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<document id="B550EE0CEC472780DD7F386B1BCD8AEA" ID-CLB-Dataset="298660" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.12168227" ID-GBIF-Dataset="178ed053-7081-4927-96dd-277fa0d92e5e" ID-ISSN="0870-3876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12168227" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1718800477084" checkinUser="juliana" docAuthor="Heemstra, P. C." docDate="1991" docId="03EC3527717CFFC2FCA6FB0EFD92FAC5" docLanguage="en" docName="BolMusMunFunchal.43.226.5-71.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 43 (226)" docTitle="Epinephelus adscensionis" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="FFD54D5F7170FFCDFFA6FFE7FFCCFFEA" masterDocTitle="A Taxonomic Revision Of The Eastern Atlantic Groupers (Pisces: Serranidae)" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1718813564701" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F46EA7DA055A12AF4271FD4CFAF5956B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1C8A44DB774BC6694421168519643517">
<mods:title id="4023BD8CEF9D68A5F867CC93E5CDBC52">A Taxonomic Revision Of The Eastern Atlantic Groupers (Pisces: Serranidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="B26646C38227DB981C8344D0F5FC70E2">Heemstra, P. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="83A6EA3B5AD9DAFF05CB6FA1CF8A6F6B">Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D213A9D066FD04DA8EDC8313D538B10C">
<mods:date id="003DE21BE4A25316A05D4A1C5C3B5DD4">1991</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D391AEC852EEB7A1A73C7E0F0E4245BA" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="790DB107F107B67A42D3B188E566D304">1991-08-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3EE4B21BF7C08F90E0B58F951B5FA355" type="volume">
<mods:number id="CDF9F601A460CCF30C166EA8DCF581EA">43</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A56CE60FDFD0F14627A6C1A3A4E83F8A">226</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="34238DB84E86539DBBE1FA7F6537CB6C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="882C9B651759918D13BD6CE721283D2C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.12168227</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E7BBF4B7AD86AAED8C207C402AD3636C" type="ISSN">0870-3876</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EC3527717CFFC2FCA6FB0EFD92FAC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12168039" ID-GBIF-Taxon="233229849" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12168039" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EC3527717CFFC2FCA6FB0EFD92FAC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EC3527717CFFC2FCA6FB0EFD92FAC5" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="C35FD7BA717CFFC1FCA6FB0EFB22FAE9" box="[768,1262,1255,1283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FCA6FB0EFB22FAE9" blockId="12.[768,1262,1255,1321]" box="[768,1262,1255,1283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D0B2335D717CFFC1FCA6FB0EFB22FAE9" bold="true" box="[768,1262,1255,1283]" centered="true" fontSize="7" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FCA6FB0EFB22FAE9" ID-CoL="6FTM9" authority="(OSBECK, 1765)" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[768,1262,1255,1283]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FCA6FB0EFBE9FB17" bold="true" box="[768,1061,1256,1283]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Epinephelus adscensionis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717CFFC1FB9AFB00FB2FFB16" author="OSBECK, P." box="[1084,1251,1255,1283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refId="ref30641" refString="OSBECK, P.: 1765. Reise nach Ostinidien und China, etc. German translation by J. G. Georgius. J. C. Koppe, Rostock, 552 pp., 13 pls." type="book" year="1765">OSBECK, 1765</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35FD7BA717CFFC1FC74FAE3FC31FACE" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FC74FAE3FC31FACE" blockId="12.[768,1262,1255,1321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="137E98B4717CFFC1FC74FAE3FC31FACE" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[524,556,1781,1805]" captionTargetBox="[542,1489,1321,1742]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4 - Epinephelus adscensionis, 17 cm. SL. Ascension Islands, from VAILLANT &amp; BOCOURT, 1875." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12168235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12168235/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
Fig. 4.
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FC4DFAFDFC31FACE" box="[1003,1021,1306,1316]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">d</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35FD7BA717CFFC1FDB7FAAAFA05F8E3" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB7FAAAFAEFFA89" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" box="[529,1315,1355,1379]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB7FAAAFD03FAB5" box="[529,719,1357,1375]" family="Percidae" genus="Perca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="tota" subSpecies="maculis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB7FAAAFD03FAB5" box="[529,719,1357,1375]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Perca tota maculis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
... SEBA, 1758; 76, Pl. 27,
<figureCitation id="137E98B4717CFFC1FC7BFAACFBD4FAB7" box="[989,1048,1355,1378]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[557,589,2338,2364]" captionTargetBox="[533,1482,1921,2306]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 7 - Epinephelus coioides, 33 cm. SL, Persian Gulf, from photograph of J. E. RANDALL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12168243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12168243/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
(type locality, unknown).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB5FA80FCDAFA76" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB5FA80FC7EFA93" authority="OSEECK, 1765: 388" authorityName="OSEECK" authorityPageNumber="388" authorityYear="1765" box="[531,946,1383,1407]" family="Trachinidae" genus="Trachinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB5FA80FD38FA91" box="[531,756,1383,1407]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Trachinus adscensionis</emphasis>
OSEECK, 1765: 388
</taxonomicName>
(type locality, Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean; holotype not located).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB7FA46FAC1FA5D" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" box="[529,1293,1439,1464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB7FA46FCBCFA58" authority="WALBAUM, 1792: 349" authorityName="WALBAUM" authorityPageNumber="349" authorityYear="1792" box="[529,880,1440,1462]" family="Percidae" genus="Perca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellio">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB7FA46FD41FA59" box="[529,653,1441,1459]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Perca stellio</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717CFFC1FD31FA46FCBCFA58" author="WALBAUM, J. J." box="[663,880,1440,1462]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refId="ref32840" refString="WALBAUM, J. J.: 1792. Petri Artedi sueci genera Piscium in quibus systema totum ichthyologiae proponitur cum classibus, ordinibus, generum characteribus, specierum differentiis, observationibus plurimis. Ichthyologiae Pars III, Grypeswaldiae, [ed. H], 723 pp., 3 pls." type="book" year="1792">WALBAUM, 1792: 349</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(based on
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FC4EFA47FB6AFA5B" box="[1000,1190,1439,1457]" family="Percidae" genus="Perca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="tota" subSpecies="maculis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FC4EFA47FBD3FA5B" box="[1000,1055,1440,1457]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Perca</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FB8FFA45FB83FA5B" box="[1065,1103,1442,1457]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">tota</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FBFFFA78FB6AFA5B" box="[1113,1190,1439,1457]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">maculis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of SEBA).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB5FA5CFC89FA1B" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB5FA5CFC66FA24" authority="LACEPEDE, 1800: 364" authorityName="LACEPEDE" authorityPageNumber="364" authorityYear="1800" box="[531,938,1467,1492]" family="Trachinidae" genus="Trachinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osbeck">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB5FA5CFD09FA25" box="[531,709,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Trachinus osbeck</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717CFFC1FD69FA5AFC66FA24" author="LACEPEDE, B." bookContentInfo="Vol. 2: lxiv + 632 pp., Paris" box="[719,938,1469,1490]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refId="ref30067" refString="LACEPEDE, B.: 1800. Histoire naturelle des Poissons. Vol. 2: lxiv + 632 pp., Paris." title="Histoire naturelle des Poissons" type="book" year="1800">LACEPÈDE, 1800: 364</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(substitute for
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FBF3FA5CFA57FA24" authority="OSBECK" authorityName="OSBECK" box="[1109,1435,1467,1486]" family="Trachinidae" genus="Trachinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FBF3FA5CFA8DFA24" box="[1109,1345,1467,1486]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Trachinus adscensionis</emphasis>
OSBECK
</taxonomicName>
; type locality, Ascension Island).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB4FA13FB81F9C2" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB4FA13FC95F9ED" authority="VALENCIENNES" authorityName="VALENCIENNES" box="[530,857,1524,1549]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pixanga">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB4FA13FD70F9E7" box="[530,700,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Serranus pixanga</emphasis>
VALENCIENNES
</taxonomicName>
, in Cuv. &amp; VAL., 1828: 383 (type locality unknown [presumably Brazil]; based on a description by MARCGRAVE).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB4F9C9FCFDF98B" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB4F9C9FCAEF9D5" authority="VALENCIENNES" authorityName="VALENCIENNES" box="[530,866,1582,1605]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigriceps">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB4F9C9FD09F9AF" box="[530,709,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Serranus nigriceps</emphasis>
