1199,1218,1850,1876]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
+ red, 
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFF8D2F7FFA82F8BEFAA7F8B0" box="[1296,1336,1850,1876]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">KC</collectionCode>
+ red, P−, UV−. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFF5CF8DAFE53F89C" box="[206,460,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Secondary metabolites</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFF8D2F7FFE4EF8DAFD88F89C" box="[476,535,1886,1912]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">TLC</collectionCode>
): upper cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin; medulla with lecanoric acid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FF8D2F7FFF2FF806FD0AF7C8" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8D2F7FFF2FF806FD0AF7C8" blockId="21.[136,1452,1454,2093]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFF2FF806FE67F878" bold="true" box="[189,504,1922,1948]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
:—Pantropical species that extends into some warm-temperate areas (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFA8DF806FA38F879" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1311,1447,1922,1949]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="193 - 358" refId="ref122458" refString="Hale, M. E. (1965 a) A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 36: 193 - 358." type="journal article" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8D2F7FFA8DF806FAC9F878" box="[1311,1366,1922,1948]" genus="Hale" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
1965a
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFF1AF822FEA4F824" author="Louwhoff, S. H. J. J." box="[136,315,1958,1984]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="223 - 246" refId="ref125687" refString="Louwhoff, S. H. J. J. (2001) Biogeography of Hypotrachyna, Parmotrema and allied genera (Parmeliaceae) in the Pacific islands. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 78: 223 - 246." type="journal article" year="2001">Louwhoff 2001</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFEDAF822FD9CF824" author="Kurokawa, S." box="[328,515,1958,1984]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="721 - 738" refId="ref124620" refString="Kurokawa, S. (2006) Phytogeographical elements of the lichen flora of Japan. The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 100: 721 - 738." type="journal article" year="2006">Kurokawa 2006</bibRefCitation>
). It seems to be widespread in 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8D2F7FFCF4F822FC72F824" box="[870,1005,1958,1984]" name="Madagascar" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFC6CF822FB4EF824" author="des Abbayes, H." box="[1022,1233,1958,1984]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="81 - 121" refId="ref118844" refString="des Abbayes, H. (1961) Lichens recoltes a Madagascar et a la Reunion (mission H. des Abbayes, 1956). I. Introduction, II. Parmeliacees. Memoires de l'Institut scientifique de Madagascar, Serie B 10 (2): 81 - 121." type="journal article" year="1961">des Abbayes 1961</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFB4FF822FAE9F824" author="Aptroot, A." box="[1245,1398,1958,1984]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="401 - 408" refId="ref115319" refString="Aptroot, A. (1990) Lichens of Madagascar: new and interesting records and species. Cryptogamie, Bryologie Lichenologie 11 (4): 401 - 408." type="journal article" year="1990">Aptroot 1990</bibRefCitation>
) but there is no mention from the 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8D2F7FFE40F84EFDD5F800" box="[466,586,1994,2020]" name="Seychelles" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFDCBF84EFCE7F800" author="Seaward, M. R. D. &amp; Aptroot, A." box="[601,888,1994,2020]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="335 - 366" refId="ref130109" refString="Seaward, M. R. D. &amp; Aptroot, A. (2009) Checklist of lichens for the Seychelles group. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 99: 335 - 366." type="journal article" year="2009">Seaward &amp; Aptroot 2009</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8D2F7FFC16F84EFBE7F800" author="Diederich, P. &amp; Lucking, R. &amp; Aptroot, A. &amp; Sipman, H. J. M. &amp; Braun, U. &amp; Ahti, T." box="[900,1144,1994,2021]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="182 - 236" refId="ref118973" refString="Diederich, P., Lucking, R., Aptroot, A., Sipman, H. J. M., Braun, U., Ahti, T. &amp; Ertz, D. (2017) New species and new records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from the Seychelles. Herzogia 30 (1): 182 - 236." type="journal article" year="2017">
Diederich 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFC68F84FFBB3F800" box="[1018,1068,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
). In the Mascarene Islands, this taxon is apparently rare, known from only two localities on 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8D2F7FFCD9F86AFC35F7EC" box="[843,938,2030,2056]" name="Réunion" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Réunion</collectingCountry>
(van den Boom 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8D2F7FFBF3F86BFB0EF7EC" box="[1121,1169,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 2011, present work, 
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8D2F7FFAEDF86AFF33F7C8" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[136,229,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,194,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[150,1435,193,994]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Parmotrema austrosinense. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Krog RE33/6 &amp; Timdal); D: Sorediate lobes with marginal linear soralia, and lower surface with erhizinate whitish marginal zone (van den Boom 40807). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217490/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) and only one on 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8D2F7FFEE7F796FE7DF7C8" box="[373,482,2066,2092]" name="Mauritius" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
(present work).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2C67D0FF8E2F7CFF1AFC7EFB92FB98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217490/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[136,229,1018,1040]" targetBox="[160,1434,194,991]" targetPageId="22" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8E2F7CFF1AFC7EFB92FB98" blockId="22.[136,1452,1018,1148]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFF1AFC7EFE9EFBEB" bold="true" box="[136,257,1018,1040]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFE99FC7FFD8EFBF4" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Zahlbr." box="[267,529,1019,1040]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosinense">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFE99FC7FFD8EFBF4" box="[267,529,1019,1040]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Parmotrema austrosinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFDB3FC7EFDADFBEB" bold="true" box="[545,562,1018,1039]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFBF8FC7EFBE5FBEB" bold="true" box="[1130,1146,1018,1039]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFBA6FB9AFA1EFBD7" author="Rivas-Martinez, S. &amp; Rivas-Saenz, S. &amp; Penas, A." box="[1076,1409,1054,1076]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 634" refId="ref129604" refString="Rivas-Martinez, S., Rivas-Saenz, S. &amp; Penas, A. (2011) Worldwide bioclimatic classification system. Global Geobotany 1: 1 - 634 + 4 maps." type="book chapter" year="2011">
Rivas-Martínez 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFB42FB9BFB65FBD7" box="[1232,1274,1054,1076]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
. 2011: 17–18
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFA01FB9AFA3BFBD0" bold="true" box="[1427,1444,1054,1076]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
: Gross morphology of thallus (
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFE38FBC7FD15FBB3" box="[426,650,1090,1112]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Krog RE33/6 &amp; Timdal</emphasis>
); 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFD0DFBC6FD2FFBB3" bold="true" box="[671,688,1090,1111]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
: Sorediate lobes with marginal linear soralia, and lower surface with erhizinate whitish marginal zone (
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFEF9FBE3FDA9FB9F" box="[363,566,1126,1148]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFEF9FBE3FE11FB98" box="[363,398,1127,1148]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="van">van</taxonomicName>
den Boom 40807
</emphasis>
). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FF8E2F7DFF2FFB2FFE2DFE50" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8E2F7CFF2FFB2FFD6BFA79" blockId="22.[136,1452,1195,2049]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFF2FFB2FFE83FB21" bold="true" box="[189,284,1195,1221]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ecology</emphasis>
:—In the Mascarene Islands and 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8E2F7CFD0DFB2FFCB7FB21" box="[671,808,1195,1221]" name="Madagascar" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, corticolous on trunks and branches of various trees or shrubs (
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFF73FB4BFEEFFB0D" box="[225,368,1231,1257]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cryptomeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFF73FB4BFEEFFB0D" box="[225,368,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cryptomeria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFEEFFB4BFE24FB0C" box="[381,443,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Erica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFEEFFB4BFE24FB0C" box="[381,443,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Erica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFE5AFB4BFD99FB0C" box="[456,518,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFE5AFB4BFD99FB0C" box="[456,518,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ficus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFD81FB4BFD14FB0D" box="[531,651,1231,1257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Jacaranda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFD81FB4BFD14FB0D" box="[531,651,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Jacaranda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFD0AFB4BFC91FB0D" box="[664,782,1231,1257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFD0AFB4BFC91FB0D" box="[664,782,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Mangifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFC89FB4BFCEBFB0C" box="[795,884,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFC89FB4BFCEBFB0C" box="[795,884,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Uapaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFC13FB4BFC79FB0C" box="[897,998,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Vernonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFC13FB4BFC79FB0C" box="[897,998,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Vernonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). One of the two collections for 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8E2F7CFADEFB4BFA34FB0D" box="[1356,1451,1231,1257]" name="Réunion" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Réunion</collectingCountry>
was on an introduced tree species (
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFDB8FB77FC13FAE9" authority="D. Don" authorityName="D. Don" box="[554,908,1267,1293]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cryptomeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFDB8FB77FCB9FAE8" box="[554,806,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cryptomeria japonica</emphasis>
D. Don
</taxonomicName>
), in an anthropized environment (picnic area). Bioclimate of this locality (
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8E2F7CFE24FA93FE61FAD5" box="[438,510,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
elevation) is pluvial tropical in the upper thermotropical belt (It = 495) and the upper humid ombrotype belt (Io = 11.4). The bioclimate of the second locality (
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8E2F7CFC3DFABFFB9CFAB1" box="[943,1027,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1190.0">1190 m</quantity>
elevation) is also pluvial tropical with an ombrotype belt upper humid (Io = 10.9), and a thermotype belt lower mesotropical (It = 415) (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8E2F7CFB76FADBFAA2FA9D" box="[1252,1341,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="22.[136,229,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[160,1434,194,991]" captionTargetId="figure-19@22.[150,1435,193,994]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 8. Parmotrema austrosinense. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Gross morphology of thallus (Krog RE33/6 &amp; Timdal); D: Sorediate lobes with marginal linear soralia, and lower surface with erhizinate whitish marginal zone (van den Boom 40807). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 10 mm; D = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217490/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). For this location, the phorophyte and the habitat are not known.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8E2F7CFF2FFA23FE89F9ED" blockId="22.[136,1452,1195,2049]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFF2FFA23FE9FFA25" bold="true" box="[189,256,1447,1473]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Notes</emphasis>
:—Among the Reunionese species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFD34FA23FCACFA24" box="[678,819,1447,1472]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFD34FA23FCACFA24" box="[678,819,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Parmotrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFCD2FA23FC6BFA24" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Zahlbr." box="[832,1012,1447,1472]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosinense">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFCD2FA23FC6BFA24" box="[832,1012,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. austrosinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFB65FA23FAF7FA24" box="[1271,1384,1447,1472]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cooperi">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFB65FA23FAF7FA24" box="[1271,1384,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. cooperi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both have linear marginal soralia and lecanoric acid in the medulla; however, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFC24FA4FFBB4FA00" box="[950,1067,1483,1509]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cooperi">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFC24FA4FFC58FA00" box="[950,967,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFC47FA4FFBB4FA00" box="[981,1067,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">cooperi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a more coriaceous thallus and ciliate lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8E2F7CFF2FF997FD79F7E5" blockId="22.[136,1452,1195,2049]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
The typification of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFE08F997FDCFF9C8" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Zahlbr." box="[410,592,1555,1580]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosinense">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFE08F997FDCFF9C8" box="[410,592,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. austrosinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is confused (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFD7AF997FBB3F9C9" author="Spielmann, A. A. &amp; Marcelli, M. P." box="[744,1068,1555,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="551 - 595" refId="ref130627" refString="Spielmann, A. A. &amp; Marcelli, M. P. (2009) Parmotrema s. l. (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from Serra Geral slopes in central Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Hoehnea 36: 551 - 595." type="journal article" year="2009">Spielmann &amp; Marcelli 2009</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFBADF997FB58F9C9" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1087,1223,1554,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="16 - 24" refId="ref122361" refString="Hale, M. E. (1959) New or interesting species of Parmelia in North America. The Bryologist 62: 16 - 24." type="journal article" year="1959">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFBADF997FBEBF9C9" box="[1087,1140,1555,1581]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
(1959)
</bibRefCitation>
designated 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFAC2F997FEAAF9B5" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Handel-Mazzetti 10580</emphasis>
, from the Plitt lichen herbarium (BPI), as the 
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFF8E2F7CFCADF9B3FC36F9B5" box="[831,937,1591,1617]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
. The other collection (
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFB3AF9B3FA3DF9B5" box="[1192,1442,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Handel-Mazzetti 8209</emphasis>
) conserved in BPI was attributed by him to 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFDFCF9DFFCC7F991" box="[622,856,1627,1653]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Cetrelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cetrarioides">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFDFCF9DFFCC7F991" box="[622,856,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Cetrelia cetrarioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Later on, however, in his monograph (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFA8AF9DFFA01F991" author="Hale, M. E." box="[1304,1438,1626,1653]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="193 - 358" refId="ref122458" refString="Hale, M. E. (1965 a) A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 36: 193 - 358." type="journal article" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFA8AF9DFFAD0F991" box="[1304,1359,1627,1653]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
1965a
</bibRefCitation>
), he cited 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFF77F9FBFE73F97D" box="[229,492,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Handel-Mazzetti 10580</emphasis>
from WU as the 
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFF8E2F7CFD3AF9FBFC8DF97D" box="[680,786,1663,1689]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, with 
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFF8E2F7CFCC1F9FBFC7AF97D" box="[851,997,1663,1689]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="isolectotype">isolectotypes</typeStatus>
in BPI and W. Subsequent authors either follow 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFF49F927FEEFF959" author="Hale, M. E." box="[219,368,1698,1725]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="193 - 358" refId="ref122458" refString="Hale, M. E. (1965 a) A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 36: 193 - 358." type="journal article" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFF49F927FE8FF959" box="[219,272,1699,1725]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
(1965a)
</bibRefCitation>
for the lectotypification (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFD5EF927FC7AF959" author="Krog, H. &amp; Swinscow, T. D. V." box="[716,997,1699,1725]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="143 - 231" refId="ref124129" refString="Krog, H. &amp; Swinscow, T. D. V. (1981) Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia (lichens) in East Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany series 9: 143 - 231." type="book chapter" year="1981">Krog &amp; Swinscow 1981</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFC66F927FBF8F959" author="Elix, J. A." box="[1012,1127,1699,1725]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="140 - 162" refId="ref120420" refString="Elix, J. A. (1994) Parmotrema. Flora of Australia 55: 140 - 162." type="journal article" year="1994">Elix 1994</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFBE7F927FA1CF959" author="Divakar, P. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K." box="[1141,1411,1698,1725]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref119200" refString="Divakar, P. K. &amp; Upreti, D. K. (2005) Parmelioid Lichens in India (A revisionary study). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, 488 pp." type="book" year="2005">Divakar &amp; Upreti 2005</bibRefCitation>
) or follow 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFF45F943FEC3F905" author="Hale, M. E." box="[215,348,1734,1761]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="16 - 24" refId="ref122361" refString="Hale, M. E. (1959) New or interesting species of Parmelia in North America. The Bryologist 62: 16 - 24." type="journal article" year="1959">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFF45F943FE93F905" box="[215,268,1735,1761]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
(1959)
</bibRefCitation>
(e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFE08F943FD4BF905" author="Spielmann, A. A. &amp; Marcelli, M. P." box="[410,724,1735,1761]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="551 - 595" refId="ref130627" refString="Spielmann, A. A. &amp; Marcelli, M. P. (2009) Parmotrema s. l. (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from Serra Geral slopes in central Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Hoehnea 36: 551 - 595." type="journal article" year="2009">Spielmann &amp; Marcelli 2009</bibRefCitation>
), but without having examined the type collections. Images of the specimens can be seen in the virtual herbaria of 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8E2F7CFD34F96FFD53F8E1" box="[678,716,1771,1797]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">US</collectingCountry>
, W and WU. The two collections housed at 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8E2F7CFB2EF96FFB7FF8E1" box="[1212,1248,1771,1797]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">US</collectingCountry>
are in accordance with 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFF51F88BFECFF8CD" author="Hale, M. E." box="[195,336,1806,1833]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="16 - 24" refId="ref122361" refString="Hale, M. E. (1959) New or interesting species of Parmelia in North America. The Bryologist 62: 16 - 24." type="journal article" year="1959">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFF51F88BFF67F8CD" box="[195,248,1807,1833]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
(1959)
</bibRefCitation>
: 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFECEF88BFDF9F8CD" box="[348,614,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Handel-Mazzetti 10580</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8E2F7CFDE4F88BFD04F8CD" box="[630,667,1807,1833]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">US</collectingCountry>
00068729) is marked ‘lectotype’, handwritten on a 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFB63F88BFAB9F8CD" box="[1265,1318,1807,1833]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
label dated 1959, and 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFF69F8B7FE6CF8A9" box="[251,499,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Handel-Mazzetti 8209</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8E2F7CFD93F8B7FDB9F8A9" box="[513,550,1843,1869]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">US</collectingCountry>
00068730) is not a 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFD6DF8B7FC13F8A8" box="[767,908,1843,1868]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFD6DF8B7FC13F8A8" box="[767,908,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Parmotrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, being pseudocyphellate. The collection 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFAC2F8B7FEAAF895" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Handel-Mazzetti 10580</emphasis>
at WU (WU 069715) has a 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFDE1F8D3FD37F895" box="[627,680,1879,1905]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
label with the handwritten indications ‘lectotype’, underlined twice, and with two dates: 1962 and 1989; the specimen kept at W (W-KRYPT 1923-0004751) has a handwritten annotation ‘lectotype’ by 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8E2F7CFEBBF81BFEC1F85D" box="[297,350,1951,1977]" genus="Hale" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
dated 1962. The 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8E2F7CFDB2F81BFC86F85D" box="[544,793,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Handel-Mazzetti 8209</emphasis>
specimens at WU (WU 069727) and W (W-KRYPT 1926- 0002226) both contain, at least in part, a pseudocyphellate species. As 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8E2F7CFC0DF847FBBAF839" author="Hale, M. E." box="[927,1061,1986,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="16 - 24" refId="ref122361" refString="Hale, M. E. (1959) New or interesting species of Parmelia in North America. The Bryologist 62: 16 - 24." type="journal article" year="1959">Hale’s 1959</bibRefCitation>
lectotypification is valid, the 1965 lectotypification has no status and can be disregarded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8F2F7DFF2FFF1AFC3AFEC1" blockId="23.[136,1452,158,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
This species is photophilous and drought tolerant (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8F2F7DFD6FFF1AFCE2FF5C" author="Krog, H." box="[765,893,158,184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="379 - 384" refId="ref123992" refString="Krog, H. (1987) Altitudinal zonation of tropical lichens. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 25: 379 - 384." type="journal article" year="1987">Krog 1987</bibRefCitation>
). In eastern and southern Africa, it is common in dry and well-lit sites such as semi-arid open tree savannas (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8F2F7DFCB7FF46FC35FF39" author="Hale, M. E." box="[805,938,194,221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="193 - 358" refId="ref122458" refString="Hale, M. E. (1965 a) A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 36: 193 - 358." type="journal article" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFCB7FF46FCC3FF38" box="[805,860,194,220]" genus="Hale" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="genus">Hale</taxonomicName>
1965a
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8F2F7DFC24FF47FB56FF38" author="Krog, H. &amp; Swinscow, T. D. V." box="[950,1225,194,221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="143 - 231" refId="ref124129" refString="Krog, H. &amp; Swinscow, T. D. V. (1981) Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia (lichens) in East Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany series 9: 143 - 231." type="book chapter" year="1981">Krog &amp; Swinscow 1981</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FF8F2F7DFB47FF46FA3FFF38" author="Zedda, L. &amp; Schultz, M. &amp; Rambold, G." box="[1237,1440,194,221]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="153 - 164" refId="ref132731" refString="Zedda, L., Schultz, M. &amp; Rambold, G. (2009) Diversity of epiphytic lichens in the savannah biome of Namibia. Herzogia 22: 153 - 164." type="journal article" year="2009">
