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<document id="7AA9241CF1FBA0AD2F178C1A33EF4347" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1099.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5051674" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625110034160" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ball, George E. &amp; Shpeley, Danny" docDate="2005" docId="227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01099p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1099 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1099.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Melaenus piger" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="DE41FFC6FFE4FFB12405F505FFA2FA39" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of the Tribe Melaenini (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with observations on morphological, ecological and chorological evolution" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1698981561892" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7B3072D6B79CD97120ADF941D590579E">Taxonomic review of the Tribe Melaenini (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with observations on morphological, ecological and chorological evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1DEA4CB979EA8867C2C9F625758DB1BA">Ball, George E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="764A908B22EDA1F625C3AFE15CA874CE">Shpeley, Danny</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="637BAE265F519EC5F782FCA45B08A2B4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="26F9E85E6003509ED61CE70E72B955FF">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="370AA0BE23E32242270E7F34A4406F72">2005-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F18AFDA7A7FDA8B9D8E6D3942BB93D05" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5054422" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5054422" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37" lastPageId="38" pageId="37">
<subSubSection id="E2CB6523FFC1FF94250DF1F3FD35FF29" box="[264,663,1270,1296]" pageId="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF94250DF1F3FD35FF29" blockId="37.[264,680,1270,1331]" box="[264,663,1270,1296]" pageId="37">
<heading id="F12681C4FFC1FF94250DF1F3FD35FF29" bold="true" box="[264,663,1270,1296]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC1FF94250DF1F3FD35FF29" ID-CoL="3Z3LJ" authority="(Fabricius 1801)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1801" box="[264,663,1270,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94250DF1F3FD35FF29" bold="true" box="[264,663,1270,1296]" pageId="37">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94250DF1F3FE66FF29" bold="true" box="[264,452,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="37">Melaenus piger</emphasis>
(Fabricius 1801)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2CB6523FFC1FF94250DF01CFD0AFF0A" box="[264,680,1305,1331]" pageId="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF94250DF01CFD0AFF0A" blockId="37.[264,680,1270,1331]" box="[264,680,1305,1331]" pageId="37">
(
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF942514F01CFEDBFF0A" box="[273,377,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[267,1320,828,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-115@2.[264,1323,816,1827]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs illustrating dorsal habitus: A, Melaenus piger Fabricius (SBL 7.33 mm); B, Cymbionotum fernandezi, new species (SBL 3.96 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051676/files/figure.png" pageId="37">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF942580F01CFE6DFF0A" box="[389,463,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="31.[264,368,1220,1244]" captionTargetBox="[271,1318,284,1195]" captionTargetId="figure-229@31.[268,1319,281,1196]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 5. Antenna and elytron of Melaenus piger Fabricius illustrated with SEM photographs. A, antennomeres 1–3, anterior aspect. B, antennomere 3, illustrating ridged microsculpture. C, antennomeres 6 and 7, posterior aspect, illustrating form and setation. D, antennomere 6, illustrating setae and medial longitudinal carina. E, left elytron, dorsal aspect, illustrating form and striation. F and G, left elytron, dorsal aspect, illustrating microsculpture mesh pattern, punctation and setation. Legend: A2, A3, A6 and A7, antennomeres 2, 3, 6 and 7; ac, antennal carina; mtr, microtrichial ridge; qfs, quadrifurcate seta; sp, strial puncture. Scale bars: A, C and F = 100 µm; B, D and G = 10 µm; and E = 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051688/files/figure.png" pageId="37">5A–G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF9425D2F01CFD82FF0A" box="[471,544,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="33.[264,367,1229,1253]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,284,1171]" captionTargetId="figure-313@33.