227 lines
27 KiB
XML
227 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="E7673D2D0E57B162BD89891842EDF1BC" ID-CLB-Dataset="88683" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6448815" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbbf94d9-a910-4cda-97df-7eca124163ed" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448815" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" IM.metadata_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1635825784914" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03AD87FAFF84F66A89B23516FD6EF53B" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Nyctimene keasti" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="122" masterDocId="FF94FF82FFC4F62A891E341CFFA5FF9B" masterDocTitle="Pteropodidae" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="16" pageNumber="122" updateTime="1719592658732" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="31CB87F4D5C67B71D4C31726E8AFE999">
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<mods:title id="BB4146335EA32A3539519AC53C700D9B">Pteropodidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="48FA2BC9F40C28CB5D18BA682885A7A3">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD38E00DB233F2FF121170969012C2A6">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="25BD5541C6E2CB8DDFDEBCC1430C774A">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="35E4D848EC0B8551FD30551D3041F951">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="597BA3530AA0890C8BAC6953906F8301">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03AD87FAFF84F66A89B23516FD6EF53B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6794968" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196379478" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6794968" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87FAFF84F66A89B23516FD6EF53B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AD87FAFF84F66A89B23516FD6EF53B" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B23516FF59FEA3" box="[172,252,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B23516FF59FEA3" blockId="64.[168,1220,266,354]" box="[172,252,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF84F66A89B23516FF59FEA3" box="[172,252,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<figureCitation id="133F2A69FF84F66A89B23516FF59FEA3" box="[172,252,266,312]" captionStart="Plate 6: Pteropodidae" captionStartId="57.[107,137,3293,3318]" captionTargetBox="[11,2749,17,3661]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="95. African Straw-colored Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum), 96. Madagascan Straw-colored Fruit Bat (Eidolon dupreanum), 98. Steadfast Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Paranyctimene tenax), 99. Broad-striped Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene aello), 100. Round-eared Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene cyclotis), 101. Mountain Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene certans), 102. Happy Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene wrighiae), 103. Lesser Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene varius), 104. Common Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene albiventer), 105. Dragon Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene draconilla), 106. Demonic Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene masalai), 107. Malaita Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene malaitensis), 108. Umboi Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene vizcaccia), 109. Island Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene major), 110. Philippine Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene rabori), 111. Pallas’s Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene cephalotes), 112. Keast’s Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene keasti), 113. Queensland Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene robinsont)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448867/files/figure.png" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">112.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A88133516FCF8FEA3" box="[269,861,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A88133516FCF8FEA3" blockId="64.[168,1220,266,354]" box="[269,861,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF84F66A88133516FCF8FEA3" box="[269,861,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF84F66A88133516FCF8FEA3" ID-CoL="485LH" baseAuthorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[269,861,266,312]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">Keast’s Tube-nosed Fruit Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A8A8E3516FB66FEA3" box="[912,1219,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A8A8E3516FB66FEA3" blockId="64.[168,1220,266,354]" box="[912,1219,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF84F66A8A8E3516FB66FEA3" box="[912,1219,266,312]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8A8E3516FB66FEA3" ID-CoL="485LH" baseAuthorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[912,1219,266,312]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A8A8E3516FB66FEA3" box="[912,1219,266,312]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Nyctimene keasti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B73557FB05FEFB" box="[169,1184,331,352]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B73557FB05FEFB" blockId="64.[168,1220,266,354]" box="[169,1184,331,352]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<heading id="D0F38180FF84F66A89B73557FB05FEFB" box="[169,1184,331,352]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B73557FF51FEFB" bold="true" box="[169,244,331,352]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF84F66A89E03557FE6DFEFB" ID-CoL="485LH" baseAuthorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[254,456,331,352]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">Nyctimene de Keast</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A88C33557FD92FEFB" bold="true" box="[477,567,331,352]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF84F66A8B5F3557FCFEFEFB" ID-CoL="485LH" baseAuthorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[577,859,331,352]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">Keast-Rohrennasenflughund</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A8A6F3557FC69FEFB" bold="true" box="[881,972,331,352]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FF84F66A8AC83557FB05FEFB" ID-CoL="485LH" baseAuthorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityYear="1993" box="[982,1184,331,352]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">Nyctimeno de Keast</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A8A133591FB5BFE4E" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A8A133591FB5BFE4E" blockId="64.[781,1377,397,824]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A8A133591FC0DFE35" bold="true" box="[781,936,397,430]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8ACC3591FC3CFE4E" ID-CoL="485L9" authority="Kitchener" authorityName="Kitchener" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albiventer">Nyctimene albiventer keasti Kitchener</taxonomicName>
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in
