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<document id="E35A658793AA1C375E2074ED396AD333" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5352386" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5352386" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630208119660" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Paulsen, M. J." docDate="2007" docId="517987AFFFCAFFE0FF621A6F138D6EC2" docLanguage="en" docName="0021.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2007 (21)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1.3:InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="A87B5EC635B7D5A430FC1D805C706BD1" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Codocera , Eschscholtz 1821" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="AD40FFD7FFC3FFE9FFA2184A177A6A79" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural changes in the Nearctic Ochodaeinae and description of two new genera (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Ochodaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1699185590910" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A58B21D9A8A74C673689551AD1AAD0F8">Nomenclatural changes in the Nearctic Ochodaeinae and description of two new genera (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Ochodaeidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="17B255DA2C63E2BADE0561257B73A0D8">Paulsen, M. J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="296AF54C163AFB27770811707F5E4891">Florida State Collection of Arthropods Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services PO BOX 147100 Gainesville, FL 32614 - 7100, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="91CA6532FFCAFFE0FF621A6F151C6842" box="[192,614,547,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D96F36B9FFCAFFE0FF621A6F151C6842" blockId="9.[192,614,547,572]" box="[192,614,547,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="822781D5FFCAFFE0FF621A6F151C6842" bold="true" box="[192,614,547,572]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" reason="4">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9C01197FFCAFFE0FF621A6F151C6842" box="[192,614,547,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FF621A6F151C6842" ID-CoL="3RRS" authority="Eschscholtz 1821: 398" authorityName=", Eschscholtz" authorityPageNumber="398" authorityYear="1821" box="[192,614,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FF621A6F151C6842" bold="true" box="[192,614,547,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FF621A6F163A6845" bold="true" box="[192,320,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Codocera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BD414B48FFCAFFE0FEE71A69151C6842" author="Eschscholtz, J. F." box="[325,614,547,571]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="397 - 402" refId="ref7392" refString="Eschscholtz, J. F. 1821. Zusatze und Berichtigungen zu den im VI. Bande der Memoires de l'Acad. de Sc. a St. Petersbourg, von mir beschriebenen Insekten. Magazin der Entomologie 4: 397 - 402." type="journal article" year="1821">Eschscholtz 1821: 398</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="D96F36B9FFCAFFE0FF621A2916A669E2" blockId="9.[192,1441,611,1212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FF621A29163F6802" bold="true" box="[192,325,611,635]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BD414B48FFCAFFE0FEE81A2915416802" author="Scholtz, C. H. &amp; D. D'Hotman &amp; A. V. Evans &amp; A. Nel" box="[330,571,611,635]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="207 - 240" refId="ref8317" refString="Scholtz, C. H., D. D'Hotman, A. V. Evans, and A. Nel. 1988. Phylogeny and systematics of the Ochodaeidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 51: 207 - 240." type="journal article" year="1988">Scholtz et al. (1988)</bibRefCitation>
revised the genera of
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FCEE1A2914916802" authorityName="Mulsant and Rey" authorityYear="1871" box="[844,1003,611,635]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ochodaeidae</taxonomicName>
and removed
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FB341A2912DA6802" authority="Eschscholtz" authorityName=", Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1821" box="[1174,1440,611,635]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FB341A2912726802" box="[1174,1288,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Codocera</emphasis>
Eschscholtz
</taxonomicName>
(not
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FF551AC9161168E2" box="[247,363,643,667]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Cadocera</emphasis>
as frequently misspelled; see
<bibRefCitation id="BD414B48FFCAFFE0FD771AC914D668E2" author="Harpootlian, P. J." box="[725,940,643,667]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" refId="ref7496" refString="Harpootlian, P. J. 2001. Scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of South Carolina. Biota of South Carolina. Vol. 2. Clemson University, Clemson, S. C. 157 p." type="book" year="2001">Harpootlian 2001</bibRefCitation>
) from synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FB191AC9123B68E2" authorityName="Dejean. Nikolajev" authorityYear="1995" box="[1211,1345,643,667]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Ochodaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FB191AC9123B68E2" box="[1211,1345,643,667]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Ochodaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. López- Colón et al. (2006) listed two Palearctic species. Species of
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FCD81AE9149168C2" authorityName=", Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1821" box="[890,1003,675,699]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FCD81AE9149168C2" box="[890,1003,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Codocera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack propygidial modifications as do
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FF621A8916F868A2" box="[192,386,707,731]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Ochodaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FF621A89163D68A2" box="[192,327,707,731]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Ochodaeus</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
, but possess a plate-like, ventrally produced mentum in males and strongly projecting mandibles. Based on these characters, one Nearctic species (
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FC011AAE13296882" authority="Fall" authorityName="Fall" box="[931,1107,739,763]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Ochodaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnatho">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FC011AAE13616882" box="[931,1051,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">O. gnatho</emphasis>
Fall
</taxonomicName>
) is transferred to
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FA8C1AA912DA6882" authorityName=", Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1821" box="[1326,1440,739,763]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FA8C1AA912DA6882" box="[1326,1440,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Codocera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resulting in
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FEF01B4E16B46962" box="[338,462,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FEF01B4E16B36962" authorityName="Paulsen" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Paulsen" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[338,457,771,795]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Ochodaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnatho" status="comb. nov.">C. gnatho</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F09757D0FFCAFFE0FE711B4E15DE6962" box="[467,676,771,795]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
. In addition to the strongly produced mentum,
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FB741B4E12306962" authorityName="Paulsen" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Paulsen" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[1238,1354,771,795]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Ochodaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnatho">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FB741B4E12306962" box="[1238,1354,771,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">C. gnatho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares with the Palearctic
