796 lines
68 KiB
XML
796 lines
68 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612742" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef3ddc5d-a90b-49df-a2b8-01282c0509fe" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611550" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612742" ID-ZooBank="2C428174-7C02-4F0C-BB34-E1BC81F58CB1" checkinTime="1461049649785" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Skuhrovec, Jiří, Gosik, Rafał, Caldara, Roberto & Košťál, Michael" docDate="2015" docId="03B16511FFB12901FF6AFD44FD55FBDC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03955p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3db17953" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.journal_article" docTitle="Sibinia sicana Ragusa 1908" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="176" masterDocId="FF881D69FFA42918FFFDFF80FF87FFC4" masterDocTitle="Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Sibinia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with suggestions on their potential value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="151" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" updateTime="1635486064562" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Immatures of Palaearctic species of the weevil genus Sibinia (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): new descriptions and new bionomic data with suggestions on their potential value in a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Skuhrovec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Gosik, Rafał</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Košťál, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>151</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>187</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3955.2.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">ef3ddc5d-a90b-49df-a2b8-01282c0509fe</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">239116</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2C428174-7C02-4F0C-BB34-E1BC81F58CB1</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612742" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611550" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612742" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B16511FFB12901FF6AFD44FD55FBDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B16511FFB12901FF6AFD44FD55FBDC" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,496,708,735]" box="[151,496,708,735]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,496,708,735]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Ragusa, 1908" authorityName="Ragusa" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,496,708,735]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicana">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,496,708,735]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,323,708,734]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Sibinia sicana</emphasis>
|
||
Ragusa,
|
||
<number box="[437,496,709,735]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1908.0">1908</number>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,338,779,801]" box="[151,338,779,801]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Caldara" box="[151,296,779,801]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refString="Caldara, R. (1985) Revisione delle Sibinia paleartiche (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 62 / 63 (1983 - 1984), 24 - 105." type="journal article" year="1985">
|
||
Caldara,
|
||
<number box="[242,296,779,801]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1985.0">1985</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<number box="[306,334,779,801]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="85.0">85</number>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,846,1829]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,382,846,871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount box="[401,509,846,871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="larva">
|
||
<number box="[401,429,847,871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="40.0">40</number>
|
||
larvae
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
from seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Guss." authorityName="Guss." box="[694,993,846,871]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arrostii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[694,918,846,871]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Gypsophila arrostii</emphasis>
|
||
Guss.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected
|
||
<date box="[1118,1231,846,871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1989-07-02">
|
||
<number box="[1118,1132,846,871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
.vii.
|
||
<number box="[1171,1231,846,871]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1989.0">1989</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
at Aidone (Enna province, Sicily), leg. R. Caldara, and
|
||
<number box="[579,593,882,907]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="6.0">6</number>
|
||
(
|
||
<number box="[608,623,883,907]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
♂♂,
|
||
<number box="[686,700,883,907]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
♀♀) pupae obtained from larvae collected similarly to the others, all determined by association with reared adults.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,846,1829]" box="[199,1429,954,979]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,461,954,979]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
See Key to the immatures of the Palaearctic species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1197,1276,954,979]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1197,1276,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Sibinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1331,1423,954,979]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="31.[151,239,965,988]" captionTargetBox="[159,1426,1161,1679]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="TABLE 3. Differential diagnoses by larval setal index of five described species of Sibinia (s. str.) and one described species of subgenus Dichotychius." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFC45FD82FC38" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" tableUuid="DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFC45FD82FC38">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[1407,1423,955,979]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,846,1829]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,536,990,1015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Description of mature larva.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Head brown to dark yellow. All thoracic and abdominal segments light yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,846,1829]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<collectionCode box="[199,266,1063,1087]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">HEAD</collectionCode>
|
||
CAPSULE AND
|
||
<collectionCode box="[449,531,1066,1085]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">MOUTH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[543,613,1066,1085]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">PARTS</collectionCode>
|
||
. Head width:
|
||
<quantity box="[787,955,1062,1087]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" unit="mm" value="0.505" valueMax="0.53" valueMin="0.48">0.48–0.53 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1023,1117,1062,1087]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="30.[151,239,1449,1472]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of selected body parts of larvae of Sibinia species. The measured characters of each specimen were as follows: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—body length of the larva, and BW—body width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax). Median, minimum and maximum measurements are presented. All measurements are in millimetres. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[1104,1117,1063,1087]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
). Endocarinal line present, distinctly reaching middle of frons.
|
||
<emphasis box="[566,610,1099,1122]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[610,618,1113,1127]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[610,618,1113,1127]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very short, located close to frontal suture;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1120,1157,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1158,1166,1113,1127]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1158,1166,1113,1127]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1265,1302,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1302,1310,1113,1127]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1302,1310,1113,1127]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very long, located along frontal suture;
|
||
<emphasis box="[470,507,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[508,516,1152,1166]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="4.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[508,516,1152,1166]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">4</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis box="[608,645,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[645,653,1152,1166]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="5.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[645,653,1152,1166]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">5</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long, located anterolaterally,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1115,1152,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1152,1160,1152,1166]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1152,1160,1152,1166]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
<number box="[1166,1201,1137,1162]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.5">2.5</number>
|
||
times as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[1391,1428,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1428,1436,1152,1166]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="5.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1428,1436,1152,1166]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">5</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,247,1175,1200]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[216,247,1175,1200]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="61.0">61</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis box="[272,300,1177,1200]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[300,308,1190,1204]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[300,308,1190,1204]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[372,391,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[391,399,1190,1204]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[391,399,1190,1204]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis box="[502,521,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[520,528,1190,1204]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[520,528,1190,1204]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
minute, located medially;
|
||
<emphasis box="[847,866,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[866,874,1190,1204]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="4.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[866,874,1190,1204]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">4</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long, located anteromedially (along epistoma);
|
||
<emphasis box="[276,295,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[294,302,1230,1244]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="5.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[294,302,1230,1244]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">5</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very long, located anterolaterally (along epistoma),
|
||
<emphasis box="[885,904,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[904,912,1230,1244]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="5.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[904,912,1230,1244]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">5</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
<number box="[918,953,1214,1239]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.5">2.5</number>
|
||
times as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[1142,1161,1215,1239]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">fs</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1161,1169,1230,1244]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="4.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1161,1169,1230,1244]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">4</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1183,1266,1214,1239]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1235,1266,1214,1239]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="61.0">61</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis box="[1286,1325,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Les</emphasis>
|
||
almost as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[241,278,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">des</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[279,287,1268,1282]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[279,287,1268,1282]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
; both
|
||
<emphasis box="[361,397,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">ves</emphasis>
|
||
short. Postepicranial area without
|
||
<emphasis box="[795,832,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">pes</emphasis>
|
||
and with
|
||
<number box="[949,963,1253,1278]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
sensilla. Antennal segment membranous, bearing conical sensorium and
|
||
<number box="[499,513,1293,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
very short, conical, sensilla (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[841,926,1292,1317]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[894,926,1292,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="64.0">64</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,846,1829]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[307,389,1328,1353]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[360,389,1328,1353]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="65.0">65</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<number box="[406,420,1329,1353]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
times as wide as long; with
|
||
<number box="[746,760,1329,1353]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
very short
|
||
<emphasis box="[890,921,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">cls</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<number box="[984,998,1329,1353]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
sensillum, all located posterolaterally; anterior margin slightly rounded inside. Labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[710,792,1364,1389]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[763,792,1364,1389]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="65.0">65</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) approximately
|
||
<number box="[977,1012,1365,1389]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.1">2.1</number>
|
||
times as wide as long;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1277,1316,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">lms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1316,1324,1379,1393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1316,1324,1379,1393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
distinctly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis box="[290,329,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">lms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[329,337,1418,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[329,337,1418,1432]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
, and as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[513,552,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">lms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[552,560,1418,1432]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[552,560,1418,1432]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
; anterior margin slightly sinuate. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1082,1163,1403,1428]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1134,1163,1403,1428]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="66.0">66</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[1234,1248,1403,1427]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long, finger-like
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,184,1442,1467]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">als</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with
|
||
<number box="[471,485,1442,1466]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[555,600,1443,1466]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">ams</emphasis>
|
||
, in equal length; with
|
||
<number box="[853,867,1442,1466]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
relatively short
|
||
<emphasis box="[1049,1093,1443,1466]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">mes</emphasis>
|
||
(see comments about
|
||
<emphasis box="[1343,1388,1443,1466]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">ams</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,195,1479,1502]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">mes</emphasis>
|
||
in Material and Methods); labral rods short, kidney-shaped, strongly converging posteriorly. Mandibles (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[151,180,1514,1539]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="63.0">63</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[258,272,1514,1538]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
very short
|
||
<emphasis box="[407,452,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">mds</emphasis>
|
||
. Maxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[574,662,1514,1539]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[630,662,1514,1539]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="62.0">62</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
): stipes with
|
||
<number box="[818,832,1514,1538]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
very long
|
||
<emphasis box="[961,1005,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">stps</emphasis>
|
||
, and with
|
||
<number box="[1132,1146,1514,1538]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
very long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1275,1308,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
, of similar length;
|
||
<number box="[236,250,1550,1574]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
very short
|
||
<emphasis box="[377,422,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
; mala with
|
||
<number box="[556,570,1550,1574]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="4.0">4</number>
|
||
slightly curved
|
||
<emphasis box="[752,797,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">dms</emphasis>
|
||
, different in length; with
|
||
<number box="[1086,1100,1550,1574]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
moderately short
|
||
<emphasis box="[1303,1347,1551,1574]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, almost of equal length. Maxillary palpi: length ratio of basal and distal palpomeres
|
||
<number box="[1030,1041,1586,1610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
:
|
||
<number box="[1045,1088,1586,1610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.7">1.7</number>
|
||
; basal palpomera with
|
||
<number box="[1357,1371,1586,1610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,209,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">mxps</emphasis>
|
||
; distal palpomera with group of
|
||
<number box="[573,615,1622,1646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4</number>
|
||
conical, cuticular apical processes. Prementum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1160,1241,1621,1646]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1212,1241,1621,1646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="62.0">62</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) almost rounded, with
|
||
<number box="[211,225,1658,1682]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[296,352,1659,1682]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">prms</emphasis>
|
||
; margin of ligula slightly curved inside; ligula with
|
||
<number box="[970,984,1658,1682]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[995,1035,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
; premental sclerite clearly visible. Postmentum (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[306,387,1693,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 61 – 66" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1592,1614]" captionTargetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[234,1353,193,1571]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 61 – 66. Sibinia sicana mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61 — dorsal view (des — dorsal epicranial s., fs — frontal epicranial s., les — lateral epicranial s., ves — ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62 — right maxilla, dorsal view (dms — dorsal malar s., vms — ventral malar s., mpxs — maxillary palps s., mbs — basioventral s., pfs — palpiferal s., stps — stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (prms — premental s., pms — postmental s., ligs — ligular s.); 63 — right mandible (mds — mandible dorsal s.); 64 — antenna; 65 — labrum and clypeus (cls — clypeal s., lms — labral s.); 66 — epipharynx (ams — anteromedial s., als — anterolateral s., mes — median s., lr—labral rods)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[358,387,1693,1718]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="62.0">62</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[459,473,1694,1718]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[481,526,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">pms</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[540,585,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[585,593,1709,1723]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[585,593,1709,1723]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
absent, moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[875,920,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[920,928,1709,1723]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">2</emphasis>
|
||
, 2 times as long as
|
||
<emphasis box="[1148,1193,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">pms</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1193,1201,1709,1723]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1193,1201,1709,1723]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[151,1437,846,1829]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
THORAX AND ABDOMEN. Body length
|
||
<number box="[627,676,1732,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="2.6">2.60</number>
|
||
–3.00 mm (see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[846,934,1732,1757]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="30.[151,239,1449,1472]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements of selected body parts of larvae of Sibinia species. The measured characters of each specimen were as follows: HW—head width of mature larva, HL—head length of mature larva, BL—body length of the larva, and BW—body width at the widest point (meso- or metathorax). Median, minimum and maximum measurements are presented. All measurements are in millimetres. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[921,934,1733,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
), elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1067,1151,1732,1757]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1119,1151,1732,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="67.0">67</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal segments I– V almost equal in length, slightly larger than abdominal segment VI and VII (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1047,1133,1768,1793]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1101,1133,1768,1793]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" value="67.0">67</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spiracles on abdomen in median parts of segments (abdominal seg. I–VIII).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239129/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[239,1319,252,1557]" targetPageId="22">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[151,1436,1592,1767]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,340,1592,1614]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">FIGURES 61–66.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[345,489,1592,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[345,489,1592,1614]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Sibinia sicana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts: 61—dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1132,1165,1592,1614]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">des</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal epicranial s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1394,1411,1592,1614]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">fs</emphasis>
|
||
— frontal epicranial s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[360,388,1623,1645]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">les</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral epicranial s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[619,651,1624,1645]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">ves</emphasis>
|
||
—ventro epicranial s., st—stemmata, at—antenna); 62—right maxilla, dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis box="[216,257,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">dms</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal malar s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[446,485,1654,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">vms</emphasis>
|
||
—ventral malar s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[683,735,1654,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">mpxs</emphasis>
|
||
—maxillary palps s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[955,996,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">mbs</emphasis>
|
||
—basioventral s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1182,1211,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">pfs</emphasis>
|
||
—palpiferal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1371,1410,1654,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">stps</emphasis>
|
||
— stipital s.), prementum and postmentum, ventral view (
|
||
<emphasis box="[724,774,1685,1706]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">prms</emphasis>
|
||
—premental s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[942,982,1685,1706]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">pms</emphasis>
|
||
—postmental s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1160,1196,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">ligs</emphasis>
|
||
—ligular s.); 63—right mandible (
|
||
<emphasis box="[260,301,1715,1737]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">mds</emphasis>
|
||
—mandible dorsal s.); 64—antenna; 65—labrum and clypeus (
|
||
<emphasis box="[944,972,1715,1737]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">cls</emphasis>
|
||
—clypeal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1108,1143,1715,1737]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">lms</emphasis>
|
||
—labral s.); 66—epipharynx (
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,199,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">ams</emphasis>
|
||
—anteromedial s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[393,422,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">als</emphasis>
|
||
—anterolateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[609,648,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">mes</emphasis>
|
||
—median s., lr—labral rods).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" targetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[151,1436,1845,1959]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,341,1845,1867]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">FIGURES 67–70.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[349,495,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[349,495,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Sibinia sicana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mature larva habitus: 67—lateral view, 68—lateral view of thoracic segments, 69—lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70—lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (
|
||
<emphasis box="[990,1035,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">prns</emphasis>
|
||
—pronotal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1183,1215,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">prs</emphasis>
|
||
—prodorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1375,1410,1876,1898]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">pds</emphasis>
|
||
— postdorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[299,321,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">as</emphasis>
|
||
—alar s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[429,449,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">ss</emphasis>
|
||
—spiracular s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[619,653,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">eps</emphasis>
|
||
—epipleural s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[823,845,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">ps</emphasis>
|
||
—pleural s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[986,1024,1907,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">pda</emphasis>
|
||
—pedal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1148,1182,1907,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
—laterosternal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1377,1411,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">eus</emphasis>
|
||
— eusternal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[277,299,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">ds</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[422,449,1938,1959]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">sts</emphasis>
|
||
—sternal s., Th1–3—number of thoracic segments, Ab1–10—number of abdominal seg.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239131/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" targetBox="[214,1363,193,1879]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="24.[151,1436,1923,2037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,346,1923,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">FIGURES 71–75.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[358,509,1923,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[358,509,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">Sibinia sicana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupa habitus: 71—ventral view; 72—detail of head; 73—dorsal view; 74—detail of pronotum; 75—lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1106,1128,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">as</emphasis>
|
||
—apical s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1251,1264,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">d</emphasis>
|
||
—dorsal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1388,1410,1953,1975]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">ds</emphasis>
|
||
— discal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[244,251,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">l</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral s. on abdomen,
|
||
<emphasis box="[504,521,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">ls</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral s. on pronotum,
|
||
<emphasis box="[780,803,1985,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">os</emphasis>
|
||
—orbital s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[928,963,1985,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">pas</emphasis>
|
||
—postantennal s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1151,1181,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">pls</emphasis>
|
||
—posterolateral s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1378,1410,1985,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">sos</emphasis>
|
||
— superorbital s.,
|
||
<emphasis box="[307,328,2016,2037]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="175">vs</emphasis>
|
||
—vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Chaetotaxy of body rather reduced. Setae long to very short and light yellow.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1063,1158,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1290,1371,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1342,1371,151,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="68.0">68</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[151,165,185,209]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[173,211,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">prn</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<number box="[228,242,185,210]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="6.0">6</number>
|
||
macro- and
|
||
<number box="[389,403,185,209]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
microsetae;
|
||
<number box="[549,563,185,209]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[631,656,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of same length;
|
||
<number box="[849,863,185,209]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[937,974,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Meso- and metathorax (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1263,1346,185,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1317,1346,185,210]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="68.0">68</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[1422,1436,185,209]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[340,375,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">prs</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[390,404,219,243]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[467,506,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
, similar in length; alar area with
|
||
<number box="[875,889,219,243]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[952,977,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">as</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[991,1005,219,243]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1068,1090,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ss</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[1104,1118,219,243]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1181,1218,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">eps</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[1233,1247,219,243]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,176,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ps</emphasis>
|
||
, similar in length; and
|
||
<number box="[433,447,252,276]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[516,553,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well-separated and with
|
||
<number box="[1262,1303,252,276]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3</number>
|
||
moderately long to long
|
||
<emphasis box="[304,346,285,310]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pda</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[364,487,285,310]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal segments I–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[830,973,285,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Figs. 69, 70</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[1051,1065,286,310]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1136,1172,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">prs</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[1190,1204,286,310]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1275,1313,285,310]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of similar length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[237,275,318,343]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[276,284,333,347]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[276,284,333,347]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[343,382,318,343]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[382,390,333,347]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[382,390,333,347]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
slightly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis box="[638,677,318,343]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[677,685,333,347]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,685,333,347]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[702,716,319,343]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
<emphasis box="[725,747,319,342]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ss</emphasis>
|
||
of different length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[981,1003,319,342]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ss</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1003,1011,333,347]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1003,1011,333,347]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
very short to minute,
|
||
<emphasis box="[1271,1293,319,342]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ss</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1293,1301,333,347]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1293,1301,333,347]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
moderately long;
|
||
<number box="[215,229,355,379]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
long
|
||
<emphasis box="[292,329,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">eps</emphasis>
|
||
in equal length;
|
||
<number box="[517,531,355,379]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[727,752,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ps</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[766,780,355,379]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[976,1013,354,379]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and
|
||
<number box="[1075,1089,355,379]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[1159,1196,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment VIII (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[216,299,388,413]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[269,299,388,412]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="70.0">70</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[373,387,388,412]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[460,496,389,412]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">prs</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[513,527,388,412]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="3.0">3</number>
|
||
relatively short
|
||
<emphasis box="[714,752,388,413]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
of similar length,
|
||
<emphasis box="[964,1003,388,413]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1004,1012,403,417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1004,1012,403,417]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">1</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[1068,1107,388,413]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1108,1116,403,417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="3.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1108,1116,403,417]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">3</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
slightly shorter than
|
||
<emphasis box="[1359,1398,388,413]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">pds</emphasis>
|
||
<number box="[1398,1406,403,417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1398,1406,403,417]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">2</emphasis>
|
||
</number>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[1421,1435,388,412]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
minute
|
||
<emphasis box="[237,259,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ss</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[276,290,424,448]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[492,529,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">eps</emphasis>
|
||
in equal length;
|
||
<number box="[726,740,424,448]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[942,967,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ps</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[984,998,424,448]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1200,1237,424,449]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">lsts</emphasis>
|
||
; and
|
||
<number box="[1304,1318,424,448]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
short
|
||
<emphasis box="[1391,1428,425,448]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">eus</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal segment IX (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[446,533,457,482]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[503,533,458,482]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="70.0">70</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<number box="[615,629,458,482]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[843,868,457,482]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ds</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<number box="[888,902,458,482]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[1115,1140,458,481]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">ps</emphasis>
|
||
of similar length; and
|
||
<number box="[1421,1435,458,482]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
moderately long
|
||
<emphasis box="[340,369,492,515]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">sts</emphasis>
|
||
in equal length. Anal lobes on abdominal segment X (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[981,1063,490,515]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 70" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,299,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,142,1966]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 70. Sibinia sicana mature larva habitus: 67 — lateral view, 68 — lateral view of thoracic segments, 69 — lateral view of abdominal segment I, 70 — lateral view of abdominal segments VII—X (prns — pronotal s., prs — prodorsal s., pds — postdorsal s., as — alar s., ss — spiracular s., eps — epipleural s., ps — pleural s., pda — pedal s., lsts — laterosternal s., eus — eusternal s., ds — dorsal s., sts — sternal s., Th 1 – 3 — number of thoracic segments, Ab 1 – 10 — number of abdominal seg.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239130/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[1033,1063,491,515]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="70.0">70</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) without setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1049]" box="[199,750,524,549]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,442,524,549]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Description of pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
COLORATION. Body white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
MORPHOLOGY (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[381,523,557,582]" captionStart="FIGURES 71 – 75" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[214,1363,193,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[202,1382,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 71 – 75. Sibinia sicana pupa habitus: 71 — ventral view; 72 — detail of head; 73 — dorsal view; 74 — detail of pronotum; 75 — lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae; as — apical s., d — dorsal s., ds — discal s., l — lateral s. on abdomen, ls — lateral s. on pronotum, os — orbital s., pas — postantennal s., pls — posterolateral s., sos — superorbital s., vs — vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239131/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Figs.
|
||
<number box="[448,523,557,582]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="73.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="71.0">71–75</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length
|
||
<quantity box="[698,868,557,582]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.005" metricValueMax="2.34" metricValueMin="1.67" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" unit="mm" value="2.005" valueMax="2.34" valueMin="1.67">1.67–2.34 mm</quantity>
|
||
; widest part
|
||
<quantity box="[1021,1188,557,582]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2799999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.16" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" unit="mm" value="1.2799999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.16">1.16–1.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
(see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1254,1350,557,582]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="31.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox="[159,1384,381,899]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements of selected body parts of pupae of Sibinia species for both sexes. The measured characters of each specimen were as follows: HW (P) — head width of pupa, BL (P) — body length of the pupa, and BW (P) — body width of the pupa at the widest point (meso- or metacoxae). Median, minimum and maximum measurements are presented. All measurements are in millimetres. These measurements are cited in the descriptions of each species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFF18FB3EFECB" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" tableUuid="DF67848FFFBB2907FF6AFF18FB3EFECB">
|
||
Table.
|
||
<number box="[1334,1350,558,582]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
</tableCitation>
|
||
). Body moderately elongated. Rostrum medium long, approximately
|
||
<number box="[881,916,591,615]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="3.1">3.1</number>
|
||
times as long as wide, reaching almost to mesocoxae. Pronotum
|
||
<number box="[407,456,624,648]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1.37">1.37</number>
|
||
times as wide as long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[371,509,657,682]" captionStart="FIGURES 71 – 75" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[214,1363,193,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[202,1382,193,1889]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 71 – 75. Sibinia sicana pupa habitus: 71 — ventral view; 72 — detail of head; 73 — dorsal view; 74 — detail of pronotum; 75 — lateral view; (HW—head width; BW—body width; BL—body length; setae; as — apical s., d — dorsal s., ds — discal s., l — lateral s. on abdomen, ls — lateral s. on pronotum, os — orbital s., pas — postantennal s., pls — posterolateral s., sos — superorbital s., vs — vertical s.; pc—pseudocerci)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/239131/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Figs.
|
||
<number box="[434,509,657,682]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="73.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="71.0">71–75</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Setae distinct, long, all equal in length (except on abdominal seg. IX), light, hairlike. Setae on abdominal segments I–VIII placed posteromedially and posterolaterally; all abdominal setae located on small, conical protuberances. Pseudocerci elongated, slightly curved to inside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,482,757,782]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Biological observations.</emphasis>
|
||
The host plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Guss." authorityName="Guss." box="[662,954,757,782]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arrostii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[662,881,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Gypsophila arrostii</emphasis>
|
||
Guss.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was previously unknown. It is an endemic species of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[384,435,790,815]" name="Italy" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sicily. The larvae fed on seeds and, as with other species, left the capsule when mature. Pupation was observed
|
||
<number box="[507,521,824,848]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="8.0">8</number>
|
||
days after the larvae entered the soil. Adults were found in the cells
|
||
<number box="[1288,1316,824,848]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="10.0">10</number>
|
||
days later.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="176" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="25.[151,1437,151,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,857,882]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
With its host plant, this species is only found in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[974,1025,857,882]" name="Italy" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Basilicata and Calabria) and Sicily and was considered very rare. However, adults were collected in large numbers on its flowering host plant in a season when typically in Sicily almost the whole herbs are dry and the collection of weevils by netting was unlikely to be conducted. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Fahraeus, 1843" authorityName="Fahraeus" authorityYear="1843" box="[506,816,957,982]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||
<emphasis box="[506,520,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[536,631,957,982]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">unicolor</emphasis>
|
||
Fåhraeus,
|
||
<number box="[758,816,958,982]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1843.0">1843</number>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a closely related species to
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1254,1358,958,981]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Sibinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1254,1268,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1285,1358,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">sicana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is widely distributed in the central and Eastern Palaearctic, lives on
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[885,1014,990,1015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[885,1014,990,1015]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">Gypsophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1031,1182,990,1015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1031,1048,991,1014]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1062,1182,990,1015]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">paniculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Porta" authorityName="Porta" box="[1227,1432,990,1015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="papillosa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1227,1244,991,1014]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1258,1362,990,1015]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">papillosa</emphasis>
|
||
Porta
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[198,303,1025,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Gypsophila" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="repens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[198,215,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[229,303,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="176">repens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Caldara" box="[348,502,1024,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" refString="Caldara, R. (1985) Revisione delle Sibinia paleartiche (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 62 / 63 (1983 - 1984), 24 - 105." type="journal article" year="1985">
|
||
Caldara
|
||
<number box="[443,502,1024,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1985.0">1985</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dieckmann" box="[513,710,1024,1049]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" refString="Dieckmann, L. (1988) Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Curculionidae (Curculioninae: Ellescini, Acalyptini, Tychiini, Anthonomini, Curculionini). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 38, 365 - 468." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Dieckmann
|
||
<number box="[650,710,1024,1048]" pageId="25" pageNumber="176" value="1988.0">1988</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |