treatments-xml/data/03/AD/87/03AD87ED042AFFCE6E85FA11BB34FE95.xml

<document id="432F7CE3DD5EC9FA03BC6672A818AAB8" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.280.3.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13645631" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725371123724" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Han, Meng-Qi, Liu, Yan &amp; Zhang, Li-Bing" docDate="2016" docId="03AD87ED042AFFCE6E85FA11BB34FE95" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.280.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 280 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.280.3.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Polystichum multispinulosum Li Bing Zhang, M. Q. Han &amp; Yan Liu 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="212" masterDocId="FF94FF950422FFC56E0DFFC3BE7CFFB0" masterDocTitle="Seven new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from southern China" masterLastPageNumber="221" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="209" updateTime="1725373609420" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8D730566D8EED7C9CDED930CB9456DCB">Seven new species of Polystichum (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae) from southern China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A814692CBD2B9EEF09555973027BEBAF">Han, Meng-Qi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7B25B2185304555CF8CB08047492343C">Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China &amp; College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="75403293FD54CA01C1CFDC9ED991E26A">Liu, Yan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AAA295C0D344428492BA70E51EF002EF">Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="626CACED7DC6DBBFE98E7BD908A22A38">Zhang, Li-Bing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BFF98B79782FA042FC653D9199A24E73">Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. and Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D78042AFFCD6E85FA11BDF8FA5D" authority="Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han &amp; Yan Liu" authorityName="Li Bing Zhang, M. Q. Han &amp; Yan Liu" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,900,1490,1517]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="209" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multispinulosum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B970EAE9042AFFCD6E85FA11BF9DFA5D" bold="true" box="[136,481,1490,1517]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="209">Polystichum multispinulosum</emphasis>
Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han &amp; Yan Liu
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, 
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(
<figureCitation id="133F2A7E042AFFCD6DFFFA17BA22FA5D" box="[1010,1118,1492,1517]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1988,2009]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,538,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-187@9.[241,1346,533,1963]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Polystichum multispinulosum.—A. Inside view of the cave where the new species was discovered.—B, C. Habitats and plants.—D. Portion of abaxial lamina.—E. Portion of adaxial lamina.—F. Lower portion of plant.—G. Portion of pinna showing sori.—H. Equatorial view of spore under SEM.—I. Polar view of spore under SEM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13645653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13645653/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="209">Figures 7</figureCitation>
, 
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)
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:— 
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. 
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: 
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, 
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, 
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, elev. 
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26°37 
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22 
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N
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, 
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105°35 
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12 
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E
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, inside a limestone cave, 
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, 
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&amp; 
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HMQ482
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(
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!; 
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!, 
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!)
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.
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Diagnosis:— 
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<emphasis id="B970EAE9042AFFCD6F0AF9A5BC5EF9CB" box="[263,546,1638,1659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="209">Polystichum multispinulosum</emphasis>
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is most similar to 
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<emphasis id="B970EAE9042AFFCD6CD9F9A5BD1EF9CB" box="[724,866,1638,1659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="209">P. lanceolatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B0A042AFFCD6D63F9A5BA6CF9CB" author="Baker, J. G." box="[878,1040,1638,1659]" pageId="8" pageNumber="209" refId="ref7584" refString="Baker, J. G. (1880) New ferns of China and Japan. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series 14: 494." type="book" year="1880">Baker 1880: 494</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B0A042AFFCD6A10F9A5BABAF9CB" author="Diels, L." box="[1053,1222,1638,1659]" pageId="8" pageNumber="209" pagination="168 - 320" refId="ref7837" refString="Diels, L. (1900) Die Flora von Central-China. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 29: 168 - 320." type="journal article" year="1900">Diels (1900: 193)</bibRefCitation>
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in having long spinules on the pinna margin, but the former has pinnae of 
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wide and blackish brown rachis scales, while the latter has pinnae of 
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wide and brown rachis scales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB042AFFCC6E85F937BA17FE4D" blockId="8.[136,1452,1780,2093]" lastBlockId="9.[136,1453,160,509]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="8" pageNumber="209">
Plants perennial, evergreen, 
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tall. Rhizomes ascending, 
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long, ca. 
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diam., with remnant bases of old stipes; roots dull brown when dried, 
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long, ca. 
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diam. Leaves in tufts, 10–15 per rhizome; petioles 
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long, ca. 
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diam., basal portions densely covered with scales, scales ovate-lanceolate, 3–4.5 × 
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, papery, darkish brown, margins lighter in color and with short outgrowths to nearly entire, apex caudate; distal petiole scales similar but narrower and shorter, deltoid or ovate-lanceolate, 2–3.5 × 
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, membranous, margins irregularly erose or short-ciliate, apex caudate. Laminae oblanceolate, 1-pinnate, 15–20 × 
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, apex acuminate, green when dried; rachises 
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diam., scales deltoid, subulate or ovate-lanceolate, dull brown, 
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long including tip, 
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wide at base, margins sparsely ciliate, apex long-caudate. Pinnae 25–30 pairs, oblong, 0.7–1.3 × 
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, basalmost 4–6 pairs smaller toward lamina base, basalmost pair nearly half as large as middle ones, 
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apart, middle pairs 
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apart, all pinnae papery, alternate, basiscopic proximal margins entire, acroscopic margins and basiscopic distal margins toothed, teeth with spines of 
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long, basiscopic margins forming a 60–90° angle with rachis, apex acute, base cuneate and asymmetric with acroscopic sides being much broader, petioles ca. 
<quantity id="4CFC9B1E042BFFCC6E85FECFBEA1FE95" box="[136,221,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
long, abaxially sparsely with microscales, microscales subulate, light brown, 
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long, 
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wide at base, margins with irregular outgrowths; adaxially glabrous; veins visible abaxially but somewhat obscure adaxially, lateral veins free, single or forked. Lower 1–3 pairs of pinnae sterile; sori terminal on lateral veins of fertile pinnae, 1–6 on acroscopic side of fertile pinnae, 0–3 on distal basiscopic side of fertile pinnae, ca. 
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diam., approximately in middle of pinna margins and midrib (centers of sori 
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from pinna margins, 
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from midrib), centers 
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apart from one another; indusia rounded, ca. 
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diam., margins lacerate. Spores round in polar view and elliptic in equatorial view; perispore sculpture cristate and shallowly reticulate.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7B6673042BFFCC6E85F807BD2DF791" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13645653" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13645653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13645653/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" startId="9.[136,229,1988,2009]" targetBox="[246,1342,538,1959]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB042BFFCC6E85F807BD2DF791" blockId="9.[136,1452,1988,2081]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B970EAE9042BFFCC6E85F807BF7CF869" bold="true" box="[136,256,1988,2009]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C044D78042BFFCC6F04F807BC5BF869" authorityName="Li Bing Zhang, M. Q. Han &amp; Yan Liu" authorityYear="2016" box="[265,551,1988,2009]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multispinulosum">
<emphasis id="B970EAE9042BFFCC6F04F807BC5BF869" box="[265,551,1988,2009]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Polystichum multispinulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—A. Inside view of the cave where the new species was discovered.—B, C. Habitats and plants.—D. Portion of abaxial lamina.—E. Portion of adaxial lamina.—F. Lower portion of plant.—G. Portion of pinna showing sori.—H. Equatorial view of spore under SEM.—I. Polar view of spore under SEM.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7B66730428FFCF6E85F964BA3DF90C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13645657" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13645657" box="[136,1089,1703,1724]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13645657/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" startId="10.[136,229,1703,1724]" targetBox="[166,1423,207,1671]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB0428FFCF6E85F964BA3DF90C" blockId="10.[136,1089,1703,1724]" box="[136,1089,1703,1724]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6E85F964BE81F90C" bold="true" box="[136,253,1703,1724]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C044D780428FFCF6F0EF964BC63F90C" authorityName="Li Bing Zhang, M. Q. Han &amp; Yan Liu" authorityYear="2016" box="[259,543,1703,1724]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multispinulosum">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6F0EF964BC63F90C" box="[259,543,1703,1724]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Polystichum multispinulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—A. Habit.—B. Portions of abaxial and adaxial lamina.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB0428FFCF6EB0F92FBDE2F899" blockId="10.[136,1452,1772,2085]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6EB0F92FBF8AF8B5" bold="true" box="[189,502,1772,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