Zedda 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFAB1FF47FACAFF38" box="[1315,1365,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
). Thus, the apparent scarcity of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFE49FF63FD0FFEE4" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Zahlbr." box="[475,656,231,256]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosinense">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFE49FF63FD0FFEE4" box="[475,656,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. austrosinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8F2F7DFD28FF62FC86FEE4" box="[698,793,230,256]" name="Réunion" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Réunion</collectingCountry>
is perhaps explained by the fact that we did not survey the driest habitats of the island, located at low elevation in its western part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8F2F7DFF2FFEABFE2DFE50" blockId="23.[136,1452,158,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFF2FFEABFE74FEAC" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Zahlbr." box="[189,491,303,328]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="austrosinense">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFF2FFEABFE74FEAC" box="[189,491,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Parmotrema austrosinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was resolved as sister to all accessions of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFC59FEABFBCBFEAC" authorityName="Hale" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Despr. ex Nyl." box="[971,1108,303,328]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="tinctorum">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFC59FEABFBCBFEAC" box="[971,1108,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. tinctorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8F2F7DFBF6FEAAFB37FEAC" box="[1124,1192,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[210,1381,204,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-20@16.[197,1389,191,1850]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogeny of the Parmotrema species studied. Best ML tree resulted from a RaxML analysis of three loci (EF1-α, ITS, mtSSU) and 102 specimens. Punctelia toxodes was selected as the outgroup. Bootstrap values are represented above the branches, and thick branches have bootstrap support value ≥ 70. Results of the species delimitation analyses are summarized to the right of the terminal labels of the tree. The first column corresponds to the results of the Stacey analysis, while the second column corresponds to the results of the bPP analysis. Specimens attributed the same colour were reconstructed as part of the same putative species by the species delimitation analysis. Major medullary extrolites are also shown for each specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217480/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), a widespread species also producing lecanoric acid, but with a different morphology and producing isidia. In our phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences (
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFF8F2F7DFEF2FEF2FE39FE74" box="[352,422,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[136,229,1553,1575]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,216,1510]" captionTargetId="graphics-18@17.[149,1438,191,1527]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. Global tree (best scoring maximum likelihood tree) of Parmotrema based on the fungal ITS barcoding marker. Figure can be enlarged for a better reading of labels. Accessions in black are those retrieved from GenBank on June 2023. Those in red are those produced by the authors for this study. Bootstrap support is indicated on branch when ≥ 70%." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217482/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), the specimen from 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8F2F7DFD05FEF2FC9BFE74" box="[663,772,374,400]" name="Mauritius" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
nests in a well supported clade with collections from 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8F2F7DFAF8FEF2FF53FE51" name="South Korea" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">South Korea</collectingCountry>
and Canary Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FF8F2F7DFF2FFE3AFEE9FD8C" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8F2F7DFF2FFE3AFEE9FD8C" blockId="23.[136,1452,158,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFF2FFE3AFE22FE3C" bold="true" box="[189,445,446,472]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Specimens examined</emphasis>
:— 
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8F2F7DFE4CFE3AFDCCFE3C" box="[478,595,446,472]" name="France" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFF8F2F7DFDF7FE3AFD57FE3C" box="[613,712,446,472]" country="France" name="Reunion" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Réunion</collectingRegion>
: Cilaos, where the road crosses Ravine Pissa, elev. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8F2F7DFADBFE3AFA38FE3D" box="[1353,1447,446,473]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1190.0">1190 m</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFF8F2F7DFF1AFE66FE91FE19" box="[136,270,482,509]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-21.115833">21°06’57”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFF8F2F7DFE8EFE66FE3BFE19" box="[284,420,482,509]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" seconds="26" value="55.457222">55°27’26”E</geoCoordinate>
, on bark of twig, 
<date id="FFED1198FF8F2F7DFDFDFE66FCAFFE18" box="[623,816,482,508]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1996-10-02">02 October 1996</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFCAEFE67FB16FE18" box="[828,1161,482,509]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">H. Krog RE33/6 &amp; E. Timdal</emphasis>
(O L-231250); Petite-Île, Manapany les Hauts, elev. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8F2F7DFE2BFD82FD9CFDC5" box="[441,515,518,545]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFF8F2F7DFD82FD82FD1CFDC4" box="[528,643,518,544]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="19.6" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="92" value="-21.326666">21°19.6’S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFF8F2F7DFD02FD82FC9AFDC5" box="[656,773,518,545]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="35.2" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="92" value="55.586666">55°35.2’E</geoCoordinate>
, open picnic place with mature 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFBFDFD83FAF7FDC4" box="[1135,1384,519,545]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cryptomeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFBFDFD83FAF7FDC4" box="[1135,1384,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cryptomeria japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
trees, shrubs and mixed trees, including orchard with fruit trees, on 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFCA2FDAFFC20FDA1" box="[816,959,555,581]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cryptomeria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFCA2FDAFFC20FDA1" box="[816,959,555,581]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Cryptomeria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="FFED1198FF8F2F7DFC5FFDAEFBFCFDA0" box="[973,1123,554,581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2008-06-07">07 June 2008</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFBFFFDAFFA34FDA0" box="[1133,1451,554,581]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
P. &amp; 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFB31FDAFFB76FDA0" box="[1187,1257,555,580]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="van">B. van</taxonomicName>
den Boom 40807
</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFF02FDCAFF75FD8D" box="[144,234,590,617]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="van">Hb. van</taxonomicName>
den Boom).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FF8F2F7DFF2FFDF6FC15FCF8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8F2F7DFF2FFDF6FE54FD31" blockId="23.[136,1452,158,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FF8F2F7DFF2FFDF6FE57FD31" collectingDate="1955-06" collectingDateMax="1956-11" collectingDateMin="1955-06" collectionCode="REN" collectorName="J. Bosser" country="Madagascar" county="Ambovombe" elevation="100" location="Alaotra-Mangoro" municipality="Androy" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="REN 000084, REN 000085" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8F2F7DFF2FFDF6FE17FD68" box="[189,392,626,652]" name="Madagascar" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
. 
<location id="8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFE01FDF6FDC4FD68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFF8D2F7DFF1AFB37FC15FCF8:8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFE01FDF6FDC4FD68" box="[403,603,626,652]" country="Madagascar" county="Ambovombe" municipality="Androy" name="Alaotra-Mangoro" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Alaotra-Mangoro</location>
: 
<location id="8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFDF5FDF6FCBFFD68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFF8D2F7DFF1AFB37FC15FCF8:8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFDF5FDF6FCBFFD68" box="[615,800,626,652]" country="Madagascar" county="Ambovombe" municipality="Androy" name="Amparafaravola" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Amparafaravola</location>
, lac 
<location id="8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFCC4FDF6FC32FD68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFF8D2F7DFF1AFB37FC15FCF8:8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFCC4FDF6FC32FD68" box="[854,941,626,652]" country="Madagascar" county="Ambovombe" municipality="Androy" name="Alaotra" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Alaotra</location>
, végétation sur dune sableuse, 
<date id="FFED1198FF8F2F7DFA81FDF7FA14FD69" box="[1299,1419,626,653]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1955-06">
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FF8F2F7DFA81FDF7FA14FD69" box="[1299,1419,626,653]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1955-06">June 1955</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFA0AFDF7FE8AFD54" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectorName id="26A6528EFF8F2F7DFA0AFDF7FF4BFD54" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">J. Bosser</collectorName>
8083
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBF59F23FF8F2F7DFEB7FD12FE5FFD54" box="[293,448,662,688]" collectionCode="REN" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35038" name="Culture Scientifique et Technique (CST) Université de Rennes 1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Herbarium">REN 000084</specimenCode>
); 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B88AD22FF8F2F7DFE41FD12FDB2FD54" box="[467,557,662,688]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Androy</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<collectingCounty id="628D4FD4FF8F2F7DFDA5FD12FD53FD54" box="[567,716,662,688]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ambovombe</collectingCounty>
, elev. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8F2F7DFC87FD12FCC0FD55" box="[789,863,662,689]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="007ED06BFF8F2F7DFC87FD12FCC0FD55" box="[789,863,662,689]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, bush dégradé sur sable, 
<date id="FFED1198FF8F2F7DFBEFFD12FAA8FD55" box="[1149,1335,662,689]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1956-11">
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FF8F2F7DFBEFFD12FAA8FD55" box="[1149,1335,662,689]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1956-11">November 1956</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFAD1FD13FE88FD30" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectorName id="26A6528EFF8F2F7DFAD1FD13FA34FD54" box="[1347,1451,663,688]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">J. Bosser</collectorName>
10.131 parte
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBF59F23FF8F2F7DFEB4FD3EFE20FD31" box="[294,447,698,725]" collectionCode="REN" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35038" name="Culture Scientifique et Technique (CST) Université de Rennes 1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Herbarium">REN 000085</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FF8F2F7DFF2FFD5AFC15FCF8" blockId="23.[136,1452,158,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FF8F2F7DFF2FFD5AFC19FCF8" collectingDate="2019-08-30" collectorName="P. Diederich &amp; Hb. P. Diederich" country="Mauritius" elevation="280" latitude="-20.228611" location="State House Park" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="57.486946" municipality="Reduit" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moka">
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FF8F2F7DFF2FFD5AFEC3FD1C" box="[189,348,734,760]" name="Mauritius" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MAURITIUS</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFF8F2F7DFEFCFD5AFD8AFD1C" box="[366,533,734,760]" country="Mauritius" name="Moka" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Moka District</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B88AD22FF8F2F7DFDB5FD5AFDEAFD1C" box="[551,629,734,760]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Réduit</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFD15FD5AFCC7FD1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFF8D2F7DFF1AFB37FC15FCF8:8E8C6183FF8F2F7DFD15FD5AFCC7FD1C" box="[647,856,734,761]" country="Mauritius" latitude="-20.228611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="57.486946" municipality="Reduit" name="State House Park" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Moka">State House Park</location>
, elev. 
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFF8F2F7DFC3EFD5AFC63FD1D" box="[940,1020,734,761]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="280.0">
<elevation id="007ED06BFF8F2F7DFC3EFD5AFC63FD1D" box="[940,1020,734,761]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFF8F2F7DFB9DFD5AFB09FD1C" box="[1039,1174,734,760]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-20.228611">20°13’43”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFF8F2F7DFB3AFD5AFAAEFD1D" box="[1192,1329,734,761]" degrees="57" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="15" seconds="13" value="57.486946">57°29’13”E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectedFrom id="384F74A5FF8F2F7DFAD1FD5BFE95FCF8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
on 
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFF8F2F7DFAFFFD5BFE95FCF8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpa">
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFAFFFD5BFE95FCF8" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ficus microcarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, 
<date id="FFED1198FF8F2F7DFE8AFC86FE53FCF8" box="[280,460,770,796]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2019-08-30">
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FF8F2F7DFE8AFC86FE53FCF8" box="[280,460,770,796]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2019-08-30">30 August 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFF8F2F7DFE45FC87FD30FCF8" box="[471,687,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectorName id="26A6528EFF8F2F7DFE45FC87FDFCFCF8" box="[471,611,770,796]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. Diederich</collectorName>
19278
</emphasis>
(
<collectorName id="26A6528EFF8F2F7DFD2DFC86FCE1FCF8" box="[703,894,770,797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hb. P. Diederich</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>