VALENCIENNES
</taxonomicName>
, m Cuv. &amp; VAL., 1830: 517 (type locality unknown, holotype MNHN 7393 (264 mm.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB4F980FD45F973" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB4F980FB81F99D" authority="MULLER &amp; TROSCHEL, 1848: 665" authorityName="MULLER &amp; TROSCHEL" authorityPageNumber="665" authorityYear="1848" box="[530,1101,1638,1662]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="impetiginosus">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB4F980FD3AF994" box="[530,758,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Serranus impetiginosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717CFFC1FD58F980FB81F99D" author="MULLER, J. &amp; F. H. TROSCHEL" box="[766,1101,1638,1659]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refId="ref30594" refString="MULLER, J. &amp; F. H. TROSCHEL; 1848. The vertebrate animals. In Schomburgk, Robert H., The history of Barbados London, Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, xx + 772 pp., 7 pls." type="book" year="1848">MÜLLER &amp; TROSCHEL, 1848: 665</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(type locality, Barbados; holotype not located).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB4F947FA81F95C" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" box="[530,1357,1694,1719]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB4F947FC4EF95A" authority="POEY, 1860: 145" authorityName="POEY" authorityPageNumber="145" authorityYear="1860" box="[530,898,1695,1719]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capreolus">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB4F947FD1CF95D" box="[530,720,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Serranas capreolus</emphasis>
POEY, 1860: 145
</taxonomicName>
(type locality, Cuba; holotype not located).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB4F95BFDA6F905" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB4F95BFCB3F927" authority="BOCOURT, 1868: 222" authorityName="BOCOURT" authorityPageNumber="222" authorityYear="1868" box="[530,895,1723,1745]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varius">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB4F95BFD67F927" box="[530,683,1723,1741]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Serranus varius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717CFFC1FD14F95BFCB3F927" author="BOCOURT, F. M." box="[690,895,1723,1745]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Sci. Nat. (Zool)" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" pagination="222 - 224" part="10" refId="ref27156" refString="BOCOURT, F. M.: 1868. Descriptions de quelques acanthopterygieus nouveaux appartenant aux genres Semm et Mesoprion recueillis dans l'Amerique Centrale. Ann. Sci. Nat. (Zool)., ser. 5, vol. 10, pp. 222 - 224." title="Descriptions de quelques acanthopterygieus nouveaux appartenant aux genres Semm et Mesoprion recueillis dans l'Amerique Centrale" type="journal article" year="1868">BOCOURT, 1868: 222</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(type locality, Gulf of Mexico; holotype MNHN 5190 (166 mm)-
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FDB7F910FA05F8E3" blockId="12.[529,1495,1355,1807]" box="[529,1481,1782,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717CFFC1FDB7F910FCDDF8E3" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[529,785,1783,1807]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FDB7F910FCDDF8E3" box="[529,785,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Epinephelus adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: See C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717CFFC1FC29F910FB85F8E4" author="SMITH, C. L." box="[911,1097,1783,1807]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="12" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 241" part="146" refId="ref31738" refString="SMITH, C. L.: 1971. A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 146: 1 - 241." title="A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera" type="journal article" year="1971">SMITH (1971: 145)</bibRefCitation>
for numerous additional references.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35FD7BA717CFFC3FD94F8DDFC93FBB9" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FD94F8DDFA91F76B" blockId="12.[499,1527,1848,2423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FD94F8DDFD65F8B9" bold="true" box="[562,681,1850,1875]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: Dorsal fin XL, 16- 18; anal fin III,8; pectoral fin rays 18 -20; lateral-line scales 48-53; lateral scale series 92- 108; gill-rakers 7-9 + 16- 19 including 2-7 rudiments on each limb. Body depth less than head length, contained 2.6-3.2 times in SL (for fish 13 -38 cm. SL); head length 2.1 - 2.5 times in SL; pectoral fins longer than pelvics, 1.5 -2.1 times in head length; pelvic fins 1.8 -2.3 times in head length for fish 10- 19 cm. SL, 2.2-2.7 times in head length for fish 20-38 cm. SL. Rear margin of caudal fin convex; dorsal fin with the fourth or fifth spine longest and the interspinous membranes distinctly incised. Interorbital area flat or slightly concave; preopercle evenly serrate, without salient angle; subopercle and interopercle smooth; nostrils subequal. Lateral body scales distinctly ctenoid, with auxiliary scales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC1FD94F768FBA5F6B9" blockId="12.[499,1527,1848,2423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B9315823717CFFC1FD94F768FD4BF749" bold="true" box="[562,647,2191,2211]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">Colour</emphasis>
