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<document id="0D948EEC726A93422E72EDBEF4199BD8" ID-CLB-Dataset="45446" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.214547" ID-GBIF-Dataset="33ce2b50-ead2-4f39-9623-b6f064f2175d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="214547" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460438854430" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yamamoto, Nao, Hirowatari, Toshiya &amp; Yamamoto, Masaru" docDate="2012" docId="03AABA65577DFFDECEA7F594042FFDBF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03191p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3191" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) acristylum Yamamoto, Hirowatari &amp; Yamamoto, 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FF93C21D577CFFDCCE30F6610151FF89" masterDocTitle="The subgenus Pentapedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Yaeyama Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698332614842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DE801B7157296E2FE7B5D42572D564EB">The subgenus Pentapedilum Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Yaeyama Islands, the Ryukyus, Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="707FACE251ECA879DD4B2D833F6280AA">Yamamoto, Nao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5D6EF21E2B69D3FAAE5F1D69FC03F4F8">Hirowatari, Toshiya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CA306F348066FE354BC0F5AB9F37955E">Yamamoto, Masaru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9FE290F7DC59747A2C5510C269FC9620">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03AABA65577DFFDECEA7F594042FFDBF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5242494" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119507295" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5242494" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AABA65577DFFDECEA7F594042FFDBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AABA65577DFFDECEA7F594042FFDBF" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577DFFDDCEA7F5940043FBA6" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEA7F594038AFB86" blockId="1.[151,731,1013,1071]" box="[151,731,1013,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<heading id="D0F4BC1F577DFFDDCEA7F594038AFB86" bold="true" box="[151,731,1013,1039]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEA7F594038AFB86" bold="true" box="[151,731,1013,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577DFFDDCEA7F5940326FB86" ID-CoL="9J2LK" box="[151,631,1013,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acristylum" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pentapedilum">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEA7F594007FFB86" bold="true" box="[151,302,1013,1039]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Polypedilum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCF0FF59400B7FB86" bold="true" box="[319,486,1013,1039]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCFC8F5940326FB86" bold="true" box="[504,631,1013,1039]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">acristylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2446A1A577DFFDDCC4DF594038AFB86" box="[637,731,1013,1039]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEA7F2760043FBA6" blockId="1.[151,731,1013,1071]" box="[151,274,1047,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
(
<figureCitation id="133817F6577DFFDDCEAFF2760058FBA6" box="[159,265,1047,1071]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,282,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Adult male of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) acristylum sp. nov. 1: thorax, lateral view; 2: wing; 3: scale of fore tibia; 4: genitalia, dorsal view; 5: genitalia, lateral view; 6: superior volsella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577DFFDDCEA7F2010255FAC6" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEA7F201023CFB36" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEA7F20100EFFBF1" bold="true" box="[151,446,1119,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<typeStatus id="54B8B5D1577DFFDDCEA7F2010183FBF1" box="[151,210,1120,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
material.
<typeStatus id="54B8B5D1577DFFDDCF61F20100EFFBF1" box="[337,446,1120,1144]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
male.