[268,1318,281,1171]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 7. Structural features of Melaenus piger Fabricius illustrated with SEM photographs. A, B, left maxilla, dorsal and ventral aspect, respectively; C, D, labium, ventral and dorsal aspect, respectively; E, F, left middle tibia, apical portion, and basal portion of tarsomere 1, anterior aspect, E—low magnification, F—high magnification, showing microsculpture; G, middle tarsomere 5, apical portion, and claws, ventral aspect; H–K, ovipositor, left gonocoxa—H, gonocoxa 1 and 2; I– K, gonocoxite 1, apical portion and gonocoxite 2, lateral, dorsal and ventral aspects, respectively. Legend: c, cardo; cs, coeloconic sensillum; ats, anterior tibial spur; avl, apical ventral lobe of t­5; css, clamshell sensillum; dls, dorsal lobe of stipes; e, epilobe of mentum; es, ensiform seta; g1, galeomere 1; g2, galeomere 2; gc1, gonocoxite 1; gc2, gonocoxite 2; gs, glossal apical seta; gsap, glossal sclerite, apical portion; gsbp, glossal sclerite, basal portion; gsc, glossal sclerite; gsmp, glossal sclerite, medial portion; ifs, inner face sculpticell; lc, lacinia; lct, lacinial tooth; ll, lateral lobe of mentum; lp1, labial palpomere 1; lp2, labial palpomere 2; lp3, labial palpomere 3; m, mentum; mp2, maxillary palpomere 2; mp3, maxillary palpomere 3; mp4, maxillary palpomere 4; ms, paramedial seta of mentum; m­sms, mental­submental suture; mt, mental tooth; mtb, middle tibial brush; ns, nematiform seta; ofs, outer fimbriate sculpture; pf, palpifer; pfs, palpiferal seta; pg, paraglossa; pge, palpiger; pts, posterior tibial spur; sm, submentum; sms, submental seta; ssf, subapical sensory furrow; ta1, tarsomere 1; tc, tarsal claw; up, unguitractor plate; va, ventral articulation; vls, ventral lobe of stipes; vtls, ventrolateral seta. Scale bars: A–E and G–K = 100 µm; F = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051696/files/figure.png" pageId="37">7A–K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF942629F01CFDD7FF0A" box="[556,629,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="34.[264,367,1264,1288]" captionTargetBox="[366,1202,304,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-207@34.[326,1261,272,1264]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 8. Structural features of Melaenus piger Fabricius illustrated with line drawings. A, left hind wing with venation, dorsal aspect. B–D, phallus and endophallus, in part. Legend: wing veins and cells—AA1+2 and AA3+4, anal veins 1+2 and 3+4, respectively; MP3 and MP4, posterior median veins 3 and 4, respectively; o, oblongum cell; RA4, anterior radial vein 4; RP2 and RP3+4, posterior radial veins 2 and 3+4, respectively; w, wedge cell. Male genitalia: x, sclerite x of endophallus. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051698/files/figure.png" pageId="37">8A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF942685F01CFD3CFF0A" box="[640,670,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="37.[264,368,1114,1138]" captionTargetBox="[348,1238,291,1085]" captionTargetId="figure-199@37.[347,1239,290,1086]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 10. Geographical range of the species of Melaenus Dejean illustrated on an outline map of southwestern Asia, southern Europe, and Africa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051702" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051702/files/figure.png" pageId="37">10</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2CB6523FFC1FF94250DF06CFD4EFFD9" pageId="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF94250DF06CFB1DFF99" blockId="37.[264,1325,1385,1504]" pageId="37">
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC1FF94250DF06CFD3EFFB9" ID-CoL="MTF7" authority="Fabricius 1801: 219" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="219" authorityYear="1801" box="[264,668,1385,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Brachinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94250DF06CFE14FFB9" box="[264,438,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="37">Brachinus piger</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC1FF9425BAF06CFD3EFFB9" box="[447,668,1385,1408]" country="Denmark" county="Andrewes" location="Zoological Museum" municipality="University of Copenhagen Copenhagen" pageId="37" specimenCount="2">Fabricius 1801: 219</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="756A880AFFC1FF9426ADF06CFD49FFB9" box="[680,747,1385,1408]" pageId="37">TYPE</typeStatus>
MATERIAL: not seen (the
<typeStatus id="756A880AFFC1FF942024F06CFBEDFFB9" box="[1057,1103,1385,1408]" pageId="37">type</typeStatus>
is in the
<location id="AF0E6073FFC1FF9420BCF06CFE3AFF99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC1FF9420BCF06CFE3AFF99" country="Denmark" county="Andrewes" municipality="University of Copenhagen Copenhagen" name="Zoological Museum" pageId="37">Zoological Museum</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="4A0AACD2FFC1FF9425A6F08CFCE8FF99" box="[419,842,1417,1440]" pageId="37">University of Copenhagen Copenhagen</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="D2C67638FFC1FF942750F08CFC1AFF99" box="[853,952,1417,1440]" name="Denmark" pageId="37">Denmark</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCounty id="430F4E24FFC1FF9427C3F08CFB96FF99" box="[966,1076,1417,1440]" pageId="37">Andrewes</collectingCounty>
1921: 164)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF94250DF0ACFD4EFFD9" blockId="37.[264,1325,1385,1504]" pageId="37">
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC1FF94250DF0ACFD27FFF9" ID-CoL="3Z3LJ" authority="Schaum 1847: 49" authorityName="Schaum" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1847" box="[264,645,1449,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94250DF0ACFE16FFF9" box="[264,436,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="37">Melaenus piger</emphasis>
Schaum 1847: 49
</taxonomicName>
.—Erichson 1847: 142.—Motschulsky 1855: 42.—Andrewes 1921: 164, 185.—1930: 212.—1935: 28.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2CB6523FFC1FF94250DF315FC0AFC6A" pageId="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF94250DF315FA85FC12" blockId="37.[264,1323,1552,1899]" box="[264,1319,1552,1579]" pageId="37">
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC1FF94250DF315FA81FC12" box="[264,1315,1552,1579]" country="India" location="Eastern" pageId="37" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94250DF315FE0FFC13" bold="true" box="[264,429,1552,1578]" pageId="37">
<typeStatus id="756A880AFFC1FF94250DF315FEE7FC13" box="[264,325,1552,1578]" pageId="37">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<location id="AF0E6073FFC1FF9425B0F314FDAFFC12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC1FF9425B0F314FDAFFC12" box="[437,525,1553,1579]" country="India" name="Eastern" pageId="37">Eastern</location>
<collectingCountry id="D2C67638FFC1FF942611F314FDF1FC12" box="[532,595,1553,1579]" name="India" pageId="37">India</collectingCountry>
, as recorded in the original description (Fabricius 1801: 219)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF94253DF33DFC0AFC6A" blockId="37.[264,1323,1552,1899]" box="[312,936,1592,1619]" pageId="37">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94253DF33DFE6CFC6B" bold="true" box="[312,462,1592,1618]" pageId="37">Recognition</emphasis>
. See
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF94260BF33CFDC5FC6A" box="[526,615,1593,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[267,1320,828,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-115@2.[264,1323,816,1827]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs illustrating dorsal habitus: A, Melaenus piger Fabricius (SBL 7.33 mm); B, Cymbionotum fernandezi, new species (SBL 3.96 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051676/files/figure.png" pageId="37">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
and key to melaenine taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2CB6523FFC1FF97253DF365FE7CF8D7" lastPageId="38" pageId="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF94253DF365FEF6FCCA" blockId="37.[264,1323,1552,1899]" pageId="37">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94253DF365FE6BFC43" bold="true" box="[312,457,1632,1658]" pageId="37">Description</emphasis>
. With character states of genus
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC1FF942749F364FC1CFC43" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1831" box="[844,958,1633,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF942749F364FC1CFC43" box="[844,958,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="37">Melaenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, restricted as follows. Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF942548F38CFE0FFC9A" box="[333,429,1673,1699]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,367,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[267,1320,828,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-115@2.[264,1323,816,1827]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photographs illustrating dorsal habitus: A, Melaenus piger Fabricius (SBL 7.33 mm); B, Cymbionotum fernandezi, new species (SBL 3.96 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051676/files/figure.png" pageId="37">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
. Measurements: see
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC1FF9426AEF38CFCBFFC9B" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1831" box="[683,797,1673,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF9426AEF38CFCBFFC9B" box="[683,797,1673,1698]" italics="true" pageId="37">Melaenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<tableCitation id="E7530313FFC1FF94274CF38CFC78FC9A" box="[841,986,1673,1699]" captionStart-0="TABLE 3" captionStart-1="TABLE 4" captionStart-2="TABLE 5" captionStart-3="TABLE 6" captionStart-4="TABLE 7" captionStart-5="TABLE 8" captionStart-6="TABLE 9" captionStart-7="TABLE 10" captionStart-8="TABLE 11" captionStartId-0="42.[264,352,803,827]" captionStartId-1="43.[264,352,283,307]" captionStartId-2="43.[264,352,1109,1133]" captionStartId-3="44.[264,352,283,307]" captionStartId-4="44.[264,352,1080,1104]" captionStartId-5="45.[264,352,283,307]" captionStartId-6="45.[264,352,1085,1109]" captionStartId-7="46.[264,352,283,307]" captionStartId-8="47.[264,352,283,307]" captionText-0="TABLE 3. Data about variation in Standardized Body Length (SBL, mm) for supraspecific taxa of Melaenini." captionText-1="TABLE 4. Data about variation in maximum width of elytra (EW, mm) for supraspecific taxa of Melaenini." captionText-2="TABLE 5. Data about variation in values for the ratio HW/PWM for supraspecific taxa of Melaenini." captionText-3="TABLE 6. Data about variation in values for the ratio PL/EL for supraspecific taxa of Melaenini." captionText-4="TABLE 7. Data about variation in values for the ratio PL/PWM for supraspecific taxa of Melaenini." captionText-5="TABLE 8. Data about variation in values for the ratio VW/HW for supraspecific taxa of Melaenini." captionText-6="TABLE 9. Data about variation in values for the ratio PWB/PWA for supraspecific taxa of Melaenini." captionText-7="TABLE 10. Data about variation in values for SBL and ratios OL/VW and HW/PMW among euphthalmous and microphthalmous samples of Melaenus elegans Dejean." captionText-8="TABLE 11. Data about variation in proportion of antennomeres 2 and 3 (A2L/A3L) for selected species samples of Melaenini" pageId="37">Tables 3–11</tableCitation>
, and &quot;Comparisons&quot; below, under
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC1FF942551F3B4FD98FCF2" authority="Dejean." authorityName="Dejean. A" authorityYear="1831" box="[340,570,1713,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF942551F3B4FE74FCF3" box="[340,470,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="37">M. elegans</emphasis>
Dejean.
</taxonomicName>
Male genitalia: phallus, endophallus and parameres as in
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC1FF9420EAF3B4FEF2FCCA" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="34.[264,367,1264,1288]" captionTargetBox="[366,1202,304,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-207@34.[326,1261,272,1264]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 8. Structural features of Melaenus piger Fabricius illustrated with line drawings. A, left hind wing with venation, dorsal aspect. B–D, phallus and endophallus, in part. Legend: wing veins and cells—AA1+2 and AA3+4, anal veins 1+2 and 3+4, respectively; MP3 and MP4, posterior median veins 3 and 4, respectively; o, oblongum cell; RA4, anterior radial vein 4; RP2 and RP3+4, posterior radial veins 2 and 3+4, respectively; w, wedge cell. Male genitalia: x, sclerite x of endophallus. Scale bars = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051698/files/figure.png" pageId="37">Figs. 8B–D</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC1FF97253DF205FB0BFBEF" blockId="37.[264,1323,1552,1899]" lastBlockId="38.[264,1326,284,1550]" lastPageId="38" pageId="37">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC1FF94253DF205FC91FD23" bold="true" box="[312,819,1792,1818]" pageId="37">Habitat, habits and seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
This species lives primarily in the tropical deciduous forest/savannah vegetation zone, but also the rain forest zone (Table 17), at altitudes between sea level and
<quantity id="6D299B4DFFC1FF942683F254FD47FD52" box="[646,741,1873,1899]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="37" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
. Andrewes (1935: 27) recorded specimens to be common in refuse bordering rice fields, and wrote that the beetles fly at night. Erwin (1984: 379) wrote that specimens &quot;are found in disturbed areas, in decaying vegetation.&quot; From these statements we infer that members of
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC2FF972764F469FC67FBBC" authorityName="Schaum" authorityYear="1847" box="[865,965,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF972764F469FC67FBBC" box="[865,965,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="38">C. piger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may occupy open areas, rest under cover by day, and are active at night. Based on label data, we infer that the period of maximum adult activity is in June, extending overall from March to December.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC2FF97253DF4E6FCE0F81F" blockId="38.[264,1326,284,1550]" pageId="38">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97253DF4E6FDDFFBC4" bold="true" box="[312,637,483,509]" pageId="38">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="32EA2A2DFFC2FF97268BF4E1FD44FBC7" box="[654,742,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="37.[264,368,1114,1138]" captionTargetBox="[348,1238,291,1085]" captionTargetId="figure-199@37.[347,1239,290,1086]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 10. Geographical range of the species of Melaenus Dejean illustrated on an outline map of southwestern Asia, southern Europe, and Africa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5051702" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5051702/files/figure.png" pageId="38">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). This species is known only from
<collectingCountry id="D2C67638FFC2FF972083F4E1FB5BFBC7" box="[1158,1273,484,510]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="38">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="D2C67638FFC2FF97250DF709FEE5F81F" box="[264,327,524,550]" name="India" pageId="38">India</collectingCountry>
, in the western part of the Oriental Region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC2FF97253DF736FE7CF8D7" blockId="38.[264,1326,284,1550]" pageId="38">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97253DF736FC9AF874" bold="true" box="[312,824,563,589]" pageId="38">Relationships and chorological affinities.</emphasis>
This species is the putative adelphotaxon of
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC2FF97252DF759FDA5F84F" authority="Dejean" authorityName="Dejean. A" authorityYear="1831" box="[296,519,604,630]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97252DF759FE0BF84C" box="[296,425,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="38">M. elegans</emphasis>
Dejean
</taxonomicName>
, the only other known species of
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF972791F759FBAFF84C" box="[916,1037,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="38">
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC2FF972791F759FBA8F84C" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1831" box="[916,1034,604,629]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melaenus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Their marked structural similarities to one another suggest a very close relationship. They form a vicariant pair with
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC2FF972541F7A9FE09F8FC" authorityName="Schaum" authorityYear="1847" box="[324,427,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piger">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF972541F7A9FE09F8FC" box="[324,427,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="38">M. piger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
restricted to the Indian sub­continent and
<taxonomicName id="6DD14D2BFFC2FF9727A7F7A9FB81F8FC" authorityName="Dejean. A" authorityYear="1831" box="[930,1059,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Melaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF9727A7F7A9FB81F8FC" box="[930,1059,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="38">M. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurring only on the African continent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2CB6523FFC2FF97253DF7F9FAAEFC37" pageId="38" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC2FF97253DF7F9FEFCF95F" blockId="38.[264,1326,284,1550]" pageId="38">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97253DF7F9FD8FF92F" bold="true" box="[312,557,764,790]" pageId="38">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF972630F7F9FEF8F95F" location="Andrewes" municipality="Included" pageId="38" specimenCount="86" stateProvince="Ash Sharqiyah">
We have seen
<specimenCount id="BCD7FD21FFC2FF9726E4F7F9FC23F92F" box="[737,897,764,790]" pageId="38" type="generic">86 specimens</specimenCount>
from the following localities, all of which are in the
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF9725E2F621FD0CF907" box="[487,686,804,830]" country="Egypt" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="38">Oriental Region</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="4A0AACD2FFC2FF9726BAF621FC84F907" box="[703,806,804,830]" pageId="38">Included</collectingMunicipality>
also are records published by
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF9720B1F621FA89F907" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF9720B1F621FA89F907" box="[1204,1323,804,830]" municipality="Included" name="Andrewes" pageId="38" stateProvince="Ash Sharqiyah">Andrewes</location>
(1930)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA6E36A8FFC2FF97253DF671FAAEFC37" blockId="38.[264,1326,284,1550]" pageId="38">
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF97253DF671FBA7F9B7" box="[312,1029,884,910]" country="India" location="Andrewes" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97253DF671FD1CF9B7" bold="true" box="[312,702,884,910]" pageId="38">
<collectingCountry id="D2C67638FFC2FF97253DF671FE32F9B7" box="[312,400,884,910]" name="India" pageId="38">INDIA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF97259BF671FD1AF9B7" box="[414,696,884,910]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="38">Andhra Pradesh State</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Kurnool (
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF97273DF671FC11F9B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF97273DF671FC11F9B7" box="[824,947,884,910]" country="India" name="Andrewes" pageId="38" stateProvince="Andhra Pradesh">Andrewes</location>
, 1930)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF972008F671FC4CF98F" collectorName="Bombay State &amp; Bandra &amp; Belgausa" country="India" location="Andrewes" municipality="Igatpuri Nagpur" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bombay State">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF972008F671FB67F9B7" bold="true" box="[1037,1221,884,910]" pageId="38">
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF972008F671FB62F9B7" box="[1037,1216,884,910]" pageId="38">Bombay State</collectorName>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9720CBF671FA84F9B7" box="[1230,1318,884,910]" pageId="38">Bandra</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97250DF699FED5F98F" box="[264,375,924,950]" pageId="38">Belgausa</collectorName>
; &quot;Bombay State&quot;;
<collectingMunicipality id="4A0AACD2FFC2FF972654F699FCACF98F" box="[593,782,924,950]" pageId="38">Igatpuri Nagpur</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF97271BF699FC3BF98F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF97271BF699FC3BF98F" box="[798,921,924,950]" country="India" municipality="Igatpuri Nagpur" name="Andrewes" pageId="38" stateProvince="Bombay State">Andrewes</location>
, 1930)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF9727FFF699FE42FE3F" collectingDate="1906-06" collectorName="F. Benton &amp; Mhow &amp; Andrewes" country="India" county="Balaghat" location="Andrewes" municipality="Hoshangabad" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madhya State">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF9727FFF699FB10F98F" bold="true" box="[1018,1202,924,950]" pageId="38">
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF9727FFF699FB0EF98F" box="[1018,1196,924,950]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="38">Madhya State</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="430F4E24FFC2FF9720BFF699FA84F98F" box="[1210,1318,924,950]" pageId="38">Balaghat</collectingCounty>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="4A0AACD2FFC2FF97250DF6C1FE05F9E7" box="[264,423,964,990]" pageId="38">Hoshangabad</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF9725C4F6C1FD9EF9E7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF9725C4F6C1FD9EF9E7" box="[449,572,964,990]" country="India" county="Balaghat" municipality="Hoshangabad" name="Andrewes" pageId="38" stateProvince="Madhya State">Andrewes</location>
, 1930);
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF9726B4F6C1FCB4F9E7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF9726B4F6C1FCB4F9E7" box="[689,790,964,990]" country="India" county="Balaghat" municipality="Hoshangabad" name="Jabalpur" pageId="38" stateProvince="Madhya State">Jabalpur</location>
,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972729F6C1FC2DF9E7" box="[812,911,964,990]" pageId="38" value="1906-06">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972729F6C1FC2DF9E7" box="[812,911,964,990]" pageId="38" value="1906-06">VI.1906</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9727A3F6C1FB86F9E7" box="[934,1060,964,990]" pageId="38">F. Benton</collectorName>
, 1 (USNM);
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9720DBF6C1FA88F9E7" box="[1246,1322,964,990]" pageId="38">Mhow</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF972515F6E9FE29FE3F" box="[272,395,1004,1030]" pageId="38">Andrewes</collectorName>
, 1930)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF9725EEF6E9FBFDFEF7" collectingDate="1951-09" collectingDateMax="1988-07" collectingDateMin="1951-09" collectorName="P. S. Nathan &amp; Karikal, T. R. S &amp; Biff" country="India" location="Madras State. Bonamalea" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puducherry">