:— 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D780428FFCF6C17F92FBD1AF8B5" authorityName="Li Bing Zhang, M. Q. Han &amp; Yan Liu" authorityYear="2016" box="[538,870,1772,1797]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multispinulosum">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6C17F92FBD1AF8B5" box="[538,870,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Polystichum multispinulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from a single cave in northwestern 
<collectingRegion id="49C0F8190428FFCF6E85F8D3BE97F899" box="[136,235,1808,1833]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
, Southwest 
<collectingCountry id="F313766B0428FFCF6F7FF8D3BFC5F899" box="[370,441,1808,1833]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">China</collectingCountry>
. It is likely endemic to that limestone cave.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E65700428FFCF6EB0F8F7BE90F809" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB0428FFCF6EB0F8F7BF31F8C1" blockId="10.[136,1452,1772,2085]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6EB0F8F7BF60F8FD" bold="true" box="[189,284,1844,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Ecology</emphasis>
:— 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D780428FFCF6F4DF8F7BCF5F8FD" authorityName="Li Bing Zhang, M. Q. Han &amp; Yan Liu" authorityYear="2016" box="[320,649,1844,1869]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multispinulosum">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6F4DF8F7BCF5F8FD" box="[320,649,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Polystichum multispinulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows inside a limestone cave at an elevation of 
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with humid and shady conditions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB0428FFCF6EB0F8BFBE90F809" blockId="10.[136,1452,1772,2085]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6EB0F8BFBF9FF825" bold="true" box="[189,483,1916,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">IUCN Red List category</emphasis>
:—CR-Critically Endangered: Only one population with about 100 plants was seen in the field.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31E65700428FFCE6EB0F807BB34FE95" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB0428FFCF6EB0F807BDBFF7B1" blockId="10.[136,1452,1772,2085]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6EB0F807BF42F86D" bold="true" box="[189,318,1988,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The species epithet is based on the Latin prefix, 
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6D70F807BDBCF86D" box="[893,960,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">multi-</emphasis>
, many, and the Latin adjective, 
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6B28F807BBD9F86D" box="[1317,1445,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">spinulosum</emphasis>
, spinulose, referring to the many spinules the species has on pinna margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB0428FFCF6EB0F7CFBBD0F795" blockId="10.[136,1452,1772,2085]" box="[189,1452,2060,2085]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6EB0F7CFBFEFF795" bold="true" box="[189,403,2060,2085]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
:—Morphologically 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D780428FFCF6C8AF7CFBDA3F795" authorityName="Li Bing Zhang, M. Q. Han &amp; Yan Liu" authorityYear="2016" box="[647,991,2060,2085]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multispinulosum">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6C8AF7CFBDA3F795" box="[647,991,2060,2085]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Polystichum multispinulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no close relatives in 
<emphasis id="B970EAE90428FFCF6B4AF7CFBB23F795" box="[1351,1375,2060,2085]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">P.</emphasis>
subg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBB36FB0429FFCE6E85FF63BB34FE95" blockId="11.[136,1452,160,293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90429FFCE6E85FF63BF29FF09" box="[136,341,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Haplopolystichum</emphasis>
. It is superficially similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D780429FFCE6CBDFF63BD26FF09" authorityName="Diels" authorityYear="1900" baseAuthorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[688,858,160,185]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90429FFCE6CBDFF63BD26FF09" box="[688,858,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">P. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having long spinules on the pinna margin. It is also somehow similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C044D780429FFCE6FAEFF07BC4CFF6D" authority="Ching" authorityName="Ching" box="[419,560,196,221]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Polystichum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="liui">
<emphasis id="B970EAE90429FFCE6FAEFF07BF98FF6D" box="[419,484,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">P. liui</emphasis>
Ching
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF954B0A0429FFCE6C5BFF07BD19FF6D" author="Ching, R. C. &amp; Liu, Z. - Y." box="[598,869,196,221]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref7676" refString="Ching, R. C. &amp; Liu, Z. - Y. (1983) New ferns of Jinfoshan, Nanchuan, Sichuan. Bulletin of Botanical Research 3 (4): 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1983">Ching &amp; Liu (1983: 28)</bibRefCitation>
but it has longer spinules on the pinna margin. The blackish scales on the rachis distinguishes the new species from all other similar species too. In addition, the perispore sculpture is cristate with numerous shallow reticular formation, not known in any other species of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>