249 lines
31 KiB
XML
249 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="AFDF5CE705E7F45B37C3C34C5F9D8BE9" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10544058" ID-ZooBank="A9179C79-EE43-44E4-8723-919505500049" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1656928390227" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trubovitz, Sarah, Renaudie, Johan, Lazarus, David & Noble, Paula" docDate="2022" docId="03C96F50FFA9FFC375DFE33CFC85C61E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5160.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5160 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Lophophaena ikota, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="ACF9629F-4970-42EE-ABE1-8F4E6A32EF32" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="FFF01728FF93FFF87548E477FFC7C37C" masterDocTitle="Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="158" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1705931330204" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="BB3AB3B8D88C327F77FC2D82131E8154">Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3F1CDF794ECF12732398143670FC58C9">Trubovitz, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8C891CF528914582DC1478BB4146F157">Renaudie, Johan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9338BD4F4230D3278771D8E5AE72D05E">Lazarus, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="207965F54D89268ECEC412589856B631">Noble, Paula</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CA09E982582F51B32FED226950F68EBD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="58A91EB646BFE941727DCB245F992829">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C54D9FF4CF21E6A3EB0CE7F0CEADA83F">2022-07-04</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C96F50FFA9FFC375DFE33CFC85C61E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10543524" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10543524" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ACF9629F-4970-42EE-ABE1-8F4E6A32EF32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C96F50FFA9FFC375DFE33CFC85C61E" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA9FFC275DFE33CFE03C419" box="[151,452,1867,1893]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA9FFC275DFE33CFE03C419" blockId="58.[151,452,1867,1929]" box="[151,452,1867,1893]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA9FFC275DFE33CFEBCC419" authority="Trubovitz, Renaudie, Lazarus & Noble, 2022" box="[151,379,1867,1893]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="ikota" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA9FFC275DFE33CFEBCC419" box="[151,379,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Lophophaena ikota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA9FFC274CAE33CFE03C419" bold="true" box="[386,452,1867,1893]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFA9FFC274CAE33CFE03C419" box="[386,452,1867,1893]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA9FFC275DFE318FCBEC4B7" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA9FFC275DFE318FE50C4F5" blockId="58.[151,452,1867,1929]" box="[151,407,1903,1929]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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Plate 33,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFA9FFC27448E318FE98C4F5" box="[256,351,1903,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
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–
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFA9FFC27438E318FE54C4F5" box="[368,403,1903,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,562,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-182@18.[164,1422,561,1294]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorys umbellifera (Haeckel, 1862) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544072/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">7B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA9FFC275DFE3C4FCBEC4B7" blockId="58.[151,957,1971,2026]" box="[151,889,1971,1995]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ACF9629F-4970-42EE-ABE1-8F4E6A32EF32</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA9FFC275DFE3A5FC7AC495" box="[151,957,2002,2026]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA9FFC275DFE3A5FC7AC495" blockId="58.[151,957,1971,2026]" box="[151,957,2002,2026]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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unknown plagonid group C sp 16, Trubovitz
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA9FFC27717E3A4FD5FC496" box="[607,664,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.,</emphasis>
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2020, supplementary data 7.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA8FFC375DFE4E1FAD7C3A9" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC375DFE4E1FAD7C3A9" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC375DFE4E1FED5C3CC" bold="true" box="[151,274,150,176]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC37450E4E0FE75C3CD" authorityName="Ehrenberg, 1847 emend. Petrushevskaya" authorityYear="1971" box="[280,434,151,177]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37450E4E0FE75C3CD" box="[280,434,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lophophaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a cephalis that is widest at its center and has a single conical spine on the apex, unrelated to any of the primary spines; thorax is broadly conical and has weak ribs but no appendages.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA8FFC37586E4A9FDDAC2AD" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC37586E4A9FDDAC2AD" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37586E4A9FEA7C384" bold="true" box="[206,352,222,248]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Description.</emphasis>
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This species has a thickly-silicified, kidney-shaped cephalis with a strong conical spine extending from the apex. This horn is not connected to the apical spine, which runs along the side of the cephalis and does not extend significantly through the shell wall. The cephalis of this species is widest near its center and tapers toward the top, rather than reaching its widest point in the top 1/3 (as it does in many other
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC3712CE53CFA9AC219" box="[1124,1373,331,357]" order="NASSELLARIA" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3712CE53CFB39C219" box="[1124,1278,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lophophaena</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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). The thorax is long and generally cone-shaped, with several weak ribs but no spines extending outward from the primary spines. The thorax typically becomes more thinly silicified toward the base. Pore size tends to decrease both upward and downward from the neck area.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA8FFC37586E5ACFF29C01E" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC37586E5ACFF29C01E" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37586E5ACFE85C289" bold="true" box="[206,322,475,501]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This species differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC37728E5ACFCADC289" box="[608,874,475,501]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="shishigae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37728E5ACFCADC289" box="[608,874,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lophophaena shishigae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFA8FFC37627E5ABFC6DC28A" box="[879,938,476,502]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(Pl. 35,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFA8FFC3714EE5ACFB47C289" box="[1030,1152,475,501]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1538,1562]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionStartId-3="10.[151,250,1579,1603]" captionStartId-4="12.[151,250,1242,1266]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1428,745,1510]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,1065,1862]" captionTargetBox-3="[164,1423,849,1556]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,520,1219]" captionTargetBox-5="[153,1436,737,1439]" captionTargetId-0="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetId-1="figure-251@7.[151,1436,741,1514]" captionTargetId-2="figure-391@9.[189,1398,1065,1862]" captionTargetId-3="figure-347@10.[164,1423,849,1556]" captionTargetId-4="figure-153@12.[151,1436,520,1219]" captionTargetId-5="figure-139@15.[151,1436,736,1440]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionTargetPageId-4="12" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Relative abundance of specimens and taxa belonging to Plagiacanthoidea and Lophophaenidae per sample, from IODP Site U1337 in the EEP over the last ~10 Ma. The relative percentages of total taxa are represented by the blue lines and the red lines represent the percentages of total specimens (triangles = Plagiacanthoidea; circles = Lophophaenidae). The Plagiacanthoidea was among the most abundant and speciose of radiolarian groups encountered in Trubovitz et al. (2020), with at least 10% of the specimens and 20% of the taxonomic richness in every sample. Within the Plagiacanthoidea, lophophaenids consistently made up the majority of specimens (~67%) and taxa (~61%). Data are from Trubovitz et al. (2020)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Locality map of IODP Site U1337, where all samples for this study were collected. Map from Google EarthTM." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Examples of specimen measurements discussed in the Systematic Paleontology section of this study." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Internal skeletal structure of Amphiplecta acrostoma Haeckel, 1887." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorallium calvata (Haeckel, 1887) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544062" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544064" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544066" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544068" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544070" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10544062/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10544064/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10544066/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10544068/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/10544070/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs. 1–6B</figureCitation>
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) in that it is approximately twice its size, and has a more kidney-shaped cephalis that is widest at its middle. It differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC371B7E677FEDAC142" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Arachnocorys" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="jorogumoae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC371B7E677FEDAC142" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Arachnocorys jorogumoae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFA8FFC3746CE652FE98C143" box="[292,351,549,575]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(Pl. 4,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFA8FFC374E7E653FDCAC142" box="[431,525,548,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
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–11) in that it does not develop several forked cephalic spines around the top third of the cephalis, and the cephalis wall tends to be thicker and more textured with strongly-framed pores. Another difference is that the thorax of
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC374A7E61AFD0FC1FB" box="[495,712,621,647]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="ikota" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC374A7E61AFD0FC1FB" box="[495,712,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lophophaena ikota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFA8FFC37787E619FCCCC1F4" box="[719,779,622,648]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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usually has weaker ribs than
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC3711EE61AFA47C1FB" box="[1110,1408,621,647]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Arachnocorys" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="jorogumoae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3711EE61AFA47C1FB" box="[1110,1408,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Arachnocorys jorogumoae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFA8FFC370CFE619FF7EC1D0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and does not flare as widely outward. Despite its overall similar structure to
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3716EE6E5FB14C1D0" box="[1062,1235,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC3716EE6E5FB08C1D0" box="[1062,1231,658,684]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Arachnocorys" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="jorogumoae">A. jorogumoae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
we place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC3700EE6E4FA5BC1D0" box="[1350,1436,658,684]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="ikota">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3700EE6E4FA5BC1D0" box="[1350,1436,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">L. ikota</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC375FDE6C1FE88C1AC" authorityName="Ehrenberg, 1847 emend. Petrushevskaya" authorityYear="1971" box="[181,335,694,720]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC375FDE6C1FE88C1AC" box="[181,335,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lophophaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it does not have any dendritic spines on the cephalis and lacks large pores at the base of the cephalis, excluding it from the definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC377E7E6ACFC8BC189" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1860" box="[687,844,731,757]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Arachnocorys" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC377E7E6ACFC8BC189" box="[687,844,731,757]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Arachnocorys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The cephalis shape of this species, which is slightly longer on the ventral side than the dorsal side, is common among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC37637E688FBC9C065" authorityName=", Nishimura" authorityYear="1990" box="[895,1038,767,793]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37637E688FBC9C065" box="[895,1038,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lithomelissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, since the apical spine is not free inside the cephalis, this species does not fit the definition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC376D4E753FBECC042" authorityName=", Nishimura" authorityYear="1990" box="[924,1067,804,830]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC376D4E753FBECC042" box="[924,1067,804,830]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lithomelissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and was placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFA8FFC3704AE753FA5BC042" authorityName="Ehrenberg, 1847 emend. Petrushevskaya" authorityYear="1971" box="[1282,1436,804,830]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3704AE753FA5BC042" box="[1282,1436,804,830]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Lophophaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
instead.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA8FFC3758FE71AFEA7C7AC" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC3758FE71AFECEC089" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3758FE71AFE76C0FB" bold="true" box="[199,433,877,903]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6615CFFFA8FFC374F1E71AFD96C0FB" box="[441,593,877,903]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="generic">27 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
observed from samples 321-1337D-26H-3W,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC37114E71AFB27C0FB" box="[1116,1248,877,903]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" metricValueMax="1.44" metricValueMin="1.42" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="143.0" valueMax="144.0" valueMin="142.0">142–144cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC37415E7E6FE3DC0D0" box="[349,506,913,940]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337A-12H-5,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC376D2E7E6FBC5C0D7" box="[922,1026,913,939]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="24.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="23.0">23–26cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337A-10H-2,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC375DFE7C1FF38C0AC" box="[151,255,950,976]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="9.4" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="92.5" valueMax="94.0" valueMin="91.0">91–94cm</quantity>
|
||
(Early Pliocene), 321-1337A-7H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC377CDE7C1FCE4C0AC" box="[645,803,950,976]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6552" metricValueMax="10.7" metricValueMin="0.6104" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="56.552" valueMax="107.0" valueMin="6.104">6, 104–107cm</quantity>
|
||
(Early Pliocene), and 321-1337A-6H-3,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC371B9E7C1FA9DC0AC" box="[1265,1370,950,976]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="30.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="29.0">29–32cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Pliocene).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC3758FE788FB6DC765" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" box="[199,1194,1023,1050]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B08D41BFFA8FFC3758FE788FB61C765" box="[199,1190,1023,1050]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" specimenCode="321-1337D-23H-6" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3758FE788FEFCC765" bold="true" box="[199,315,1023,1049]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB60E4FFA8FFC3758FE788FEF1C765" box="[199,310,1023,1049]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Pl. 33,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFA8FFC374D9E788FDD1C765" box="[401,534,1023,1049]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1538,1562]" captionTargetBox="[157,1428,745,1510]" captionTargetId="figure-251@7.[151,1436,741,1514]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Relative abundance of specimens and taxa belonging to Plagiacanthoidea and Lophophaenidae per sample, from IODP Site U1337 in the EEP over the last ~10 Ma. The relative percentages of total taxa are represented by the blue lines and the red lines represent the percentages of total specimens (triangles = Plagiacanthoidea; circles = Lophophaenidae). The Plagiacanthoidea was among the most abundant and speciose of radiolarian groups encountered in Trubovitz et al. (2020), with at least 10% of the specimens and 20% of the taxonomic richness in every sample. Within the Plagiacanthoidea, lophophaenids consistently made up the majority of specimens (~67%) and taxa (~61%). Data are from Trubovitz et al. (2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544062/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Figs. 2A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
; sample
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC6763DFFA8FFC37730E788FC8CC765" box="[632,843,1023,1049]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC37675E788FC19C765" box="[829,990,1023,1049]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">
|
||
6, 134–
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC376D8E788FC19C765" box="[912,990,1023,1049]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="137.0">137cm</quantity>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
; ECO-145; W7-3
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC3758FE053FEA7C7AC" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC3758FE053FE81C742" bold="true" box="[199,326,1060,1086]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB60E4FFA8FFC3758FE053FE86C742" box="[199,321,1060,1086]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(1) Pl. 33, figs. 3A–B; sample 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC37622E053FBCCC742" box="[874,1035,1060,1086]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-145; P30-1. (2) Pl. 33, fig. 4; sample 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC374F9E03FFD96C71E" box="[433,593,1096,1122]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-147; U11-1. (3) Pl. 33, fig. 5; sample 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC371B1E03FFA5FC71E" box="[1273,1432,1096,1122]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-146; Z20-4. (4) Pl. 33, figs. 7A–B; sample 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC376D8E01AFBF4C7FB" box="[912,1075,1133,1159]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-146; N33-3. (5) [not figured] sample 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC374BDE0E6FD51C7D7" box="[501,662,1169,1195]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-145; M28-1. (6) [not figured] 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFA8FFC371BFE0E6FA5FC7D7" box="[1271,1432,1169,1195]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-146; Q39-2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA8FFC37586E0ACFD94C665" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC37586E0ACFD94C665" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37586E0ACFE42C789" bold="true" box="[206,389,1243,1269]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
Cephalis height 52–61 (57)μm; cephalis width 38–48 (43)μm; width of neck constriction 36–43 (39)μm. Based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6615CFFFA8FFC374FCE088FD88C665" box="[436,591,1279,1305]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA8FFC37586E153FC3DC641" box="[206,1018,1315,1342]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC37586E153FC3DC641" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" box="[206,1018,1315,1342]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37586E153FE92C642" bold="true" box="[206,341,1316,1342]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the ikota, a possession spirit in Russian folklore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFA8FFC37586E13FFC85C61E" box="[206,834,1352,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFA8FFC37586E13FFC85C61E" blockId="59.[151,1437,150,1379]" box="[206,834,1352,1379]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFA8FFC37586E13FFEE6C61E" bold="true" box="[206,289,1352,1378]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Lower Late Miocene—Pliocene, EEP (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E2EBFDFFA8FFC37795E13FFCF7C61E" box="[733,816,1352,1378]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="84.[151,248,834,860]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="TABLE 1. Occurrence chart of Late Neogene–Recent lophophaenids in the EEP." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" tableUuid="DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |