151 lines
14 KiB
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151 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623975" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8021bafe-47d3-44eb-ae3d-9ffafe5264f5" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623975" checkinTime="1654632772205" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="1740845AA20CFF92AACC953B0B7879F8" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Chlamyphoridae_0048.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Zaedyus pichuy Ameghino 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="EB79FC22A20FFF91AA6D982E030C701A" masterDocTitle="Chlamyphoridae" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="48" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1658242829510" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Chlamyphoridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>48</mods:start>
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<mods:end>71</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623975</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">8021bafe-47d3-44eb-ae3d-9ffafe5264f5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-08-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6623975</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623934" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195808737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623934" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1740845AA20CFF92AACC953B0B7879F8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1740845AA20CFF92AACC953B0B7879F8" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<heading pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<subSubSection box="[161,193,3349,3395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[158,855,3349,3475]" box="[161,193,3349,3395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<figureCitation box="[161,193,3349,3395]" captionStart="Plate 2: Chlamyphoridae" captionStartId="2.[137,167,3375,3400]" captionTargetBox="[13,2758,13,3638]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Six-banded Armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus), 2. Screaming Hairy Armadillo (Chaetophractus vellerosus), 3. Large Hairy Armadillo (Chaetophractus villosus), 4. Pichi (Zaedyus pichuy), 5. Pink Fairy Armadillo (Chlamyphorus truncatus), 6. Greater Fairy Armadillo (Calyptophractus retusus), 7. Giant Armadillo (Priodontes maximus), 8. Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo (Cabassous centralis), 9. Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo (Cabassous unicinctus), 10. Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo (Cabassous tatouay), 11. Chacoan Naked-tailed Armadillo (Cabassous chacoensis), 12. Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo (Tolypeutes tricinctus), 13. Southern Three-banded Armadillo (Tolypeutes matacus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6624015" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6624015/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">4.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[210,314,3349,3395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[158,855,3349,3475]" box="[210,314,3349,3395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<vernacularName box="[210,314,3349,3395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Pichi</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[368,640,3349,3395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[158,855,3349,3475]" box="[368,640,3349,3395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[368,640,3349,3395]" class="Mammalia" family="Dasypodidae" genus="Zaedyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cingulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pichuy">
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<emphasis box="[368,640,3349,3395]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Zaedyus pichuy</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[158,855,3349,3475]" box="[160,855,3413,3434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[160,236,3413,3434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[246,289,3413,3434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Pichi</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[310,401,3413,3434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[410,564,3413,3434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Zwerggurteltier</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[584,675,3413,3434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[686,855,3413,3434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Piche patagédnico</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[158,855,3349,3475]" box="[160,577,3452,3473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[160,407,3452,3473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[417,577,3452,3473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Dwarf Armadillo</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[2049,2643,294,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2051,2206,294,323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Desmarest" authorityName="Desmarest" box="[2239,2637,294,323]" class="Mammalia" family="Dasypodidae" genus="Loricatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cingulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pichiy">Loricatus pichiy Desmarest</taxonomicName>
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, 1804,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[2049,2643,294,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3804301305" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">type locality not given. Identified by A. Cabrera in 1958 as Buenos Aires, Argentina. Two subspecies are recognized.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623989/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" targetBox="[1436,2027,304,717]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[2049,2643,294,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2051,2451,487,520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Desmarest, 1804" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1804" box="[2053,2433,530,559]" class="Mammalia" family="Dasypodidae" genus="Zaedyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cingulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pichuy" subSpecies="pichiy">Z.p.pichiyDesmarest,1804—pampasofE&SEArgentina.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1928" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1928" box="[2053,2467,609,638]" class="Mammalia" family="Dasypodidae" genus="Zaedyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cingulata" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pichuy" subSpecies="caurinus">Z. p. caurinus Thomas, 1928</taxonomicName>
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— SE Chile and W Argentina.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[2049,2643,294,717]" lastBlockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2050,2330,684,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 220-310 mm, tail 80-130 mm, ear 13-17 mm, hindfoot 44-52 mm; weight 0.7-1.5 kg. Male Pichis are slightly heavier than females. Carapace is light yellow to almost black, with relatively long hair protruding through scales and 6-8 movable transverse bands. Apices of marginal scutes of carapace are sharply pointed. Ears are proportionally short and gray. Head is shorter and wider on individuals from northern Mendoza Province (Argentina) than individuals from southern Mendoza Province. Chromosomal complement is 2n = 62, FN = 94.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1438,1549,1007,1032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Arid to semi-arid habitats with firm, sandy soils from sea level to elevations of ¢.2500 m. Pichis mainly occur in natural grasslands with isolated shrubs of the Patagonian Steppe and Pampas ecoregions and shrublands of the Chacoan Monte biome. They occur to a lesser degree in farmlands and areas with other agricultural activities.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1437,1702,1157,1190]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Pichis are opportunistic omnivores, with a preference for insects, feeding on beetles and their larvae, several species and castes of ants, plant material, scorpions, spiders, other insect adults and larvae, soil-nesting bees, vertebrates such as lizards and small mammals, and fungi. Pichis build up considerable fat reserves in autumn,prior to hibernation. Wild individuals do not drink water.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1437,1572,1353,1386]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Male and female Pichis reach sexual maturity at 9-10 months of age, but some females do not reproduce until their second year. Breeding is seasonal. Reproductive season lasts from spring to early summer, varies latitudinally between three and five months, and is regulated by photoperiod. The Pichiis probably an induced ovulator. Gestation lasts 58-60 days, and litters have 1-2, rarely three, young. Offspring of ¢.50 g are born in October—January inside burrows, where they remain until they are ¢.40 days old and partially weaned. Their eyes do not open until 21 days of age.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1435,1675,1629,1662]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Pichi is mostly diurnal. It hibernates and emerges only periodically during winter months. It can enter shallow daily torpor during other seasons. Torpor bouts are longer and deeper during periods of environmentalstress. The Pichi digs and uses burrows for shelter and thermoregulation. Single, dome-shaped burrow entrance c.15 cm wide and 8 cm high is usually hidden under vegetation. Burrows are usually unbranched, can reach several meters length, and end in a chamber without nesting material. Burrow depth varies seasonally and latitudinally and reflects level at which burrow temperature is not affected by daily fluctuations in aboveground temperature; it can be as deep as 1-5 m in winter. Burrows are sealed while being excavated, probably for temperature control and to prevent access of predators. Abandoned burrows may be used by other animals, particularly snakes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1436,2126,2063,2096]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Pichis are solitary, except during the breeding season when several males can chase a female and show aggressive behavior toward each other. No information is available about home range or density. The Pichi can emit a purring sound whenitis threatened that can change into a grunt or a scream.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1437,1793,2220,2253]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Pichi is mainly threatened by intense (illegal) hunting for food and sport. Individuals are also killed by dogs, hit by vehicles, and affected by habitat modification. Local extinctions have occurred due to a bacterial disease that seems to be related to elevated humidity levels in the environment.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="68" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[1435,2646,727,2530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1437,1589,2426,2451]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Cabrera (1958), Superina (2008), Superina & Abba (2014b), Superina & Boily (2007), Superina & Jahn (2009, 2013), Superina & Loughry (2012), Superina, Carreno & Jahn (2009), Superina, Fernandez etal. (2009), Wetzel (1985b), Wetzel et al. (2008), Zuniga & Araya (2014).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |