treatments-xml/data/03/DF/87/03DF87F41225FF9EFF1FFA11FF65F889.xml

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<mods:title id="900A648BC6DAC645F267ADDC3849B9C3">A new synonymy in the fidius group of Copris Müller 1764 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and a new species from the highland grasslands of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="275BFCD1467D4F4F87427F582A2A4E8B">Deschodt, Christian M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="278B99F275124682064C58ABC1074447">Davis, Adrian L. V.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03DF87F41225FF9EFF1FFA11FF65F889" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6118549" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119611058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6118549" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87F41225FF9EFF1FFA11FF65F889" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF87F41225FF9EFF1FFA11FF65F889" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="436" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<subSubSection id="C36C65691225FF98FF1FFA11FE23FA27" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC936E21225FF98FF1FFA11FDFCFA46" blockId="3.[151,582,1443,1503]" box="[151,582,1443,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<heading id="D081818E1225FF98FF1FFA11FDFCFA46" bold="true" box="[151,582,1443,1470]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611225FF98FF1FFA11FDFCFA46" ID-CoL="7ZMGK" authority="Deschodt and Davis" authorityName="Deschodt and Davis" box="[151,582,1443,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FF1FFA11FDFCFA46" bold="true" box="[151,582,1443,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FF1FFA11FEF2FA45" bold="true" box="[151,328,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Copris crassus</emphasis>
Deschodt and Davis
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936E21225FF98FF1FFA74FE23FA27" blockId="3.[151,582,1443,1503]" box="[151,409,1478,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<figureCitation id="134D2A671225FF98FF1FFA74FF4FFA27" box="[151,245,1478,1503]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[165,1417,774,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,751,1896]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus of C. crassus (A) major male, (B) female and (C) C. fidius major male. Head and pronotum side profile of major males of (D) C. crassus and (E) C. fidius. Outlines of apical sclerites of the internal sack of aedeagus for C. crassus: (F) basal sclerite and (G) plate sclerite. (H) Aedeagus of C. crassus. C. crassus, (I) labium and (J) epipharynx. C. fidius. Scale bar 1 (10 mm) for A – E and scale bar 2 (1 mm) for F – J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244758/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Figure 4</figureCitation>
A, B, D–H, 5.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36C65691225FF98FF1FF9BCFF43F96B" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC936E21225FF98FF1FF9BCFF43F96B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1550,2007]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FF1FF9BCFEABF9DF" bold="true" box="[151,273,1550,1575]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species and 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611225FF98FE6FF9BDFDF0F9DE" box="[487,586,1550,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fidius">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FE6FF9BDFDF0F9DE" box="[487,586,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">C. fidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the only species in the group with almost round eyes However, this species can be separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611225FF98FE64F981FDF1F9B2" box="[492,587,1586,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fidius">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FE64F981FDF1F9B2" box="[492,587,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">C. fidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its larger size, the pronotal lateral lobes in major specimens ending with a single peak instead of two, and the male and female pronotal and elytral punctures being larger and closer together.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36C65691225FF9EFF4FF92CFB12FF2D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="436" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC936E21225FF98FF4FF92CFBC0F94F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1550,2007]" box="[199,1146,1694,1719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FF4FF92CFEE3F94F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1694,1719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54CD88401225FF98FED7F92CFE76F94F" box="[351,460,1694,1719]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: Length: 21.0 mm, long 
<quantity id="4C8E9B071225FF98FD57F92DFCF9F94E" box="[735,835,1695,1719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="3" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="12.4">12.4 mm</quantity>
