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<mods:title id="F6789AD7ADE0B3FB615733064D3BF0F9">Revision of the status of some genus-level water mite taxa in the families Pionidae Thor, 1900, Aturidae Thor, 1900, and Nudomideopsidae Smith, 1990 (Acari: Hydrachnidiae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03DA87C4FF8E1760FF4C6C05A83CFC45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6109828" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119596546" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6109828" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA87C4FF8E1760FF4C6C05A83CFC45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87C4FF8E1760FF4C6C05A83CFC45" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<subSubSection id="C3696559FF8E1761FF4C6C05A828F9F3" box="[151,564,1636,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8E1761FF4C6C05A828F9F3" blockId="6.[151,564,1636,1662]" box="[151,564,1636,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<heading id="D08481BEFF8E1761FF4C6C05A828F9F3" bold="true" box="[151,564,1636,1662]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FF4C6C05A828F9F3" bold="true" box="[151,564,1636,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8E1761FF356C05A828F9F3" authority="Viets, 1926" authorityName="Viets" authorityYear="1926" box="[238,564,1636,1662]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FF356C05ABB8F9F3" bold="true" box="[238,420,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
Viets, 1926
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696559FF8E1761FF4C6CCAA846F973" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8E1761FF4C6CCAA8A7F952" blockId="6.[151,921,1706,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8E1761FF4C6CCAABD5F94D" ID-CoL="6QQD" authority="(Pionacercopsis)" baseAuthorityName="Pionacercopsis" box="[151,457,1706,1728]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FF4C6CCAAB09F94D" box="[151,277,1707,1728]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Pionacercus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FEF86CCAABA2F94D" box="[291,446,1707,1728]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B23FF8E1761FE0F6CCBA844F94D" author="Cook" box="[468,600,1706,1728]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" refString="Cook, D. R. (1974 a) Water mite genera and subgenera. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 21, 1 - 860." type="journal article" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Cook, 1974a</bibRefCitation>
, pp. 285286, figs. 1204, 1205.
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8E1761FF4C6CABAB09F952" ID-CoL="6QQD" box="[151,277,1738,1759]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FF4C6CABAB09F952" box="[151,277,1738,1759]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Pionacercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in part):
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B23FF8E1761FEA16CA8ABE4F952" author="Smith" box="[378,504,1737,1759]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" refString="Smith, I. M. (1976) A study of the systematics of the water mite family Pionidae (Prostigmata: Parasitengona). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 98, 1 - 249." type="journal article" year="1976">Smith, 1976</bibRefCitation>
, pp. 4446, 7981.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8E1761FF4C6C88A846F973" blockId="6.[151,921,1706,1790]" box="[151,602,1768,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8E1761FF4C6C88ABC9F973" authority="Gerecke, 2014" authorityName="Gerecke" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,469,1768,1790]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FF4C6C88AB2EF973" box="[151,306,1769,1790]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
: Gerecke, 2014
</taxonomicName>
, p. 59, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696559FF8E1760FF4C6D4BAB56FD95" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8E1761FF4C6D4BABFFF8CE" blockId="6.[151,1437,1834,2003]" box="[151,483,1834,1859]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FF4C6D4BAB79F8CE" bold="true" box="[151,357,1834,1859]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
Diagnosis.
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FEC36D4AAB40F8CF" bold="true" box="[280,348,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Larva</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8E1760FF1C6D2FAB56FD95" blockId="6.[151,1437,1834,2003]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,968]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8E1761FF1C6D2FAB0EF8EA" bold="true" box="[199,274,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="117">Adults</emphasis>
(modified from
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B23FF8E1761FE336D2FA867F8EA" author="Cook" box="[488,635,1870,1895]" pageId="6" pageNumber="117" refString="Cook, D. R. (1974 a) Water mite genera and subgenera. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 21, 1 - 860." type="journal article" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Cook 1974a</bibRefCitation>
): Character states of subfamily Foreliinae. Idiosoma with dorsal integument mostly soft and bearing only tiny platelets associated with glandularia and idiosomal setae. Venter with coxal plates and genital field incorporated into a ventral shield in males, but surrounded by soft integument bearing only tiny sclerites associated with glandularia and idiosomal setae in females. Fourth coxal plate with medial edge short but not reduced to angle in males, reduced to angle in females. Genital field with three pairs of relatively large acetabula borne on ventral shield flanking gonopore in males and on triangular acetabular plates flanking gonopore in females, extending laterally to but not beyond posterolateral angles of fourth coxal plates. Pedipalp segments long and slender and with tibia bearing two slender, sessile setae ventrally and a sessile, peg-like seta distomedially in males, and shorter and more stocky and with tibia bearing two slender setae on a small projection ventrally and a sessile, peg-like seta distomedially in females. Male third leg with tarsus bearing reduced claw sockets that are terminal in position and small but only slightly modified claws; fourth leg with genu short, slightly expanded, and bearing patches of thick, blade-like setae both at the base of and on a prominent distoventral projection, tibia relatively long and slender and bearing a row of swimming setae distodorsally, tarsus curved dorsally, bearing a patch of thick, peg-like setae only in region proximal to deepest part of curved portion, and bearing thick, highly modified claws.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696559FF8F1760FF1C6845AF69FD08" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8F1760FF1C6845A850FDB0" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,968]" box="[199,588,548,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FF1C6845AB7EFDB0" bold="true" box="[199,354,548,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<typeStatus id="54C88870FF8F1760FF1C6845AB1EFDB0" box="[199,258,548,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FEB26845A850FDB0" authority="Koch." authorityName="Koch." box="[361,588,548,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Tiphys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vatrax">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FEB26845A81DFDB1" box="[361,513,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Tiphys vatrax</emphasis>
Koch.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8F1760FF1C6826AF69FD08" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FF1C6826AB89FDED" bold="true" box="[199,405,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Species included.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FE456828A8EFFDED" authority="Koch" authorityName="Koch" box="[414,755,583,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vatrax">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FE456828A887FDED" box="[414,667,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercopsis vatrax</emphasis>
(Koch)
</taxonomicName>
(northern Europe) (monobasic) but there is an undescribed species of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FED6680CABA5FD09" box="[269,441,621,644]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FED6680CABA5FD09" box="[269,441,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from northern
<collectingCountry id="F3647642FF8F1760FDB8680DA8ABFD08" box="[611,695,620,645]" name="Canada" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Canada</collectingCountry>
in the Canadian National Collection of Insects and Arachnids.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696559FF8F1760FF1C68EEA8E4FD25" box="[199,760,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8F1760FF1C68EEA8E4FD25" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,968]" box="[199,760,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FF1C68EEAB7CFD25" bold="true" box="[199,352,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Distribution.</emphasis>
Holarctic (Europe, North
<collectingCountry id="F3647642FF8F1760FD5C68EEA8F1FD25" box="[647,749,655,680]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">America</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696559FF8F1760FF1C68D5A83CFC45" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCC36D2FF8F1760FF1C68D5A83CFC45" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FF1C68D5AB50FD40" bold="true" box="[199,332,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Discussion.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B23FF8F1760FE8E68D5ABEFFD41" author="Cook" box="[341,499,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" refString="Cook, D. R. (1974 a) Water mite genera and subgenera. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 21, 1 - 860." type="journal article" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Cook (1974a)</bibRefCitation>
treated
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FD8868D4A8E3FD41" box="[595,767,693,716]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FD8868D4A8E3FD41" box="[595,767,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FC0868D4AE42FD41" box="[979,1118,693,716]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FC0868D4AE42FD41" box="[979,1118,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B23FF8F1760FBB568D5AF1AFD40" author="Smith" box="[1134,1286,692,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" refString="Smith, I. M. (1976) A study of the systematics of the water mite family Pionidae (Prostigmata: Parasitengona). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 98, 1 - 249." type="journal article" year="1976">Smith (1976)</bibRefCitation>
included the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FECB68B8ABA0FD7D" box="[272,444,729,752]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FECB68B8ABA0FD7D" box="[272,444,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in his concept of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FD5768B8A90BFD7D" box="[652,791,729,752]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FD5768B8A90BFD7D" box="[652,791,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without discussing subgenera. Gerecke (2014) proposed elevation of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FEF8689CABD3FC99" box="[291,463,765,788]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FEF8689CABD3FC99" box="[291,463,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to full generic rank. We follow that treatment here based on the apomorphic condition of the distal segments of the fourth leg in males and the unique configuration of the genital field in both sexes. The modifications to the distal segments of the fourth leg of males are similar to those found in males of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FF4C6906AB02FC0D" box="[151,286,871,896]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Madawaska" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FF4C6906AB02FC0D" box="[151,286,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Madawaska</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above) suggesting that members of the two genera may be closely related. The phylogenetic affinities of
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FEC569ECABD6FC29" box="[286,458,909,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Pionacercopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FEC569ECABD6FC29" box="[286,458,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Pionacercopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C734D51FF8F1760FDD269EDA88CFC28" box="[521,656,908,933]" class="Arachnida" family="Pionidae" genus="Madawaska" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAC0FF8F1760FDD269EDA88CFC28" box="[521,656,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Madawaska</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other Foreliinae will be better understood when adults and larvae of additional species are described.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>