treatments-xml/data/03/DA/87/03DA87B5FFFC8E6FFF49F9F42A7E57FF.xml

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<mods:title id="F51D680C4AD7229830DCB244268E3F6B">Molecular and morphological assessment of Delma australis Kluge (Squamata: Pygopodidae), with a description of a new species from the biodiversity ‘ hotspot’ of southwestern Western Australia</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3696528FFFC8E74FF49F9F42A7C5279" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFFC8E74FF49F9F42AB55234" blockId="15.[151,498,1547,1643]" box="[151,498,1547,1574]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<heading id="D08481CFFFFC8E74FF49F9F42AB55234" bold="true" box="[151,498,1547,1574]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFFC8E74FF49F9F42AB55234" authority="Kluge, 1974" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,498,1547,1574]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFFC8E74FF49F9F42AB55234" bold="true" box="[151,498,1547,1574]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFFC8E74FF49F9F42A115237" bold="true" box="[151,342,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Delma australis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFFC8E74FE83F9F32AB55234" author="Kluge" box="[349,498,1548,1574]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" refString="Kluge, A. G. (1974) A taxonomic revision of the lizard family Pygopodidae. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 152, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1974">Kluge, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFFC8E74FF49F9D12A385255" blockId="15.[151,498,1547,1643]" box="[151,383,1582,1607]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
Marble-faced 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFFC8E74FEEAF9D12A385255" box="[308,383,1582,1607]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Delma</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFFC8E74FF49F9AD2A7C5279" blockId="15.[151,498,1547,1643]" box="[151,315,1618,1643]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
(
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFFC8E74FF41F9AD2BA95279" box="[159,238,1618,1643]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,274,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[178,1408,265,1760]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Preserved holotype WAM R 27359 of D. australis and head scalation in (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views; F = frontals, L = loreals, LL = lower labials, M = mental, O = occipital, P = parietals, PN = postnasals, PF = prefrontals, R = rostral, SP = supraciliaries, SL = supraloreals, SN = supranasals, SO = supraoculars, UL = upper labials, T = upper temporals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244613/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFFC8E74FF24F9AC2A4D5278" box="[250,266,1619,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">7</figureCitation>
, 11)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFFC8E74FF49F9652AD852C5" blockId="15.[151,1436,1690,2003]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFFC8E74FF49F9652A4A52A1" bold="true" box="[151,269,1690,1715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<typeStatus id="54C88801FFFC8E74FF49F9652A4F52A1" box="[151,264,1690,1715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED62AE66FFFC8E74FEC9F9642A1B52A1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" box="[279,348,1691,1715]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">WAM</collectionCode>
R27359, male, Port Lincoln (
<geoCoordinate id="EE475064FFFC8E74FD69F964284A52A1" box="[695,781,1691,1715]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" precision="925" value="-34.733334">34º44'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE475064FFFC8E74FCC9F96528C752A1" box="[791,896,1690,1715]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" precision="925" value="135.86667">135º52'E</geoCoordinate>
), South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFFC8E74FC3FF9652F0D52A1" box="[993,1098,1690,1715]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFFC8E74FB86F9652F8652A1" box="[1112,1217,1690,1715]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Australia</collectingCountry>
, collected by G.M. Storr, 
<date id="FFCD1063FFFC8E74FF05F9402ADD52C5" box="[219,410,1726,1751]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" value="1966-10-19">19 October 1966</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFFC8E74FF19F91D2E2352E9" blockId="15.[151,1436,1690,2003]" box="[199,1380,1762,1787]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFFC8E74FF19F91D2A7A52E9" bold="true" box="[199,317,1762,1787]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<typeStatus id="54C88801FFFC8E74FF19F91D2A7F52E9" box="[199,312,1762,1787]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED62AE66FFFC8E74FE9AF91C2AC152E9" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" box="[324,390,1763,1787]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34981" name="Western Australian Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">WAM</collectionCode>
R24528, female, 
<quantity id="4C8B9B46FFFC8E74FD8EF91C29D052E9" box="[592,663,1762,1787]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" unit="km" value="37.0">37 km</quantity>
ENE of Wirrula (
<geoCoordinate id="EE475064FFFC8E74FC81F91C28F252E9" box="[863,949,1763,1787]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" precision="925" value="-32.366665">32º22'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE475064FFFC8E74FC62F91D2F6252E9" box="[956,1061,1762,1787]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" precision="925" value="134.9">134º54'E</geoCoordinate>
), South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFFC8E74FB5FF91D2FAC52E9" box="[1153,1259,1762,1787]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFFC8E74FB28F91D2E2752E9" box="[1270,1376,1762,1787]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFFC8E74FF19F8F92FA8530C" blockId="15.[151,1436,1690,2003]" box="[199,1263,1798,1823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFFC8E74FF19F8F92AB3530D" bold="true" box="[199,500,1798,1823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Other material examined</emphasis>
: A full list of material examined is provided at the end of the paper.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFFC8E6BFF19F8D52F1B54C7" blockId="15.[151,1436,1690,2003]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFFC8E74FF19F8D52AE55351" bold="true" box="[199,418,1834,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Revised diagnosis.</emphasis>
A small species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFFC8E74FD58F8D529965351" box="[646,721,1834,1859]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFFC8E74FD58F8D529965351" box="[646,721,1834,1859]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Delma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED62AE66FFFC8E74FD3FF8D4285F5351" box="[737,792,1835,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">SVL</collectionCode>
to 
<quantity id="4C8B9B46FFFC8E74FCE0F8D428D75351" box="[830,912,1835,1859]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" unit="mm" value="93.0">93 mm</quantity>
) with: ventral scales not markedly larger than adjacent lateral scales; one pair of supranasals; typically 18 midbody scales; 68–92 ventral scales (males average 76.3, females 83.5); six upper labials typically with fourth below eye; loreal scale row typically interrupted by a ventral extension of supraloreal scale that contacts upper labials; modally 5‒7 hindlimb scales in both sexes; strong dark variegations on upper surface of head; narrow dark bars on side of head (extending onto labial scales), nape and forebody. This revised diagnosis is essentially unchanged from those provided by previous authors (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE38E6BFA88FF682B9454C6" author="Kluge" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Kluge, A. G. (1974) A taxonomic revision of the lizard family Pygopodidae. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 152, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1974">Kluge 1974</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE38E6BFF03FF432AD054C6" author="Storr" box="[221,407,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. &amp; Johnstone, R. E. (1990) Lizards of Western Australia. III. Geckos &amp; Pygopods. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 141 pp." type="book" year="1990">
Storr 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE38E6BFEC2FF422A1354C7" box="[284,340,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">et al.</emphasis>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE38E6BFE7CFF43295D54C6" author="Shea" box="[418,538,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991</bibRefCitation>
), despite the exclusion herein of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE38E6BFC52FF4228BB54C7" box="[908,1020,188,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebesa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE38E6BFC52FF4228BB54C7" box="[908,1020,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">D. hebesa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23457CAFFE38E6BFBDDFF432F1B54C7" box="[1027,1116,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE38E6BFBDDFF432F1B54C7" bold="true" box="[1027,1116,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C662BFFE38E6BFF49F8EE2E015377" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244613/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" targetBox="[188,1397,274,1747]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE38E6BFF49F8EE2E015377" blockId="16.[151,1436,1809,1893]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE38E6BFF49F8EE2A525335" bold="true" box="[151,277,1809,1831]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Preserved holotype WAM R27359 of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE38E6BFD72F8ED28605335" box="[684,807,1809,1831]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE38E6BFD72F8ED28605335" box="[684,807,1809,1831]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and head scalation in (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views; F = frontals, L = loreals, LL = lower labials, M = mental, O = occipital, P = parietals, PN = postnasals, PF = prefrontals, R = rostral, SP = supraciliaries, SL = supraloreals, SN = supranasals, SO = supraoculars, UL = upper labials, T = upper temporals.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0C662BFFE28E6AFF49FBD62F0350A8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" targetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE28E6AFF49FBD62F0350A8" blockId="17.[151,1436,1065,1210]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFF49FBD62A52502D" bold="true" box="[151,277,1065,1087]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Adult 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE28E6AFEBCFBD52A9B502D" box="[354,476,1065,1087]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFEBCFBD52A9B502D" box="[354,476,1065,1087]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images‒A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE28E6AFF19FB192EC5520D" blockId="17.[151,1436,1254,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE28E6AFF19FB192A3A50ED" box="[199,381,1254,1279]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFF19FB192A3A50ED" box="[199,381,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Delma australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the closely related 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE28E6AFD31FB18283450EC" box="[751,883,1255,1278]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torquata">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFD31FB18283450EC" box="[751,883,1255,1278]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">D. torquata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of southeastern Queensland in: larger adult size (
<collectionCode id="ED62AE66FFE28E6AFF40FAF42B925131" box="[158,213,1291,1315]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">SVL</collectionCode>
to 
<quantity id="4C8B9B46FFE28E6AFEDEFAF42A155130" box="[256,338,1291,1315]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="mm" value="93.0">93 mm</quantity>
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFE82FAF42AE35130" box="[348,420,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
to 
<quantity id="4C8B9B46FFE28E6AFE10FAF529635131" box="[462,548,1290,1315]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="mm" value="63.0">63 mm</quantity>
); three precloacal scales (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFC8CFAF428DE5130" box="[850,921,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
two); the fourth upper labial scale typically below the eye (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFE95FAD02AD55154" box="[331,402,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
typically the third below the eye); modally 18 midbody scale rows (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFB6EFAD02FB05154" box="[1200,1271,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
16); and dark variegations or narrow bars (if present) on head, neck and forebody (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFC74FAAC28B65178" box="[938,1009,1363,1386]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
broad dark bands). It differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE28E6AFA5FFAAC2BA2519D" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebesa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFA5FFAAC2BA2519D" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">D. hebesa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23457CAFFE28E6AFF33FA892A0F519D" box="[237,328,1398,1423]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFF33FA892A0F519D" bold="true" box="[237,328,1398,1423]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
in: hindlimb scale counts in both sexes modally 5‒7 (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFC6CFA8828BD519C" box="[946,1018,1399,1422]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
&gt; 9); body colour brownish on head and tail (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFF24FA642A0551A0" box="[250,322,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
greyish on head and tail); head, nape and lateral scales of forebody with strong dark variegations or narrow barring (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFE88FA402AD951C4" box="[342,414,1471,1494]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
weak variegations); dark barring on head typically extends ventrally onto the chin and throat (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFF37FA1C2A7751E8" box="[233,304,1507,1530]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
indistinct dark bars or smudges present on the lower labials); and dark pigment on rostral and lower labials not aligned with sutures (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFDDAF9F8290C520C" box="[516,587,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">versus</emphasis>
dark smudges positioned over sutures between rostral and lower labials).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696528FFE28E69FF19F9D5289053AC" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE28E6AFF19F9D52EC85275" blockId="17.[151,1436,1254,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE28E6AFF19F9D52A9A5251" bold="true" box="[199,477,1578,1603]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="54C88801FFE28E6AFEA8F9D52A9A5251" box="[374,477,1578,1603]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE28E6AFE35F9D529685251" box="[491,559,1578,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,274,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[178,1408,265,1760]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Preserved holotype WAM R 27359 of D. australis and head scalation in (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views; F = frontals, L = loreals, LL = lower labials, M = mental, O = occipital, P = parietals, PN = postnasals, PF = prefrontals, R = rostral, SP = supraciliaries, SL = supraloreals, SN = supranasals, SO = supraoculars, UL = upper labials, T = upper temporals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244613/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Measurements (in mm) and meristic values, as determined during this study: SVL 65, HD 3.5, HL 7.5, HW 5.0, HLL 3.2, ML 4.7, RL 1.0, RW 1.7, SL 2.8, EW 1.3, HLS 10, 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE28E6AFB0DF9B02E495275" box="[1235,1294,1615,1639]" name="Egypt" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">MSR</collectingCountry>
19, VE 71.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE28E6AFF11F98D28245309" blockId="17.[151,1436,1254,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Head short and blunt, narrowing very gradually forward of eyes, of equal width to body posteriorly; obvious tympanic aperture, indicated by round opening directly posterior to corner of mouth; snout blunt and rounded in dorsal profile, rounded in lateral profile; body moderately robust of equal width and round in cross-section; hindlimbs visible as well-developed elongate, rounded flaps adpressed to body at lateral extremes of vent; tail relatively short, tapering very gradually distally to a pointed tip.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE28E69FF19F8D92EDB5576" blockId="17.[151,1436,1254,2035]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
Head scales smooth, non-imbricate and heterogeneous; large rostral blunt anteriorly, wider than long, with obtuse apex projecting between supranasals; one pair of supranasals in broad contact, angled backwards posteromedially behind rostral and in short contact with first upper labial anterior to nostril; nostril positioned on posterior junction of supranasal with first upper labial and postnasal; one postnasal, much wider than high and narrower posteriorly, slightly angled posteroventrally and in broad contact with second upper labial; prefrontals symmetrical, in broad contact; one supraloreal, much higher than wide and in broad contact with second upper labial; four loreals, the anterior most much larger; five supraciliaries, first and fourth the smallest, second the largest; two supraoculars, first slightly larger and wider than second; two frontals, the posterior most slightly wider and larger; two parietals, one on left side fused (partial suture evident) with upper temporal; occipital present; two upper temporals; six upper labials, fourth the widest and positioned below eye, third the smallest and fifth the highest; five lower labials, second the largest and widest, fifth the smallest; mental wider than long with suture starting half-way along the first upper labial. General form of head and details of scalation illustrated in 
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FAFEFEB32E275577" box="[1312,1376,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,274,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[178,1408,265,1760]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Preserved holotype WAM R 27359 of D. australis and head scalation in (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views; F = frontals, L = loreals, LL = lower labials, M = mental, O = occipital, P = parietals, PN = postnasals, PF = prefrontals, R = rostral, SP = supraciliaries, SL = supraloreals, SN = supranasals, SO = supraoculars, UL = upper labials, T = upper temporals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244613/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A, B.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE18E69FF19FE902F3255BF" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Body scales smooth, non-imbricate, homogeneous, and arranged in parallel longitudinal rows; ventral scales only very marginally wider than the adjacent lateral body scales; three precloacal scales.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE18E69FF19FE4828E05672" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
After more than 40 years in preservative (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FD6CFE4829BE55C2" box="[690,761,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,274,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[178,1408,265,1760]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Preserved holotype WAM R 27359 of D. australis and head scalation in (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views; F = frontals, L = loreals, LL = lower labials, M = mental, O = occipital, P = parietals, PN = postnasals, PF = prefrontals, R = rostral, SP = supraciliaries, SL = supraloreals, SN = supranasals, SO = supraoculars, UL = upper labials, T = upper temporals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244613/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
), the 
<typeStatus id="54C88801FFE18E69FCE0FE4828E755C2" box="[830,928,439,464]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is light brown on the dorsal surface with a slightly darker head bearing dense black variegations. Lower labials whitish with distinct black bars positioned centrally on first to third lower labial scales. Black bars continue on to corner of mouth, around ear opening and on the lateral scales of forebody. A faint dark bar is also present within mental scale. Dark bars extend ventrally onto chin and throat. Ventral surface under head and along body is whitish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE18E69FF19FD93288757FF" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FF19FD9329F15697" bold="true" box="[199,694,620,645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Variation in measurements and scalation.</emphasis>
<tableCitation id="C6F10318FFE18E69FD63FD9328575697" box="[701,784,620,645]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,239,1329,1352]" captionText="TABLE 5. Descriptive statistics for D. hebesa sp. nov. and each of three regional populations of D. australis. Values shown are the sample size (N), the mean, ± one standard deviation (S. D.), and the minimum (Min.) and maximum (Max.) values. See Material and Methods for abbreviations of measurements and counts." pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Table 5</tableCitation>
presents the means, standard deviations and ranges of the characters counted and measured for each of the three geographic populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FBBBFD6E2FA856BA" box="[1125,1263,655,680]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FBBBFD6E2FA856BA" box="[1125,1263,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as defined in Material and Methods. Data are presented separately for each sex. Most head scales in 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FB83FD4A2FA756DF" box="[1117,1248,692,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FB83FD4A2FA756DF" box="[1117,1248,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
display minimal intraspecific variation. However, the condition of the supraloreal (described as a prefrontal by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FAC8FD282ED356E2" author="Shea" box="[1302,1428,727,752]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991</bibRefCitation>
) extending ventrally to contact the upper labials, thereby interrupting the row of small loreals, is variable in this species. The most common condition is contact with the upper labials, as noted by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FB91FCDF2E50572A" author="Storr" box="[1103,1303,799,824]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. &amp; Johnstone, R. E. (1990) Lizards of Western Australia. III. Geckos &amp; Pygopods. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 141 pp." type="book" year="1990">
Storr 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FB51FCDE2F8E572A" box="[1167,1225,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">et al.</emphasis>
(1990
</bibRefCitation>
: 115), 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FABBFCE02A5C574F" author="Shea" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea (1991: 115)</bibRefCitation>
and shown in 
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FE19FCBB296F574F" box="[455,552,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,274,1747]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[178,1408,265,1760]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Preserved holotype WAM R 27359 of D. australis and head scalation in (A) dorsal and (B) lateral views; F = frontals, L = loreals, LL = lower labials, M = mental, O = occipital, P = parietals, PN = postnasals, PF = prefrontals, R = rostral, SP = supraciliaries, SL = supraloreals, SN = supranasals, SO = supraoculars, UL = upper labials, T = upper temporals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244613/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Figure 6</figureCitation>
B. Our examination of 
<specimenCount id="9D75FD2AFFE18E69FCEDFCBB288A574F" box="[819,973,836,861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="generic">97 specimens</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FC28FCBA2F3B574F" box="[1014,1148,836,861]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FC28FCBA2F3B574F" box="[1014,1148,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Western and South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE18E69FF49FC982BB95792" box="[151,254,871,896]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Australia</collectingCountry>
recorded the supraloreal (sometimes the postnasal and prefrontal) contacting the upper labials in over 70% of specimens. The opposing condition of no contact between the supraloreal and upper labial scales was mostly caused by the presence of either one large loreal (sometimes with elongate postnasal), or two smaller loreals extending continuously from the postnasal to the subocular upper labial.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE18E69FF19FC0728B25103" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
We observed 0‒5 loreals in this species, with one loreal being the typical condition, as reported by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FAFAFC072BA35025" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. &amp; Johnstone, R. E. (1990) Lizards of Western Australia. III. Geckos &amp; Pygopods. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 141 pp." type="book">
Storr 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FABDFC062EDB5002" box="[1379,1436,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">et al.</emphasis>
(1990)
</bibRefCitation>
. Most specimens had six upper labials with the 4th below the eye but we saw occasional individuals with five (3rd below the eye) or seven (5th below the eye), mostly unilaterally. Over 70% of specimens examined had the typical 18 midbody scales. Most others had 20 midbody scales, with occasional counts of 17 and 19, corresponding to the range given by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FE4EFB71291850B4" box="[400,607,1165,1190]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. &amp; Johnstone, R. E. (1990) Lizards of Western Australia. III. Geckos &amp; Pygopods. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 141 pp." type="book">
Storr 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FE0EFB71294D50B4" box="[464,522,1165,1190]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">et al.</emphasis>
(1990)
</bibRefCitation>
. One specimen (SAMA R36487) has extensively fused head scales, with the supraloreal and prefrontal fused on the left side only and only four upper labials on the right side. The longest tail measured was 
<quantity id="4C8B9B46FFE18E69FEAFFB2A2A9550FF" box="[369,466,1237,1262]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" unit="mm" value="162.0">162 mm</quantity>
(245% of SVL) on WAM R 
<date id="FFCD1063FFE18E69FCFBFB2A283C50FC" box="[805,891,1237,1262]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" value="67-11-26">112667</date>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FC56FB2A2F1750FC" author="Kluge" box="[904,1104,1237,1262]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Kluge, A. G. (1974) A taxonomic revision of the lizard family Pygopodidae. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 152, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1974">Kluge (1974: 78)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FB50FB292E1C50FC" author="Storr" box="[1166,1371,1237,1262]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. &amp; Johnstone, R. E. (1990) Lizards of Western Australia. III. Geckos &amp; Pygopods. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 141 pp." type="book" year="1990">
Storr 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FB0EFB292E4B50FC" box="[1232,1292,1237,1262]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">et al.</emphasis>
(1990
</bibRefCitation>
: 115) illustrate the general form of the head and details of scalation of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FCB4FB0528A95100" box="[874,1006,1273,1298]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FCB4FB0528A95100" box="[874,1006,1273,1298]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE18E69FF19FAE229CE528C" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FF19FAE229C35124" bold="true" box="[199,644,1309,1334]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Variation in colouration and pattern.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FD52FAE2282C5124" author="Shea" box="[652,875,1309,1334]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea (1991: 72‒73)</bibRefCitation>
documented geographic variation in the intensity of the head pattern in this species in South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE18E69FD53FABE29B05148" box="[653,759,1345,1370]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Australia</collectingCountry>
. He distinguished and mapped a ‘patterned’ form from the southern half and northwest of the state (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FDB9FA9A29ED516C" box="[615,682,1381,1406]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FD10FA992821516C" author="Cogger" box="[718,870,1382,1406]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Cogger, H. G. (2014) Reptiles &amp; Amphibians of Australia. Seventh Edition. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 1033 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1086 / 678659" type="book" year="2014">Cogger 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 388) and an ‘unpatterned’ form from the western Lake Eyre drainage (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FE5FFA762A8251B0" box="[385,453,1417,1442]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B). The 
<typeStatus id="54C88801FFE18E69FDFEFA7629C551B0" box="[544,642,1417,1442]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 15 
<typeStatus id="54C88801FFE18E69FD02FA75280051B0" box="[732,839,1418,1442]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FCB2FA7528B651B0" box="[876,1009,1417,1442]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FCB2FA7528B651B0" box="[876,1009,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Eyre Peninsula (south of the Gawler Ranges) in South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE18E69FE66FA52295951D4" box="[440,542,1453,1478]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FDF3FA5229F451D4" author="Kluge" box="[557,691,1453,1478]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Kluge, A. G. (1974) A taxonomic revision of the lizard family Pygopodidae. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 152, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1974">Kluge 1974</bibRefCitation>
) are considered representative of the ‘patterned’ form (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FAC3FA522B9F51F8" author="Shea" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">
Shea 1991: 
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FF49FA2E2B9F51F8" box="[151,216,1489,1514]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1140,1162]" captionTargetBox="[190,1354,220,1117]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[190,1409,194,1125]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood tree based on the combined mitochondrial (ND 2 and flanking tRNAs, 16 S) and nuclear genes (RAG 1, MXRA 5, DYNLL 1, C-mos) showing relationships among the D. australis species-group, and the outgroup species D. butleri and D. concinna. This tree highlights the paraphyly of D. australis sensu lato, with respect to D. torquata, and identifies D. hebesa sp. nov. as sister taxa to a D. australis + D. torquata clade. Values indicated at branches are Bayesian posterior probabilities / maximum likelihood bootstrap support." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244608/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
) in having strong dark variegations on the head, although the pattern is reduced, particularly laterally, in a few specimens. The ‘patterned’ form is contiguous and similar to populations in northwestern Victoria and southwestern New South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE18E69FE67F9E62ABA5220" box="[441,509,1561,1586]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Wales</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FDD3F9E529955220" author="Swan" box="[525,722,1561,1586]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Swan, G., Shea, G. &amp; Sadlier, R. (2004) A Field Guide to Reptiles of New South Wales. Second Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 302 pp." type="book" year="2004">
Swan 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FD8BF9E529C95220" box="[597,654,1561,1586]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
: 49; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FCD4F9E52F625220" author="Swan" box="[778,1061,1561,1586]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Swan, M. &amp; Watharow, S. (2005) Snakes, Lizards and Frogs of the Victorian Mallee. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 91 pp." type="book" year="2005">Swan &amp; Watharow 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 26; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FB83F9E62E115220" author="Wilson" box="[1117,1366,1561,1586]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Wilson, S. &amp; Swan, G. (2013) A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia. Fourth Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 592 pp." type="book" year="2013">Wilson &amp; Swan 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 145). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FF49F9C22A1D5244" author="Kluge" box="[151,346,1597,1622]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Kluge, A. G. (1974) A taxonomic revision of the lizard family Pygopodidae. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 152, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1974">Kluge (1974: 78)</bibRefCitation>
illustrates a preserved adult male specimen (SAMA R10375) of the ‘patterned’ form from near Kokatha in South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE18E69FEB2F99E2A915268" box="[364,470,1633,1658]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Australia</collectingCountry>
. In addition, strongly patterned individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FC2BF99D2F3B5268" box="[1013,1148,1633,1658]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FC2BF99D2F3B5268" box="[1013,1148,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been illustrated by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FF49F97A2A37528C" author="Ehmann" box="[151,368,1669,1694]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Ehmann, H. (1992) Encyclopedia of Australian Animals. Reptiles. Angus &amp; Robertson, Sydney, 495 pp." type="book" year="1992">Ehmann (1992: 87)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FE79F97A29C2528C" author="Henkel" box="[423,645,1669,1694]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Henkel, F. W. (2010) Terralog Vol. 10: Geckos of Australia. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 160 pp." type="book" year="2010">Henkel (2010: 141)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE18E69FF19F955289053AC" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
Western Australian populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FD83F95529A152D0" box="[605,742,1705,1730]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FD83F95529A152D0" box="[605,742,1705,1730]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also display geographic patterning in colouration. Strongly patterned individuals with dark variegations and narrow bars on the lateral scales of forebody occur throughout the eastern Coolgardie Goldfields (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FDCEF90E291C5318" box="[528,603,1777,1802]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C) and Mallee bioregions (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FC74F90E28B25318" box="[938,1013,1777,1802]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
D) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE18E69FBF4F90E2ED75318" author="Thackway" box="[1066,1424,1777,1802]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" refString="Thackway, R. &amp; Cresswell, I. D. (1995) An Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia: A Framework for Setting Priorities in the National Reserves System Cooperative Program Version 4.0. Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Reserves Systems Unit, Canberra." type="book" year="1995">Thackway &amp; Cresswell 1995</bibRefCitation>
). Particularly strongly patterned individuals are found on the Houtman Abrolhos (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FBE3F8EA2FC4533C" box="[1085,1155,1813,1838]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
E), while the population found to the immediate north around Shark Bay has very reduced patterning, with some individuals almost having dark brown uniform heads (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FE08F8A2295B5364" box="[470,540,1885,1910]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
F), similar in many respects to the unpatterned form from South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE18E69FADBF8A22E285364" box="[1285,1391,1885,1910]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Australia</collectingCountry>
. By contrast, a unique representative of the group (WAM R132470) from the North West Cape has a rich brick-red body with an intensely black head flecked with small pale spots (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE18E69FCAEF85A28F453AC" box="[880,947,1957,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1065,1087]" captionTargetBox="[240,1347,198,1038]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1349,193,1044]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult D. australis photographed in life from (A) Cowell, Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, (B) 14 km NW of Coober Pedy, South Australia, (C) Buningonia Spring, Coolgardie Goldfields bioregion, Western Australia, (D) 30 km NW of Salmon Gums, Mallee bioregion, Western Australia, (E) Rat Island, Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia, (F) 22 km WSW of Hamelin Homestead, Shark Bay and (G) Cape Range, North West Cape, Western Australia, showing the variation in body colouration and intensity of head pattern (images ‒ A, B, C, E, F, G: B. Maryan, D: R. Lloyd)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244614/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
G).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696528FFE18E6FFF19F8362A27560A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE18E68FF19F8362E0455BF" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FF19F836294C53F0" bold="true" box="[199,523,1993,2018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Distribution and sympatry.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE18E69FDCCF836298153F0" box="[530,710,1993,2018]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="319" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE18E69FDCCF836298153F0" box="[530,710,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="319">Delma australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widespread throughout the subhumid to arid areas of southern 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FF49FF682A4654A2" box="[151,257,151,176]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
, from northwestern Victoria, and southwestern New South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FC79FF6828A954A2" box="[935,1006,151,176]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Wales</collectingCountry>
, through most of South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FADAFF682E2D54A2" box="[1284,1386,151,176]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
and adjacent southern Northern Territory to southern and central west Western 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FC25FF432F2554C7" box="[1019,1122,188,213]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FBADFF432ED054C6" author="Wilson" box="[1139,1431,188,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Wilson, S. K. &amp; Knowles, D. G. (1988) Australia's Reptiles. A Photographic Reference to the Terrestrial Reptiles of Australia. Collins, Sydney, 447 pp." type="book" year="1988">Wilson &amp; Knowles 1988</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FF49FF202A5654EA" author="Shea" box="[151,273,223,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FEC0FF1F2AA554EA" author="Swan" box="[286,482,223,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Swan, G., Shea, G. &amp; Sadlier, R. (2004) A Field Guide to Reptiles of New South Wales. Second Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 302 pp." type="book" year="2004">
Swan 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FEBBFF1E2AD854EA" box="[357,415,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FE2EFF2029AE54EA" author="Wilson" box="[496,745,223,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Wilson, S. &amp; Swan, G. (2013) A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia. Fourth Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 592 pp." type="book" year="2013">Wilson &amp; Swan 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE08E68FD28FF20287C54EA" box="[758,827,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1403,1425]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,484,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1437,481,1382]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Map of Australia showing distribution of the D. australis species-group and specimens examined in the DNA and allozyme analyses. Specimens examined in the morphological analysis are indicated by a symbol with a central dot." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244615/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). In Western 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FC08FF202F0754EA" box="[982,1088,223,248]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
, it extends north to Shark Bay (base of Peron Peninsula), Meedo Station, Weld Range, Paynes Find, Windarling Hill and Buningonia Spring, south through the Avon Wheatbelt, Mallee and Coolgardie Goldfields bioregions, and east to Cocklebiddy. There is a disjunct population on the North West Cape, represented by a single specimen from Shothole Canyon in the Cape Range (
<figureCitation id="13482A26FFE08E68FF2AFE902A7A559A" box="[244,317,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1403,1425]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,484,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1437,481,1382]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Map of Australia showing distribution of the D. australis species-group and specimens examined in the DNA and allozyme analyses. Specimens examined in the morphological analysis are indicated by a symbol with a central dot." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244615/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Other possible outlier populations in the mid-west of Western 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FB98FE902FEA559A" box="[1094,1197,367,392]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
are Walyering Hill, Oakajee and near Kalbarri. Insular populations occur on Rat and Middle Islands in the Houtman Abrolhos.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0C662BFFE08E68FF49FA842E6B51A2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244615/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" targetBox="[153,1433,484,1378]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE08E68FF49FA842E6B51A2" blockId="19.[151,1435,1403,1456]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FF49FA842A555183" bold="true" box="[151,274,1403,1425]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Map of Australia showing distribution of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FD3BFA83281A5183" box="[741,861,1403,1425]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FD3BFA83281A5183" box="[741,861,1403,1425]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group and specimens examined in the DNA and allozyme analyses. Specimens examined in the morphological analysis are indicated by a symbol with a central dot.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE08E68FF19FA2828EE52FE" blockId="19.[151,1436,1495,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
Recorded instances of sympatry involving 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FD63FA27280151E2" box="[701,838,1495,1520]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FD63FA27280151E2" box="[701,838,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FC71FA272F6751E2" box="[943,1056,1495,1520]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="butleri">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FC71FA272F6751E2" box="[943,1056,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. butleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FBEDFA272FE351E2" box="[1075,1188,1496,1520]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraseri">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FBEDFA272FE351E2" box="[1075,1188,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. fraseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FB68FA272E3651E2" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[1206,1393,1495,1520]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grayii">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FB68FA272E6751FD" box="[1206,1312,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. grayii</emphasis>
Smith
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FA5FFA272A765206" authority="Kluge" authorityName="Kluge" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FA5FFA272BA55201" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. nasuta</emphasis>
Kluge
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FEB2FA03297C5206" authority="Shea" authorityName="Shea" box="[364,571,1531,1556]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FEB2FA032ABD5201" box="[364,506,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. petersoni</emphasis>
Shea
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FD92FA04281F5206" author="Dell" box="[588,856,1531,1556]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Dell, J. &amp; Chapman, A. (1981) Reptiles and frogs of East Yuna and Bindoo Hill Nature Reserves. In: Biological survey of the Western Australian Wheatbelt. Part 14. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 13 (Supplement), pp. 95 - 102." type="journal article" year="1981">Dell &amp; Chapman 1981</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FCB9FA042F7A5206" author="Dell" box="[871,1085,1531,1556]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Dell, J. &amp; How, R. A. (1984) Vertebrate Fauna. In: The Biological Survey of the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia. Part 2: Widgiemooltha - Zanthus Study area. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 18 (Supplement), pp. 57 - 89." type="journal article" year="1984">Dell &amp; How 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FB92FA042E115206" author="Chapman" box="[1100,1366,1531,1556]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Chapman, A. &amp; Dell, J. (1985) Biology and zoogeography of the amphibians and reptiles of the Western Australian Wheatbelt. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 12, 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1985">Chapman &amp; Dell 1985</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FABBFA042B95522A" author="Shea" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991</bibRefCitation>
; Mckenzie 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FE89F9DF2AD5522A" box="[343,402,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">et al.</emphasis>
1993; B. Maryan &amp; G. Shea, per. obs.). For instance, in the vicinity of Poochera in South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FF49F9BC2A46524E" box="[151,257,1603,1628]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FED3F9BB2AD5524E" box="[269,402,1603,1628]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FED3F9BB2AD5524E" box="[269,402,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FE7CF9BB2957524E" box="[418,528,1603,1628]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="butleri">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FE7CF9BB2957524E" box="[418,528,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. butleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FD97F9BB29925249" box="[585,725,1604,1627]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersoni">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FD97F9BB29925249" box="[585,725,1604,1627]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. petersoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have all been recorded (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FC31F9BC2FD0524E" author="Shea" box="[1007,1175,1603,1628]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991: 82</bibRefCitation>
). Four other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FF49F9982BA55292" box="[151,226,1639,1664]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FF49F9982BA55292" box="[151,226,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Delma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are recorded on the North West Cape. 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FD63F9982818526D" box="[701,863,1639,1664]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FD63F9982818526D" box="[701,863,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Delma nasuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FC41F9972F40526D" box="[927,1031,1640,1663]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tincta">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FC41F9972F40526D" box="[927,1031,1640,1663]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. tincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known from several localities (Maryan et al. 2007), while 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FE04F972282352B6" authority="Maryan, Aplin &amp; Adams" authorityName="Maryan, Aplin &amp; Adams" box="[474,868,1675,1700]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tealei">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FE04F972297B52B6" box="[474,572,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D. tealei</emphasis>
Maryan, Aplin &amp; Adams
</taxonomicName>
has been collected at Shothole Canyon and other localities on the Cape Range. 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FE27F95029DE52DA" box="[505,665,1711,1736]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="butleri">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FE27F95029DE52DA" box="[505,665,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Delma butleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from a single specimen collected at the Learmonth Air Weapons Range, immediately south of the Cape Range National Park.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE08E68FF19F908296253D6" blockId="19.[151,1436,1495,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FF19F9082A6D5302" bold="true" box="[199,298,1783,1808]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Habitat.</emphasis>
In northwestern Victoria and southwestern New South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FC71F90828B45302" box="[943,1011,1783,1808]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Wales</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FC22F9072FC35302" box="[1020,1156,1783,1808]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FC22F9072F57531D" box="[1020,1040,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FBFCF9082FC35302" box="[1058,1156,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly occupies mallee habitats with a spinifex (
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FE74F8E42ABC5326" box="[426,507,1819,1844]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FE74F8E42ABC5326" box="[426,507,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Triodia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) understorey (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FD41F8E328275326" author="Swan" box="[671,864,1819,1844]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Swan, G., Shea, G. &amp; Sadlier, R. (2004) A Field Guide to Reptiles of New South Wales. Second Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 302 pp." type="book" year="2004">
Swan 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FD38F8E228595326" box="[742,798,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FCB5F8E32FC55326" author="Swan" box="[875,1154,1819,1844]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Swan, M. &amp; Watharow, S. (2005) Snakes, Lizards and Frogs of the Victorian Mallee. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 91 pp." type="book" year="2005">Swan &amp; Watharow 2005</bibRefCitation>
). This habitat association is repeated in South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FE57F8C02AB7534A" box="[393,496,1855,1880]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
where the majority of the southern and western populations are from 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FAF6F8C02E3C534A" box="[1320,1403,1855,1880]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FAF6F8C02E3C534A" box="[1320,1403,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Triodia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or mallee habitats, or combination of both (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FD85F89C2991536E" author="Shea" box="[603,726,1891,1916]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991</bibRefCitation>
). The western Lake Eyre Basin population lives on gibber plain with 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FF0FF8782A6C53B2" box="[209,299,1927,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FF0FF8782A6C53B2" box="[209,299,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Atriplex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on watercourses lined with 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FDA8F87829B553B2" box="[630,754,1927,1952]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FDA8F87829B553B2" box="[630,754,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and on low, stony hills with drainage channels and 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE08E68FA90F8772EDB538D" box="[1358,1436,1928,1951]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FA90F8772EDB538D" box="[1358,1436,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE08E68FF40F854295F53D6" author="Shea" box="[158,536,1963,1988]" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991; B. Maryan, pers. obs.</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE08E6FFF19F82F2806550E" blockId="19.[151,1436,1495,2024]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,151,1005]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
<bibRef id="52D3A255FFE08E6FFF19F82F2806550E" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="19" pageNumber="320" type="journal article">
<author id="53CEDE46FFE08E68FF19F82F2A9A53F5" box="[199,477,1999,2024]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
In Western 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE08E68FE95F8302AF253FA" box="[331,437,1999,2024]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE08E68FE1FF82F2A9A53F5" box="[449,477,2000,2023]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">D.</emphasis>
</author>
<title id="F977DD95FFE08E6FFE3BF8302A5454C7" jopScore="0.16445844" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="19" pageNumber="320">
australis occupies a variety of habitats growing on different soils, including mallee and/or other 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFEF8FF682AE454A2" box="[294,419,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
woodlands and 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFD87FF6729E054BD" box="[601,679,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Acacia</emphasis>
with a spinifex (
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFCBAFF6828F054A2" box="[868,951,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Triodia</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFC32FF682F3454A2" box="[1004,1139,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Plectrachne</emphasis>
) or shrubland understorey (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE78E6FFF40FF432A5454C7" author="Storr" box="[158,275,188,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" refString="Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. &amp; Johnstone, R. E. (1990) Lizards of Western Australia. III. Geckos &amp; Pygopods. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 141 pp." type="book" year="1990">
Storr 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFF00FF422A5454C7" box="[222,275,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">et al</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</title>
. 
<year id="FFDB77F0FFE78E6FFEC3FF432A1F54C6" box="[285,344,188,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">1990</year>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE78E6FFEBAFF43296F54C6" author="Smith" box="[356,552,188,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" refString="Smith, G. T., Leone, J. &amp; Dickman, C. R. (1997) Small terrestrial vertebrate communities in remnant vegetation in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia. The Western Australian Naturalist, 21, 235 - 249." type="journal article" year="1997">
<journalOrPublisher id="51B23C6FFFE78E6FFEBAFF432AA554C7" box="[356,482,188,213]" jopScore="0.24346644" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
Smith 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFE73FF422AA554C7" box="[429,482,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">et al</emphasis>
</journalOrPublisher>
. 
<part id="FFD79C3EFFE78E6FFE32FF43296F54C6" box="[492,552,188,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="volume">1997</part>
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE78E6FFDEDFF4329A854C6" author="Bush" box="[563,751,188,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" refString="Bush, B., Maryan, B., Browne-Cooper &amp; Robinson, D. (2007) Reptiles and Frogs in the bush: Southwestern Australia. University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 302 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Bush 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFDADFF4229EB54C7" box="[627,684,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). The habitat at Cape Range on the North West Cape consists of a heavily dissected limestone plateau sparsely vegetated with 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFCADFF20288354EA" box="[883,964,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Triodia</emphasis>
, shrubs and low eucalypts; gorges within the range are more heavily vegetated (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE78E6FFD9CFEFB2872550E" author="Storr" box="[578,821,260,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" refString="Storr, G. M. &amp; Hanlon, T. M. S. (1980) Herpetofauna of the Exmouth region, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 8, 423 - 439." type="journal article" year="1980">
Storr &amp; Hanlon 
<pagination id="B2BAC857FFE78E6FFD27FEFB2872550E" box="[761,821,260,284]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="pagination">1980</pagination>
</bibRefCitation>
).
</bibRef>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE78E6FFF19FED82A27560A" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,1005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
These diverse vegetation communities provide ample cover for 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFC4DFED62F505552" box="[915,1047,295,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFC4DFED62F505552" box="[915,1047,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where most specimens have been pit-trapped, found in and under spinifex and sedge tussocks, raked from leaf litter, spoil-heaps, mats of dead vegetation and found under logs, mallee roots, rocks (including coral slabs on the Houtman Abrolhos) and rubbish, especially pieces of corrugated iron in disturbed areas adjacent to uncleared vegetation. When found in sympatry with other 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFECFFE482A1B55C2" box="[273,348,439,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFECFFE482A1B55C2" box="[273,348,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Delma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFE1CFE46290155C2" box="[450,582,439,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFE1CFE46290155C2" box="[450,582,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tends to occur in moister microhabitats (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE78E6FFBCDFE482FC955C2" author="Shea" box="[1043,1166,439,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" refString="Shea, G. M. (1991) Revisionary notes on the genus Delma (Squamata: Pygopodidae) in South Australia and the Northern Territory. Records of the South Australian Museum, 25, 71 - 90." type="journal article" year="1991">Shea 1991</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE78E6FFB44FE482ED655C2" author="Wilson" box="[1178,1425,439,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" refString="Wilson, S. &amp; Swan, G. (2013) A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia. Fourth Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 592 pp." type="book" year="2013">Wilson &amp; Swan 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Interestingly, nocturnal observations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFD84FE22299855E7" box="[602,735,476,501]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFD84FE22299855E7" box="[602,735,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on sealed roads or tracks are rare, unlike other, larger-bodied species of 
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFED3FE002A27560A" box="[269,352,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFED3FE002A1B560A" box="[269,348,511,536]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Delma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3696528FFE78E6FFF19FDDB2A7E57FF" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCC36A3FFE78E6FFF19FDDB2A7E57FF" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,1005]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFF19FDDB2A7C562F" bold="true" box="[199,315,548,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Remarks.</emphasis>
Using morphology alone, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B52FFE78E6FFD54FDDB286E562E" author="Kluge" box="[650,809,548,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" refString="Kluge, A. G. (1974) A taxonomic revision of the lizard family Pygopodidae. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan No. 152, 1 - 72." type="book chapter" year="1974">Kluge (1974)</bibRefCitation>
recognized and assessed differences between three geographic samples of male 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFE38FDB629295672" box="[486,622,583,608]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFE38FDB629295672" box="[486,622,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: a southwestern Western 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE78E6FFC45FDB82F465672" box="[923,1025,583,608]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Australia</collectingCountry>
sample (south of 
<geoCoordinate id="EE475064FFE78E6FFB07FDB72E705672" box="[1241,1335,584,608]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" precision="925" value="-32.5">32°30’S</geoCoordinate>
, west of 120°E), an Eyre Peninsula of South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE78E6FFDF5FD9329D55697" box="[555,658,620,645]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Australia</collectingCountry>
sample (south of 32°S), and a Victorian sample. He found significant mean differences in number of preorbital, preanal, hindlimb and caudal scales; as well as throat pattern and visceral pigmentation. A multivariate analysis of these six characters also revealed significant differentiation among the three regions. However, Kluge’s character definitions were different to those used in this study, and were based on a very small sample size (n=3 per locality = 7, 8 and 12 respectively, with the Western Australian sample potentially including both 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFE14FCDE2915572A" box="[458,594,799,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFE14FCDE2915572A" box="[458,594,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C734D20FFE78E6FFD4EFCDE2843572A" box="[656,772,799,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Pygopodidae" genus="Delma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hebesa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFD4EFCDE2843572A" box="[656,772,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">D. hebesa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23457CAFFE78E6FFCD1FCE0282B572A" box="[783,876,799,824]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B907EAB1FFE78E6FFCD1FCE0282B572A" bold="true" box="[783,876,799,824]" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Further studies in the laboratory and field are needed to determine whether or not the geographic sub-populations identified in each of South 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE78E6FFADFFCBB2E2F574F" box="[1281,1384,836,861]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Australia</collectingCountry>
and Western 
<collectingCountry id="F3647633FFE78E6FFF25FC982A265792" box="[251,353,871,896]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="321">Australia</collectingCountry>
correspond with the ‘northern’ and ‘southern’ groups distinguished by allozyme differences in the present study. Large gaps remain in the geographic sampling of all regional populations and the collection of additional specimens at or near potential contact zones would be particularly valuable to establish the status of the various forms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>