: Head, body and fins generally buff or pale greenish, covered with reddish brown spots (spots fewer but larger on small juveniles) and scattered pale blotches; usually 3 -5 dark brown blotches (groups of dark spots) at base of dorsal fin and a blackish-brown blotch on top of caudal peduncle (on some specimens, only the dark blotch at base of last dorsal spines is apparent); rear edge of caudal fin with a row of dark brown spots forming a dark margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717CFFC3FD97F6BDFC93FBB9" blockId="12.[499,1527,1848,2423]" lastBlockId="14.[514,863,1087,1114]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="17">
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717CFFC1FD7CF6BCFC6EF69C" author="LUBBOCK, R." box="[730,930,2394,2423]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" pagination="283 - 303" refId="ref30461" refString="LUBBOCK, R.: 1980. The shore fishes of Ascension Island. J. Fish Biol., 17: 283 - 303." type="journal article" year="1980">LUBBOCK (1980)</bibRefCitation>
, the rock hind at Ascension Island may attain a length of &quot;about one metre&quot;
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3AD4B9717DFFC0FDAAF912FA20F8E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12168235" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12168235" box="[524,1516,1780,1805]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12168235/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" startId="13.[524,556,1781,1805]" targetBox="[542,1489,1321,1742]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717DFFC0FDAAF912FA20F8E2" blockId="13.[524,1516,1780,1805]" box="[524,1516,1780,1805]" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
Fig. 4 -
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717DFFC0FDF0F912FC98F8ED" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[598,852,1781,1805]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717DFFC0FDF0F912FC98F8ED" box="[598,852,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Epinephelus adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 17 cm. SL. Ascension Islands, from VAILLANT &amp; BOCOURT, 1875.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3AD4B9717DFFC0FDD1F6A1FA4FF6B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12168237" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12168237" box="[631,1411,2374,2399]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12168237/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" startId="13.[631,662,2374,2398]" targetBox="[540,1491,1925,2336]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717DFFC0FDD1F6A1FA4FF6B3" blockId="13.[631,1411,2374,2399]" box="[631,1411,2374,2399]" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
Fig. 5 -
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717DFFC0FD67F6A1FC4AF6B3" baseAuthorityName="E. GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[705,902,2374,2399]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aeneus">
<emphasis id="B9315823717DFFC0FD67F6A1FC4AF6B3" box="[705,902,2374,2399]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Epinephelus aeneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 136 mm. SI.. Sénégal. from
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717DFFC0FB0DF6A1FAB2F6B3" author="STEINDACHNER, F." box="[1195,1406,2374,2395]" journalOrPublisher="Denkrchr. Akad. Wiss. Wien" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" pagination="19 - 51" part="41" refId="ref32101" refString="1882. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Fische Afrikas I. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Meeresfische Senegambiens. Denkrchr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 41: 19 - 51." title="Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Fische Afrikas I. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Meeresfische Senegambiens" type="journal article" year="1882">STEINDACHNER, 1882</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35FD7BA717EFFC3FC9BFB64FA18FA29" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717EFFC3FC9BFB64FB0BFB7E" blockId="14.[829,1223,1155,1173]" box="[829,1223,1155,1173]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="D0B2335D717EFFC3FC9BFB64FB0BFB7E" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[829,1223,1155,1173]" centered="true" level="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FC9BFB64FB0BFB7E" bold="true" box="[829,1223,1155,1173]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717EFFC3FD99FB21FA18FA29" blockId="14.[512,1541,1219,1483]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FD99FB21FD38FB30" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[575,756,1221,1242]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD99FB21FD9CFB30" box="[575,592,1222,1242]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FDC5FB22FD38FB30" box="[611,756,1221,1242]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a wide-ranging species known from the mid-Atlantic islands of Ascension and St. Helena and, in the western Atlantic, from Bermuda, Massachusetts (one record), South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, and from the Caribbean to southern Brazil. Reports by C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FBD8FAC0FA90FAA9" author="SMITH, C. L." box="[1150,1372,1319,1347]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 241" part="146" refId="ref31738" refString="SMITH, C. L.: 1971. A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 146: 1 - 241." title="A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera" type="journal article" year="1971">SMITH (1971: 148)</bibRefCitation>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FA21FACEFD8EFAB5" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FA21FACEFA55FAD6" box="[1415,1433,1321,1340]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FA0AFAC0FD8EFAB5" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands and South Africa are unsubstantiated (see Remarks, below). This species was not reported by DOOLEY
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FAC9FA88FA6DFA95" box="[1391,1441,1387,1407]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
., (1985) in their extensive survey of the fish fauna of the Canary Islands. Records from the Portuguese islands in the Gulf of Guinea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FBB9FA49FB0AFA28" author="OSORIO, B." box="[1055,1222,1454,1481]" journalOrPublisher="Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat., Lisboa" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="185 - 202" part="2" refId="ref30795" refString="1898. Da distribuicao geographica dos peixes e crustaceos colhidos nas possessoes portuguezas d'Africa occidental e existentes no Museu Nacional de Lisboa. Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat., Lisboa, ser. 2, vol. 5: 185 - 202." title="Da distribuicao geographica dos peixes e crustaceos colhidos nas possessoes portuguezas d'Africa occidental e existentes no Museu Nacional de Lisboa" type="journal article" year="1898">OSÓRIO, 1898</bibRefCitation>
) require verification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35FD7BA717EFFC2FC62FA12FCF4FBBE" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717EFFC3FC62FA12FB8CF9EC" blockId="14.[964,1088,1525,1542]" box="[964,1088,1525,1542]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="D0B2335D717EFFC3FC62FA12FB8CF9EC" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[964,1088,1525,1542]" centered="true" level="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FC62FA12FB8CF9EC" bold="true" box="[964,1088,1525,1542]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">REMARKS</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717EFFC3FD98F9D0F9CFF93D" blockId="14.[512,1541,1589,2439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FD98F9D0FD3DF9A1" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[574,753,1590,1611]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD98F9D0FD9CF9A0" box="[574,592,1591,1610]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FDC7F9D1FD3DF9A1" box="[609,753,1590,1611]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs on rocky reefs in depths of 2 to 100 m. At Saint Helena, it is common in shallow water and represents 90 % of &quot;groundfish&quot; landings; large adults (over 50 cm.) are taken regularly in 50 to 100 m., but are rare in shallow water (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FDACF97CFC9FF95D" author="EDWARDS, A. J. &amp; C. W. GLASS" box="[522,851,1691,1719]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="617 - 686" refId="ref28511" refString="EDWARDS, A. J. &amp; C. W. GLASS: 1987. The fishes of Saint Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean. J. Nat. Hist., 21: 617 - 686." type="journal article" year="1987">EDWARDS &amp; GLASS, 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FCDAF97BFBF9F95A" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[892,1077,1691,1712]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FCDAF97BFC41F95A" box="[892,909,1692,1712]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FC02F97CFBF9F95A" box="[932,1077,1691,1712]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also of major importance to the fisheries at Ascension Island. It is caught with hook and line, in traps and with spears.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717EFFC3FDE6F938FAD0F855" blockId="14.[512,1541,1589,2439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
Records of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FD76F938FC4BF919" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[720,903,1758,1779]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD76F938FD2EF919" box="[720,738,1759,1779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD50F939FC4BF919" box="[758,903,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from South Africa (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FB28F939FA9DF919" author="BARNARD" box="[1166,1361,1758,1785]" firstAuthor="BARNARD" journalOrPublisher="Neill and Co Edinburgh.., Ltd" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" refId="ref26403" refString="BARNARD, K. H.: 1927. A Monograph of the Marine Fishes of South Africa. Part 2: 419 - 1065. Neill and Co Edinburgh.., Ltd.," title="A Monograph of the Marine Fishes of South Africa. Part 2: 419 - 1065" type="book" year="1927">BARNARD, 1927</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FAC0F939FA31F918" author="SMITH, J. L. B." box="[1382,1533,1758,1782]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" refId="ref31860" refString="SMITH, J. L. B.: 1949. The Sea Fishes of Southern Afiica. Central News Agency, Cape Town, South Africa, 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">SMITH, 1949</bibRefCitation>
; C.L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FD99F8E7FD1EF8FF" author="SMITH, C. L." box="[575,722,1792,1818]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 241" part="146" refId="ref31738" refString="SMITH, C. L.: 1971. A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 146: 1 - 241." title="A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera" type="journal article" year="1971">SMITH, 1971</bibRefCitation>
) are apparently based on two dried juveniles sent to the British Museum by ANDREW SMITH in the early 1800’s. These specimens were said to be from “Cape Seas&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FD57F8A3FC1FF8B5" author="BOULENGER, G. A." bookContentInfo="Second edition, Taylor and Francis, London. 394 pp" box="[753,979,1860,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" refId="ref27380" refString="1895. Catalogue of the Perciform Fishes in the British Museum. I. Second edition, Taylor and Francis, London. 394 pp." title="Catalogue of the Perciform Fishes in the British Museum. I." type="book" year="1895">BOULENGER, 1895</bibRefCitation>
); but as no others have been reported from South Africa, it seems likely that ANDREW SMITH may have obtained these fish from St. Helena or Ascension Island. There are no
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FBE5F86EFB34F877" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[1091,1272,1928,1949]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FBE5F86EFB98F877" box="[1091,1108,1929,1949]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FBC0F86FFB34F877" box="[1126,1272,1928,1949]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from South Africa in either the South African Museum or the J. L. B. Smith Institute.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717EFFC3FD99F828FAEBF6DE" blockId="14.[512,1541,1589,2439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
The report of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FD48F837FC68F80E" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[750,932,1999,2020]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD48F837FCCDF80E" box="[750,769,2000,2020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FCB4F828FC68F80E" box="[786,932,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Cape Verde Islands (C.L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FACEF828FDE6F7E0" author="SMITH, C. L." journalOrPublisher="Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 241" part="146" refId="ref31738" refString="SMITH, C. L.: 1971. A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 146: 1 - 241." title="A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera" type="journal article" year="1971">SMITH, 1971: 145</bibRefCitation>
) is based on the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FC2DF811FADDF7FA" authority="J ENYNS (1843)" authorityName="J ENYNS" authorityYear="1843" box="[907,1297,2036,2064]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspersus">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FC2DF811FB95F7FA" box="[907,1113,2038,2064]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Serranus aspersus</emphasis>
J ENYNS (1843)
</taxonomicName>
. Although
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FA05F813FCE7F7DC" author="JORDAN, D. S. &amp; C. H. EIGENMANN" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="329 - 441" refId="ref29782" refString="JORDAN, D. S. &amp; C. H. EIGENMANN: 1890. A review of the genera and species of Serranidae found in the waters of America and Europe. Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 8 (1888): 329 - 441, pls. 60 - 69." type="journal article" year="1890">JORDAN and EIGENMANN (1890)</bibRefCitation>
recognized
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FC6AF7FCFB9DF7DF" authorityName="J ENYNS" authorityYear="1843" box="[972,1105,2075,2101]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspersus">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FC6AF7FCFC16F7C5" box="[972,986,2075,2095]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FC56F7C6FB9DF7DF" box="[1008,1105,2081,2101]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">aspersus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a valid (but dubious) species,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FDA7F7A7FD38F7B6" author="BOULENGER, G. A." bookContentInfo="Second edition, Taylor and Francis, London. 394 pp" box="[513,756,2112,2140]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" refId="ref27380" refString="1895. Catalogue of the Perciform Fishes in the British Museum. I. Second edition, Taylor and Francis, London. 394 pp." title="Catalogue of the Perciform Fishes in the British Museum. I." type="book" year="1895">BOULENGER (1895)</bibRefCitation>
and C.L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FCD2F7A7FBDBF7B6" author="SMITH, C. L." box="[884,1047,2112,2140]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 241" part="146" refId="ref31738" refString="SMITH, C. L.: 1971. A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 146: 1 - 241." title="A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera" type="journal article" year="1971">SMITH (1971)</bibRefCitation>
regarded it as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FA20F7A6FD8EF790" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FA20F7A6FA55F7BF" box="[1414,1433,2113,2133]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FA0DF7D8FD8EF790" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. JENYNS' (1843) original description of a 4.25 inch fish collected by CHARLES DARWIN, does not accord with adscensionis: the dorsal fin rays are too few (15, vs. 16 - 18), and the colour pattern does not fit (no mention of the characteristic dark reddish brown spots on the head and body of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FBB2F733FB6BF71A" baseAuthorityName="OSBECK" baseAuthorityYear="1765" box="[1044,1191,2260,2288]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensionis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FBB2F733FB6BF71A" box="[1044,1191,2260,2288]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). This holotype is probably a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FD0EF71DFC8BF6FF" baseAuthorityName="Lowe" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[680,839,2298,2325]" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD0EF71DFD76F6E4" box="[680,698,2298,2318]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD6CF71CFC8BF6FF" box="[714,839,2299,2325]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">marginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because the original description agrees well with juveniles of this species and they are common at the Cape Verde Islands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717EFFC2FD99F6A2FCF4FBBE" blockId="14.[512,1541,1589,2439]" lastBlockId="15.[493,824,1086,1113]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FD99F6A2FBECF6B3" authority="VALENCIENNES, 1828" authorityName="VALENCIENNES" authorityYear="1828" box="[575,1056,2372,2399]" family="Serranidae" genus="Serranus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigriculus">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FD99F6A2FCD7F6B5" box="[575,795,2372,2399]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Serranus nigriculus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FC84F6A3FBECF6B3" author="VALENCIENNES, A." box="[802,1056,2372,2398]" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" refId="ref32623" refString="VALENCIENNES, A.: 1828. See Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes." title="See Cuvier &amp; Valenciennes" type="book" year="1828">VALENCIENNES, 1828</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was listed in the synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717EFFC3FA2CF6A2FD8CF66A" baseAuthorityName="Osbeck" baseAuthorityYear="1765" family="Serranidae" genus="Epinephelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adscensianis">
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FA2CF6A2FA50F6B0" box="[1418,1436,2373,2394]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FA0DF6A3FD8CF66A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">adscensianis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FDCFF68DFCC9F66D" author="SMITH, C. L." box="[617,773,2410,2439]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 241" part="146" refId="ref31738" refString="SMITH, C. L.: 1971. A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 146: 1 - 241." title="A revision of the American groupers: Epinephelus and allied genera" type="journal article" year="1971">SMITH (1971)</bibRefCitation>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="EFD4F9C0717EFFC3FCE7F68CFB8AF66D" author="BAUCHOT" box="[833,1094,2410,2439]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="BAUCHOT" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Mus. natn. Hirt nat." pageId="14" pageNumber="19" pagination="3 3 - - 82" part="3" refId="ref26586" refString="BAUCHOT, M. - L., M. DESOUTTER &amp; J. E. RANDALL: 1984. Catalogue critique des types de Poissons du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Suite) (Famille des Serranidae).) Bull. Mus. natn. Hirt nat., Paris 6 (3): 3 3 - - 82.." title="Catalogue critique des types de Poissons du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (Suite) (Famille des Serranidae)" type="journal volume" year="1984">
BAUCHOT
<emphasis id="B9315823717EFFC3FC19F688FC22F66A" box="[959,1006,2410,2432]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. (1984)
</bibRefCitation>
correctly assigned these two syntypes to
<taxonomicName id="4C45FFB2717FFFC2FDB7FBD9FCFDFBBE" baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[529,817,1086,1113]" family="Serranidae" genus="Cephalopholis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruentata">
<emphasis id="B9315823717FFFC2FDB7FBD9FCFDFBBE" box="[529,817,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">Cephalopholis cruentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35FD7BA717FFFC2FCC8FB82FD92FAC5" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717FFFC2FCC8FB82FB48FB9D" blockId="15.[878,1156,1125,1143]" box="[878,1156,1125,1143]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="D0B2335D717FFFC2FCC8FB82FB48FB9D" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[878,1156,1125,1143]" centered="true" level="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9315823717FFFC2FCC8FB82FB48FB9D" bold="true" box="[878,1156,1125,1143]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">MATERIAL EXAMINED</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA8431717FFFC2FE48FB44FD92FAC5" blockId="15.[494,1526,1187,1327]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FE48FB44FC34FB56" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234457" box="[494,1016,1187,1214]" collectionCode="GMBL" country="ASCENSION ISLAND" location="ASCENSION ISLAND" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="GMBL 80-20" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F352C4A1717FFFC2FE48FB44FD2FFB54" box="[494,739,1187,1214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">ASCENSION ISLAND</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="DBE32C4A717FFFC2FD5EFB43FC4EFB5C" box="[760,898,1188,1206]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">GMBL 80-20</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FC34FB42FC2BFB5D" box="[914,999,1189,1207]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="295.0">295 mm</quantity>
.);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FBA6FB43FB3FFB56" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234361" box="[1024,1267,1188,1212]" collectionCode="RUSI" country="ASCENSION ISLAND" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="RUSI 12884" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBE32C4A717FFFC2FBA6FB43FBB2FB5C" box="[1024,1150,1188,1206]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">RUSI 12884</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FB29FB43FB2EFB5C" box="[1167,1250,1188,1206]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="310.0">310 mm</quantity>
.);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FB5DFB42FDEAFB3D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234467" collectionCode="RUSI" country="ASCENSION ISLAND" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="RUSI 28229" specimenCount="16">
<specimenCode id="DBE32C4A717FFFC2FB5DFB42FAB1FB52" box="[1275,1405,1189,1208]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">RUSI 28229</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount id="9D434FB8717FFFC2FA28FB40FA68FB52" box="[1422,1444,1191,1208]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">16</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FA14FB40FDDAFB3B" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2349999999999999" metricValueMax="2.05" metricValueMin="0.42" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="123.5" valueMax="205.0" valueMin="42.0">42-205 mm</quantity>
.).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FD9EFB27FBD1FB32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234338" box="[568,1053,1216,1240]" collectionCode="RUSI" country="Saint Helena" location="ST. HELENA" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="RUSI 29410" specimenCount="5">
<collectingCountry id="F352C4A1717FFFC2FD9EFB27FD05FB3B" box="[568,713,1216,1234]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">ST. HELENA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="DBE32C4A717FFFC2FD46FB27FC93FB38" box="[736,863,1216,1234]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">RUSI 29410</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount id="9D434FB8717FFFC2FCD7FB26FCB7FB38" box="[881,891,1217,1234]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">5</specimenCount>
, 330-
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FC11FB26FBC0FB38" box="[951,1036,1217,1234]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="381.0">381 mm</quantity>
.);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FB81FB27FB3BFB32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234408" box="[1063,1271,1216,1240]" collectionCode="USNM" country="Saint Helena" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="2">
<collectionCode id="ED541CF4717FFFC2FB81FB27FBA3FB38" box="[1063,1135,1216,1234]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">USNM</collectionCode>
(
<specimenCount id="9D434FB8717FFFC2FB27FB26FB47FB38" box="[1153,1163,1217,1234]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">2</specimenCount>
, 334-355).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FAAEFB26FD30FB1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234313" collectionCode="GMBL" location="SOUTH CAROLINA" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="GMBL 71 -211" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="SOUTH CAROLINA">
<collectingRegion id="49814AD3717FFFC2FAAEFB26FA3DFB3F" box="[1288,1521,1217,1237]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">SOUTH CAROLINA</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCode id="DBE32C4A717FFFC2FE48FB3BFD4FFB07" box="[494,643,1244,1262]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">GMBL 71 -211</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FD31FB3BFD20FB04" box="[663,748,1244,1262]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="285.0">285 mm</quantity>
.).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FCA8FB3BFB2CFB1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234350" box="[782,1248,1244,1268]" collectionCode="UPRM" country="Puerto Rico" location="PUERTO RICO" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="UPRM 3688" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F352C4A1717FFFC2FCA8FB3BFC72FB05" box="[782,958,1244,1263]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">PUERTO RICO</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="DBE32C4A717FFFC2FC69FB3AFB9DFB04" box="[975,1105,1245,1262]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">UPRM 3688</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FBC4FB3AFB6BFB04" box="[1122,1191,1245,1262]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
. SL).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FB55FB3AFD97FAFA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234500" collectionCode="MCZ" country="Panama" location="PANAMA" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="MCZ 43743" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F352C4A1717FFFC2FB55FB3AFAAFFB1A" box="[1267,1379,1245,1264]" name="Panama" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="DBE32C4A717FFFC2FADFFB38FA3AFB1B" box="[1401,1526,1247,1265]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">MCZ 43743</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FE5FFB1EFD87FAE0" box="[505,587,1273,1290]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8699999999999999" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="187.0">187 mm</quantity>
.).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FDCFFB1FFC6BFAFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234426" box="[617,935,1272,1297]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="BRAZIL" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F352C4A1717FFFC2FDCFFB1FFD05FAE0" box="[617,713,1272,1290]" name="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="ED541CF4717FFFC2FD7DFB1FFCFEFAE1" box="[731,818,1272,1291]" collectionName="MZUSP" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">MZUSP</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FCE4FB1EFC5AFAE1" box="[834,918,1273,1291]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="240.0">240 mm</quantity>
.);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FC09FB1EFAEFFAFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234499" box="[943,1315,1272,1297]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Salvador" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Salvador">
<collectingRegion id="49814AD3717FFFC2FC09FB1EFBCBFAE1" box="[943,1031,1273,1291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">Salvador</collectingRegion>
,
<collectionCode id="ED541CF4717FFFC2FBB2FB1EFBA6FAE1" box="[1044,1130,1273,1291]" collectionName="MZUSP" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">MZUSP</collectionCode>
(
<specimenCount id="9D434FB8717FFFC2FBDCFB1EFB48FAE1" box="[1146,1156,1273,1291]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">2</specimenCount>
, 120-
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FB66FB1EFADEFAE1" box="[1216,1298,1273,1291]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="137.0">137 mm</quantity>
.);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B2D8E6C717FFFC2FA8CFB1DFD92FAC5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4894234376" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Sao Paulo" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">
<collectingRegion id="49814AD3717FFFC2FA8CFB1DFA5EFAE6" box="[1322,1426,1274,1292]" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectionCode id="ED541CF4717FFFC2FA39FB1CFA3AFAE7" box="[1439,1526,1275,1293]" collectionName="MZUSP" pageId="15" pageNumber="20">MZUSP</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="4CBD29D4717FFFC2FE51FAFFFD82FAC0" box="[503,590,1304,1322]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.29" pageId="15" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="329.0">329 mm</quantity>
.).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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