249 lines
36 KiB
XML
249 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="7AE6A0DA71416B87C0F5C868FEAE459F" ID-CLB-Dataset="23992" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4740.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ddefedb-deb0-4021-b4c7-b3e789bc0651" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3672681" ID-ZooBank="0941B63B-331E-44B1-8D6B-2362DB24057F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1582014070362" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Leschen, Richard A. B., Reid, Chris A. M. & Nadein, Konstantin S." docDate="2020" docId="B10A8275FFA93C738AC1F9C6FC74FD1C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4740.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4740 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Aphilon Sharp 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="4D33FA0DFFAF3C7B8A56FFBBFF98FFB7" masterDocTitle="Generic Review of New Zealand Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698784205988" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A1941841034B9D7DBDF9B3E00F9C6E35">Generic Review of New Zealand Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3BCA2D54B8B74E81421886EF812D2B8F">Leschen, Richard A. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D695B6E7E975A50A4387E78C6D8FA32D">Reid, Chris A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A7F93F05F320ED0C962F32875B79E7B0">Nadein, Konstantin S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="7002A0A77CFF510A5B380AC8409E33EB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8B8ACF8BF96F013111C1ECCD0CF13CE4">
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<mods:date id="EE64802DDADFFF41C9F947B375244667">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A85C784A55FA4C13503DD815AC321DE6">4740</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B10A8275FFA93C738AC1F9C6FC74FD1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3680364" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162161417" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3680364" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B10A8275FFA93C738AC1F9C6FC74FD1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B10A8275FFA93C738AC1F9C6FC74FD1C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="71B960E8FFA93C7D8AC1F9C6FE0FF920" box="[151,407,1661,1688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA93C7D8AC1F9C6FE0FF920" blockId="6.[151,407,1661,1723]" box="[151,407,1661,1688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="6254840FFFA93C7D8AC1F9C6FE0FF920" bold="true" box="[151,407,1661,1688]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA93C7D8AC1F9C6FE0FF920" authority="Sharp, 1876" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,407,1661,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA93C7D8AC1F9C6FE0FF920" bold="true" box="[151,407,1661,1688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA93C7D8AC1F9C6FF61F92F" bold="true" box="[151,249,1661,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aphilon</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA93C7D8B56F9C6FE0FF920" author="Sharp, D." box="[256,407,1661,1687]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref47876" refString="Sharp, D. (1876) Descriptions of some new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera. Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 13, 97 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22816" type="journal article" year="1876">Sharp, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B960E8FFA93C7D8AC1F91AFE19F90C" box="[151,385,1697,1723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA93C7D8AC1F91AFE19F90C" blockId="6.[151,407,1661,1723]" box="[151,385,1697,1723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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(
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<figureCitation id="A1982FE6FFA93C7D8AC9F91AFEA4F90C" box="[159,316,1697,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 1" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1936,1961]" captionTargetBox="[234,1323,178,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[227,1361,166,1916]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 1A–F. Habitus and structures of Aphilon and Caccomolpus; A, Aphilon sp., dorsal view, length 2.2 mm; B, Aphilon sp., lateral view; C, Caccomolpus sp., dorsal view, length 2.7 mm; C, Caccomolpus sp., dorsal view; D, Caccomolpus sp., lateral view; E., Aphilon sp., front of head; F, Caccomolpus sp., abdominal ventrites." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3672683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3672683/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1A, B, E</figureCitation>
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, 13A)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B960E8FFA93C7D8AC1F95EFC73F949" box="[151,1003,1765,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA93C7D8AC1F95EFC73F949" blockId="6.[151,1003,1765,1790]" box="[151,1003,1765,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA93C7D8AC1F95EFE00F949" authority="Sharp, 1876: 100" authorityName="Sharp" authorityPageNumber="100" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,408,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA93C7D8AC1F95EFF7FF94A" box="[151,231,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aphilon</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA93C7D8AB8F95EFE00F949" author="Sharp, D." box="[238,408,1765,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref47876" refString="Sharp, D. (1876) Descriptions of some new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera. Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 13, 97 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22816" type="journal article" year="1876">Sharp, 1876:100</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="E6188DC1FFA93C7D8BF7F95DFE4BF949" box="[417,467,1766,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA93C7D8867F95EFCCDF949" authority="Sharp, 1876" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1876" box="[561,853,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enigma">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA93C7D8867F95EFD4AF94A" box="[561,722,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Aphilon enigma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA93C7D888EF95EFCCDF949" author="Sharp, D." box="[728,853,1765,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref47876" refString="Sharp, D. (1876) Descriptions of some new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera. Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 13, 97 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22816" type="journal article" year="1876">Sharp, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B960E8FFA93C7D8AC1F890FC16F805" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA93C7D8AC1F890FC16F805" blockId="6.[151,1437,1835,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA93C7D8AC1F890FE8AF8F1" bold="true" box="[151,274,1835,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body length
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<quantity id="FE5B9E86FFA93C7D8BFFF897FDABF8F1" box="[425,563,1836,1862]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="1.3">1.3–3.2 mm</quantity>
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; round and strongly convex; unicoloured, sometimes with a green or blue metallic sheen. Antennae clavate. Procoxal cavities externally open. Hindwings absent. Anterior edge of metaventrite curved or rounded; metaventral lines distal forming a broad surface behind the mesocoxae. First abdominal ventrite with subcoxal lines parallel and not extending to middle of ventrite.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B960E8FFA93C7C8A91F800FBC5F8F8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA93C7D8A91F800FD4DF84D" blockId="6.[151,1437,1835,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA93C7D8A91F800FEC9F861" bold="true" box="[199,337,1979,2006]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description</emphasis>
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. Length
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<quantity id="FE5B9E86FFA93C7D8BE1F807FDC8F861" box="[439,592,1980,2006]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="1.3">1.3–3.20 mm</quantity>
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. Body rounded, strongly convex, globose; colouration dark brown to black and sometimes with a green or blue metallic sheen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA83C7C8A91FF22FD47FCA0" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Head not forming a short muzzle with genae extending a short distance beyond level of antennal and maxillary insertions, scarcely visible in dorsal view with mouthparts directed ventrally, vertex or frons wide, nearly flat to feebly convex; postantennal calli weakly developed, pale areas present. Eyes small, elliptical, and convex, coarsely facetted and consisting of about 20 to 30 ommatidia; inner margin of eye without a small seta. Antennae relatively short, not reaching far beyond the hind margin of the pronotum; antennal club well developed (antennomeres 7–11); insertions contacting or not the margin of eye (distance between insertion and margin of eye is less than diameter of insertion), with distance between insertions about 3 times length of the scape. Clypeus triangulate or semicircular, frontoclypeal suture present, frons without postclypeal lines. Labrum somewhat rectangular and transverse with curved sides, anterior margin emarginated, surface with 3 setae per side, anterior margin at middle lacking distinct setal fringe, tormae long and thin, over 3 times longer than labral plate. Mandible lacking serrate terebral edge. Maxillary palpus relatively long, palpomere 1 longer than wide, palpomere 2 transverse and shorter than wide, palpomere 3 about 2 times longer than wide, greater in length than palpomere 2, conical to weakly acute. Labium with relatively narrow ligula, narrower than lengths of palpomeres 1 and 2 combined, apex undivided, palpal insertions separated by at least the width of the basal palpomere, palpi relatively short, palpomere 1 as wide as long, palpomere 2 slightly longer than wide, palpomere 2 times longer than wide with narrowed and truncated apex. Mentum rectangular and transverse 3 to 5 times wider than long to almost quadrate; width of mentum equal to, or shorter than the length of labial palpomere 1. Intermaxillary process delimited behind by a ridge and not extending anteriorly far beyond maxillary insertions, bead present or absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA83C7C8A91FC9AFE37F9E4" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pronotum transverse, very convex, with a bead along anterior and lateral margins, its base as wide as or just slightly shorter than the base of elytra; anterior margin straight in dorsal view, lateral margins rounded and converging anteriorly, anterior angles not projecting and rounded to subacute; sides distinctly converging anteriad and straight or weakly curved, posterior margin weakly convex; posterior angles acute; disc convex without sublateral groove, trichobothria absent, coarse and dense punctures at middle of posterior margin present or absent; lateral carinae complete. Prosternum not vaulted at middle (weakly vaulted in one undescribed species), without transverse notches in front of coxal cavities; prosternal lines present and parallel and extending forward reaching anterior edge of sternite, or divergent anteriorly, or absent; prosternal process broad, short and extending a short distance behind procoxae, expanded laterally behind coxae but not contacting the hypomeral process; posterior weakly emarginate, procoxal cavities externally open. Notopleural suture distinct. Scutellary shield small, triangular with an acute or rounded apex or not visible between elytral bases. Elytra short, convex, humeral calli and midbasal striae absent; surface smooth to punctate punctures weakly impressed confused to striate; epipleura wide and well developed, visible in lateral view, apex without ctenidium. Hind wings absent. Mesoventrite mostly hidden in ventral view, posterior portion between mesocoxae visible as a narrow strip; mesal part of mesoventrite with vertical surface confluent with prepectus. Meso- and metacoxae widely separated. Metaventrite shorter or longer than abdominal ventrite I at midline, mesocoxal process very short and broad with a curved or rounded anterior margin, metaventral lines not parallel, discrimen absent, transverse metaventral (metakatepisternal) suture present and crossing the midline or absent. Metendosternite lacking stalk and laminae, widely spaced lateral arms with subapical anterior tendons. Legs with only metatibiae flattened in cross section, not clubbed and gradually widened distally, apically setose; tarsomeres usually 5-5-5 (some smaller species may be 4-4-4) and variable, T1 2–3 times longer than T2, about 2 times longer than wide, T2 transverse and wider than long, T3 about as wide as long and deeply incised (bilobed), tarsomere 4 minute or absent, T5 longer than T2+T3, claws simple, tarsomere 1 on all or anterior and middle legs of male greatly enlarged.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA83C7C8A91F9E6FBC5F8F8" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Abdominal ventrite 1 long, but shorter than ventrites 1–5 combined, with a broad metacoxal process that is wider than long and with a straight apical margin, ventrites 2–4 equal in length and much shorter than ventrite 1, ventrite 5 longer than ventrites 3 and 4 combined with rounded posterior margin; first abdominal ventrite with subcoxal lines parallel to coxal cavity not extending to middle of ventrite. Aedeagus curved in lateral view and rounded in cross section; apex in dorsal view subrounded to subacute or apiculate; flagellum present or absent. Ovipositor with coxites elongate, more than 3 times longer than wide and lacking a stylus. Spermatheca curved and C-shaped, collum present, with spermathecal duct inserted onto base, spermathecal gland absent.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B960E8FFA83C738A91F8E3FCEDFDD4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="391C3363FFA83C738A91F8E3FECAFED0" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,153,683]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA83C7C8A91F8E3FED7F8C4" bold="true" box="[199,335,1880,1907]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Comments.</emphasis>
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This endemic genus contains 10 species with the exclusion of one species transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA83C7C8F7CF8E2FA04F8C4" authority="Leschen & Reid & Nadein, 2020" authorityName="Leschen & Reid & Nadein" authorityYear="2020" box="[1322,1436,1881,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Maurodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA83C7C8F7CF8E2FA04F8C4" box="[1322,1436,1881,1907]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Maurodus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA83C7C8AF7F8C6FE27F820" authority="Broun, 1914" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1914" box="[161,447,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Maurodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressus">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA83C7C8AF7F8C6FEB5F820" box="[161,301,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A. impressus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA83C7C8B65F8C6FE27F820" author="Broun, T." box="[307,447,1917,1943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="79 - 142" refId="ref45442" refString="Broun, T. (1914) Descriptions of new genera and species of Coleoptera. (Part II). New Zealand Institute Bulletin, 1, 79 - 142." type="journal article" year="1914">Broun, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and two species transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA83C7C894BF8C6FC2DF820" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[797,949,1917,1943]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caccomolpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA83C7C894BF8C6FC2DF820" box="[797,949,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Caccomolpus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below). All live at ground level and are flightless having relatively short metaventra and lack hindwings.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA83C7C893BF81AFC5EF80C" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1876" box="[877,966,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA83C7C893BF81AFC5EF80C" box="[877,966,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Aphilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are similar to some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA83C7C8EABF81AFA0DF80C" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[1277,1429,1953,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caccomolpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA83C7C8EABF81AFA0DF80C" box="[1277,1429,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Caccomolpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but most species can be distinguished by their small size and almost completely round and highly convex bodies, though a break in contour is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738808FF22FCB0FF04" authority="Broun" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" box="[606,808,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738808FF22FD4EFF04" box="[606,726,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. latulum</emphasis>
|
||
Broun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but, most importantly, all have parallel subcoxal lines on abdominal ventrite 1 (including larger species like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C7388A8FF06FBD8FF6F" authority="Broun, 1886" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1886" box="[766,1088,189,216]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstrosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C7388A8FF06FC3EFF60" box="[766,934,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. monstrosum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C7389F8FF06FBD8FF6F" author="Broun, T." box="[942,1088,189,216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="745 - 973" refId="ref45160" refString="Broun, T. (1886) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts III & IV. Colonial Museum and Geological Survey Department, Wellington, viii + 229 pp. [pp. i-viii + 745 - 973]" type="book chapter" year="1886">Broun, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738EC0FF06FB77FF60" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1876" box="[1174,1263,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738EC0FF06FB77FF60" box="[1174,1263,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aphilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have distinctly clavate antennae, but this character is also present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C7388BCFF5AFCC5FF4C" authority="Leschen & Reid & Nadein, 2020" authorityName="Leschen & Reid & Nadein" authorityYear="2020" box="[746,861,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nanomela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C7388BCFF5AFCC5FF4C" box="[746,861,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nanomela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C7389C2FF5AFB9EFF4C" authority="Leschen & Reid & Nadein, 2020" authorityName="Leschen & Reid & Nadein" authorityYear="2020" box="[916,1030,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Zeaphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C7389C2FF5AFB9EFF4C" box="[916,1030,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Zeaphilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The round and highly convex body shape of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738B57FEBEFEC2FEA8" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1876" box="[257,346,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738B57FEBEFEC2FEA8" box="[257,346,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aphilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distinguishes this genus from members of
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C73891CFEBEFBA6FEA8" box="[842,1086,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C73891CFEBEFC27FEA8" authority="Leschen & Reid & Nadein, 2020" authorityName="Leschen & Reid & Nadein" authorityYear="2020" box="[842,959,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Maurodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Maurodus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C73899AFEBEFBA6FEA8" authority="Leschen & Reid & Nadein, 2020" authorityName="Leschen & Reid & Nadein" authorityYear="2020" box="[972,1086,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Zeaphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Zeaphilon</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738E29FEBEFB6AFEA8" authority="Leschen & Reid & Nadein, 2020" authorityName="Leschen & Reid & Nadein" authorityYear="2020" box="[1151,1266,261,287]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nanomela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738E29FEBEFB6AFEA8" box="[1151,1266,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nanomela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Some species have been collected at night feeding on mosses and liverworts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C738934FE92FB9BFEF4" author="Kuschel, G." box="[866,1027,297,323]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 118" refId="ref46418" refString="Kuschel, G. (1990) Beetles in a suburban environment: a New Zealand case study. The identity and status of Coleoptera in the natural and modified habitats of Lynfield, Auckland (1974 - 1989). DSIR Plant Protection Report, 3, 1 - 118." type="journal article" year="1990">Kuschel 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), otherwise they can be collected by sifting leaf litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="391C3363FFA73C738A91FECAFD5AFE40" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
We are unable to provide a key to the species as the exact number of valid species is undetermined and the status of the described species must be confirmed by further revision of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C7389F3FE2EFC66FE18" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1876" box="[933,1022,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C7389F3FE2EFC66FE18" box="[933,1022,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aphilon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738E64FE2EFB52FE18" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[1074,1226,405,431]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Caccomolpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738E64FE2EFB52FE18" box="[1074,1226,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Caccomolpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However the type material is reviewed below, with
|
||
<typeStatus id="E6188DC1FFA73C738853FE02FDF4FE64" box="[517,620,441,467]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designations where appropriate. The unusual larva with fused terga noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C738AECFE66FE5AFE40" author="Reid, C. & Leschen, R." box="[186,450,477,503]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="10" refId="ref47785" refString="Reid, C. & Leschen, R. (2003) Mystery object. What is it? Chrysomela newsletter, 42, 5 + 10." type="journal article" year="2003">Reid & Leschen (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
needs full description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="391C3363FFA73C738A91FDBAFCEDFDD4" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738A91FDBAFE0BFDAC" bold="true" box="[199,403,512,539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Included species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738BCCFDBAFC9BFDAC" authority="Broun, 1893" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" box="[410,771,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738BCCFDBAFDF3FDAC" box="[410,619,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aphilon convexum</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738959FDBAFB8DFDAC" authority="Sharp, 1876" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1876" box="[783,1045,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738959FDBAFC19FDAC" box="[783,897,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. enigma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C7389DCFDBAFB8DFDAC" author="Sharp, D." box="[906,1045,513,539]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref47876" refString="Sharp, D. (1876) Descriptions of some new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera. Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 13, 97 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 22816" type="journal article" year="1876">Sharp, 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738E77FDBAFAB7FDAC" authority="Broun, 1893" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" box="[1057,1327,513,539]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738E77FDBAFB0FFDAC" box="[1057,1175,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. latulum</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738F6DFDBAFECFFD88" authority="Broun, 1880" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1880" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738F6DFDBAFF59FD88" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. minutum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C738A9EFD9EFECFFD88" author="Broun, T." box="[200,343,549,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref45118" refString="Broun, T. (1880) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Colonial Museum and Geological Survey Department, Wellington, xix + 651 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 32505" type="book" year="1880">Broun, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738B35FD9EFD38FD88" authority="Broun, 1886" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1886" box="[355,672,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstrosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738B35FD9EFD92FD88" box="[355,522,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. monstrosum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C738847FD9EFD38FD88" author="Broun, T." box="[529,672,549,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="745 - 973" refId="ref45160" refString="Broun, T. (1886) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts III & IV. Colonial Museum and Geological Survey Department, Wellington, viii + 229 pp. [pp. i-viii + 745 - 973]" type="book chapter" year="1886">Broun, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C7388FDFD9EFC56FD88" authority="Broun, 1893" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" box="[683,974,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chalcolampra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praestans">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C7388FDFD9EFCAFFD88" box="[683,823,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. praestans</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C73898FFD9EFA9CFD88" authority="Broun, 1880" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1880" box="[985,1284,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C73898FFD9EFBF6FD88" box="[985,1134,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. punctatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C738E23FD9EFA9CFD88" author="Broun, T." box="[1141,1284,549,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref45118" refString="Broun, T. (1880) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Colonial Museum and Geological Survey Department, Wellington, xix + 651 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 32505" type="book" year="1880">Broun, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738F46FD9EFEBEFDD4" authority="Broun, 1893" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellare">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738F46FD9EFA04FD88" box="[1296,1436,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. scutellare</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C738B67FDF2FDC8FDD4" authority="Broun, 1886" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1886" box="[305,592,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sobrinum">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738B67FDF2FE22FDD4" box="[305,442,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. sobrinum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D324E92FFA73C738B97FDF2FDC8FDD4" author="Broun, T." box="[449,592,585,611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="745 - 973" refId="ref45160" refString="Broun, T. (1886) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Parts III & IV. Colonial Museum and Geological Survey Department, Wellington, viii + 229 pp. [pp. i-viii + 745 - 973]" type="book chapter" year="1886">Broun, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA348E0FFA73C73880DFDF2FCE9FDD4" authority="Broun, 1921" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1921" box="[603,881,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aphilon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sternalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C73880DFDF2FD42FDD4" box="[603,730,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. sternalis</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1921
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="71B960E8FFA73C738A91FDD7FC74FD1C" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="391C3363FFA73C738A91FDD7FC74FD1C" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="0BD7EF71FFA73C738A91FDD7FEF9FD30" bold="true" box="[199,353,620,647]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
North Island, South Island. Most of the specimens in the NZAC are from the North Island; however, there is a small number of specimens of a new species from Fiordland.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |