477 lines
61 KiB
XML
477 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document id="D3E2BB8EEE26D6845F1BE9D938CAB02E" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.2" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4b5b78d6-60aa-4671-aa40-d5a18fb647cd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="260533" ID-ZooBank="7CA48761-3F3D-404F-B8D8-476F0EB06293" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1477898202837" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="He, Yi, Zhao, Jia-Qi, Ning, Wan-Ru, Zhuang, Jie-Yi, Zhang, Yu & Wang, An-Tai" docDate="2016" docId="192187CAFFBBFFAC5AAA1ABEFCD9FBDF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4179.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4179 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bothrioplana sinensis Wang & He, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="215" masterDocId="E518FFB2FFB9FFAA5A3D1839FFCEF92F" masterDocTitle="A new species of the genus Bothrioplana (Platyhelminthes: Bothrioplanida: Bothrioplanidae) and a new species of the genus Pentacoelum (Tricladida: Bdellouridae) from southern China" masterLastPageNumber="224" masterPageNumber="209" pageNumber="211" updateTime="1698391246383" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DB8098943896E6F5D68C953D0F1953FD">
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<mods:title id="4B764ACD832F8A98282C3AB51EF4F404">A new species of the genus Bothrioplana (Platyhelminthes: Bothrioplanida: Bothrioplanidae) and a new species of the genus Pentacoelum (Tricladida: Bdellouridae) from southern China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DCE14889692B1B58CC85A447516A77E4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4CB863DDABF9EA930E360C6BCA3EAD13">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="42127A224ED9A4182FA8AE550AE5D28B">He, Yi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="576AFB0E59DE32587CB1372E96FBEC22" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8D8504408D6F15EF334D47A701081C65">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BF6829238161B8BC9C1930EB59A6BB7F">Zhao, Jia-Qi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E9046F2355C671D03FEE28D378065EFF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5829F68D77CD2B40170475B2A3FA241E">Ning, Wan-Ru</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FED3AFE5F83EA4A89D5178CFCF29266B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4CE6A01B6D820D7A162E81EF24E33B29">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3B332965EC93AC447C627EE132A11051">Zhuang, Jie-Yi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="91237892A7E5D4BD5E6310FCEAB282CF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CF0559EA52A5F98D95BAA3B6BFFC4413">Zhang, Yu</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="204F1CE148C3628FD728302D61DC36B2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="17CEBED00F7F50A3BFBD186A1FD45B49">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="943D7B857D7766466A39078A56BFCDCE">Wang, An-Tai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B76535A2BBA4DAABDD9EB74B3A8D0D57">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CD12C7BF160AAC44A3CC01E6CD9569C0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="46B466A9D72EDF0112199A1A11179196">
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<mods:date id="E32F49200BCF1E6842C7C97004CD5522">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="94E1C47956ACC25D230F335A2DD0F7CC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="69CA0A2C5CFB8646893DF7905FCE3E5D">4179</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="325EDD283EE95A42C82558BAE2A90EF9">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="0DD629F915F9288E57F0D4C0D160BDE8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AA750CDC5C2795C0B1005932FED71008" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="643AE8F49590027672C0D79519CC17B7" type="GBIF-Dataset">4b5b78d6-60aa-4671-aa40-d5a18fb647cd</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3ED419C215FB930E7ACA63CF308E5055" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9F728C22E5CF33477016D9A9E113A521" type="Zenodo-Dep">260533</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5C3F0B936D4BAB0441D46CF11E5C9CCD" type="ZooBank">7CA48761-3F3D-404F-B8D8-476F0EB06293</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="192187CAFFBBFFAC5AAA1ABEFCD9FBDF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5674327" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124560739" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5674327" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:192187CAFFBBFFAC5AAA1ABEFCD9FBDF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/192187CAFFBBFFAC5AAA1ABEFCD9FBDF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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<subSubSection id="D9926557FFBBFFA85AAA1ABEFEDCFBEC" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AAA1ABEFD42FB8D" blockId="2.[151,652,647,707]" box="[151,652,647,674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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<heading id="CA7F81B0FFBBFFA85AAA1ABEFD42FB8D" bold="true" box="[151,652,647,674]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AAA1ABEFD42FB8D" bold="true" box="[151,652,647,674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBBFFA85AAA1ABEFDF2FB8D" authority="Wang & He" authorityName="Wang & He" box="[151,572,647,674]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AAA1ABEFE51FB8E" bold="true" box="[151,415,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
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Wang & He
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBBFFA858771AB1FD42FB8D" box="[586,652,648,674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AAA1A93FEDCFBEC" blockId="2.[151,652,647,707]" box="[151,274,682,707]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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(
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<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85AA21A93FEC6FBEC" box="[159,264,682,707]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4. A" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5. A" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1249,1271]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,1744,1766]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,250,1888,1910]" captionStartId-4="7.[151,250,1312,1334]" captionTargetBox-0="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetBox-1="[341,1246,193,1203]" captionTargetBox-2="[170,1416,277,1707]" captionTargetBox-3="[170,1428,835,1849]" captionTargetBox-4="[165,1424,200,1273]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[340,1247,193,1207]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[151,1435,265,1723]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[151,1437,823,1866]" captionTargetId-4="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1291]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: reproductive system. A. ventral view of gonopore; B. sperm and vas deference; C – E. sagittal sections of reproductive system; F – G. horizontal sections of reproductive system; Scale bars: A = 40 µm, B – C = 20 µm, D – G = 100 µm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. body in whole; B. reconstruction of reproductive system, side view; C. reconstruction of reproductive system, ventral view; Scale bars: A = 500 µm, B-C = 50 µm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. A phylogenetic tree of Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: 18 S rDNA generated with the Maximum Likelihood method, the scale indicates the branch length in substitutions per site. (bootstrap = 1000, Kimura 2 - parameter model)." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. A phylogenetic tree of Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: 18 S rDNA generated with the Neighbor-Joining method, the scale indicates the branch length in substitutions per site. (bootstrap = 1000, Kimura 2 - parameter model)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/260535/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/260536/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/260537/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/260538/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9926557FFBBFFA85AAA1ACBFDD9FA58" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AAA1ACBFCC6FA00" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AAA1ACBFE89FA24" bold="true" box="[151,327,754,779]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Type material.</emphasis>
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Holotype: PLA-B001, mounted specimens. Paratype: PLA-B002– PLA-B006 (PLA-B002–PLA- B003, mounted; PLA-B004–PLA-B006, serial section).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AFA1B03FDD9FA58" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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||
<materialsCitation id="21E03C81FFBBFFA85AFA1B03FDD9FA58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324332029" country="China" county="Shenzhen" latitude="22.529114" location="Collection" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="113.93115" municipality="Shenzhen University" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong">
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<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AFA1B03FE65FA7C" bold="true" box="[199,427,826,851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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<location id="94576007FFBBFFA85AFA1B03FE8EFA7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:192187CAFFBBFFAC5AAA1ABEFCD9FBDF:94576007FFBBFFA85AFA1B03FE8EFA7C" box="[199,320,826,851]" country="China" county="Shenzhen" latitude="22.529114" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="113.93115" municipality="Shenzhen University" name="Collection" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Guangdong">Collection</location>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<location id="94576007FFBBFFA85B841B02FE1EFA7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:192187CAFFBBFFAC5AAA1ABEFCD9FBDF:94576007FFBBFFA85B841B02FE1EFA7D" box="[441,464,827,850]" country="China" county="Shenzhen" latitude="22.529114" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="113.93115" municipality="Shenzhen University" name="In" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Guangdong">In</location>
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an artificial lake of
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<collectingMunicipality id="7153ACA6FFBBFFA858EB1B03FC09FA7C" box="[726,967,826,851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Shenzhen University</collectingMunicipality>
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campus,
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<collectingCounty id="78564E50FFBBFFA85E021B03FB61FA7C" box="[1087,1199,826,851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Shenzhen</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="534CF83EFFBBFFA85EFC1B03FA88FA7C" box="[1217,1350,826,851]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBBFFA85F641B03FA52FA7C" box="[1369,1436,826,851]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">China</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="F4BC501BFFBBFFA85AA21B66FE87FA58" box="[159,329,863,887]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" precision="1" value="22.529114">22°31'44.81"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F4BC501BFFBBFFA85B681B67FDC5FA58" box="[341,523,862,887]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" precision="1" value="113.93115">113°55'52.17"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9926557FFBBFFA85AFA1BBBFC14FAB4" box="[199,986,898,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AFA1BBBFC14FAB4" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" box="[199,986,898,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AFA1BBBFE80FAB4" bold="true" box="[199,334,898,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The species is named because it was discovered in
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<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBBFFA859AD1BBBFC19FAB4" box="[912,983,898,923]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D9926557FFBBFFAE5AFA1B9FFC12FF2B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="description">
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<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AFA1B9FFB0BFD28" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AFA1B9FFE97FA90" bold="true" box="[199,345,934,959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Description.</emphasis>