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577DFFDDCC3FF2010339FBF1" box="[527,616,1120,1144]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
: Funaura, Iriomote
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577DFFDDCD7CF23E02C2FBFE" box="[844,915,1119,1143]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Island</collectingCountry>
, Okinawa,
<date id="FFBD2DB3577DFFDDCA27F23E05C9FBFE" box="[1047,1176,1119,1143]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="2000-03-22">22.III.2000</date>
, sweep net, M. Yamamoto (No. OPUNY59);
<typeStatus id="54B8B5D1577DFFDDCF85F2E40373FB14" box="[437,546,1157,1181]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577DFFDDCC01F2E503DBFB15" box="[561,650,1156,1180]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">JAPAN</collectingCountry>
: Ootomi, Iriomote
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577DFFDDCD51F2E502F9FB15" box="[865,936,1156,1180]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Island</collectingCountry>
, Okinawa,
<date id="FFBD2DB3577DFFDDCA18F2E505F4FB15" box="[1064,1189,1156,1180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" value="1982-07-05">5.VII.1982</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05C0FA577DFFDDCA81F2E50451FB15" box="[1201,1280,1156,1180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, light trap, K. Ohara (No. OPUNY53); as
<typeStatus id="54B8B5D1577DFFDDCFEDF2C60313FB36" box="[477,578,1191,1215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05C0FA577DFFDDCC7CF2C603C6FB36" box="[588,663,1191,1215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(No. OPUNY12)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F2AA0255FAC6" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F2AA0082FB6D" bold="true" box="[201,467,1227,1252]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
In the male, the strongly haired wing membrane, uniformly colored abdomen and lack of microtrichia on the base of the superior volsella, make the species closely similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577DFFDDCA6CF2900182FAA5" authority="Johannsen, 1932" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodosum" subGenus="Pe.">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCA6CF290053BFA81" box="[1116,1130,1265,1288]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCAB1F29005CFFA81" box="[1153,1182,1265,1288]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Pe</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCA85F291044BFA81" box="[1205,1306,1264,1288]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">nodosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF927682577DFFDDCB10F28E0182FAA5" author="Johannsen" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1932) Chironomidae of the Malayan subregion of the Dutch East Indies. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, supplement, 11, 505 - 552" type="journal article" year="1932">Johannsen, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, it is distinguished from the latter by the projection of the superior volsella with 12 basally placed lateral setae and a wide gonostylus with the acute apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577DFFDDCEF9F33D052EFAFD" box="[201,1151,1372,1396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F33D052EFAFD" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" box="[201,1151,1372,1396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F33D0001FAFD" bold="true" box="[201,336,1372,1396]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latin
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577DFFDDCC35F33D032AFAFD" box="[517,635,1372,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acristylum">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCC35F33D032AFAFD" box="[517,635,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">acristylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, referring to the acute apex of the gonostylus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577DFFDECEF9F31E0368FF7E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F31E03AEFA1E" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" box="[201,767,1407,1432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F31E000BFA11" bold="true" box="[201,346,1407,1432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Description.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577DFFDDCF51F31E00CBFA1E" box="[353,410,1407,1431]" name="Malta" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Male</collectingCountry>
(n = 3, unless otherwise stated)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F3C50080FA56" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Total length 2.3 (1) mm. Wing length 1.551.7 (2) mm. Total length / wing length 1.35 (1). Wing length / length of profemur 3.33 (1).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F38D01B7F9AE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F38D0015F98D" box="[201,324,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Coloration</emphasis>
. Head yellowish brown, thorax dark brown, abdomen pale brown, femur, tibia and tarsi yellowish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F055053EF9C5" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" box="[201,1135,1587,1612]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F0550057F9C5" box="[201,262,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Head</emphasis>
. AR 0.530.59 (2). Ultimate flagellomere 490600 (2) μm long. Rest broken.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F0390593F9E6" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" box="[201,1218,1623,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F039004BF9F9" box="[201,282,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133817F6577DFFDDCF19F036003AF9E6" box="[297,363,1623,1647]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,282,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Adult male of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) acristylum sp. nov. 1: thorax, lateral view; 2: wing; 3: scale of fore tibia; 4: genitalia, dorsal view; 5: genitalia, lateral view; 6: superior volsella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Acrostichals 910 (2), dorsocentrals 13 (2), prealars 3 (2), scutellars 9 (2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F01C001DF881" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F01C0053F91D" box="[201,258,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133817F6577DFFDDCF21F01D0007F91D" box="[273,342,1660,1684]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,282,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Adult male of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) acristylum sp. nov. 1: thorax, lateral view; 2: wing; 3: scale of fore tibia; 4: genitalia, dorsal view; 5: genitalia, lateral view; 6: superior volsella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Anal lobe reduced. VR 1.111.17 (2). Brachiolum with 1 (1) seta, R with 1727, R1 with 1929, R4+5 with 3948, M with 712, RM with 0, M1+2 with 4463, M3+4 with 2428, Cu with 2040, Cu1 with 1423, An with 3139 setae. Cell m basal of RM, r4+5, m1+2, m3+4 and cu plus an each with more than 50 macrotrichia. Squama with 9 (1) setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDDCEF9F1740329F8FD" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F17401AFF8A5" box="[201,254,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133817F6577DFFDDCF3DF1750003F8A5" box="[269,338,1812,1836]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,282,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Adult male of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) acristylum sp. nov. 1: thorax, lateral view; 2: wing; 3: scale of fore tibia; 4: genitalia, dorsal view; 5: genitalia, lateral view; 6: superior volsella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Scale on fore tibia 3048 μm long, without long apical spur. Spurs on mid tibia 3858 μm long, on hind tibia 3555 μm long. Width at apex of foretibia 4755 μm, of mid tibia 4453 μm, of hind tibia 4855 μm. Length and proportions of legs as in Table.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577DFFDECEF9F1E00368FF7E" blockId="1.[151,1436,1119,2016]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,150,320]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B977D761577DFFDDCEF9F1E00009F811" box="[201,344,1921,1944]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133817F6577DFFDDCF57F1E10085F811" box="[359,468,1920,1944]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 6" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,282,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1908]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 6. Adult male of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) acristylum sp. nov. 1: thorax, lateral view; 2: wing; 3: scale of fore tibia; 4: genitalia, dorsal view; 5: genitalia, lateral view; 6: superior volsella." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214548/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Figs. 46</figureCitation>
). Tergite IX with 56 (2) median setae, laterosternite IX with 12 (2) setae. Anal point 4045 (2) μm long, 34 (2) μm wide at base, nearly parallel-sided, gradually tapering to pointed apex. Transverse sternapodeme 4043 (2) μm long, phallapodome 8095 (2) μm long. Gonocoxite 105131 μm long. Total length of superior volsella 4370 μm, base bare with 2 inner setae, projection apically slender, elongated and slightly curved. Inferior volsella 80165 μm long, slightly curved and clavate with prominent apical seta. Gonostylus 85123 μm long. HR 1.281.29 (2), HV 2.24 (1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31958F8577EFFDECEF9F765042FFDBF" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEF9F7650570FEB6" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEF9F765006CFE95" bold="true" box="[201,317,260,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Remarks.</emphasis>
The species was collected in open ground near the edge of evergreen forest around Kanpira-falls in Iriomote
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECECEF7460013FEB6" box="[254,322,295,319]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Island</collectingCountry>
in the Yaeyama Islands, the Ryukyus,
<collectingCountry id="F3144BE3577EFFDECCC5F7490264FEB6" box="[757,821,296,319]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Japan</collectingCountry>
(subtropical region).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEA7F70F05A4FE0D" blockId="2.[151,1406,365,571]" box="[151,1269,365,388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECEA7F70F01BAFE0A" bold="true" box="[151,235,366,387]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">TABLE</emphasis>
Length (in μm) and proportions of legs of
<taxonomicName id="4C0370F0577EFFDECCADF70F0563FE0D" box="[669,1074,366,388]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Polypedilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acristylum" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pentapedilum">
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECCADF70F024CFE0D" box="[669,797,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Polypedilum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECD1CF70F02E9FE0D" box="[812,952,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Pentapedilum</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECDF7F70F0563FE0D" box="[967,1074,366,388]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">acristylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2446A1A577EFFDECA09F70F0523FE0A" box="[1081,1138,366,387]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B977D761577EFFDECA09F70F0523FE0A" bold="true" box="[1081,1138,366,387]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male (n=3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEFFF7C1046BFE3F" blockId="2.[151,1406,365,571]" box="[207,1338,416,438]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5 LR</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC0B73577EFFDECEAFF7AB042FFDBF" blockId="2.[151,1406,365,571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">p1 450850 440520 1050 (1) 760 (1) 460 (1) 350 (1) 160 (1) 2.02 (1) p2 640850 570765 365 (1) 215 (1) 135 (1) 90 (1) 60 (1) 0.64 (1) p3 740900 680780 530770 (2) 270340 (2) 230310 (2) 150210 (2) 70110 (2) 0.780.99</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>