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF9725EEF6E9FC8BFE3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF9725EEF6E9FC8BFE3F" box="[491,809,1004,1030]" country="India" name="Madras State. Bonamalea" pageId="38" stateProvince="Puducherry">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF9725EEF6E9FD38FE3F" bold="true" box="[491,666,1004,1030]" pageId="38">Madras State.</emphasis>
Bonamalea
</location>
,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972730F6E9FC3AFE3F" box="[821,920,1004,1030]" pageId="38" value="1962-06">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972730F6E9FC3AFE3F" box="[821,920,1004,1030]" pageId="38" value="1962-06">VI.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9727A0F6E9FB92FE3F" box="[933,1072,1004,1030]" pageId="38">P.S. Nathan</collectorName>
, 1 (USNM); Karikal, 1 (MRAC); Karikal,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972606F111FDD8FE17" box="[515,634,1044,1070]" pageId="38" value="1964-08">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972606F111FDD8FE17" box="[515,634,1044,1070]" pageId="38" value="1964-08">VIII.1964</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2 (USNM);
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97271CF111FC65FE17" box="[793,967,1044,1070]" pageId="38">Karikal, T.R.S</collectorName>
. Nathan (CMNH):
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF9720AAF111FA84FE17" box="[1199,1318,1044,1070]" pageId="38" value="1982-08">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF9720AAF111FA84FE17" box="[1199,1318,1044,1070]" pageId="38" value="1982-08">VIII.1982</collectingDate>
</date>
, 5;
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF97252EF139FE3AFE6F" box="[299,408,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1984-07">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF97252EF139FE3AFE6F" box="[299,408,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1984-07">VII.1984</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2;
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF9725C8F139FDE6FE6F" box="[461,580,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1986-08">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF9725C8F139FDE6FE6F" box="[461,580,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1986-08">VIII.1986</collectingDate>
</date>
, 3;
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF97267CF139FD44FE6F" box="[633,742,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1987-07">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF97267CF139FD44FE6F" box="[633,742,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1987-07">VII.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1;
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972719F139FC2AFE6F" box="[796,904,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1988-07">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972719F139FC2AFE6F" box="[796,904,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1988-07">VII.1988</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2; Kurumbagaram,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF97208CF139FB4FFE6F" box="[1161,1261,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1951-09">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF97208CF139FB4FFE6F" box="[1161,1261,1084,1110]" pageId="38" value="1951-09">IX.1951</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9720FBF139FEFDFE47" pageId="38">P.S. Nathan</collectorName>
, 33 (UASM); same,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972664F161FD67FE47" box="[609,709,1124,1150]" pageId="38" value="1952-06">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972664F161FD67FE47" box="[609,709,1124,1150]" pageId="38" value="1952-06">VI.1952</collectingDate>
</date>
, 11 (UASM); same,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF9727C3F161FB84FE47" box="[966,1062,1124,1150]" pageId="38" value="1962-04">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF9727C3F161FB84FE47" box="[966,1062,1124,1150]" pageId="38" value="1962-04">IV.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1 (UASM); Madras; Ootacamund (Andrewes, 1930);
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF972692F189FC85FE9F" box="[663,807,1164,1190]" country="India" name="Puducherry" pageId="38">Pondicherry</collectingRegion>
, 2 (USNM); same,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972025F189FB2CFE9F" box="[1056,1166,1164,1190]" pageId="38" value="1963-07">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972025F189FB2CFE9F" box="[1056,1166,1164,1190]" pageId="38" value="1963-07">VII.1963</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2 (USNM); Tinnevelly (Andrewes, 1930); Uppaluru,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972716F1B1FCD5FEF7" box="[787,887,1204,1230]" pageId="38" value="1962-06">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972716F1B1FCD5FEF7" box="[787,887,1204,1230]" pageId="38" value="1962-06">VI.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF972788F1B1FC1DFEF7" box="[909,959,1204,1230]" pageId="38">Biff</collectorName>
, 4 (UASM)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF972071F1B1FB8EFECF" collectorName="Belgaum &amp; C. F. Baker" country="India" location="New" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mysore State">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF972071F1B1FA88FEF7" bold="true" box="[1140,1322,1204,1230]" pageId="38">
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF972071F1B1FA87FEF7" box="[1140,1317,1204,1230]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="38">Mysore State</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97250DF1D9FED6FECF" box="[264,372,1244,1270]" pageId="38">Belgaum</collectorName>
, 1927,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9725D0F1D9FDF9FECF" box="[469,603,1244,1270]" pageId="38">C.F. Baker</collectorName>
, 1 (USNM); same, 2 (OXUM).
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF9727F0F1D9FB8EFECF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF9727F0F1D9FB8EFECF" box="[1013,1068,1244,1270]" country="India" name="New" pageId="38" stateProvince="Mysore State">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF9727F0F1D9FB8EFECF" bold="true" box="[1013,1068,1244,1270]" pageId="38">New</emphasis>
</location>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF97203FF1D9FD0EFF27" collectingDate="1924-12" collectorName="Panjim &amp; J. C. Bridwell" country="India" location="Goa State" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goa">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97203FF1D9FB61FECF" bold="true" box="[1082,1219,1244,1270]" pageId="38">
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF97203FF1D9FB1FFECF" box="[1082,1213,1244,1270]" country="India" name="Goa" pageId="38">Goa State</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9720D5F1D9FA84FECF" box="[1232,1318,1244,1270]" pageId="38">Panjim</collectorName>
,
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF97250DF001FED7FF27" box="[264,373,1284,1310]" pageId="38" value="1924-12">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF97250DF001FED7FF27" box="[264,373,1284,1310]" pageId="38" value="1924-12">XII.1924</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF972584F001FDBDFF27" box="[385,543,1284,1310]" pageId="38">J.C. Bridwell</collectorName>
, 1 (USNM)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF9726B2F001FCEEFFAF" collectingDate="1957-10" collectorName="P. S. Nathan &amp; W. W. Jar &amp; Worth" country="India" county="Chatrapur" location="State" municipality="Andrewes" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Odisha">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF9726B2F001FCF5FF27" bold="true" box="[695,855,1284,1310]" pageId="38">
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF9726B2F001FCF3FF27" box="[695,849,1284,1310]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="38">Orissa State</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="430F4E24FFC2FF97275AF001FC76FF27" box="[863,980,1284,1310]" pageId="38">Chatrapur</collectingCounty>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="4A0AACD2FFC2FF9727E6F001FBFDFF27" box="[995,1119,1284,1310]" pageId="38">Andrewes</collectingMunicipality>
, 1930).
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF9720B9F001FE3CFF7F" bold="true" pageId="38">
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF9720B9F001FB59FF27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF9720B9F001FB59FF27" box="[1212,1275,1284,1310]" country="India" county="Chatrapur" municipality="Andrewes" name="State" pageId="38" stateProvince="Odisha">State</location>
not determined.
</emphasis>
&quot;Bengal&quot;;
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF972625F029FD0BFF7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF972625F029FD0BFF7F" box="[544,681,1324,1350]" country="India" county="Chatrapur" municipality="Andrewes" name="Kunavaram" pageId="38" stateProvince="Odisha">Kunavaram</location>
(
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF9726BDF029FC91FF7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF9726BDF029FC91FF7F" box="[696,819,1324,1350]" country="India" county="Chatrapur" municipality="Andrewes" name="Andrewes" pageId="38" stateProvince="Odisha">Andrewes</location>
, 1930); &quot;India&quot;, 1 (OXUM); &quot;North India&quot;,
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF97250DF051FE2FFF57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF97250DF051FE2FFF57" box="[264,397,1364,1390]" country="India" county="Chatrapur" municipality="Andrewes" name="Capt. Boys" pageId="38" stateProvince="Odisha">Capt. Boys</location>
, 1 (OXUM); &quot;South India&quot;, 2 (MRAC);
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF972769F051FC7EFF57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF972769F051FC7EFF57" box="[876,988,1364,1390]" country="India" county="Chatrapur" municipality="Andrewes" name="Tabalpun" pageId="38" stateProvince="Odisha">Tabalpun</location>
, 1600',
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972032F051FB32FF57" box="[1079,1168,1364,1390]" pageId="38" value="1957-10">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972032F051FB32FF57" box="[1079,1168,1364,1390]" pageId="38" value="1957-10">X.1957</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF972098F051FA8BFF57" box="[1181,1321,1364,1390]" pageId="38">P.S. Nathan</collectorName>
, 3 (USNM);
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9725A1F079FD85FFAF" box="[420,551,1404,1430]" pageId="38">W. W. Jar</collectorName>
[
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97262BF079FDECFFAC" box="[558,590,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="38">sic</emphasis>
],
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97265FF079FD09FFAF" box="[602,683,1404,1430]" pageId="38">Worth</collectorName>
, 1 (OXUM)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF97275AF079FDE4FC37" collectingDate="1970-02-27" collectingDateMax="1970-11-08" collectingDateMin="1970-02-27" collectorName="O. S. Flint &amp; Padaviya &amp; Davis &amp; Rowe" country="Sri Lanka" location="Padaviya" longitude="80.5" municipality="Belaya Wowai" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Anu District">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF97275AF079FB68FFAF" bold="true" box="[863,1226,1404,1430]" pageId="38">
<collectingCountry id="D2C67638FFC2FF97275AF079FBA8FFAF" box="[863,1034,1404,1430]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="38">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF97201BF079FB67FFAF" box="[1054,1221,1404,1430]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="38">Anu District</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="4A0AACD2FFC2FF9720DCF079FEFFFF87" pageId="38">Belaya Wowai</collectingMunicipality>
, 8ºS,
<geoCoordinate id="CFE5506FFFC2FF9725B1F0A1FDB3FF87" box="[436,529,1444,1470]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="38" precision="925" value="80.5">80º30'E</geoCoordinate>
, nr.
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF972652F0A1FD67FF87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF972652F0A1FD67FF87" box="[599,709,1444,1470]" country="Sri Lanka" longitude="80.5" municipality="Belaya Wowai" name="Padaviya" pageId="38" stateProvince="Anu District">Padaviya</location>
, 150',
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF972720F0A1FC18FF87" box="[805,954,1444,1470]" pageId="38" value="1970-11-04" valueMax="1970-11-05" valueMin="1970-11-04">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF972720F0A1FC18FF87" box="[805,954,1444,1470]" pageId="38" value="1970-11-04" valueMax="1970-11-05" valueMin="1970-11-04">4–5.XI.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9727D4F0A1FBF2FF87" box="[977,1104,1444,1470]" pageId="38">O.S. Flint</collectorName>
, Jr., 1 (USNM);
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97250DF0C9FED4FFDF" box="[264,374,1484,1510]" pageId="38">Padaviya</collectorName>
, 180',
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF9725C0F0C9FDF9FFDF" box="[453,603,1484,1510]" pageId="38" value="1970-11-02" valueMax="1970-11-08" valueMin="1970-11-02">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF9725C0F0C9FDF9FFDF" box="[453,603,1484,1510]" pageId="38" value="1970-11-02" valueMax="1970-11-08" valueMin="1970-11-02">2–8.XI.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97266CF0C9FD42FFDF" box="[617,736,1484,1510]" pageId="38">O.S. Flint</collectorName>
, Jr., 1 (USNM);
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF9727AEF0C9FBBBFFDF" box="[939,1049,1484,1510]" pageId="38">Padaviya</collectorName>
, 180',
<date id="DE6F1068FFC2FF97206CF0C9FA87FFDF" box="[1129,1317,1484,1510]" pageId="38" value="1970-02-27" valueMax="1970-03-09" valueMin="1970-02-27">
<collectingDate id="CE2BE980FFC2FF97206CF0C9FA87FFDF" box="[1129,1317,1484,1510]" pageId="38" value="1970-02-27" valueMax="1970-03-09" valueMin="1970-02-27">27.II–9.III.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97250DF0F1FEEEFC37" box="[264,332,1524,1550]" pageId="38">Davis</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF972577F0F1FE1BFC37" box="[370,441,1524,1550]" pageId="38">Rowe</collectorName>
, 1 (USNM)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1AB93CF5FFC2FF972657F0F1FAAAFC37" box="[594,1288,1524,1550]" collectorName="Horouwpotana" country="Sri Lanka" location="Andrewes" pageId="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North Central">
<emphasis id="98A5EABAFFC2FF972657F0F1FCD1FC37" bold="true" box="[594,883,1524,1550]" pageId="38">
<collectingRegion id="6815F84AFFC2FF972657F0F1FCCCFC37" box="[594,878,1524,1550]" country="Sri Lanka" name="North Central" pageId="38">North Central District</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="0724537EFFC2FF97277EF0F1FB8BFC37" box="[891,1065,1524,1550]" pageId="38">Horouwpotana</collectorName>
(
<location id="AF0E6073FFC2FF97203DF0F1FB16FC37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:227887BEFFC1FF97250DF1F3FAAEFC37:AF0E6073FFC2FF97203DF0F1FB16FC37" box="[1080,1204,1524,1550]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Andrewes" pageId="38" stateProvince="North Central">Andrewes</location>
, 1930)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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