at widest and 9.0 mm high.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936E21225FF98FF4FF970FC98F923" blockId="3.[151,1436,1550,2007]" box="[199,802,1730,1755]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Body somewhat squat, shiny black, glabrous dorsally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936E21225FF9FFF4FF954FE49FDC4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1550,2007]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="435" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">
Major male. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FEE9F954FE10F907" bold="true" box="[353,426,1766,1791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Head:</emphasis>
apical edge of clypeus slightly indented and with two small denticles, forming very shallow “v”; area behind clypeal horn and genae punctate; genal angle sharp; clypeal horn elongate and narrow, slightly curved backwards, sharp at apex, distal edge with a small hooked tooth at basal fourth. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FA8BF89CFA26F8BF" bold="true" box="[1283,1436,1838,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Epipharynx:</emphasis>
anterior edge convex, median sensory setae dense and tight, forming a strongly sclerotized cone; sensory setae more or less in straight lines diverging anteriorly. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FD44F8C4FC8EF877" bold="true" box="[716,820,1910,1935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Labium:</emphasis>
apical edge with deep notch, median depression deep, almost one third as wide as labium at widest. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01225FF98FD27F828FC88F84B" bold="true" box="[687,818,1946,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="434">Prothorax:</emphasis>
median lateral indentation present, punctate laterally, with anterior median region smooth; anterior, outside angles obtuse, the lateral edges slightly curved; median excavation wide, somewhat concave, punctate anteriorly and smooth posteriorly, the prothoracic lobes significantly elevated with apices terminating in a single point, turned inward distally. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFC68FF0EFB8FFF2D" bold="true" box="[992,1077,188,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Elytra:</emphasis>
interstriae flat, finely punctate, punctation less than one puncture diameter apart, striae clearly visible. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFC30FF6DFB8FFF00" bold="true" box="[952,1077,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Pygidium:</emphasis>
with dense punctation less than one puncture diameter apart. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFE61FEB6FD85FEE5" bold="true" box="[489,575,260,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Sterna:</emphasis>
meso-metasternal suture lines straight, forming obtuse, anteriorly-pointing angle medially; mesosternum somewhat rugose; on metasternum, meso-metasternal suture, posterior edge and area between coxae smooth; area outside of coxae punctate. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFCA8FEFEFCDBFE9D" bold="true" box="[800,865,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Legs:</emphasis>
protibial spur spatulate, slightly curved ventrally towards apex; profemora covered with dense hair; metatibiae with two thin spurs on distal outside edge; proximal spur is half the length of distally curving distal spur. 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFD71FE26FC14FE55" bold="true" box="[761,942,404,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Male genitalia:</emphasis>
apices of parameres dorsally rounded with hooked ventral tip. The apical sclerites of the internal sack consist of the basal sclerite (“lamelle conique” in Nguyen 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B131222FF9FFF7EFE6EFE22FE0C" author="Phung" box="[246,408,476,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" refString="Nguyen-Phung, T. (1988) Revision des especes Afrotropicales du genre Copris Muller, 1764 IV. Le groupe fidius, Revue francaise d'Entomologie, 10 (1), 5 - 15." type="journal article" year="1988">Phung (1988))</bibRefCitation>
that is bulbous at base and hooked at the tip; the elongate sclerite with long filaments that is typical of all 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFEA3FDB2FECDFDEF" box="[299,375,512,535]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFEA3FDB2FECDFDEF" box="[299,375,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Copris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.; and of the plate sclerite with a file-like surface and ends that are twisted 90 degrees (
<figureCitation id="134D2A671222FF9FFAE7FE4DFF1CFDC4" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1918,1940]" captionTargetBox="[165,1417,774,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,751,1896]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitus of C. crassus (A) major male, (B) female and (C) C. fidius major male. Head and pronotum side profile of major males of (D) C. crassus and (E) C. fidius. Outlines of apical sclerites of the internal sack of aedeagus for C. crassus: (F) basal sclerite and (G) plate sclerite. (H) Aedeagus of C. crassus. C. crassus, (I) labium and (J) epipharynx. C. fidius. Scale bar 1 (10 mm) for A – E and scale bar 2 (1 mm) for F – J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244758/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
E). 
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFF45FD96FE96FDC5" bold="true" box="[205,300,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Length:</emphasis>
18.0 to 21.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936E21222FF9FFF4FFDF5FEE4FD35" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFF4FFDF5FE81FD98" bold="true" box="[199,315,583,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">Variation.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFEC0FDFAFE62FD98" box="[328,472,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFEC0FDFAFE34FDA7" box="[328,398,584,607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Protea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="4" pageNumber="432" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minor">Minor</taxonomicName>
males
</emphasis>
. Size somewhat variable. Lateral lobes on pronotum range between half that of the major male to completely absent with between-lobe concave excavation becoming flat and less distinct. Clypeal horn ranges between one third of that in major males to only a small protrusion with distal basal tooth relatively smaller or absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF09666A1222FF9FFF1FF8CCFD28F808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244758/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" targetBox="[165,1417,774,1882]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BC936E21222FF9FFF1FF8CCFD28F808" blockId="4.[151,1436,1918,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFF1FF8CCFEA8F86B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1918,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Habitus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFE00F8CDFE48F86C" box="[392,498,1919,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFE00F8CDFE48F86C" box="[392,498,1919,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. crassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A) major male, (B) female and (C) 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFCEDF8CDFC01F86C" box="[869,955,1918,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fidius">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFCEDF8CDFC01F86C" box="[869,955,1918,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. fidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
major male. Head and pronotum side profile of major males of (D) 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFED7F82FFE73F84A" box="[351,457,1949,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFED7F82FFE73F84A" box="[351,457,1949,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. crassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (E) 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFDAAF82FFDC2F84A" box="[546,632,1948,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fidius">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFDAAF82FFDC2F84A" box="[546,632,1948,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. fidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Outlines of apical sclerites of the internal sack of aedeagus for 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFA8DF82FFACAF84A" box="[1285,1392,1949,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFA8DF82FFACAF84A" box="[1285,1392,1949,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. crassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (F) basal sclerite and (G) plate sclerite. (H) Aedeagus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFD3CF80EFCA5F829" box="[692,799,1980,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFD3CF80EFCA5F829" box="[692,799,1980,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. crassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFCA3F80EFC2FF829" box="[811,917,1980,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFCA3F80EFC2FF829" box="[811,917,1980,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. crassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (I) labium and (J) epipharynx. 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611222FF9FFB53F80EFA8BF829" box="[1243,1329,1979,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fidius">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01222FF9FFB53F80EFA8BF829" box="[1243,1329,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="435">C. fidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bar 1 (10mm) for A–E and scale bar 2 (1mm) for F–J.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC936E21223FF9EFF4FFF2AFB12FF2D" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01223FF9EFF4FFF2AFE97FF48" box="[199,301,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">Females.</emphasis>
Similar to males, but with a much reduced clypeal horn or a slightly projecting point on the frontoclypeal suture; the prothorax is very slightly excavated or flat and densely punctate medially.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36C65691223FF9EFF4FFF6DFE33FEE5" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC936E21223FF9EFF4FFF6DFE33FEE5" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01223FF9EFF4FFF6DFEF4FF00" bold="true" box="[199,334,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name for this largest known species in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611223FF9EFCE7FF52FC17FF00" box="[879,941,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fidius">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01223FF9EFCE7FF52FC17FF00" box="[879,941,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">fidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group is the Latin word for “fat” reflecting the squat body shape.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36C65691223FF9EFF4FFE95FF65F889" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" type="materials_examined">
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<typeStatus id="54CD88401223FF9EFF4FFE95FEB8FEB8" box="[199,258,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">Type</typeStatus>
material examined.
</emphasis>
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: 
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Suikerbosrand Nat. Res., Gauteng, 
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, 28°28–32’S 28°10- 17’E, 
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, Davis &amp; Deschodt (
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).
</paragraph>
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: 
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same data as 
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(2 
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, 1 
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, 1 
<collectionCode id="ED67AE271223FF9EFCE6FEC2FC07FE70" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" box="[878,957,368,392]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">SANC</collectionCode>
), 
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<collectingCountry id="F36176721223FF9EFB89FEC2FB86FE70" box="[1025,1084,368,392]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">RSA</collectingCountry>
: Kwazulu-Natal, Sani Pass, alt. 
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, S 
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29°25’21.87”, 
<date id="FFC810221223FF9EFDD4FE26FD75FE55" box="[604,719,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" value="2003-09-21">21.ix.2003</date>
;Pitfall – Cattle dung, W.P. Stru[ü]mpher, A. Henning (
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), 
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: 
<collectingCountry id="F36176721223FF9EFE9DFE0AFECCFE28" box="[277,374,440,464]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">NATAL</collectingCountry>
, Giants Castle Res., 
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– 
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[
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4250251223FF9EFC3EFE05FBAEFE28" box="[950,1044,439,464]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" precision="555" value="29.52">29.52°E</geoCoordinate>
] 
<quantity id="4C8E9B071223FF9EFBA3FE05FBD1FE28" box="[1067,1131,439,464]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" unit="m" value="250.0">250m</quantity>
[
<quantity id="4C8E9B071223FF9EFB0AFE05FB6FFE28" box="[1154,1237,439,464]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500m</quantity>
] 15/ 
<date id="FFC810221223FF9EFA99FE05FA2DFE28" box="[1297,1431,439,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" value="1985-11-17">17-XI-1985</date>
, AVEvans,CHScholtz, (
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), 1 ♀ Avontuur, E. CP, (23 kms S) [
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4250251223FF9EFC6CFE6EFBEAFE0C" box="[996,1104,476,500]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" precision="55" value="23.189">23.189°E</geoCoordinate>
] 
<date id="FFC810221223FF9EFBD5FE6EFB0FFE0C" box="[1117,1205,476,500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" value="1977-09-02">2.IX.77</date>
, Sandy loam, Rocky hillside pasture with shrubs 
<quantity id="4C8E9B071223FF9EFE56FE4DFDA4FDE0" box="[478,542,511,536]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" unit="m" value="570.0">570m</quantity>
C, A.L.V. Davis, (
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), 1 ♀ QUEENSTOWN, CP (35 kms N) [
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4250251223FF9EFF1FFD96FEB9FDC5" box="[151,259,548,573]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" precision="55" value="26.708">26.708°E</geoCoordinate>
] 
<date id="FFC810221223FF9EFE9AFD96FEC2FDC4" box="[274,376,548,572]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" value="1974-11-12">12.XI.74</date>
, I.D. Temby, (
<collectionCode id="ED67AE271223FF9EFD93FD96FDD1FDC4" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" box="[539,619,548,572]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">SANC</collectionCode>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D70FD6B1223FF9EFDF7FD96FD10FDC4" box="[639,682,548,572]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
S.Afr.;KWZ 
<collectingCountry id="F36176721223FF9EFCCDFD96FC3EFDC5" box="[837,900,548,573]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">Natal</collectingCountry>
, Lotheni Nat.Res. 29[°].26[’] S - 29[°].31[’] E, 27– 
<date id="FFC810221223FF9EFF49FDFAFE8EFD98" box="[193,308,584,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" value="2011-03-30">30.3.2011</date>
;E-Y:3902, at light; 
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, leg. Ruth Müller, (
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), 
<specimenCount id="9D70FD6B1223FF9EFC4DFDFAFC49FDA7" box="[965,1011,584,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="F36176721223FF9EFC77FDFAFB82FD98" box="[1023,1080,584,608]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">RSA</collectingCountry>
, KZN, Lotheni, 29.44558[°]S/ 29.53784[°]E, 
<quantity id="4C8E9B071223FF9EFEB4FDDEFE37FD7C" box="[316,397,620,644]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.718" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" unit="m" value="1718.0">1718m</quantity>
, Grassland, 13 j[J]anuary 2007, Site No. 107, Capture: Ground, 
<collectionCode id="ED67AE271223FF9EFBD0FDDFFB1CFD7C" box="[1112,1190,621,644]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">MDTP</collectionCode>
No. 97353, [Michelle Hamer, Maluti Drakensberg transect project] and 
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same as pervious but with 
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No. 96745, (2 
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), 
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<collectingCountry id="F36176721223FF9EFF1FFD06FEDCFD34" box="[151,358,692,716]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
: MPU, Groenvaly, 
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NE of Badplaas, 
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, 
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<date id="FFC810221223FF9EFB84FD06FBC7FD35" box="[1036,1149,692,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" value="1995-02-04">04.ii.1995</date>
S.H. Foord, (
<collectionCode id="ED67AE271223FF9EFA9EFD06FADCFD34" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" box="[1302,1382,692,716]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">SANC</collectionCode>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D70FD6B1223FF9EFAF1FD06FA21FD35" box="[1401,1435,692,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" type="generic">6♂</specimenCount>
Lotheni Nature Reserve, 
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4250251223FF9EFDB7FD65FD7DFD08" box="[575,711,727,752]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" precision="1" value="29.53784">29.53784°E</geoCoordinate>
, 07– 
<date id="FFC810221223FF9EFD75FD6AFCC5FD08" box="[765,895,728,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" value="2014-09-12">09.12.2014</date>
, 
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, Grassland, C. Deschodt &amp; A. Davis (4 
<collectionCode id="ED67AE271223FF9EFF1FFD4EFF58FCEC" box="[151,226,764,788]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/73qr-ciny" name="University of Pretoria" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">UPSA</collectionCode>
, 2 
<collectionCode id="ED67AE271223FF9EFE89FD4EFEECFCEC" box="[257,342,764,788]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">NMPC</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936E21223FF9EFF1FF888FF65F889" blockId="5.[151,1436,1850,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01223FF9EFF1FF888FEA9F8B7" bold="true" box="[151,275,1850,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Map indicating the location of the collecting sites of (●) 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611223FF9EFCD6F888FC4CF8A8" box="[862,1014,1850,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01223FF9EFCD6F888FC4CF8A8" box="[862,1014,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">Copris crassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (▲) 
<taxonomicName id="4C764D611223FF9EFBDFF888FB14F8A8" box="[1111,1198,1850,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Copris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fidius">
<emphasis id="B902EAF01223FF9EFBDFF888FB14F8A8" box="[1111,1198,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="436">C. fidius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens in Southern Africa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>