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA510FDFF84F66A8AD235A0FB5BFE4E" box="[972,1278,444,469]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Kitchener et al., 1993,</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A8C1235A0FB91FDE8" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A8C1235A0FB91FDE8" blockId="64.[781,1377,397,824]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6C3CB1FF84F66A8C1235A0FB91FDE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828391357" latitude="-5.633333" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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“Near Taman Anggrek,
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<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A8D0235F8FBDEFE66" box="[1052,1147,484,509]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
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N.Tual, Pulau Dullah, closely associated with Pulan Kai Reeil, (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE30502BFF84F66A8A683633FBC1FDD7" box="[886,1124,559,588]" degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" precision="925" value="-5.633333">5°38’S, 132°44'E</geoCoordinate>
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) ... at sea level,”
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF84F66A8A13364AFC37FDE8" box="[781,914,598,627]" name="Indonesia" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF84F66A8ABD364AFB95FDE8" box="[931,1072,598,627]" name="Indonesia" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A8A103665FC77FBD6" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A8A103665FC77FBD6" blockId="64.[781,1377,397,824]" lastBlockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8A103665FC49FD01" box="[782,1004,633,666]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">Nyctimene keasti</taxonomicName>
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is currently in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8C133665FCE2FD59" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1767" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cephalotes">cephalotes</taxonomicName>
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species group. It was originally described as a subspecies of N.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8DC236D0FAC4FD72" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1244,1377,716,745]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albiventer">albiventer</taxonomicName>
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but subsequently elevated to a species and is considered more closely related to N.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A88173723FE29FCFB" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1767" box="[265,396,831,864]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cephalotes">cephalotes</taxonomicName>
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on morphological grounds. Limited genetic data showed that N.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A89C83776FE87FC1C" box="[214,290,874,903]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">keasti</taxonomicName>
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from the Kai Islands, Bandaneira Island, and Yamdena Island were not genetically distinct from N.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8B513792FD71FC34" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1767" box="[591,724,910,943]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cephalotes">cephalotes</taxonomicName>
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, indicating that N.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8AE53792FBE3FC34" box="[1019,1094,910,943]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keasti">keasti</taxonomicName>
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might be best recognized as a subspecies or synonym of N.
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8A3937A9FC0FFC4D" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1767" box="[807,938,949,982]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cephalotes">cephalotes</taxonomicName>
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with which it is morphologically very similar. Nevertheless, ongoing revision of
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8AAB37C1FB9AFC65" box="[949,1087,989,1022]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Nyctimene</taxonomicName>
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is currently underway, and more thorough sampling is needed before any conclusion can be made regarding these species. Three subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B6304FFB7FFAA2" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="multiple">
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<caption id="DF7B6664FF84F66A89B6304FFB7FFAA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803806" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6803806/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" startId="64.[168,322,1107,1140]" targetBox="[166,757,409,822]" targetPageId="64">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B6304FFD9CFBEF" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[168,569,1107,1140]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B6304FFD9CFBEF" bold="true" box="[168,569,1107,1140]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B73063FB12FB07" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[169,1207,1151,1180]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A89B73063FB12FB07" authority="Kitchener, 1993" authorityName="Kitchener in Kitchener, Packer & Maryanto" authorityYear="1993" box="[169,1207,1151,1180]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="keasti" subSpecies="keasti">N.k.keastiKitchener,1993—KaiIs(Kur,KaiBesar,KaiKecil,andDullah).</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B730BEFC65FB58" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[169,960,1186,1219]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A89B730BEFC65FB58" authority="Bergmans, 2001" authorityName="Bergmans" authorityYear="2001" box="[169,960,1186,1219]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="keasti" subSpecies="babari">N.k.babariBergmans,2001—ELesserSundaIs(Babar).</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B730D2FB34FB70" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[169,1169,1230,1259]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A89B730D2FDB0FB70" authority="Kitchener, 1995" authorityName="Kitchener" authorityYear="1995" box="[169,533,1230,1259]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="keasti" subSpecies="tozeri">N. k. tozeri Kitchener, 1995</taxonomicName>
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— Tanimbar Is (Larat, Yamdena, and Salaru).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B630EDFB7FFAA2" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
The species also probably exists on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F313767CFF84F66A8BB230EDFCA5FA89" box="[684,768,1265,1298]" name="Indonesia" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Flores</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Timor Is, although this has yet to be confirmed and there is also apparently a record from Gag I (Raja Ampat Is).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B6315CFEE2F704" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B6315CFEE2F704" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B6315CFE0CFAFA" bold="true" box="[168,425,1344,1377]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 69-3-89-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A8BFD315CFC9FFAFA" box="[739,826,1344,1377]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tail 18-25-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A8AFF315CFB9FFAFA" box="[993,1082,1344,1377]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ear 14-2-16-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A8DE1315CFAF2FAFA" box="[1279,1367,1344,1377]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hindfoot 11:3-13-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A88B7317BFDA6FA13" box="[425,515,1383,1416]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, forearm 40-7-45-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A8A0F317BFCCDFA13" box="[785,872,1383,1416]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; weight 29-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A8D0A317BFBD6FA13" box="[1044,1139,1383,1416]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="g" value="17.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="5.0">5-30 g</quantity>
|
||
. Females generally have considerably paler dorsum than males. Head of Keast’s Tube-nosed Fruit Bat is broad, with deep face, broad, bluntly pointed ears, and tubular divergent nostrils. Eyes are large, with amber irises. Pelage is thick and woolly. Dorsal pelage is yellowish brown (males) to buffy yellowish brown (females), with distinctive thin dark blackish brown gradually widening mid-dorsal stripe (0-5-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A8D213230FB08F9D6" box="[1087,1197,1580,1613]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick at top and 2-5-
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A883D3248FE37F9EE" box="[291,402,1620,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
at lower end) stretching from neck to rump. Ventral pelage is buffy yellowish or yellowish brown (in some males). Wings are dark brown, with irregular darker and yellow spots throughout (more yellow spotting is on digits). Ears are light yellowish brown, with some yellow spotting. Second digit of wing has a claw, and wing attaches at second digit of foot. Tail is short, black, and wrinkled, and narrow uropatagium connects at base and stretches to calcar at ankles. Claws are brown. Skull and mandible are robust; rostrum is short; zygomatic breadth is wide; sagittal and lambdoidal crests are moderately developed; posterior palate extends well beyond M' and margin varies from U-shaped to sharply rectangular; and condylo-basal length is generally shorter relative to both rostrum height, interorbital breadth, and cranial height compared with Pallas’s Tube-nosed Fruit Bat (N.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8D7B33C3FB4FF79B" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1767" box="[1125,1258,2015,2048]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Nyctimene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cephalotes">cephalotes</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Single lower incisor is completely deciduous, falling out before adulthood; lower molars are broad and rounded in dorsal view; C, replaces incisors and is long and powerful; P, is elongated and longer than P, and P,; and C' has moderately developed secondary labial cusp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B73CB9FDF8F68E" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B73CB9FDF8F68E" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B73CB9FEBDF75D" bold="true" box="[169,280,2213,2246]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Primary tropical moist forests, dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8ABC3CB9FB31F75D" box="[930,1172,2213,2246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ficus (Moraceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8DBA3CB9FEBCF775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Erythrina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Erythrina (Fabaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A88363CCDFD13F775" box="[296,694,2257,2286]" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Podocarpus (Podocarpaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFF84F66A8A1C3CCDFBA7F775" box="[770,1026,2257,2286]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Albizia (Fabaceae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and vine forest from sea level up to elevations ¢.
|
||
<quantity id="4CFC9B09FF84F66A88F23CE8FDFCF68E" box="[492,601,2292,2325]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B73D07FD3BF6A7" box="[169,670,2331,2364]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B73D07FD3BF6A7" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[169,670,2331,2364]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B73D07FE0AF6A7" bold="true" box="[169,431,2331,2364]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B73D5FFDBAF6FF" box="[169,543,2371,2404]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B73D5FFDBAF6FF" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[169,543,2371,2404]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B73D5FFE8AF6FF" bold="true" box="[169,303,2371,2404]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B93D76FD26F610" box="[167,643,2410,2443]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B93D76FD26F610" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[167,643,2410,2443]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B93D76FE36F610" bold="true" box="[167,403,2410,2443]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B73D8DFBF3F629" box="[169,1110,2449,2482]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B73D8DFBF3F629" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" box="[169,1110,2449,2482]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B73D8DFCC2F629" bold="true" box="[169,871,2449,2482]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B43DA5FEEBF5CA" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B43DA5FEEBF5CA" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B43DA5FDACF641" bold="true" box="[170,521,2489,2522]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. Keast’s Tubenosed Fruit Bat has a restricted distribution and is threatened by deforestation. Additional research is needed to validate its taxonomic status and to understand its ecology and threats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FF84F66A89B43E43FD6EF53B" pageId="64" pageNumber="122" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFF84F66A89B43E43FD6EF53B" blockId="64.[167,1376,831,2720]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFF84F66A89B43E43FEE6F5E3" bold="true" box="[170,323,2655,2680]" pageId="64" pageNumber="122">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Bergmans (2001), Helgen & Hutson (2008), Kitchener, Packer & Maryanto (1993), Kitchener, Packer & Suyanto (1995), Newbound et al. (2008).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |