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<mods:title id="235DF7C38771A2785EAC65F107B422B9">Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="60F85B742134B4541084D58AEC83A20C">O'Hara, James E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="44179EEE9B75704E18FA8FFE172C5F88">Cerretti, Pierfilippo</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="502E8399F5C4B759D7E4D0FF24F79AFE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127881103" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:502E8399F5C4B759D7E4D0FF24F79AFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/502E8399F5C4B759D7E4D0FF24F79AFE" lastPageId="249" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="247" pageNumber="248">
<subSubSection id="80BA70B55B3C133619CE6054BAE6E9F7" pageId="247" pageNumber="248" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="396599CB4D09DF1AC60D25EA86C8C5E9" pageId="247" pageNumber="248">Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Tachinidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="784429010BE9839F45793726932668ED" pageId="247" pageNumber="248" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="267EC0AB25FCD7C814CF12C3B2EF4608" pageId="247" pageNumber="248">
<taxonomicName id="58D548B77317266B05094AA0F60F924D" ID-CoL="8CTBP" authority="Mesnil, 1976" authorityName="Mesnil" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Mesnilotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesnilotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="247" pageNumber="248" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Mesnilotrix empiformis (Mesnil, 1976)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1636C21410ACE7D57FB8821863755693" pageId="247" pageNumber="248">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 7
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50BE8FBBAAA93134CF52D7BF1599CC5C" lastPageId="249" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="248" pageNumber="249" type="type material">
<paragraph id="9A4A6E19BEA122C9B9D3F7C4E857F02E" pageId="248" pageNumber="249">
<pageBreakToken id="57067160FBCE06FFC9F5C2AA52E725B2" pageId="248" pageNumber="249" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EBCE1D77EFFD73BEB79C559C956D9D7" lastPageId="249" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="248" pageNumber="249">
Holotype ♂ of
<taxonomicName id="7240059C20021E649364DBBE7F5CB1D9" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="248" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Dexiotrix empiformis</taxonomicName>
Mesnil: &quot;Madagascar Centre/ Ambohitantely 1600m/ det Ankazobe/ B. Stuckenberg&quot;;
<normalizedToken id="10317F4301567FE41514CA2518B85432" originalValue="“6.i.58”">&quot;6.i.58&quot;</normalizedToken>
;
<normalizedToken id="A3C0C6BC4A75808D22DD489DC3F4E90D" originalValue="“TYPE”">&quot;TYPE&quot;</normalizedToken>
<pageBreakToken id="74BFC91524AC3BF44032C50E22A2A869" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" start="start">[</pageBreakToken>
red label]; &quot;
<taxonomicName id="7CF312DCDC9B09EF72D2266524C7CA63" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dexiotrix</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="D12C58BDB4167C8EB9C069987E316790" lsidName="empiformis" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" rank="species" species="empiformis">empiformis</taxonomicName>
Mesn/ L.P. Mesnil det., 1975&quot;; &quot;
<taxonomicName id="0D8DEDC14DC749CA3D8A078BA31823B8" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Mesnilotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesnilotrix" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesnilotrix</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="71186FCE71B5094AA7B64B6A23257AB4" lsidName="empiformis" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" rank="species" species="empiformis">empiformis</taxonomicName>
(Mesnil, 1976)/ Cerretti,
<normalizedToken id="6DB463AE5776317E3AF2440897D7A664" originalValue="O’Hara">O'Hara</normalizedToken>
&amp; Wood det 2014&quot; (MNHN). Paratype ♂: &quot;Ambohitantely/ Tampoketsi 1600m/ Ankazobe/ 27-XII 56 R.E.&quot; (MNHN).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CEE3916A2F47A33B837B9C09CE5F9D8F" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" type="description">
<paragraph id="78A79A50020A71A579D9FE7823986CA3" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C75B0AAE7362BDFAD624607446B7553" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">
See
<bibRefCitation id="CCEAE0EBB62C889B2ABAE0BDB7F0CB75" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">Mesnil (1976</bibRefCitation>
: 48, as
<taxonomicName id="551E2B14DA8A4C1497D7A2FDA8C3D2D2" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Dexiotrix empiformis</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="59854A0769B01B23FCDAB998A7EEE002" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3903C755D5EB2BFAD44F930899BF42E5" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46589DA8DBB7700355196FC66A0620EB" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">
The dexiine genus
<taxonomicName id="BBFAEAC30E5E8751082190A25C8BA21C" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dexiotrix</taxonomicName>
was erected by
<bibRefCitation id="73303F60A3F45D9E1C57EF8FE564BAE4" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">Villeneuve (1936e</bibRefCitation>
: 330) for the single species
<taxonomicName id="27A16A3C99FE02C36AB9EEC663F3D3A8" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix longipennis" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipennis">Dexiotrix longipennis</taxonomicName>
, based on three females from Sichuan (China). The genus remained monotypic until
<bibRefCitation id="F75C6641D29AF002A063DDF7639AFEE1" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">Mesnil (1976</bibRefCitation>
: 48) described
<taxonomicName id="D43CDE79646B300D955B6287FA74480B" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Dexiotrix empiformis</taxonomicName>
based on three males from Madagascar, stressing that &quot;tout en appartenant
<normalizedToken id="DFC246CCA0B999E7E295A0D5A5777CEA" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
une autre
<normalizedToken id="0469D3E70E83549EEC7D457D13BA7A7E" originalValue="espèce">espece</normalizedToken>
, rentrent parfaitement dans le genre
<taxonomicName id="8F9676214A81E7B7E128FAEC775AB324" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dexiotrix</taxonomicName>
Vill.&quot; Mesnil did not provide details supporting this claim except to note that affinities between the faunas of Asia and Madagascar are well known. Nothing further was done on this group until
<bibRefCitation id="D21F2962EE1C522145798398704EFF1D" author="Zhang, C-t" pageId="304" pageNumber="305" url="10.1111/j.1672-9609.2005.00008.x" year="2005">Zhang and Shima (2005)</bibRefCitation>
redefined the dexiine genus
<taxonomicName id="05EDBEA77F31B133D68E5405243F51CB" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trixa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixa" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trixa</taxonomicName>
Meigen to include
<taxonomicName id="F773B9A2223411FBAB1B915946E374AF" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Dexiotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dexiotrix" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dexiotrix</taxonomicName>
and the morphologically similar
<taxonomicName id="1E179929166A913CE1B9E4AC4EDF17D8" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trixella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixella" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trixella</taxonomicName>
Mesnil.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275B8FD2566A4A8AD1FDE7BDEE463C18" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">
<bibRefCitation id="AF34017730781A5A21EB0B76411D6827" author="Zhang, C-t" pageId="304" pageNumber="305" url="10.1111/j.1672-9609.2005.00008.x" year="2005">Zhang and Shima (2005)</bibRefCitation>
formally assigned
<taxonomicName id="972956E358AA51BDCEE3D85B396D5B90" lsidName="empiformis" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" rank="species" species="empiformis">empiformis</taxonomicName>
to the newly defined
<taxonomicName id="2BAEA6B696F707FB6BE9F40CE3A895F8" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trixa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixa" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trixa</taxonomicName>
and included it in their key to the world species of
<taxonomicName id="36342C265AF1BDC15728F0BC6105C9EB" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trixa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixa" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trixa</taxonomicName>
. However, these authors did not examine specimens of
<taxonomicName id="68FA7AFA4F8221EF486E12616D011B33" lsidName="empiformis" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" rank="species" species="empiformis">empiformis</taxonomicName>
and based their characterization of the species in the key on the original description of
<bibRefCitation id="9A127D4E575BFDD285575DAA7649660D" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">Mesnil (1976)</bibRefCitation>
. This may be the reason why
<taxonomicName id="5BB5D6F80803907ED81FC3285EF9DF3B" lsidName="empiformis" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" rank="species" species="empiformis">empiformis</taxonomicName>
does not fully conform to their revised generic diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="E79BE6C6284EB93C0C896B4FDB89B512" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trixa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixa" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trixa</taxonomicName>
. For instance,
<taxonomicName id="CCA1759F243B9CD43BF1DD9C30C588C0" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Mesnilotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesnilotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Mesnilotrix empiformis</taxonomicName>
possesses a narrow and concave face and a short, cylindrical palpus (Fig. 7c). Both these features are strikingly different from those shared by the remaining
<taxonomicName id="F01D04731C1CD74B0A9D7B1F597CBA6E" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trixa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixa" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trixa</taxonomicName>
species sensu
<bibRefCitation id="66E40A690822C2A4AE5356647B32313A" author="Zhang, C-t" pageId="304" pageNumber="305" url="10.1111/j.1672-9609.2005.00008.x" year="2005">Zhang and Shima (2005)</bibRefCitation>
, which have a broad and flat face, and a well-developed, &quot;strongly inflated&quot; palpus.
<taxonomicName id="F003C18C5A9A704ABCBC53F695EB36DF" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Mesnilotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesnilotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Mesnilotrix empiformis</taxonomicName>
is further characterized by: abdomen long, subcylindrical (Fig. 7e), and gently bent ventrally (Fig. 7a); lateral postpronotal seta and presutural supra-alar seta both enormously developed (Fig. 7b); and anterior and posterior lappets of metathoracic spiracle subequal in size. We therefore conclude that morphological evidence does not support the assignment of
<taxonomicName id="52920F24E8A41842D3D4B515ABBECF35" lsidName="empiformis" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" rank="species" species="empiformis">empiformis</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="7F5367968199FFF2F27B531B82032C52" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Trixa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trixa" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trixa</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E27DDB11B76AD6C7C725FB07246BFB8" pageId="249" pageNumber="250">
Shape of the face, palpus, metathoracic spiracular lappets and abdomen are probably derived features that
<taxonomicName id="426279EF8984ABBA8B57451565CFB106" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Mesnilotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesnilotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Mesnilotrix empiformis</taxonomicName>
shares with the Malagasy endemic genus
<taxonomicName id="136811824D6DF1426C6196027C625714" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Chaetodexia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetodexia" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chaetodexia</taxonomicName>
Mesnil (Fig. 3), known from four species. Monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="9A5372AB8450C187BBCE3B32972D41CC" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Chaetodexia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetodexia" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chaetodexia</taxonomicName>
is supported by one probably derived character state in the male; i.e., the presence of a pair of strong median discal setae on abdominal tergites 3-5 which are subparallel, reclined at about 30° to horizontal and crossed (in lateral view) with the erect median marginal setae of the corresponding tergites (see Fig. 3). Moreover, all species of
<taxonomicName id="D702CC34E39D48815EA8002C824EBBE3" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Chaetodexia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetodexia" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chaetodexia</taxonomicName>
possess strong apical and basal scutellar setae (in addition to an even stronger pair of subapical setae) and normally developed outer postpronotal and presutural supra-alar setae.
<taxonomicName id="7058E35642E1517C7A87AB5E9828716B" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Mesnilotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesnilotrix empiformis" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="empiformis">Mesnilotrix empiformis</taxonomicName>
differs by having abdominal tergites 3 and 4 without median discal setae (those on tergite 5 are erect), basal and apical scutellar setae strongly reduced in size (i.e., less than 1/2 the length of subapical setae) and, as mentioned above, outer postpronotal and presutural supra-alar setae both enormously developed. For these reasons we do not believe that
<taxonomicName id="C0A6A2ABC2FC5A625D8A652B4B4C71C5" lsidName="empiformis" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" rank="species" species="empiformis">empiformis</taxonomicName>
should be assigned to the genus
<taxonomicName id="200842282C469AC2235CFB8AD7BDE1D4" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Chaetodexia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetodexia" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chaetodexia</taxonomicName>
, nor to any other named dexiine genus, and thus have chosen to erect the new genus
<taxonomicName id="11315966FA039AE245263B4FD66F0D14" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Mesnilotrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesnilotrix" order="Diptera" pageId="249" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesnilotrix</taxonomicName>
for it.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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