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FE0E1B6E15896942" authority="(Eschscholtz)" baseAuthorityName="Eschscholtz" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[428,755,803,827]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FE0E1B6E15316942" box="[428,587,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">C. ferruginea</emphasis>
(Eschscholtz)
</taxonomicName>
an anterior clypeal tubercle that is present in the female but sometimes contiguous with the anterior margin in the male, and a less compact antennal club. In species of
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FEE71B2916CD6902" authorityName=", Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1821" box="[325,439,867,891]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FEE71B2916CD6902" box="[325,439,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Codocera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the antenna consists of ten antennomeres, and the stridulatory peg near the propygidium is present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D96F36B9FFCAFFE0FF521BE912696E02" blockId="9.[192,1441,611,1212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
Based on the current usage of both
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FD321BEE143C69C2" box="[656,838,931,955]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FD321BEE143C69C2" box="[656,838,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">C. ferrugineum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FCDC1BEE135869C2" box="[894,1058,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FCDC1BEE136469C2" baseAuthorityName="Eschscholtz" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[894,1054,931,955]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">C. ferruginea</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
some confusion appears to exist about the correct gender of the name
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FD2F1B89147D69A2" box="[653,775,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FD2F1B89147969A2" authorityName=", Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1821" box="[653,771,963,987]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Codocera</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Eschscholtz (1818) originally described the species as
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FF621BA916CB6982" box="[192,433,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FF621BA916D76982" box="[192,429,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Geotrupidae" genus="Lethrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineus">Lethrus ferrugineus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
gender masculine. Subsequently, when creating
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FC561BA912306982" authority=", Eschscholtz (1821)" authorityName=", Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1821" box="[1012,1354,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FC561BA913136982" box="[1012,1129,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Codocera,</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BD414B48FFCAFFE0FBCC1BA912306982" author="Eschscholtz, J. F." box="[1134,1354,995,1019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="397 - 402" refId="ref7392" refString="Eschscholtz, J. F. 1821. Zusatze und Berichtigungen zu den im VI. Bande der Memoires de l'Acad. de Sc. a St. Petersbourg, von mir beschriebenen Insekten. Magazin der Entomologie 4: 397 - 402." type="journal article" year="1821">Eschscholtz (1821)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
clearly treated the generic name as neutral in gender by placing it in combination with
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FB201C4912636E62" box="[1154,1305,1027,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FB201C4912636E62" box="[1154,1305,1027,1051]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">ferrugineum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the ICZN Code (ICZN 1999) lists the suffix “-
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FD721C6E14786E42" box="[720,770,1060,1083]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">cera</emphasis>
” (horn) as feminine, thus the correct combination for the
<typeStatus id="066B881BFFCAFFE0FF621C0E178F6E25" box="[192,245,1092,1116]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
species is
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FED21C0E156C6E22" box="[368,534,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FED21C0E15686E22" baseAuthorityName="Eschscholtz" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[368,530,1091,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">C. ferruginea</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The name
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FD3A1C0915966E22" authorityName="Paulsen" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Paulsen" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[664,748,1091,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Ochodaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnatho">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FD3A1C0915966E22" box="[664,748,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">gnatho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(jaw) is assumed to be a noun in apposition, and therefore remains unchanged regardless of the gender of the generic name with which it is combined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D96F36B9FFCAFFE0FF521CC9138D6EC2" blockId="9.[192,1441,611,1212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="1ED04D3AFFCAFFE0FF521CC916C46EE2" baseAuthorityName="Fall &amp; Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[240,446,1155,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Ochodaeidae" genus="Codocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnatho">
<emphasis id="EBA4EAABFFCAFFE0FF521CC916C46EE2" box="[240,446,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Codocera gnatho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported from Arizona and New
<collectingRegion id="1B14F85BFFCAFFE0FCCB1CC914BA6EE2" box="[873,960,1155,1179]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Mexico</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BD414B48FFCAFFE0FC6C1CC913396EE2" author="Fall, H. F." box="[974,1091,1155,1179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="30 - 38" refId="ref7462" refString="Fall, H. F. 1909. A short synopsis of the species of Ochodaeus inhabiting the United States. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 17: 30 - 38." type="journal article" year="1909">Fall 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
<materialsCitation id="69B83CE4FFCAFFE0FBF31CC913896EC2" country="Mexico" location="southern California" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Durango">
and Texas (
<bibRefCitation id="BD414B48FFCAFFE0FB7F1CC917846EC2" author="Riley, E. G. &amp; C. S. Wolfe" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref8225" refString="Riley, E. G., and C. S. Wolfe. 2003. An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of Texas (Coleoptera). Southwestern Entomologist, Supplement No. 26: 1 - 37." type="book chapter" year="2003">Riley and Wolfe 2003</bibRefCitation>
), and specimens were also examined from
<location id="DC0F6062FFCAFFE0FD5B1CE914926EC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:517987AFFFCAFFE0FF621A6F138D6EC2:DC0F6062FFCAFFE0FD5B1CE914926EC2" box="[761,1000,1187,1211]" country="Mexico" name="southern California" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Durango">southern California</location>
and
<collectingRegion id="1B14F85BFFCAFFE0FB831CEE13F56EC5" box="[1057,1167,1188,1212]" country="Mexico" name="Durango" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Durango</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A1C77629FFCAFFE0FB3B1CE913896EC2" box="[1177,1267,1187,1211]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>