769 lines
67 KiB
XML
769 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612740" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef3ddc5d-a90b-49df-a2b8-01282c0509fe" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611549" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612740" ID-ZooBank="2C428174-7C02-4F0C-BB34-E1BC81F58CB1" checkinTime="1461049649785" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał, Caldara, Roberto & Košťál, Michael" docDate="2015" docId="03B16511FFB7290DFF6AFF17FE91FDF2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03955p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3db17953" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.journal_article" docTitle="Sibinia viscariae Linnaeus 1760" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" masterDocId="FF881D69FFA42918FFFDFF80FF87FFC4" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Sibinia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with suggestions on their potential value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="151" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" updateTime="1635486064562" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Sibinia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with suggestions on their potential value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skuhrovec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Gosik, Rafał</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Košťál, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>151</mods:start>
|
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<mods:end>187</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3955.2.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">ef3ddc5d-a90b-49df-a2b8-01282c0509fe</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">239116</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2C428174-7C02-4F0C-BB34-E1BC81F58CB1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612740" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611549" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612740" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B16511FFB7290DFF6AFF17FE91FDF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B16511FFB7290DFF6AFF17FE91FDF2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,567,151,178]" box="[151,567,151,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,567,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1760" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1760" box="[151,567,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscariae">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,567,151,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,352,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Sibinia viscariae</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus,
|
||
<number box="[499,559,152,178]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1760.0">1760</number>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,338,222,244]" box="[151,338,222,244]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Caldara" box="[151,296,222,244]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Caldara, R. (1985) Revisione delle Sibinia paleartiche (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 62 / 63 (1983 - 1984), 24 - 105." type="journal article" year="1985">
|
||
Caldara,
|
||
<number box="[242,296,222,244]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1985.0">1985</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<number box="[306,334,222,244]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="33.0">33</number>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,379,289,314]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount box="[395,501,289,314]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="larva">
|
||
<number box="[395,423,289,313]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="31.0">31</number>
|
||
larvae
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
from seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Moench" authorityName="Moench" box="[676,965,289,314]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[676,846,289,314]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Silene vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
(Moench)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected
|
||
<date box="[1084,1197,289,314]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1982-07-03">
|
||
<number box="[1084,1097,289,314]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
.vii.
|
||
<number box="[1136,1197,289,314]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1982.0">1982</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
at Levanto (Liguria, northern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[253,308,325,350]" name="Italy" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
), leg. R. Caldara, and
|
||
<number box="[558,586,326,350]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="12.0">12</number>
|
||
(
|
||
<number box="[602,616,325,350]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
♂♂,
|
||
<number box="[680,694,326,349]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
♀♀) pupae obtained from larvae collected similarly to the others, all determined by association with reared adults.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" box="[199,1429,397,422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,461,397,422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
See Key to the immatures of the Palaearctic species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1197,1276,397,422]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1197,1276,397,422]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Sibinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1331,1423,397,422]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="31.[151,239,965,988]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,1161,1679]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="TABLE 3. Differential diagnoses by larval setal index of five described species of Sibinia (s. str.) and one described species of subgenus Dichotychius." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFC45FD82FC38" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" tableUuid="DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFC45FD82FC38">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[1407,1423,398,422]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,536,433,458]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Head brown to dark yellow. All thoracic and abdominal segments light yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<collectionCode box="[199,266,505,529]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">HEAD</collectionCode>
|
||
CAPSULE AND
|
||
<collectionCode box="[449,531,509,528]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">MOUTH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[543,613,509,528]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">PARTS</collectionCode>
|
||
. Head width:
|
||
<quantity box="[787,955,505,530]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="0.715" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.68">0.68–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1023,1117,505,530]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="30.[151,239,1449,1472]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of selected body parts of larvae of Sibinia species. The measured characters of each specimen were as follows: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—body length of the larva, and BW—body width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax). Median, minimum and maximum measurements are presented. All measurements are in millimetres. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[1104,1117,505,529]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
). Endocarinal line present, reaching middle of frons.
|
||
<emphasis box="[438,482,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[482,490,553,567]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[482,490,553,567]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very short, located near frontal suture;
|
||
<emphasis box="[926,963,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[963,971,553,567]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[963,971,553,567]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very short, located almost in central parts of epicarnium;
|
||
<emphasis box="[324,361,574,599]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[361,369,589,603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[361,369,589,603]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
long, located along frontal suture;
|
||
<emphasis box="[769,806,574,599]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[806,814,589,603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="4.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[806,814,589,603]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">4</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis box="[909,946,574,599]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[946,954,589,603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="5.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[946,954,589,603]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">5</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
long, located anterolaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1294,1380,574,599]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1348,1380,574,599]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="46.0">46</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis box="[1400,1428,576,599]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1428,1436,589,603]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1428,1436,589,603]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[198,217,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[216,224,625,639]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[216,224,625,639]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis box="[317,336,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[335,343,625,639]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[335,343,625,639]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
minute, located medially;
|
||
<emphasis box="[641,660,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[660,668,625,639]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="4.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[660,668,625,639]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">4</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
long, located anteromedially (along epistoma);
|
||
<emphasis box="[1202,1221,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1221,1229,625,639]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="5.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1221,1229,625,639]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">5</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very long, located anterolaterally (along epistoma),
|
||
<emphasis box="[528,547,647,671]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[547,555,662,676]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="5.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[547,555,662,676]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">5</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
<number box="[564,599,646,671]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.5">2.5</number>
|
||
times as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[801,820,647,671]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[820,828,662,676]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="4.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[820,828,662,676]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">4</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[845,931,646,671]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[899,931,646,671]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="46.0">46</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis box="[952,991,648,671]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Les</emphasis>
|
||
almost as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[1207,1244,646,671]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1245,1253,662,676]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1245,1253,662,676]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
; both
|
||
<emphasis box="[1328,1364,648,671]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ves</emphasis>
|
||
short. Postepicranial area with
|
||
<number box="[425,439,683,707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[445,482,684,707]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pes</emphasis>
|
||
and with
|
||
<number box="[592,606,683,707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
sensilla. Antennal segment membranous, bearing conical sensorium and
|
||
<number box="[1422,1436,683,707]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
very short, conical, sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[472,556,716,741]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[524,556,717,741]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="49.0">49</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[306,388,749,774]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[359,388,749,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="50.0">50</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<number box="[404,418,750,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
times as wide as long; without setae, and
|
||
<number box="[893,907,750,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
sensillum, all located posterolaterally; anterior margin slightly rounded inside. Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[618,700,785,810]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[671,700,785,810]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="50.0">50</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately
|
||
<number box="[887,922,785,810]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.5">3.5</number>
|
||
times as wide as long;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1191,1230,785,810]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">lms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1230,1238,800,814]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1230,1238,800,814]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis box="[207,246,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">lms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[246,254,839,853]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[246,254,839,853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
, and as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[439,478,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">lms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[478,486,839,853]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[478,486,839,853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
; anterior margin slightly sinuate. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1019,1102,824,849]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1073,1102,824,849]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="51.0">51</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[1177,1191,825,849]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
short, finger-like
|
||
<emphasis box="[1396,1429,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">als</emphasis>
|
||
, similar in length; with
|
||
<number box="[416,430,864,888]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[505,550,864,887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ams</emphasis>
|
||
, similar in length; with
|
||
<number box="[832,846,864,888]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
relatively short and finger-like
|
||
<emphasis box="[1213,1257,864,887]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">mes</emphasis>
|
||
(see comments about
|
||
<emphasis box="[220,265,900,923]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ams</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[319,363,900,923]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">mes</emphasis>
|
||
in Material and Methods); labral rods elongate, kidney-shaped, strongly converging posteriorly. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[284,365,935,960]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[336,365,936,960]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="48.0">48</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[436,450,936,960]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[645,690,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">mds</emphasis>
|
||
. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[805,889,935,960]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[857,889,936,960]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="47.0">47</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
): stipes with
|
||
<number box="[1035,1049,936,960]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1112,1156,936,959]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, and with
|
||
<number box="[1273,1287,936,960]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1349,1381,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1396,1429,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1428,1436,950,964]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1428,1436,950,964]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
<number box="[151,186,974,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.5">1.5</number>
|
||
times as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[383,416,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[416,424,989,1003]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[416,424,989,1003]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[439,453,975,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
very short
|
||
<emphasis box="[583,628,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
; mala with
|
||
<number box="[764,778,975,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
slightly curved
|
||
<emphasis box="[963,1008,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with
|
||
<number box="[1300,1314,975,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
very short
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,195,1014,1037]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length. Maxillary palpi: length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres
|
||
<number box="[1177,1188,1013,1037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
:
|
||
<number box="[1193,1236,1013,1037]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.7">1.7</number>
|
||
; basal palpomera with
|
||
<number box="[210,224,1049,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[299,356,1050,1073]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">mxps</emphasis>
|
||
; distal palpomera with group of
|
||
<number box="[740,781,1049,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4</number>
|
||
conical, cuticular apical processes. Prementum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1344,1428,1049,1074]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1399,1428,1049,1073]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="47.0">47</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) almost rounded, with
|
||
<number box="[398,412,1085,1109]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[420,476,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; margin of ligula slightly curved inside; ligula with
|
||
<number box="[1072,1086,1085,1109]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1094,1135,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
; premental sclerite clearly visible. Postmentum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[395,476,1121,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 51" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1561,1583]" captionTargetBox="[249,1340,209,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[234,1354,193,1539]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 51. Sibinia viscariae mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 46 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 47 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 48 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 49 — antenna; 50 — labrum and clypeus (lms — labral s.); 51 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239126/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[447,476,1121,1145]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="47.0">47</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[548,562,1121,1145]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[569,614,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pms</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[628,673,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[673,681,1136,1150]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[673,681,1136,1150]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
absent, long
|
||
<emphasis box="[830,875,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[876,884,1136,1150]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<number box="[876,884,1136,1150]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<number box="[897,932,1121,1146]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.5">2.5</number>
|
||
times as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[1124,1169,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1169,1177,1136,1150]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1169,1177,1136,1150]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Body length
|
||
<quantity box="[627,789,1159,1184]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="4.2">4.20–5.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[846,934,1159,1184]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="30.[151,239,1449,1472]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of selected body parts of larvae of Sibinia species. The measured characters of each specimen were as follows: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—body length of the larva, and BW—body width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax). Median, minimum and maximum measurements are presented. All measurements are in millimetres. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[921,934,1160,1184]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
), elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1067,1151,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1119,1151,1159,1184]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="52.0">52</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal segments I– V almost equal in length, slightly larger than abdominal segment VI and VII (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1047,1133,1195,1220]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1101,1133,1195,1220]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="52.0">52</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles on abdomen in median parts of segments (abdominal seg. I–VIII).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Chaetotaxy of body rather reduced. Setae long to very short and light yellow.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1063,1158,1266,1291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1290,1371,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1342,1371,1266,1291]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="53.0">53</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[151,165,1302,1326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[176,214,1302,1325]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">prn</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<number box="[234,248,1302,1326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
macro- and
|
||
<number box="[403,417,1302,1326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
microsetae;
|
||
<number box="[570,584,1302,1326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[795,820,1302,1325]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of same length;
|
||
<number box="[1025,1039,1302,1326]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately short
|
||
<emphasis box="[1256,1293,1302,1325]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso- and metathorax (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[292,374,1337,1362]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[345,374,1337,1362]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="53.0">53</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[446,460,1337,1361]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[525,561,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">prs</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[576,590,1337,1361]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[654,693,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; alar area with moderately long
|
||
<number box="[1275,1289,1337,1361]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1296,1320,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">as</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[1336,1350,1337,1361]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1414,1436,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
(mesothorax with very short
|
||
<emphasis box="[481,503,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<number box="[528,542,1373,1397]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[745,782,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">eps</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[798,812,1373,1397]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1014,1038,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
; and
|
||
<number box="[1105,1119,1373,1397]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately short
|
||
<emphasis box="[1327,1364,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well-separated and with
|
||
<number box="[783,825,1408,1432]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[831,873,1408,1433]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[887,1010,1408,1433]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Figs. 54, 55</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[259,273,1444,1468]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[479,515,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">prs</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[533,547,1444,1468]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[558,597,1443,1468]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[834,873,1443,1468]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[873,881,1458,1472]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[873,881,1458,1472]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[942,981,1443,1468]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[981,989,1458,1472]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[981,989,1458,1472]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very short to short,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1231,1270,1443,1468]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1270,1278,1458,1472]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<number box="[1270,1278,1458,1472]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
long;
|
||
<number box="[1356,1370,1444,1468]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1380,1402,1445,1468]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[338,360,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[360,368,1496,1510]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[360,368,1496,1510]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very short,
|
||
<emphasis box="[501,523,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[523,531,1496,1510]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[523,531,1496,1510]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long;
|
||
<number box="[736,750,1482,1506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[947,984,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">eps</emphasis>
|
||
in equal length;
|
||
<number box="[1173,1187,1482,1506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1194,1219,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,176,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[176,184,1535,1549]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[176,184,1535,1549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
short and
|
||
<emphasis box="[302,327,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[327,335,1535,1549]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[327,335,1535,1549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long;
|
||
<number box="[541,555,1520,1544]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[753,790,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and
|
||
<number box="[853,867,1520,1544]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[938,975,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1288,1371,1520,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1342,1371,1520,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="55.0">55</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[151,165,1559,1583]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[362,397,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">prs</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[413,427,1559,1583]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[434,472,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[698,737,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[737,745,1573,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[737,745,1573,1587]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[799,838,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[838,846,1573,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[838,846,1573,1587]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
short,
|
||
<emphasis box="[923,961,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[962,970,1573,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[962,970,1573,1587]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long;
|
||
<number box="[1175,1189,1559,1583]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1196,1218,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,173,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[172,180,1611,1625]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[172,180,1611,1625]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
minute,
|
||
<emphasis box="[282,304,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ss</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[304,312,1611,1625]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[304,312,1611,1625]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long;
|
||
<number box="[522,536,1597,1621]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[737,774,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">eps</emphasis>
|
||
in equal length;
|
||
<number box="[970,984,1597,1621]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[992,1017,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1248,1272,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1273,1281,1611,1625]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1273,1281,1611,1625]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
short and
|
||
<emphasis box="[1403,1428,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1428,1436,1611,1625]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1428,1436,1611,1625]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long;
|
||
<number box="[348,362,1635,1659]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[557,594,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and
|
||
<number box="[655,669,1635,1659]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
very short
|
||
<emphasis box="[795,832,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1122,1203,1635,1660]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1174,1203,1635,1660]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="55.0">55</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[1274,1288,1635,1659]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1351,1375,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ds</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[1390,1404,1635,1659]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1411,1436,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[376,400,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[401,409,1685,1699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[401,409,1685,1699]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
short and
|
||
<emphasis box="[534,559,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ps</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[559,567,1685,1699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[559,567,1685,1699]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long; and
|
||
<number box="[829,843,1671,1695]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1048,1077,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">sts</emphasis>
|
||
in equal length. Anal lobes on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[412,493,1708,1733]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1672,1694]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,287,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,175,1668]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Sibinia viscariae mature larva habitus: 52 — lateral view, 53 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 54 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 55 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239127/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[464,493,1708,1733]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="55.0">55</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) without setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" box="[199,762,1744,1769]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,442,1744,1769]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Body yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="19.[151,1437,289,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
MORPHOLOGY (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[381,523,1779,1804]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 60" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[203,1378,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[191,1393,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 60. Sibinia viscariae pupa habitus: 56 — ventral view; 57 — detail of head; 58 — dorsal view; 59 — detail of pronotum; 60 — lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae; as — apical s., d — dorsal s., ds — discal s., l — lateral s. on abdomen, ls — lateral s. on pronotum, os — orbital s., pas — postantennal s., pls — posterolateral s., sos — superorbital s., vs — vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239128/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Figs.
|
||
<number box="[448,523,1779,1804]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="58.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="56.0">56–60</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity box="[698,868,1779,1804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.425" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.95" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="3.425" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="2.95">2.95–3.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest part
|
||
<quantity box="[1021,1188,1780,1804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.9">1.90–2.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1254,1350,1779,1804]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="31.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1384,381,899]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements of selected body parts of pupae of Sibinia species for both sexes. The measured characters of each specimen were as follows: HW (P) — head width of pupa, BL (P) — body length of the pupa, and BW (P) — body width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Median, minimum and maximum measurements are presented. All measurements are in millimetres. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFF18FB3EFECB" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" tableUuid="DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFF18FB3EFECB">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[1334,1350,1780,1804]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
). Body moderately stout. Rostrum long, approximately
|
||
<number box="[687,701,1815,1840]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
times as long as wide, reaching mesocoxae. Pronotum
|
||
<number box="[1320,1369,1815,1840]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="1.85">1.85</number>
|
||
times as wide as long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239128/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" targetBox="[203,1378,193,1871]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="20.[151,1436,1916,2030]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,344,1916,1938]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">FIGURES 56–60.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[355,529,1916,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscariae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[355,529,1916,1938]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Sibinia viscariae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupa habitus: 56—ventral view; 57—detail of head; 58—dorsal view; 59—detail of pronotum; 60—lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1106,1128,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">as</emphasis>
|
||
—apical s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1251,1264,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">d</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1388,1410,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">ds</emphasis>
|
||
— discal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[244,251,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">l</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral s. on abdomen,
|
||
<emphasis box="[504,521,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">ls</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral s. on pronotum,
|
||
<emphasis box="[780,803,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">os</emphasis>
|
||
—orbital s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[928,963,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">pas</emphasis>
|
||
—postantennal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1151,1181,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">pls</emphasis>
|
||
—posterolateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1378,1410,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">sos</emphasis>
|
||
— superorbital s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[307,328,2009,2030]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">vs</emphasis>
|
||
—vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,151,566]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[371,510,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 60" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[203,1378,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[191,1393,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 60. Sibinia viscariae pupa habitus: 56 — ventral view; 57 — detail of head; 58 — dorsal view; 59 — detail of pronotum; 60 — lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae; as — apical s., d — dorsal s., ds — discal s., l — lateral s. on abdomen, ls — lateral s. on pronotum, os — orbital s., pas — postantennal s., pls — posterolateral s., sos — superorbital s., vs — vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239128/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Figs.
|
||
<number box="[435,510,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="58.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="56.0">56–60</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae distinct, short to moderately long, unequal in length, light brown, on head, rostrum and thorax hair-like, on abdomen almost as thorn-like.
|
||
<emphasis box="[858,897,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Sos</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[950,989,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">pas</emphasis>
|
||
slightly shorter than other setae of head and rostrum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[310,399,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 60" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[203,1378,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[191,1393,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 60. Sibinia viscariae pupa habitus: 56 — ventral view; 57 — detail of head; 58 — dorsal view; 59 — detail of pronotum; 60 — lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae; as — apical s., d — dorsal s., ds — discal s., l — lateral s. on abdomen, ls — lateral s. on pronotum, os — orbital s., pas — postantennal s., pls — posterolateral s., sos — superorbital s., vs — vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239128/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[367,399,222,247]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="57.0">57</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). All pronotal setae moderately long and equal in length (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1092,1181,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 60" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[203,1378,193,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[191,1393,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 60. Sibinia viscariae pupa habitus: 56 — ventral view; 57 — detail of head; 58 — dorsal view; 59 — detail of pronotum; 60 — lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae; as — apical s., d — dorsal s., ds — discal s., l — lateral s. on abdomen, ls — lateral s. on pronotum, os — orbital s., pas — postantennal s., pls — posterolateral s., sos — superorbital s., vs — vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239128/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1149,1181,222,247]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="59.0">59</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae on abdominal segments I–VIII located posteromedially and posterolaterally; all abdominal setae short, curved, located on thornlike protuberances. Pseudocerci elongated, slightly curved to inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,151,566]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,484,329,354]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
The larvae fed on seeds, and mature larvae left the capsule and entered the soil to pupate. Pupation was observed
|
||
<number box="[505,533,365,389]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="10.0">10</number>
|
||
days after the larvae entered the soil. Adults were found in the cells
|
||
<number box="[1302,1316,365,389]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
days later.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,151,566]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,400,425]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This common species with a wide Euro-Asiatic distribution was reported to live on several species belonging to the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[420,489,435,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[420,489,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Silene</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[505,602,435,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[505,519,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[532,602,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">dioica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[647,750,436,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutans">
|
||
<emphasis box="[647,661,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[675,750,437,460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">nutans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L., and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[841,960,435,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[841,855,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[868,960,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="C.Linnaeus, 1753" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1054,1140,435,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Lychnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1054,1140,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Lychnis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="C.Linnaeus, 1753" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1156,1276,436,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Lychnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viscaria">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1156,1171,437,460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1186,1276,437,460]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">viscaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hoffmann" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Hoffmann, A. (1955) Coleopteres Curculionides (deuxieme partie). Faune de France, 59, 487 - 1207." type="journal article" year="1955">
|
||
Hoffmann
|
||
<number box="[151,210,471,496]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1955.0">1955</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Caldara" box="[226,383,471,496]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Caldara, R. (1985) Revisione delle Sibinia paleartiche (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 62 / 63 (1983 - 1984), 24 - 105." type="journal article" year="1985">
|
||
Caldara
|
||
<number box="[324,383,471,496]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1985.0">1985</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dieckmann" box="[398,597,471,496]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Dieckmann, L. (1988) Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Curculionidae (Curculioninae: Ellescini, Acalyptini, Tychiini, Anthonomini, Curculionini). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 38, 365 - 468." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Dieckmann
|
||
<number box="[538,597,471,495]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1988.0">1988</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rheinheimer" box="[613,957,471,496]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Rheinheimer, J. & Hassler, M. (2010) Die Russelkafer Baden-Wurttembergs. Verlag Regionalkultur & LUBW Landesanstalt fur Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Wurttemberg, Karlsruhe, 944 pp." type="book" year="2010">
|
||
Rheinheimer & Hassler
|
||
<number box="[896,957,471,495]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2010.0">2010</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The larva and the pupa were described synthetically by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Scherf" box="[343,503,506,531]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Scherf, H. (1964) Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropaischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Okologie). Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 506, 1 - 335." type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
Scherf (
|
||
<number box="[435,495,506,531]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1964.0">1964</number>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who reported on only length and coloration of the body, without comments on chaetotaxy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |