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<document id="FBF49396B16FD9651DD1AE3993D856E0" ID-CLB-Dataset="20455" ID-DOI="10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="188d3e7e-4498-4b0e-a0ff-7a74aeb24ca6" ID-ISSN="2624-2834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6280619" ID-ZooBank="48E42503-C56D-4BAF-B9C6-D8A84723ECAB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1645778520245" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jouault, Corentin, Legendre, Frédéric, Perrichot, Vincent, Condamine, Fabien L. &amp; Nel, André" docDate="2022" docId="038387C6830C4631A2E0FE048D34F7D6" docLanguage="en" docName="palaeoentomology.5.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Palaeoentomology 5 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E.4:Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="4EE6FD780FF4521D541D0D0600705D0E" docStyleName="Palaeoentomology.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Litholinga rhora Ren 2002" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFBAFFBE830E4632A268FF9E8E3DFFD4" masterDocTitle="Redescription of Litholingia rhora Ren, 2002 (Neuroptera: Grammolingiidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="20" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1699316458301" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CE504828C342E6904D6294B64D763DCA">Redescription of Litholingia rhora Ren, 2002 (Neuroptera: Grammolingiidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="22D1A13433EABA9774068AB2FDF9256E">Jouault, Corentin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="61E4A27C63351C9D6D7CC60C7963C6F5">Perrichot, Vincent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="90EDC3E17D7DA7D464D185056750E606">Condamine, Fabien L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3AAF084B8ACE533908FB6149A1850D13">Nel, André</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="F5B43F756A90D6BCAEE7C35B77A6BB90">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038387C6830C4631A2E0FE048D34F7D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6317901" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193838346" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6317901" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038387C6830C4631A2E0FE048D34F7D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387C6830C4631A2E0FE048D34F7D6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<subSubSection id="C330655B830C4630A2E0FE048FFAFE60" box="[136,455,410,437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830C4630A2E0FE048FFAFE60" blockId="2.[136,455,410,437]" box="[136,455,410,437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0DD81BC830C4630A2E0FE048FFAFE60" bold="true" box="[136,455,410,437]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830C4630A2E0FE048FFAFE60" authority="Ren, 2002" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="2002" box="[136,455,410,437]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholinga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhora">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A2E0FE048FFAFE60" bold="true" box="[136,455,410,437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A2E0FE048F74FE61" bold="true" box="[136,329,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Litholinga rhora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B21830C4630A339FE048FFAFE60" author="Ren, D." box="[337,455,410,436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" pagination="53 - 67" refId="ref3974" refString="Ren, D. (2002) A new lacewing family (Neuroptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Insect Science, 9, 53 - 67. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7917.2002. tb 00172. x" type="journal article" year="2002">Ren, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C330655B830C4630A2E0FE7C8CA7FD00" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830C4630A2E0FE7C8CA7FD00" blockId="2.[136,778,482,1121]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A2E0FE7C8F57FE28" bold="true" box="[136,362,482,508]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Revised diagnosis.</emphasis>
Forewing with RP with branches distally forked (no branch deeply forked), with at least eight posterior branches; PCu terminated on the posterior margin beyond the second dichotomy of RP; CuA forks after the fork of CuP; CuA and CuP forked beyond the second dichotomy of RP; coloration pattern with alternating broad light and smaller dark stripes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330655B830C4630A2D5FD408CE4FC5C" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830C4630A2D5FD408FF5FC94" blockId="2.[136,778,482,1121]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A2D5FD408F10FD2C" bold="true" box="[189,301,734,760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Material.</emphasis>
Specimen
<collectionCode id="ED3BAE15830C4630A3D1FD408FC3FD2D" box="[441,510,734,761]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/j51y-avsb" name="Naking Institute of Geology and Palaeontology" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">NIGP</collectionCode>
177501, housed in the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Science,
<collectingCountry id="F33D7640830C4630A316FCB88FF8FC94" box="[382,453,806,832]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830C4630A2D5FCD48CE4FC5C" blockId="2.[136,778,482,1121]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A2D5FCD48FDDFCB0" bold="true" box="[189,480,842,868]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Locality and horizon.</emphasis>
Middle-Upper Jurassic deposit of Daohugou, Haifanggou Formation,
<collectingCountry id="F33D7640830C4630A0E7FCF08CEBFC5C" box="[655,726,878,904]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C330655B830C4631A2D5FC0C8EFEFA76" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830C4630A2D5FC0C8FBCFBCD" blockId="2.[136,778,482,1121]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A2D5FC0C8F72FC78" bold="true" box="[189,335,914,940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Description.</emphasis>
Mesothorax massive,
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A001FC0D8CBEFC78" box="[617,643,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">ca</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="4CD29B35830C4630A0F4FC0C8D37FC79" box="[668,778,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.60 mm</quantity>
wide (distance between forewing insertions), and
<quantity id="4CD29B35830C4630A0B1FC288E89FC21" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.09" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="3.09">3.09 mm</quantity>
long; other body parts not clearly visible. Leg with numerous small setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830C4631A2D5FBBC8CF3FAE2" blockId="2.[136,778,482,1121]" lastBlockId="3.[136,778,1164,1442]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
Forewing
<quantity id="4CD29B35830C4630A355FBBC8F92FBE9" box="[317,431,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.42" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="54.2">54.2 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CD29B35830C4630A02FFBBC8C85FBE9" box="[583,696,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="18.1">18.1 mm</quantity>
wide. Forewing elongate, narrow and pubescent, the main longitudinal veins and wing margin scattered with minute trichobothria. Costal area relatively narrow, slightly wider than subcostal space, with only a series of gradate veins producing two rows of cells, a few simple crossveins near wing base. Subcostal veinlets unforked. ScP running parallel with RA. Dense crossveins present between ScP and RA. RP arising close to the base of the wings, with at least eight branches (some indistinct distally). First branch of RP arising at 0.13 of wing length, no branch of RP deeply forked, second dichotomy of RP located at midlength from first and third dichotomy, anterior to CuA fork and nearly aligned with CuP fork, nearly all branches of RP forked distally. Stem of M short with M fork slightly distal to first RP dichotomy, MA forked far distal from MP fork, MA branches forked near wing margin, with six apical branches. MP forking just after third dichotomy of RP and far from CuA from, with numerous branches forked near wing margin. CuA field larger than MP field forking after second dichotomy of RP and after CuP fork, with numerous branches forked near wing margin. CuP field smaller than CuA field, with five apical branches, CuP finishing near distal part of basal wing third. PCu long and pectinate, terminating slightly distal second dichotomy of RP. Wing base with two or three rows of cells distinctly present between A1 and A2. A2 short, abruptly bent toward wing margin. Dense cross venation between veins over entire wing. Trichosors clearly present along wing margin with several of them between each vein along the margin of the wing. Coloration pattern visible with alternating light and dark stripes, light ones (56) broader than dark ones, several additional white spots visible on sides of black bands between veins.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF556658830C4630A2E0F86B8AEEF7D9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6280621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6280621" box="[136,1235,2037,2062]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6280621/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" startId="2.[136,235,2037,2061]" targetBox="[213,1374,1157,2013]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830C4630A2E0F86B8AEEF7D9" blockId="2.[136,1235,2037,2062]" box="[136,1235,2037,2062]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A2E0F86B8F39F7D9" bold="true" box="[136,260,2037,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830C4630A363F8688C6AF7DA" authority="Ren, 2002" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="2002" box="[267,599,2038,2062]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhora">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830C4630A363F8688FEAF7DA" box="[267,471,2038,2062]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="22">Litholingia rhora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B21830C4630A3B6F8688C6AF7DA" author="Ren, D." box="[478,599,2038,2062]" pageId="2" pageNumber="22" pagination="53 - 67" refId="ref3974" refString="Ren, D. (2002) A new lacewing family (Neuroptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Insect Science, 9, 53 - 67. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7917.2002. tb 00172. x" type="journal article" year="2002">Ren, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
Specimen NIGP177501. Habitus. Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF556658830D4631A2E0FC748F8CFB9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6280623" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6280623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6280623/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" startId="3.[136,235,1002,1026]" targetBox="[252,1338,170,979]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0FC748F8CFB9E" blockId="3.[136,1451,1002,1099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A2E0FC748F3BFBD7" bold="true" box="[136,262,1002,1027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830D4631A366FC758C0EFBD7" authority="Ren, 2002" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="2002" box="[270,563,1003,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhora">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A366FC758FFDFBD7" box="[270,448,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Litholingia rhora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBB4B21830D4631A3A0FC758C0EFBD7" author="Ren, D." box="[456,563,1003,1027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" pagination="53 - 67" refId="ref3974" refString="Ren, D. (2002) A new lacewing family (Neuroptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. Insect Science, 9, 53 - 67. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1744 - 7917.2002. tb 00172. x" type="journal article" year="2002">Ren, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
Specimen NIGP177501. Interpretative line drawing of fore- and hind wing venations with names of veins labelled, dotted lines represent hypothetical trajectory of veins not preserved (trichosors and coloration pattern omitted). Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2D5FADE8EFEFA76" blockId="3.[136,778,1164,1442]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Hind wing with a vein configuration similar to forewing, except for costal field with only one row of cells.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSection id="E2A52F3B830D4631A2E0FA4C8D34F7D6" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" type="multiple">
<subSubSection id="C330655B830D4631A2E0FA4C8D34F7D6" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" type="key">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0FA4C8C78FA3E" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" box="[136,581,1490,1514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0DD81BC830D4631A2E0FA4C8C78FA3E" bold="true" box="[136,581,1490,1514]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A2E0FA4C8C78FA3E" bold="true" box="[136,581,1490,1514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
Identification key to
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830D4631A31CFA4C8C78FA3E" box="[372,581,1490,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A31CFA4C8FD2FA3E" bold="true" box="[372,495,1490,1514]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Litholingia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<key id="FFBB61E1830D4631A2E0FA6E8D34F7D6" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
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<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0FA6E8D34F9EA" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
1. CuP heavily branched (with five branches reaching wing margin), wings coloration pattern with thin dark stripes and broad white stripes...............
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830D4631A037F9B78D34F9EA" ID-CoL="3VKRX" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="2002" box="[607,777,1577,1598]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhora">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A037F9B78D34F9EA" box="[607,777,1577,1598]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Litholingia rhora</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0F9DB8D34F947" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0F9DB8D34F947" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">- CuP pectinate or branched, if branched with less than five branches reaching wing margin, wings coloration pattern with broad dark stripes and thin white stripes.............................2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30DE2E75830D4631A2E0F9048D34F933" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0F9048D35F97B" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" box="[136,776,1690,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0F9048D35F97B" box="[136,776,1690,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
2. CuP pectinate............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830D4631A008F9048D35F97B" ID-CoL="6QKK5" authorityName="Khramov" authorityYear="2012" box="[608,776,1690,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longa">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A008F9048D35F97B" box="[608,776,1690,1711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Litholingia longa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0F9288D34F933" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0F9288D34F933" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">- CuP with a variable number of branches but never pectinate.....................................................................................3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30DE2E75830D4631A2E0F9718D34F88D" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0F9718D34F8F4" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0F9718D34F8F4" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
3. Fourth branch of RP deeply forked, three branches of CuA originating at its fork.....................
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830D4631A074F8958D34F8F4" ID-CoL="3VKRV" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="2002" box="[540,777,1803,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polychotoma">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A074F8958D34F8F4" box="[540,777,1803,1824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Litholingia polychotoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0F8B98D34F88D" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0F8B98D34F88D" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">- Fourth branch of RP forked far distad its origin, two branches of CuA originating at its fork..............................4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30DE2E75830D4631A2E0F8FE8D34F7D6" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0F8FE8D37F87A" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0F8FE8D37F87A" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
4. Third branch of RP deeply forked, CuP likely with less than four branches, RP with seven branches.....................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830D4631A00EF8068D37F87A" ID-CoL="3VKRW" box="[614,778,1944,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ptesa">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A00EF8068D37F87A" box="[614,778,1944,1966]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Litholingia ptesa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9536D0830D4631A2E0F82B8D34F7D6" blockId="3.[136,778,1490,2051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<keyLead id="30DB95E5830D4631A2E0F82B8D34F7D6" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A2E0F82B8EADF81E" box="[136,144,1973,1994]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">-</emphasis>
Third branch of RP forked far distad its origin, CuP with four branches, RP with at least nine branches............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C2A4D53830D4631A05FF8738D34F7D6" ID-CoL="3VKRT" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="2002" box="[567,777,2029,2050]" class="Insecta" family="Grammolingiidae" genus="Litholingia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eumorpha">
<emphasis id="B95EEAC2830D4631A05FF8738D34F7D6" box="[567,777,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="23">Litholingia eumorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
</treatment>
</document>