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<document id="AB875F9268FD208F79ED1E7355EE8073" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.515.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8061143" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1687282820830" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Beek, Abraham Van De" docDate="2021" docId="03DE3646FFA5FFF6FF43FE56FBBEFCF7" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.515.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 515 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.515.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Rubus titanus L. H. Bailey 1925" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FFE74E3EFF8FFFDDFFCBFFE1FF96FF93" masterDocTitle="Rubi Capenses: a further contribution to the knowledge of the genus Rubus (Rosaceae) in South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1687286457119" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A0EE19B5696FA97B1F97F0419A367536">Rubi Capenses: a further contribution to the knowledge of the genus Rubus (Rosaceae) in South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F7AB162924447806E8E4CE9F9FD972E6">Beek, Abraham Van De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B31398223CD34E9628562A9F858C6238">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BCB97F6008C6344649B43BD7BE98243E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="0FEF804CA42B3C9C84E52C0218C43FD8" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.515.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="76B56136DF9F7576DEED06BB86B9371B" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DE3646FFA5FFF6FF43FE56FBBEFCF7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061145" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8061145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFA5FFF6FF43FE56FBBEFCF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE3646FFA5FFF6FF43FE56FBBEFCF7" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFA5FFF7FF43FE56FC0DFD8A" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFA5FFF7FF43FE56FC0DFD8A" blockId="42.[136,1452,439,538]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FF43FE56FF3DFE42" bold="true" box="[136,171,439,465]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFA5FFF7FF78FE56FDA2FE41" ID-CoL="4TM7W" ID-ENA="2904927" authority="Bailey (1925: 222)" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityPageNumber="222" authorityYear="1925" box="[179,564,439,466]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="titanus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FF78FE56FEC2FE42" bold="true" box="[179,340,439,466]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Rubus titanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFA5FFF7FE97FE56FDA2FE41" author="Bailey, L. H." box="[348,564,439,466]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="200 - 297" refId="ref45932" refString="Bailey, L. H. (1925) Rubus: enumeration of the Eubati (Dewberries and Blackberries) native in North America. Gentes Herbarum 1: 200 - 297." type="journal article" year="1925">Bailey (1925: 222)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54CC39F2FFA5FFF7FDF4FE59FDECFE41" box="[575,634,440,466]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Type</typeStatus>
:—to be designated (James Reveal selected
<typeStatus id="54CC39F2FFA5FFF7FBADFE59FB37FE41" box="[1126,1185,440,466]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">types</typeStatus>
for the taxa that Bailey described from the Bailey herbarium, but he died before he could publish these. The publication is left to Mark Widrlechner, as also for other American species that Bailey described)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF08D7D8FFA5FFF7FF43F944FCD2F973" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061183" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8061183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8061183/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[136,229,1701,1723]" targetBox="[151,1436,563,1677]" targetPageId="42" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFA5FFF7FF43F944FCD2F973" blockId="42.[136,1451,1701,1760]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FF43F944FE9BF929" bold="true" box="[136,269,1701,1723]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFA5FFF7FEDEF947FE0DF928" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1925" box="[277,411,1702,1723]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="titanus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FEDEF947FE0DF928" box="[277,411,1702,1723]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Rubus titanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FE60F944FE54F929" bold="true" box="[427,450,1701,1722]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A.</emphasis>
Habit.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FDC4F947FDB3F928" bold="true" box="[527,549,1702,1723]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">B.</emphasis>
Primocanes and leaves.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FCD5F944FCA3F928" bold="true" box="[798,821,1701,1723]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C.</emphasis>
Primocane.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FC7FF947FC5DF928" bold="true" box="[948,971,1702,1723]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D.</emphasis>
Primocane.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FB82F947FBF6F928" bold="true" box="[1097,1120,1702,1723]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">E.</emphasis>
Leaflet.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FB70F947FB58F928" bold="true" box="[1211,1230,1702,1723]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">F.</emphasis>
Flowering branch.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FA58F944FA3DF928" bold="true" box="[1427,1451,1701,1723]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">G.</emphasis>
Inflorescence.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FEDEF92BFEB8F94C" bold="true" box="[277,302,1738,1759]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">H.</emphasis>
Inflorescence.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FE0AF92BFE47F94C" bold="true" box="[449,465,1738,1759]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">I.</emphasis>
Flower. Photographs: A. van de Beek.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFA5FFF6FF43F8D2FD68FE4B" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFA5FFF6FF43F8D2FD68FE4B" blockId="42.[136,1452,1842,2084]" lastBlockId="43.[136,1452,158,869]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FF43F8D2FE95F8DF" box="[136,259,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Primocane</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134C9BD5FFA5FFF7FEDCF8D3FE3EF8DF" box="[279,424,1842,1868]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="42.[136,229,1701,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetId="figure-174@42.[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rubus titanus. A. Habit. B. Primocanes and leaves. C. Primocane. D. Primocane. E. Leaflet. F. Flowering branch. G. Inflorescence. H. Inflorescence. I. Flower. Photographs: A. van de Beek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8061183/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 16AD</figureCitation>
) low arching to prostrate, roundish to angular, diam.
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA5FFF7FBECF8D3FB1DF8DF" box="[1063,1163,1842,1868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">48 mm</quantity>
, with scattered to rather numerous long patent hairs and some (sub-)sessile glands; prickles 20100 per
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA5FFF7FC3DF8B7FBB9F8E3" box="[1014,1071,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
, unequal, subulate or compressed, up to
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA5FFF7FF07F89BFEBDF807" box="[204,299,1914,1941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">57 mm</quantity>
long, straight or slightly declining; stipules linear ovate-lanceolate,
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA5FFF7FBFCF89BFB32F807" box="[1079,1188,1914,1940]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="8.0">818 mm</quantity>
long, hairy, with some short stipitate glands.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA5FFF7FE47F87EFE4CF82B" box="[396,474,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Leaves</emphasis>
3(5)-foliolate, adaxially with appressed hairs or almost glabrous, abaxially green, pubescent, not to clearly soft on the touch; serrature coarse, deep periodical, with straight triangular teeth; petiole
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA5FFF7FA4AF823FF3BF793" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">38 cm</quantity>
, with some patent hairs and subsessile glands, and 1050 unequal up to
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA5FFF7FC01F807FBB0F793" box="[970,1062,2022,2049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">35 mm</quantity>
long subulate or acicular, patent or declining prickles; central leaflet (
<figureCitation id="134C9BD5FFA5FFF7FDCDF7EBFDFFF7B7" box="[518,617,2058,2084]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="42.[136,229,1701,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetId="figure-174@42.[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rubus titanus. A. Habit. B. Primocanes and leaves. C. Primocane. D. Primocane. E. Leaflet. F. Flowering branch. G. Inflorescence. H. Inflorescence. I. Flower. Photographs: A. van de Beek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8061183/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 16E</figureCitation>
) of 3-foliolate leaves
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA5FFF7FC96F7EBFC72F7B7" box="[861,996,2058,2084]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" metricValueMax="12.2" metricValueMin="6.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="94.0" valueMax="122.0" valueMin="66.0">66122 mm</quantity>
long, ovate or rhombic-obovate, with an emarginate or cordate base, gradually attenuate, acute to moderately acuminate, sometimes lobate, widthlength index 0.510.93, length of petiolule 1437% of length of leaflet; petiolule of lateral leaflets
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA4FFF6FBF6FF23FB0AFF4E" box="[1085,1180,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.0">03 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FB6DFF23FAF9FF4F" box="[1190,1391,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Flowering branch</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134C9BD5FFA4FFF6FAB5FF23FF23FE93" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="42.[136,229,1701,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetId="figure-174@42.[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rubus titanus. A. Habit. B. Primocanes and leaves. C. Primocane. D. Primocane. E. Leaflet. F. Flowering branch. G. Inflorescence. H. Inflorescence. I. Flower. Photographs: A. van de Beek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8061183/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 16F</figureCitation>
) angular, with some to rather numerous long hairs and usually some subsessile glands; prickles 410 per
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA4FFF6FAA7FF07FA31FE92" box="[1388,1447,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
, unequal, acicular or slightly compressed up to
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA4FFF6FD57FEEBFD6DFEB6" box="[668,763,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">46 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FC8FFEEBFC4CFEB7" box="[836,986,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Inflorescence</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134C9BD5FFA4FFF6FC21FEEBFBEEFEB7" box="[1002,1144,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="42.[136,229,1701,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetId="figure-174@42.[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rubus titanus. A. Habit. B. Primocanes and leaves. C. Primocane. D. Primocane. E. Leaflet. F. Flowering branch. G. Inflorescence. H. Inflorescence. I. Flower. Photographs: A. van de Beek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8061183/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figs 16GH</figureCitation>
) with large leaves to apex; peduncles ascendant, much shorter than leaves; pedicels
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA4FFF6FCD8FECFFC18FEDA" box="[787,910,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="10.0">1045 mm</quantity>
long, with long hairs, eglandular or with some subsessile glands, and some pricklets.
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FD89FEB3FD08FEFF" box="[578,670,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Flowers</emphasis>
: sepals green or slightly greyish green, with long hairs and without glands or prickles, patent or loosely reflexed; petals (
<figureCitation id="134C9BD5FFA4FFF6FD2FFE97FCD6FE03" box="[740,832,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="42.[136,229,1701,1723]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetId="figure-174@42.[151,1436,563,1677]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 16. Rubus titanus. A. Habit. B. Primocanes and leaves. C. Primocane. D. Primocane. E. Leaflet. F. Flowering branch. G. Inflorescence. H. Inflorescence. I. Flower. Photographs: A. van de Beek." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8061183/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 16I</figureCitation>
) white, large ovate,
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA4FFF6FBE1FE97FB32FE02" box="[1066,1188,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="16.0">1620 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C8F2AB5FFA4FFF6FB26FE97FAF0FE02" box="[1261,1382,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">1114 mm</quantity>
wide, widthlength index 0.600.87; stamens much shorter than styles; anthers glabrous; ovaries with some hairs, soon becoming glabrous; receptacle hairy. Mature
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FD48FE5FFD25FE4B" box="[643,691,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">fruit</emphasis>
black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFA4FFF6FF76FE03FE61FE6F" box="[189,503,482,508]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFA4FFF6FF76FE03FE61FE6F" blockId="43.[136,1452,158,869]" box="[189,503,482,508]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FF76FE03FEB0FE6F" bold="true" box="[189,294,482,508]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ecology:</emphasis>
—Ruderal hedges.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DD4DBFFA4FFF6FF76FDE7FBBEFCF7" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFA4FFF6FF76FDE7FB56FDB2" blockId="43.[136,1452,158,869]" box="[189,1216,518,545]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FF76FDE7FD80FDB3" bold="true" box="[189,534,518,544]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFA4FFF6FEBEFDE7FD87FDB3" box="[373,529,518,544]" name="South Africa" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">South Africa</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFA4FFF6FDF9FDE6FD44FDB3" box="[562,722,518,545]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
: Contantia Neck, Stellenbosch, Bettys Bay.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFA4FFF6FF76FDCBFE83FD6B" blockId="43.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFA4FFF6FF76FDCBFD8EFDFB" collectingDate="2018-10-12" collectionCode="L" country="South Africa" location="Western Cape" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FF76FDCBFD7EFDD7" bold="true" box="[189,744,554,581]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Specimens:—
<collectingCountry id="F360C7C0FFA4FFF6FEAAFDCBFDA0FDD7" box="[353,566,554,580]" name="South Africa" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49B349B2FFA4FFF6FD8BFDCBFD7EFDD7" box="[576,744,554,580]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Road from Kirstenbos to Houtbaai, west of the road to Alphen,
<date id="FFC9A190FFA4FFF6FF43FDAFFED1FDFB" box="[136,327,590,616]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2018-10-12">
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,
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(
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Along vineyard left of the road to Delheim, Stellenbosch,
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<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFA4FFF6FB60FDAFFAFCFDFB" box="[1195,1386,590,616]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2019-10-16">16 October 2019</collectingDate>
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,
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(
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;
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Stellenbosch, Jonkershoekweg, near houses rather short before the entrance gate of the park,
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<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFA4FFF6FAE5FD93FF55FD23" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2018-10-14">14 October 2018</collectingDate>
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,
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(
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)
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;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFA4FFF6FE68FD77FD95FD47" collectingDate="2018-02-24" collectionCode="L" collectorName="Harold Porter Botanical Garden, SE" country="South Africa" location="Betty's Bay" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
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,
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corner, just south of the wooden stage,
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<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFA4FFF6FA44FD77FEA6FD47" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2018-02-24">24 February 2018</collectingDate>
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,
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(
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;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F8D0DFFA4FFF6FDDBFD5BFE87FD6B" collectingDate="2018-10-09" collectionCode="L" country="South Africa" location="Betty's Bay" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<location id="8EA8D18BFFA4FFF6FDDBFD5BFD03FD46" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE3646FFA5FFF6FF43FE56FBBEFCF7:8EA8D18BFFA4FFF6FDDBFD5BFD03FD46" box="[528,661,698,725]" country="South Africa" name="Betty's Bay" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Western Cape">Bettys Bay</location>
, SW corner of Harold Porter Botanical Garden,
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<collectingDate id="EF8D5878FFA4FFF6FB7DFD5BFAFFFD47" box="[1206,1385,698,724]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2018-10-09">9 October 2018</collectingDate>
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,
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(
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)
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC88750FFA4FFF6FF76FCE3FBBEFCF7" blockId="43.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FF76FCE3FF69FC8F" bold="true" box="[189,255,770,796]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Note:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C77FCD3FFA4FFF6FED0FCE3FE22FC8F" authorityName="L. H. Bailey" authorityYear="1925" box="[283,436,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="titanus">
<emphasis id="B9035B42FFA4FFF6FED0FCE3FE22FC8F" box="[283,436,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Rubus titanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a fertile artificial hybrid, which is cultivated for its fruit (Mammoth Blackberry,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6FAA1FFA4FFF6FAA9FCE3FF52FCD2" author="Bailey, L. H." pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="200 - 297" refId="ref45932" refString="Bailey, L. H. (1925) Rubus: enumeration of the Eubati (Dewberries and Blackberries) native in North America. Gentes Herbarum 1: 200 - 297." type="journal article" year="1925">Bailey 1925</bibRefCitation>
). It often escapes to natural habitats where it behaves as a normal species. Consequently Bailey described it as such. The plants in
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are assumed to have escaped from berry orchards.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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