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The mature individual is
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<quantity id="56709B39FFBBFFA858421B9FFD13FA91" box="[639,733,934,959]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
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in length, transparent, flat and appears in an elongated shape. The body surface has no pigment. The width of the middle part of the body is 0.7–1.0 mm (
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<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85EA31BF3FB12FACC" box="[1182,1244,970,995]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A,
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<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85F3E1BF3FA8AFACC" box="[1283,1348,970,995]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1744,1766]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,277,1707]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,265,1723]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. body in whole; B. reconstruction of reproductive system, side view; C. reconstruction of reproductive system, ventral view; Scale bars: A = 500 µm, B-C = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260536/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A). The anterior end is in a circular arc shape, having no eyespot or statocyst. The tail is in a “V” shape.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AFA1C2BFD9CFC2C" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AFA1C2BFE5CFD04" bold="true" box="[199,402,1042,1067]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Digestive system.</emphasis>
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||
The light brown digestive tract in the median line of the body is divided into two at pharynx, which then integrate into one at the posterior end of the copulatory organs. The caecus at both sides of intestinal canal are relatively long in the anterior part of the body, while relatively short in the posterior part (
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<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85EC41C63FA8DFD5C" box="[1273,1347,1114,1139]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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A, 3A). The mouth (m) is in the middle part of the body. The transformable plicate pharynx (p) is 205–505 µm in length, lying in the anterior part of the mouth. The vitellaria (vi) are distributed in both sides of intestinal canals. The butterfly-shaped brain (b) at the anterior 1/10 position of the body is composed of peripheral neuroglia cell and interior collagenous fiber (
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<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85BFC1CD3FDC4FC2C" box="[449,522,1258,1283]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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D–E).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AFA1D37FE9FFF0C" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
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||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AFA1D37FE06FC08" bold="true" box="[199,456,1294,1319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Reproductive system.</emphasis>
|
||
Hermaphrodite with a gonopore (g). The reproductive organ is located posterior to the pharynx (p) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85B141D0BFEBEFC64" box="[297,368,1330,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
F–G, 2D–G, 3A–C). A pair of spherical-shaped testes (t) is located dorsally behind the pharynx. The testes, 27–37 µm in diameter, contain different development stages of spermatids. At the late stage of testis development, the spermatid structure is not obvious, but the vasa deferentia (vd) and the testes are filled with mature sperm (s). The vasa deferentia originate from the internal sides of the two testes and then merge into one in the median-ventral part of the body, thus appearing in a “T” shape. The merged vas deferens extends ventrally to the common gonopore at the bottom of the copulatory atrium (ca) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA859B11DDFFC18FCD0" box="[908,982,1510,1535]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
G, 3B–C). The male copulatory organ is in tubular shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AFA1E16FB13FFD4" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
|
||
A pair of elliptical-shaped ovaries (o) (84 µm×33 µm) is situated ventrally at both sides of the copulatory atrium (ca), forming a “V” shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA8582B1E6BFD91FF44" box="[534,607,1618,1643]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
F–G, 2F, 3B). Two oviducts (ov), 56–75 µm in length, originate from both sides of the ovaries, extend to the common oviduct (cov) that is 27–40 µm in length, and finally enter the copulatory atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85B4D1EA3FE73FF9C" box="[368,445,1690,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1249,1271]" captionTargetBox="[341,1246,193,1203]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,193,1207]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: reproductive system. A. ventral view of gonopore; B. sperm and vas deference; C – E. sagittal sections of reproductive system; F – G. horizontal sections of reproductive system; Scale bars: A = 40 µm, B – C = 20 µm, D – G = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260535/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F–G, 3B–C). Two white vitellaria are situated at both sides of the intestine (i). They are strip-like with the length identical to that of the intestine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA859141E87FCBDFFF8" box="[809,883,1726,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 3A). Vitelline ducts from both sides merge at the trailing edge of the common oviduct and enter the copulatory atrium via the common oviduct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBBFFA85AFA1F3FFB0DFEFC" blockId="2.[151,1437,754,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA85AFA1F3FFE30FE30" bold="true" box="[199,510,1798,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Habits and reproduction.</emphasis>
|
||
The flatworms were fed daily with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBBFFA859901F3FFBC1FE31" box="[941,1039,1798,1822]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Macrothricidae" genus="Daphnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBBFFA859901F3FFBC1FE31" box="[941,1039,1798,1822]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Daphnia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. In mature individual, there is usually a red color cocoon behind the pharynx. During reproduction period, the mature individual lays one oval cocoon per day. The cocoon is in brown-red color, 434–503 µm in length and 325–387 µm in width (
|
||
<figureCitation id="09B32A59FFBBFFA85F361F77FA9BFE48" box="[1291,1365,1870,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[313,1273,195,1584]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bothrioplana sinensis n. sp.: A. living specimen; B – C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D – G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A – D = 400 µm, E – G = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B–C). The incubation period was about 14 days, and each cocoon could hatch one larva. In total, 7 cocoons have been observed in a 12-well plate, with each well contains a single cocoon. The larvae could be maintained for up to 12 days post-hatching and developed into juvenile stage, but were unable to reach sexual maturity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C5F76654FFBAFFA95AAA1E71FF31FFB3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" targetBox="[313,1273,195,1584]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBAFFA95AAA1E71FF31FFB3" blockId="3.[151,1436,1608,1692]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA95AAA1E71FEDCFF72" bold="true" box="[151,274,1608,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBAFFA95B251E71FE3BFF71" box="[280,501,1608,1630]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA95B251E71FE3BFF71" box="[280,501,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA95BC61E70FDFDFF71" bold="true" box="[507,563,1609,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBAFFA95BC61E70FDFDFF71" box="[507,563,1609,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: A. living specimen; B–C. cocoons (B. cocoon just laid; C. cocoon after hatching); D– G. ventral view (D. body in whole; E. anterior end; F. copulatorium atrium; G. vasa deferentia). Scale bars: A–D=400 µm, E– G=50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBAFFA95AFA1EFAFC68FEF7" blockId="3.[151,1437,1731,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA95AFA1EFAFEE4FFF3" bold="true" box="[199,298,1731,1756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Aquatic plants were introduced into the artificial lake from the suburb of Foshan,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="534CF83EFFBAFFA95EC41EFAFAB2FFF3" box="[1273,1404,1731,1756]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||
in 2006. In 2011, a small artificial wetland was constructed on the islet in the center of the lake in order to purify the polluted water. Although no flatworm was found in the lake, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBAFFA959491F35FC23FE0C" box="[884,1005,1804,1827]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA959491F35FC23FE0C" box="[884,1005,1804,1827]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">B. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA959C91F32FBFDFE0B" bold="true" box="[1012,1075,1803,1828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBAFFA959C91F32FBFDFE0B" box="[1012,1075,1803,1828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was found in a cement filtering basin of the wetland. During collection, the ambient water was limpid, with a small quantity of
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA95EDD1F09FA82FE68" box="[1248,1356,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">spirogyra</emphasis>
|
||
on the basin wall. There were abundant invertebrates, including several kinds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBAFFA959EA1F6AFBA7FE43" box="[983,1129,1875,1900]" class="Rhabditophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Rhabdocoela</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBAFFA95E9C1F6AFADDFE43" box="[1185,1299,1875,1900]" class="Rhabditophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Tricladida</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the basin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBAFFA95AA21F41FE86FEBF" author="Lu" box="[159,328,1911,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" refString="Xia, X. - J., Lu, Y. - H. & Wang, A. - T. (2014) A new species of Aequales, genus Gieysztoria (Rhabdocoela: Dalyelliidae) from China. Zoological Systematics, 39, 229 - 235." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Lu
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBAFFA95AF51F41FF35FEA0" box="[200,251,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In 2013, this species disappeared, mainly due to water pipe blockage and the subsequent water quality deterioration. However, in early 2016, the lake water was treated and lotus was planted. Seven more individuals were collected on
|
||
<date id="E536101CFFBAFFA95BDA1F86FDB1FEF7" box="[487,639,1983,2008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" value="2016-07-16">July 16, 2016</date>
|
||
at the same sampling site.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C5F76654FFBDFFAE5AAA1CD8FEE5FC1B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260535/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" targetBox="[341,1246,193,1203]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBDFFAE5AAA1CD8FEE5FC1B" blockId="4.[151,1436,1249,1332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5AAA1CD8FEDCFDD9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1249,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5B251CD8FE38FDD8" box="[280,502,1249,1271]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5B251CD8FE38FDD8" box="[280,502,1249,1271]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5BC11CD8FDFBFDD9" bold="true" box="[508,565,1249,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBDFFAE5BC11CD8FDFBFDD9" box="[508,565,1249,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: reproductive system. A. ventral view of gonopore; B. sperm and vas deference; C–E. sagittal sections of reproductive system; F–G. horizontal sections of reproductive system; Scale bars: A=40 µm, B–C=20 µm, D–G=100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBDFFAE5AFA1D62FC12FF2B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1371,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5AFA1D62FE19FC5B" bold="true" box="[199,471,1371,1396]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Phylogenetic analysis.</emphasis>
|
||
The 18S rDNA phylogenetic analysis using Maximum-Likelihood (ML) and Neighbor-Joining (NJ) methods showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE589E1DB9FC41FCB8" box="[675,911,1408,1432]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinesis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE589E1DB9FC41FCB8" box="[675,911,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Bothrioplana sinesis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE59A41D46FC12FCB7" bold="true" box="[921,988,1407,1432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBDFFAE59A41D46FC12FCB7" box="[921,988,1407,1432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
specimens 1–5 clustered together and formed a well-supported clade with another species within the genus, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5E171D9DFB68FC94" box="[1066,1190,1444,1467]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5E171D9DFB68FC94" box="[1066,1190,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This new species is related more closely to species from the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE58891DFEFCACFCCF" box="[692,866,1479,1504]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Macrostomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Macrostomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE59A61DFEFBD3FCCF" box="[923,1053,1479,1504]" class="Trematoda" family="Fasciolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Fasciolidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, than to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5EDF1DFEFA53FCCF" box="[1250,1437,1479,1504]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Gnosonesimidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecithoepitheliata" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Gnosonesimidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Letoplanidae,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5B0A1DD2FE72FF2B" box="[311,444,1515,1540]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Graffillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Graffillidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5BFA1DD2FD95FF2B" box="[455,603,1515,1540]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Bdellouridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE585B1DD2FD29FF2B" box="[614,743,1515,1540]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Dugesiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Dugesiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE592D1DD2FC16FF2B" box="[784,984,1515,1540]" class="Trematoda" family="Schistosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Schistosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D9926557FFBDFFAC5AFA1E36FCD9FBDF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBDFFAE5AFA1E36FE6AFFBC" blockId="4.[151,1437,1371,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5AFA1E36FE82FF07" bold="true" box="[199,332,1551,1576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
To date, 7 orders of turbellarian have been reported in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE59831E36FBCAFF07" box="[958,1028,1551,1576]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5EBF1E36FAD9FF07" box="[1154,1303,1551,1576]" class="Rhabditophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Rhabdocoela</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5F1E1E36FA56FF07" box="[1315,1432,1551,1576]" class="Rhabditophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Tricladida</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5AAA1E0AFE23FF63" authority="Temnocephaloda" authorityName="Temnocephaloda" box="[151,493,1587,1612]" class="Rhabditophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Polycladida, Temnocephaloda</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5BC41E0AFD50FF63" box="[505,670,1587,1612]" class="Rhabditophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macrostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Macrostomida</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE58961E0AFCBBFF63" box="[683,885,1587,1612]" class="Rhabditophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lecithoepitheliata" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Lecithoepitheliata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE59921E0AFBA8FF63" box="[943,1126,1587,1612]" class="Rhabditophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Prolecithophora</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5E981E0DFA52FF64" box="[1189,1436,1588,1612]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5E981E0DFA52FF64" box="[1189,1436,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5AAA1E6EFF19FF5F" bold="true" box="[151,215,1623,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBDFFAE5AAA1E6EFF19FF5F" box="[151,215,1623,1648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
characterized in this paper represents a newly recorded order in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE59811E6EFC31FF5F" box="[956,1023,1623,1648]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the second identified species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5B351E45FE53FFBB" box="[264,413,1660,1684]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5B351E45FE53FFBB" box="[264,413,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Bothrioplana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBDFFAF5AFA1EA6FEFAF9FA" blockId="4.[151,1437,1371,2009]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
Only two species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE58731E99FD2DFF97" box="[590,739,1696,1720]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE58731E99FD2DFF97" box="[590,739,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Bothrioplana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE59661E98FB46FF97" authority="Braun 1881" authorityName="Braun" authorityYear="1881" box="[859,1160,1696,1720]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE59661E98FC15FF98" box="[859,987,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE59CF1E99FB4EFF97" author="Braun" box="[1010,1152,1696,1720]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Braun, M. (1881) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Fauna baltica: I: Ueber Dorpater Brunnenplanarien. Archiv Fur Die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- Und Kurlands: Biologische Naturkunde, 9 Bd, 335, f. 1, 4 - 12." type="book chapter" year="1881">Braun 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5EF21E99FAA2FF97" box="[1231,1388,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5EF21E99FAA6FF97" box="[1231,1384,1696,1720]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Bothrioplana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5F471EA6FA55FF97" bold="true" box="[1402,1435,1695,1720]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">sp.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE5AA31EFAFE39FFF3" author="Kawakatsu" box="[158,503,1731,1756]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Kawakatsu, M. & Mack-Fira, V. (1975) The fauna of the insular lava caves in West Japan XI. Proseriata et Tricladida (Turbellaria). Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology, 1, 77 - 84." type="journal article" year="1975">Kawakatsu & Mack-Fira 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), have been recorded so far. Due to the incomplete description of
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5EEC1EFDFAA0FFF3" box="[1233,1390,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5EEC1EFDFAA4FFF3" box="[1233,1386,1732,1756]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Bothrioplana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5F491EFAFA5AFFF3" bold="true" box="[1396,1428,1731,1756]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">sp.</emphasis>
|
||
, comparison between the new species and
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE58471ED1FCD9FE2F" box="[634,791,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE58471ED1FCDDFE2F" box="[634,787,1768,1792]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Bothrioplana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE591D1EDEFC8FFE2F" bold="true" box="[800,833,1767,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">sp.</emphasis>
|
||
was impracticable. As for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE5E411ED0FB38FFD0" box="[1148,1270,1768,1792]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE5E411ED0FB38FFD0" box="[1148,1270,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the specimen was first discovered in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="534CF83EFFBDFFAE5BA61F35FE17FE0C" box="[411,473,1804,1827]" country="Estonia" name="Tartumaa" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Tartu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE5BD91F32FDF6FE0B" box="[484,568,1803,1828]" name="Estonia" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Estonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE587B1F35FD00FE0B" author="Braun" box="[582,718,1804,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Braun, M. (1881) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Fauna baltica: I: Ueber Dorpater Brunnenplanarien. Archiv Fur Die Naturkunde Liv-, Ehst- Und Kurlands: Biologische Naturkunde, 9 Bd, 335, f. 1, 4 - 12." type="book chapter" year="1881">Braun 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and then found in Karkonosze,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE5E7E1F32FB5FFE0B" box="[1091,1169,1803,1828]" name="Poland" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE5EA21F32FA9FFE0B" author="Zacharias" box="[1183,1361,1803,1828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Zacharias, O. (1886) Zwei neue Vertreter des Turbellarien- Genus Bothrioplana (M. Braun). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 9, 477 - 479." type="journal article" year="1886">Zacharias 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Lake
|
||
<collectingRegion id="534CF83EFFBDFFAE5AAA1F09FF21FE67" box="[151,239,1840,1864]" country="Switzerland" name="Geneve" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Geneva</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE5B3F1F16FE46FE67" box="[258,392,1839,1864]" name="Switzerland" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE5BA31F16FDE2FE67" author="Rixen" box="[414,556,1839,1864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Rixen, J. U. (1961) Kleinturbellarien aus dem Litoral der Binnengewasser Schleswig-Holsteins. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 57, 464 - 538." type="journal article" year="1961">Rixen 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Loch Lomond,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE59391F16FCA7FE67" box="[772,873,1839,1864]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE59411F16FB8FFE67" box="[892,1089,1839,1864]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE5E6B1F09FB27FE67" author="Young" box="[1110,1257,1839,1864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Young, J. O. (1976) The freshwater Turbellaria of the African continent. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 197, 419 - 432." type="journal article" year="1976">Young 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99F764CFFBDFFAE5AAA1F6AFF30FE43" box="[151,254,1875,1900]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE5B311F6AFE10FE43" author="Sluys" box="[268,478,1875,1900]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Sluys, R. & Ball, IR. (1985) On Bothrioplana semperi from Australia, with a review of the species (Platyhelminthes, Proseriata, Bothrioplanidae). Beagle Records of the Museums & Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 2 (1), 129 - 137" type="journal article" year="1985">Sluys & Ball 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), respectively. The head of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBDFFAE59321F6DFC48FE44" box="[783,902,1876,1899]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBDFFAE59321F6DFC48FE44" box="[783,902,1876,1899]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in a square shape with 2 pairs of sensory pits. A pair of round testes is lacated at both sides of the center of pharynx (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE59841F41FB86FEBF" author="Young" box="[953,1096,1912,1936]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Young, J. O. (2001) Keys to the Freshwater Microturbellarians of Britain and Ireland. Freshwater Biological Association, 18, 24 - 25, 54 - 55, 86, 108, 114." type="journal article" year="2001">Young 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBDFFAE5ECA1F4EFF2DFE9B" author="Sluys" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" refString="Sluys, R. & Ball, IR. (1985) On Bothrioplana semperi from Australia, with a review of the species (Platyhelminthes, Proseriata, Bothrioplanidae). Beagle Records of the Museums & Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 2 (1), 129 - 137" type="journal article" year="1985">Sluys and Ball (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the male copulatory system is composed of vas deferens, seminal vesicle and granular vesicle. The granular vesicle enters the copulatory atrium from dorsal side. The female copulatory system has genitor-intestinal duct. In most cases,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBCFFAF5B2118A0FE5AF980" box="[284,404,152,176]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBCFFAF5B2118A0FE5AF980" box="[284,404,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not produce sperm. Even though the sperm are produced, they are abnormal and sterile (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBCFFAF5AA31885FEE6F9FA" author="Dahm" box="[158,296,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" refString="Dahm, AG. (1951) On Bothrioplana semperi M. Braun (Turbellaria: Alloeocoela: Cyclocoela): The taxonomy of the " genera " and of the known " species " of the family Bothrioplanidae. Arkiv Fur Zoologi, 1 (33), 503 - 51." type="journal article" year="1951">Dahm 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C5F76654FFBCFFAF5AAA1EE9FBD3FE2A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260536/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" targetBox="[170,1416,277,1707]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBCFFAF5AAA1EE9FBD3FE2A" blockId="5.[151,1436,1744,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBCFFAF5AAA1EE9FED7FFCA" bold="true" box="[151,281,1744,1766]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBCFFAF5B1B1EE9FDC4FFC9" box="[294,522,1744,1766]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBCFFAF5B1B1EE9FDC4FFC9" box="[294,522,1744,1766]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBCFFAF582B1EE9FD98FFCA" bold="true" box="[534,598,1744,1765]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBCFFAF582B1EE9FD98FFCA" box="[534,598,1744,1765]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: A. body in whole; B. reconstruction of reproductive system, side view; C. reconstruction of reproductive system, ventral view; Scale bars: A=500 µm, B-C=50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBCFFAC5AFA1F0BFB31F833" blockId="5.[151,1437,1841,2010]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,752]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
|
||
In this study, 32
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBCFFAF5BBF1F0BFDB9FE66" box="[386,631,1842,1866]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBCFFAF5BBF1F0BFDB9FE66" box="[386,631,1842,1866]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBCFFAF58431F08FD73FE65" bold="true" box="[638,701,1841,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBCFFAF58431F08FD73FE65" box="[638,701,1841,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
specimens were examined, including 16 mounted specimens and 4 serial section specimens. The head of the new species is arc-shaped. A pair of spherical-shaped testes is located in both sides posterior to the pharynx. The male copulatory system has no granular vesicle. The mature individuals have testes with a large number of mature sperm. The female copularoty system has no genitor-intestinal duct. The paired oviducts and the paired vitelline ducts fuse into a common oviduct ventral-posteriorly and enters the copulatory atrium. The immature individuals have ovaries but no testis, suggesting that the female copulatory system develops earlier than the male’s. Its morphological characteristics are distinct from those of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5F201884FA5BF9FB" box="[1309,1429,189,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5F201884FA5BF9FB" box="[1309,1429,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the molecular phylogenic evidence also supports the classification of this species. Therefore, it is evident that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5B1C193CFE57F833" box="[289,409,261,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5B1C193CFE57F833" box="[289,409,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">B. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5B9D193DFE11F832" bold="true" box="[416,479,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBFFFAC5B9D193DFE11F832" box="[416,479,260,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
described in this study is a new species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5E5E193DFB36F833" box="[1123,1272,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5E5E193DFB36F833" box="[1123,1272,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">Bothrioplana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBFFFAC5AFA191EFD69FB4F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">
|
||
The discovery of well-developed testes and fully functioning sperm in the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5E9B1911FA52F810" box="[1190,1436,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5E9B1911FA52F810" box="[1190,1436,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5AAA1975FF18F84A" bold="true" box="[151,214,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBFFFAC5AAA1975FF18F84A" box="[151,214,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a highly interesting finding from a biological standpoint, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC599F1974FBD5F84B" box="[930,1051,333,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC599F1974FBD5F84B" box="[930,1051,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described as an obligate parthenogen, employing a distinct and only mode of reproduction termed “dioogamy” (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBFFFAC5EF01956FED0F883" author="Martin-Duran" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" refString="Martin-Duran, J. - M. & Egger., B. (2012) Developmental diversity in free-living flatworms. Evodevo, 3, 1 - 7. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1186 / 2041 - 9139 - 3 - 7" type="journal article" year="2012">Martin-Duran and Egger 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5B5F19ACFE14F883" box="[354,474,405,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5B5F19ACFE14F883" box="[354,474,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were occasionally found to demonstrate testes and a copulatory organ, however, even the mature individuals containing a rudimentary male system are incapable of normal spermatogenesis or producing fully functioning sperm (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBFFFAC580D19E5FCDCF8DA" author="Laumer" box="[560,786,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" refString="Laumer, C. - E., Hejnol, A. & Giribet, G. (2015) Nuclear genomic signals of the ' microturbellarian' roots of platyhelminth evolutionary innovation. Elife, 4: e 05503. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.7554 / eLife. 05503" type="journal volume" year="2015">
|
||
Laumer
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC58AF19E4FD03F8DB" box="[658,717,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Another interesting finding is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5EBE19E4FB30F8DB" box="[1155,1278,477,500]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5EBE19E4FB30F8DB" box="[1155,1278,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">B. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5F3A19E5FA86F8DA" bold="true" box="[1287,1352,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBFFFAC5F3A19E5FA86F8DA" box="[1287,1352,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5FB919E4FF3EFB38" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5FB919E4FF3EFB38" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form a clade that is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC58921A39FC5AFB37" box="[687,916,512,536]" class="Trematoda" family="Fasciolidae" genus="Fascioloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="magna">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC58921A39FC5AFB37" box="[687,916,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">Fascioloides magna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is a parasitism species belongs to the subphylum Neodermata. This result is in good agreement with some of the previous studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBFFFAC5EF11A1DFF1CFB4F" author="Baguna" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" refString="Baguna, J. & Riutort, M. (2004) Molecular phylogeny of the Platyhelminthes. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 82, 168 - 193. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 03 - 214" type="journal article" year="2004">Baguñà & Riutort 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBFFFAC5AE01A71FE7BFB4F" author="Laumer" box="[221,437,584,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" refString="Laumer, C. E. & Giribet, G. (2014) Inclusive taxon sampling suggests a single, stepwise origin of ectolecithality in Platyhelminthes. Biological journal of the Linnean Society, 111 (3), 570 - 588. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12236" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Laumer
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5B061A70FEBDFB4F" box="[315,371,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBFFFAC5BFC1A71FD55FB4F" author="Laumer" box="[449,667,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" refString="Laumer, C. - E., Hejnol, A. & Giribet, G. (2015) Nuclear genomic signals of the ' microturbellarian' roots of platyhelminth evolutionary innovation. Elife, 4: e 05503. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.7554 / eLife. 05503" type="journal volume" year="2015">
|
||
Laumer
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC58221A70FD99FB4F" box="[543,599,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="913736DCFFBFFFAC5AFA1A55FCD9FBDF" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">
|
||
Since the aquatic plants of the sampling site were introduced from Foshan,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="534CF83EFFBFFFAC5E7D1A55FB08FBAA" box="[1088,1222,620,645]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||
, it is possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5AAA1AA9FE41FB88" box="[151,399,656,680]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5AAA1AA9FE41FB88" box="[151,399,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">Bothrioplana sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5BA51AB6FE17FB87" bold="true" box="[408,473,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B8CF57B5FFBFFFAC5BA51AB6FE17FB87" box="[408,473,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was originated from wetlands in Foshan. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56884D5FFFBFFFAC5E721AA8FB07FB88" box="[1103,1225,656,680]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bothrioplanidae" genus="Bothrioplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prolecithophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="semperi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5E721AA8FB07FB88" box="[1103,1225,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">B. semperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a cosmopolitan species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F5194B2DFFBFFFAC5ACA1A8DFE78FBE3" author="Tyler" box="[247,438,692,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="215" refString="Tyler, S., Schilling, S., Hooge, M. & Bush, L. (2012) Turbellarian taxonomic database, Version 1. 7. Available from: http: // turbellaria. umaine. edu / (Accessed 28 Oct. 2016)" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Tyler
|
||
<emphasis id="A3FCEACEFFBFFFAC5B011A8CFEA0FBE3" box="[316,366,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="215">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and is suggested to be capable of long distance dispersal. Therefore, the distribution of this new species within the region warrants further study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |