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<document id="7AF92112785972A97D074A877BFB00BC" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4816.2.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3954247" ID-ZooBank="A651DF06-FC88-419F-86C3-A677CB16E809" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1595339486929" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hastings, Philip A., Eytan, Ron I. &amp; Summers, Adam P." docDate="2020" docId="03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4816.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4816 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acanthemblemaria aceroi Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="214" masterDocId="FF8EFF93FFC35305A6344020FFE8AE02" masterDocTitle="Acanthemblemaria aceroi, a new species of tube blenny from the Caribbean coast of South America with notes on Acanthemblemaria johnsoni (Teleostei Chaenopsidae)" masterLastPageNumber="216" masterPageNumber="209" pageNumber="210" updateTime="1698782939407" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="596B1BBE04422F120F10A53575055F4A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="286EAFCFABA49800EA17CCB035B052D7">
<mods:title id="6EA4680E7ADBB14DFC4146EA05E8A674">Acanthemblemaria aceroi, a new species of tube blenny from the Caribbean coast of South America with notes on Acanthemblemaria johnsoni (Teleostei Chaenopsidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F60C1E22508789526584F247529EB7E6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2091AD4FFE6CAECA3D72845E6AA934EA">
<mods:roleTerm id="48081D3EA4F10806C920DCA7E912CB96">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8179E4796027F2EDECC34FF7246A76F5">Hastings, Philip A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="75E873CB5719822952D5DCE8D469E056">Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093 - 0208, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6BEB8BB6E93C16307FA14DAE3E5F1C1A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EEA3F5A8893602FC2D89A7FE00455F06">
<mods:roleTerm id="B8021AB8CF5F6D9DDB6AF000017B274E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A56A99FD71A50F046BEA2F84276FBAE8">Eytan, Ron I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="86FE70D019C613AD119FE6D92BD0CADF">Department of Marine Biology, Texas A &amp; M University at Galveston, PO Box 1675, Galveston, TX 77553, U. S. A. eytanr @ tamug. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4625 - 4589</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8B4F7F9485FDE1FF894B891058F481B3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E22A35C7FB982B92D0AC698800A540F9">
<mods:roleTerm id="F2B4F879D6184FB61D958D063873D8CC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2A1D667DE8CDBFDBD64624B9C63D11CC">Summers, Adam P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F996F5D77C10C8BEB14D15F32E9DF8A2">Friday Harbor Laboratories and Burke Museum, University of Washington, 620 University Dr., Friday Harbor, WA 98250, U. S. A. fishguy @ uw. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1930 - 9748</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="134F864DEA8ADD83F055D56E86537861">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="57AC6D1D46314413DEAF096BFEF0772D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2CFC2E31F7E7CC645981DA01264CD704">
<mods:title id="2D548F67FFDE0E9B2CDD936A779C7292">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2F62F2B0583486097E3F42252C1A6C62">
<mods:date id="B05BEC2DFE6AC190521B3D3830A5ECEC">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8E4ED98953A7CBE9778626EFC4D2BA3C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D392D82FD6E6E0CACA2BC8D78F35EA39">2020-07-16</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0D00D826B7877E02C80A53E2E1FD4ECC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4640B1AC61E2E1ECEDB5F9EB821F2169">4816</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="505F13D6F2C812DE291189FE8297E1BF" type="issue">
<mods:number id="685EDADB72239D78F7C4B52FAC9E518F">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="10AF83A9E34A6ACAA6571F69F43F8C3F">209</mods:start>
<mods:end id="AAAA9CB91259B171F49D31975D29706D">216</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="41A89BB4E57367EB6309A4E7A7080606">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="043B329778B4F86AB4122C49312BD6E5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4816.2.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2A2C8594AAC9AE5820CA1278AECA3E0B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="107B73AAEEE40669849E0EC5509E24BE" type="Zenodo-Dep">3954247</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0F1C6465DC0675A15BAC28ED86AD8DD4" type="ZooBank">A651DF06-FC88-419F-86C3-A677CB16E809</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC25304A6A340B9FDEAAED5" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6A340B9FDDEAEB6" blockId="1.[151,566,153,251]" box="[151,566,153,180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<heading id="D0E98191FFC25304A6A340B9FDDEAEB6" bold="true" box="[151,566,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A6A340B9FDDEAEB6" bold="true" box="[151,566,153,180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC25304A6A340B9FE39AEB1" authority="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers, 2020" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,465,153,180]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A6A340B9FE39AEB1" bold="true" box="[151,465,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Acanthemblemaria aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595794FFC25304A7EC40BAFDDEAEB6" box="[472,566,154,180]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6A3409DFDEAAED5" blockId="1.[151,566,153,251]" box="[151,514,189,215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">“Blue-spotted Barnacle Blenny”</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC25304A6A340C1FD13AF3C" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6A340C1FEFAAEF9" blockId="1.[151,566,153,251]" box="[151,274,225,251]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
(
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC25304A6AB40C1FEE1AEF9" box="[159,265,225,251]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1982,2007]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" captionTargetBox-0="[205,1382,923,1954]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1435,276,1558]" captionTargetBox-2="[247,1341,705,1857]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[204,1382,914,1954]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1435,273,1559]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[246,1342,705,1857]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. A) Holotype of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (SIO 02-106; preserved specimen); B) Radiograph of holotype of A. aceroi; C) Micro-CT scan of a paratype of A. aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Micro-CT scans of two species of Acanthemblemaria. A) Lateral view of head of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of A. rivasi (SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Color photographs of Acanthemblemaria aceroi. A) Freshly caught male, AMNH 249352, Monje del Sur; B) Freshly caught female, 25 mm SL, AMNH 249362, Monje del Norte; C) Photograph of living presumed male; D) Photograph of living presumed female or juvenile. A) and B) provided by James van Tassell; C) and D) provided by Paul Humann." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954249" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954253" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3954249/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3954253/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6A34105FD13AF3C" blockId="1.[151,763,293,318]" box="[151,763,293,318]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A6A34105FEFAAF3C" bold="true" box="[151,274,293,318]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Synonymy:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC25304A72C4106FDF1AF3F" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[280,537,294,318]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A72C4106FDF1AF3F" box="[280,537,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Acanthemblemaria rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in part):
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC25304A4494106FD10AF3C" author="Acero P." box="[637,760,294,318]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref4404" refString="Acero P., A. (1984) The chaenopsine blennies of the southwestern Caribbean (Pisces: Clinidae: Chaenopsinae). II. The genera Acanthemblemaria, Ekemblemaria and Lucayablennius. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 32, 35 - 44." type="journal article" year="1984">Acero 1984</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC25304A6A3414CFE5BACC9" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6A3414CFDADAFA9" blockId="1.[151,1437,364,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A6A3414CFDADAFA9" collectionCode="SIO" country="Venezuela" latitude="10.310333" location="Mochima National Park" longLatPrecision="91" longitude="-64.56167" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="SIO 02-106" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A6A3414CFEECAF84" bold="true" box="[151,260,364,390]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC25304A6A3414CFEECAF84" box="[151,260,364,390]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A727414CFE7FAF84" box="[275,407,364,390]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="University or college">SIO 02-106</specimenCode>
(
<quantity id="4CE69B18FFC25304A792414CFDE5AF85" box="[422,525,364,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="40.8">40.8 mm</quantity>
SL),
<location id="8EC16026FFC25304A479414CFCB6AF84" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC25304A479414CFCB6AF84" box="[589,862,364,390]" country="Venezuela" latitude="10.310333" longLatPrecision="91" longitude="-64.56167" name="Mochima National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Mochima National Park</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC25304A55D414CFC08AF84" box="[873,992,364,390]" name="Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
; approximately
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A2A1414CFAC1AF85" box="[1173,1321,364,391]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="18.62" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="10.310333">10° 18.62’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A301414CFF5CAFA9" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="33.7" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="92" value="-64.56167">64° 33.7’ W</geoCoordinate>
; found within vacant barnacle tests.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6F34194FE5BACC9" blockId="1.[151,1437,364,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A6F34194FCA0AFCC" box="[199,840,436,463]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Venezuela" location="Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="AMNH 241424" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A6F34194FED7AFCC" bold="true" box="[199,319,436,462]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC25304A6F34194FED7AFCC" box="[199,319,436,462]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC25304A7794194FE2DAFCC" box="[333,453,436,462]" name="Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A7FB4194FD68AFCC" box="[463,640,436,462]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">AMNH 241424</specimenCode>
(1,
<quantity id="4CE69B18FFC25304A49B4194FCFCAFCD" box="[687,788,436,463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.79" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="27.9">27.9 mm</quantity>
SL)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A5614195FD51AFF0" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="La Cienga &amp; Ocumare de la Costa" country="Venezuela" latitude="10.488334" location="Aragua" longLatPrecision="129" longitude="-67.80334" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="AMNH 247576" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aragua" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A5614195FC24AFCC" box="[853,972,436,463]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">La Cienga</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A5ED4194FB21AFCC" box="[985,1225,436,462]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Ocumare de la Costa</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="49DAF81FFFC25304A2E74194FAC0AFCC" box="[1235,1320,436,462]" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Aragua</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A3014194FF46AFF1" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="29.3" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="92" value="10.488334">10° 29.3’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A68E41F8FEAEAFF1" box="[186,326,472,499]" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="48.2" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="92" value="-67.80334">67° 48.2’ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A76441F8FDE9AFF0" box="[336,513,471,498]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">AMNH 247576</specimenCode>
(12, 22.1–29.1)
</materialsCitation>
, Taguarumo,
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A56741F8FD6AAC14" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Caracas &amp; Parque Nacional Mochima &amp; Sucre" country="Iceland" latitude="10.263833" location="Isla" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-64.480835" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="AMNH 249352" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC25304A56741F8FC93AFF0" box="[851,891,472,498]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Isla</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A5B741F8FC36AFF0" box="[899,990,472,498]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Caracas</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A5DE41F9FAF3AFF0" box="[1002,1307,472,499]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Parque Nacional Mochima</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A31341F8FA82AFF0" box="[1319,1386,472,498]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Sucre</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A34141F8FF14AC15" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="15.83" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="10.263833">10° 15.83’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A73341DCFE77AC15" box="[263,415,507,535]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="28.85" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="-64.480835">64° 28.85’ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A79D41DCFDB1AC14" box="[425,601,507,534]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">AMNH 249352</specimenCode>
(1)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A4BC41DCFED0AC38" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Iceland" latitude="12.3605" location="Islas Los Monjes del Sur" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-70.90283" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="AMNH 249362" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EC16026FFC25304A4BC41DCFC49AC14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC25304A4BC41DCFC49AC14" box="[648,929,508,535]" country="Iceland" latitude="12.3605" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-70.90283" name="Islas Los Monjes del Sur" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Islas Los Monjes del Sur</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A59841DCFBD6AC15" box="[940,1086,508,535]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="21.63" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="12.3605">12° 21.63’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A27E41DCFB0AAC15" box="[1098,1250,507,535]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="54.17" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="-70.90283">70° 54.17’ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A2D841DCFA74AC14" box="[1260,1436,508,534]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">AMNH 249362</specimenCode>
(3, 17.5–29.7)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A7774200FB10AC38" box="[323,1272,543,571]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="Iceland" latitude="12.4835" location="Los Monjes del Norte" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-70.916" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="ANSP 147650" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC25304A7774200FE83AC38" box="[323,363,544,570]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Isla</collectingCountry>
<location id="8EC16026FFC25304A7464201FD81AC39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC25304A7464201FD81AC39" box="[370,617,544,571]" country="Iceland" latitude="12.4835" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-70.916" name="Los Monjes del Norte" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Los Monjes del Norte</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A4474200FCECAC39" box="[627,772,544,571]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="29.01" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="12.4835">12° 29.01’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A53B4200FC4EAC39" box="[783,934,543,571]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="54.96" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="-70.916">70° 54.96’ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A59B4200FBB8AC38" box="[943,1104,543,570]" collectionCode="ANSP" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">ANSP 147650</specimenCode>
(5, 20.7–27.8)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A3374201FCF7AC5C" collectionCode="SIO" collectorName="Punta Moron" country="Iceland" latitude="10.5" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="-68.14983" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="SIO 02-6" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A3374201FA70AC38" box="[1283,1432,544,571]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Punta Morón</collectorName>
, approximately
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A7764264FE5DAC5D" box="[322,437,580,607]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="925" value="10.5">10° 30’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A7F64264FDB8AC5D" box="[450,592,580,607]" degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="8.99" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="-68.14983">68° 8.99’ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A4694264FD2FAC5C" box="[605,711,580,606]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="University or college">SIO 02-6</specimenCode>
(1, 34)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A5184264FCF5AC80" collectionCode="SIO" country="Iceland" latitude="10.310333" location="Puerto La Cruz" longLatPrecision="91" longitude="-64.56167" municipality="Mochima National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="SIO 02-106" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC5AC87FFC25304A5184264FBD4AC5C" box="[812,1084,580,606]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Mochima National Park</collectingMunicipality>
near
<location id="8EC16026FFC25304A24B4265FAD8AC5C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC25304A24B4265FAD8AC5C" box="[1151,1328,580,607]" country="Iceland" latitude="10.310333" longLatPrecision="91" longitude="-64.56167" municipality="Mochima National Park" name="Puerto La Cruz" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Puerto La Cruz</location>
, approximately
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A6DE4248FE94AC81" box="[234,380,616,643]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="18.62" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="10.310333">10° 18.62’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A7BC4248FDF9AC81" box="[392,529,616,643]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="33.7" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="92" value="-64.56167">64° 33.7’ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A4284248FD77AC80" box="[540,671,616,642]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="University or college">SIO 02-106</specimenCode>
(3, 28–33)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A51D4248FA80AC80" box="[809,1384,615,642]" collectionCode="SIO" country="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="SIO 06-277" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
collected with the
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC25304A5C34248FBB5AC80" box="[1015,1117,616,642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A2534248FB02AC80" box="[1127,1258,616,642]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="University or college">SIO 06-277</specimenCode>
(2, 25–27)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC25304A3404248FAECACA4" collectionCode="SIO" collectorName="Caracas &amp; Parque Nacional Mochima" country="Iceland" latitude="10.263333" location="Isla" longLatPrecision="129" longitude="-64.48" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="SIO 08-182" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC25304A3404248FA74AC80" box="[1396,1436,616,642]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Isla</collectingCountry>
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A6A342ACFF1AACA4" box="[151,242,652,678]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Caracas</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26EB532BFFC25304A6CA42ADFDC6ACA4" box="[254,558,652,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Parque Nacional Mochima</collectorName>
, approximately
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A4D642ABFC88ACA5" box="[738,864,651,679]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="15.8" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="92" value="10.263333">10°15.8’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A55F42ACFC1EACA5" box="[875,1014,652,679]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="28.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="92" value="-64.48">64° 28.8’ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC25304A23542ACFB6EACA4" box="[1025,1158,652,678]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="University or college">SIO 08-182</specimenCode>
(4, 24–28)
</materialsCitation>
, Los Monjes,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A6A34290FEFDACC9" box="[151,277,688,715]" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="29.1" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="92" value="12.485">12°29.1’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC25304A714428FFE58ACC9" box="[288,432,687,715]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="54.93" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" precision="9" value="-70.9155">70°54.93’ W</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC25304A6F342F3FD97AD7C" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6F342F3FD97AD7C" blockId="1.[151,1437,364,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A6F342F3FED2ACEC" bold="true" box="[199,314,723,750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Unique within the
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A41442F4FD6DACEC" box="[544,645,724,750]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">hancocki</emphasis>
group of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC25304A55842F4FBA9ACEC" authorityName="Metzelaar" authorityYear="1919" box="[876,1089,724,750]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A55842F4FBA9ACEC" box="[876,1089,724,750]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Acanthemblemaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A26742F5FB79ACEC" box="[1107,1169,725,750]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC25304A2AD42F4FF38AD10" author="Hastings, P. A. &amp; Robertson, D. R." pageId="1" pageNumber="210" pagination="107 - 18" refId="ref4708" refString="Hastings, P. A. &amp; Robertson, D. R. (1999) Acanthemblemaria atrata and Acanthemblemaria mangognatha, new species of eastern Pacific barnacle blennies (Chaenopsidae) from Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, and Islas Revillagigedo, Mexico, and their relationships with other barnacle blennies. Revue Francaise d'Aquariologie Herpetologie, 25, 107 - 18." type="journal article" year="1999">Hastings &amp; Robertson, 1999</bibRefCitation>
) in having a combination of the following: a short posterior extent of the infraorbitals ending well before the posterior tip of the maxilla, a smooth supraorbital margin, field of frontal wedge spines intersecting orbit at the anteriormost supraorbital sensory pore well anterior to the junction of the upper infraorbital and frontal, and a profusion of fine blue dots on head and anterior body.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF616675FFC25304A6A3479EFC09A9F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3954249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954249/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" startId="1.[151,250,1982,2007]" targetBox="[205,1382,923,1954]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC25304A6A3479EFC09A9F9" blockId="1.[151,1437,1982,2043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A6A3479EFEE7A9D5" bold="true" box="[151,271,1982,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. A) Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC25304A7F0479FFD25A9D4" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[452,717,1983,2007]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A7F0479FFD25A9D4" box="[452,717,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">Acanthemblemaria aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SIO 02-106; preserved specimen); B) Radiograph of holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC25304A3B2479FFF3FA9F8" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A3B2479FFF3FA9F8" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">A. aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; C) Micro-CT scan of a paratype of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC25304A47E47C3FD4EA9F8" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[586,678,2019,2042]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC25304A47E47C3FD4EA9F8" box="[586,678,2019,2042]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="210">A. aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC15301A6F340B8FC2FAFF5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC15307A6F340B8FD59AEF9" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC15307A6F340B8FEB9AEB1" bold="true" box="[199,337,152,179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Description</emphasis>
. Dorsal fin with XXI–XXIII spines and 12–14 rays, 33–36 total elements (
<tableCitation id="C69C0346FFC15307A2AF40B9FB07AEB1" box="[1179,1263,153,179]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1157,1181]" captionText="TABLE 1. Frequency of meristics for A. aceroi and A. rivasi. Data for A. aceroi from Colombia and Venezuela (Col. &amp; Ven.), and A. rivasi from Central America (C. America) are from Acero (1984). * = holotypes." pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Anal fin with II spines and 21–25 rays. Pectoral fin with 13 rays. Eleven to twelve precaudal vertebrae, 29–30 caudal vertebrae and 41–42 total vertebrae (
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC15307A7F740C1FDCFAEF9" box="[451,551,225,251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
11+30=41).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF616675FFC15307A6A34610FEDEA8B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3954251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" startId="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" targetBox="[152,1435,276,1558]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC15307A6A34610FEDEA8B7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1584,1717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC15307A6A34610FEE4A84B" bold="true" box="[151,268,1584,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. Micro-CT scans of two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC15307A45B4611FCD8A84B" authorityName="Metzelaar" authorityYear="1919" box="[623,816,1585,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC15307A45B4611FCD8A84B" box="[623,816,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Acanthemblemaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A) Lateral view of head of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC15307A27C4611FAA7A84B" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[1096,1359,1585,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC15307A27C4611FAA7A84B" box="[1096,1359,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">Acanthemblemaria aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC15307A4A44675FD0DA86F" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[656,741,1621,1645]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC15307A4A44675FD0DA86F" box="[656,741,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC15306A6F346C3FC81AF65" blockId="2.[151,1437,1763,2042]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="2" pageNumber="211">
Head with well-developed spines on several cranial bones of adults; spines smaller and less numerous in juveniles. Adults with postero-dorsal portion of frontals covered with short rounded spines extending in a wedge from well anterior of junction with dorsalmost infraorbital.
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC15307A4C1470BFCB5A947" box="[757,861,1835,1861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(largest known specimen) with two spines on right side fused into a ridge perpendicular to posterior margin of wedge, otherwise all spines on frontal wedge separate. Supraorbital margin of frontal smooth to slightly crenulate anteriorly in
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC15307A58D4753FBF7A98F" box="[953,1055,1907,1933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Interorbital region of frontal with two well-developed central rows of 5–6 spines on raised ridge; lateral interorbital row absent. AFO spine large and bladelike. Nasal bones fused, each with a row of 4–6 well-developed, blunt spines that curve laterally around medial margin of posterior nostril. Anterior margin of nasals above upper lip with three blunt spines on each side. Orbital margin of lateral ethmoid with a series of 3–4 blunt spines and a single enlarged spine ventrally. Orbital margin of anterior infraorbital with ridges and a single enlarged spine anteriorly; ventral margin with 15–16 well-developed knob-like spines along anterior two thirds of its length, posterior one third smooth, lacking spines. Central area of anterior infraorbital with a few blunt spines anteriorly and ridges posteriorly. Orbital margin of posterior infraorbital smooth. Lower and upper infraorbitals with a posterior extension ending well before posterior end of jaw (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A3014109FA67AF41" box="[1333,1423,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,276,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,273,1559]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micro-CT scans of two species of Acanthemblemaria. A) Lateral view of head of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of A. rivasi (SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); posterior extension with a prominent central ridge but no spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05306A6F34151FC01AFF5" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
Body relatively deep, body depth 5.6 times in standard length. Head large, robust, its length approximately four times in standard length. One pair of typically unbranched supraorbital cirri, length one half to two thirds orbital diameter; occasionally shallowly branched in about 10 percent of specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC05306A2314199FB67AFD1" author="Acero P." box="[1029,1167,441,467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref4404" refString="Acero P., A. (1984) The chaenopsine blennies of the southwestern Caribbean (Pisces: Clinidae: Chaenopsinae). II. The genera Acanthemblemaria, Ekemblemaria and Lucayablennius. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 32, 35 - 44." type="journal article" year="1984">Acero 1984</bibRefCitation>
). Nasal cirri on anterior nostrils branched. Posterior nostrils with a raised rim along anterior margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05306A6F34221FC56AC61" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
Dorsal fin single, slightly notched between spinous- and soft-rayed portions. Caudal fin truncate. Upper jaw large (length about 1.8 times in head length), extending beyond level of posterior margin of orbit. Palatine with a double row of teeth, about
<quantity id="4CE69B18FFC05306A7F14269FE16AC61" box="[453,510,585,611]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
inner row and
<quantity id="4CE69B18FFC05306A4934269FD37AC61" box="[679,735,585,611]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
outer row (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A5554269FC5EAC61" box="[865,950,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,276,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,273,1559]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micro-CT scans of two species of Acanthemblemaria. A) Lateral view of head of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of A. rivasi (SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05306A6F3424DFB8DACF6" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
Measurements (mm) of
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC05306A7EC424DFDD6AC85" box="[472,574,621,647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: standard length 40.8; maximum head length 10.5; snout to opercular membrane insertion 9.0; upper jaw length 5.5; bony orbital diameter 2.5; iris diameter 2.2; snout length 2.0; interorbital width 1.2; predorsal length 8.0; preanal length 18.6; caudal peduncle depth 3.0; maximum body depth 7.3; body depth at anal-fin origin 6.6; supraorbital cirrus length 1.6 (left side, right side missing).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05306A6F342DDFBD8ADA5" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
Cephalic pore counts (left side only except where noted for
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC05306A5B442DDFC0EAD15" box="[896,998,765,791]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; number of specimens in parentheses; *
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC05306A6974301FEE5AD3E" box="[163,269,801,828]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
): mandibular: 4(21*); common: 1(2*), 2(19*;
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC05306A5274301FC9DAD39" box="[787,885,801,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
with 1 on right side); preopercular: 5(21*); posttemporal: 4(21*); lateral supratemporal: 3(16*), 4(5*;
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC05306A4C54365FCBBAD5D" box="[753,851,837,863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
with 4 on right side); median supratemporal: 3(21*); anterior infraorbital: 3(21*); posterior infraorbital: 3(1), 4(20*); supraorbital: 2(1), 3(7), 4(13*); frontal: 0(8), 1(3), 2(10*), 3(4); commissural: 1(8), 2(13*); anterofrontal: 1(1), 2(20*); nasal: 1(21*).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05306A6F34391FE39ABC1" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
Coloration of male
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC05306A7974391FDEDADC9" box="[419,517,945,971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in preservative (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A4F74391FCF4ADC9" box="[707,796,945,971]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1982,2007]" captionTargetBox="[205,1382,923,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[204,1382,914,1954]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. A) Holotype of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (SIO 02-106; preserved specimen); B) Radiograph of holotype of A. aceroi; C) Micro-CT scan of a paratype of A. aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954249/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
): snout, upper jaw and lower jaw lightly pigmented with numerous small melanophores. Head from anterior orbit to posterior margin of operculum, dark with densely spaced and expanded melanophores. Black spots or blotches present at posterior tip of upper jaw, operculum and branchiostegal membranes: left side with one spot above posterior tip of jaw, three black blotches on lower operculum and four on branchiostegal membranes; right side with one black spot at posterior tip of lower jaw, one on lower preopercle, two on operculum and three on branchiostegal membranes. Body and abdomen densely covered with melanophores, those along lateral aspect of body concentrated in broad bars extending to dorsal midline: two over abdomen, five on body between anal-fin origin and insertion, becoming less distinct posteriorly; areas between bars less pigmented. Dorsal fin covered with dense melanophores, numerous anteriorly decreasing in density posteriorly. Membrane between first and second dorsal-fin spines with a prominent black spot covering most of membrane. Proximal anal fin covered with dense melanophores; distal tips of rays white. Caudal fin with melanophores along rays (none on membranes). Pectoral-fin base covered with dense melanophores extending outward onto fin, including rays and membrane. Pelvic fin with dense melanophores along rays and membranes, less dense along anterior margin of first ray. Very fine light spots evident on head and anterior dorsal fin (these correspond to blue dots seen in living specimens;
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A7B44589FE2BABC1" box="[384,451,1449,1475]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,705,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[246,1342,705,1857]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Color photographs of Acanthemblemaria aceroi. A) Freshly caught male, AMNH 249352, Monje del Sur; B) Freshly caught female, 25 mm SL, AMNH 249362, Monje del Norte; C) Photograph of living presumed male; D) Photograph of living presumed female or juvenile. A) and B) provided by James van Tassell; C) and D) provided by Paul Humann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954253/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05306A6F345EDFA88A899" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Coloration of other specimens in preservative variable, especially in extent and concentration of melanophores. Prominent black spots on lower posterior portion of head variable in number, size and location. One to three spots near posterior tip of jaw; some specimens with spots both above and below jaw, and some with large and variously fused spots. Operculum with one to five spots, preopercle area with none to three spots, and branchiostegal membranes with three to twelve spots. Some specimens with branchiostegal membranes densely covered with melanophores and no evident spots. Smaller males and females less dark on head and body but bars present on body.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05306A6F34685FAB2A995" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
In life, sexually mature males (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A4144685FD78A8BD" box="[544,656,1701,1727]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,705,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[246,1342,705,1857]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Color photographs of Acanthemblemaria aceroi. A) Freshly caught male, AMNH 249352, Monje del Sur; B) Freshly caught female, 25 mm SL, AMNH 249362, Monje del Norte; C) Photograph of living presumed male; D) Photograph of living presumed female or juvenile. A) and B) provided by James van Tassell; C) and D) provided by Paul Humann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954253/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 3A,C</figureCitation>
) melanistic with black obscuring underlying coloration except for upper and lower jaws and interorbit that lack pigment, and faint whitish bars along body. Numerous blue dots cover body, head, and anterior dorsal fin. Iris dark with narrow yellowish internal ring around pupil (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A2E446CDFAC1A905" box="[1232,1321,1773,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,705,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[246,1342,705,1857]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Color photographs of Acanthemblemaria aceroi. A) Freshly caught male, AMNH 249352, Monje del Sur; B) Freshly caught female, 25 mm SL, AMNH 249362, Monje del Norte; C) Photograph of living presumed male; D) Photograph of living presumed female or juvenile. A) and B) provided by James van Tassell; C) and D) provided by Paul Humann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954253/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Anterior dorsal fin with a narrow reddish margin; posterior dorsal fin with red along fin rays. Anal fin with a dark distal margin; proximal anal fin dark anteriorly, with red along rays posteriorly. Caudal fin with red along rays. Non-melanistic individuals (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A75E4779FE2AA971" box="[362,450,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,705,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[246,1342,705,1857]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Color photographs of Acanthemblemaria aceroi. A) Freshly caught male, AMNH 249352, Monje del Sur; B) Freshly caught female, 25 mm SL, AMNH 249362, Monje del Norte; C) Photograph of living presumed male; D) Photograph of living presumed female or juvenile. A) and B) provided by James van Tassell; C) and D) provided by Paul Humann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954253/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) light brown with evident lateral bars, distinct black spots on posterior jaw and across branchiostegal membranes. Iris orange with an inner blue ring. Fine blue spots cover head and anterior body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC05301A6F34781FC2FAFF5" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,683]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">
The underlying pigment pattern of freshly caught males and females variable. Female photographed shortly after capture (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC05306A72947E5FE9AA9DD" box="[285,370,1989,2015]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,705,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[246,1342,705,1857]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Color photographs of Acanthemblemaria aceroi. A) Freshly caught male, AMNH 249352, Monje del Sur; B) Freshly caught female, 25 mm SL, AMNH 249362, Monje del Norte; C) Photograph of living presumed male; D) Photograph of living presumed female or juvenile. A) and B) provided by James van Tassell; C) and D) provided by Paul Humann." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954253/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="212">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) with melanophores on head concentrated in a narrow ring around posterior margin of orbit, on operculum and ventrally across branchiostegal membranes and posterior half of lower jaw. Dark spots present along posterior jaw and on branchiostegal membranes. Distinct white areas on head and body located in a crescent from lower orbit to branchiostegal membranes, anterior of pectoral fin, and laterally along body in seven bars separating dark bars and extending to dorsal midline anteriorly, restricted to midline posteriorly. Dark bars interrupted posteriorly, appearing as dark saddles dorsally, dark blotches along midline (elongate along caudal peduncle) and dark blotches above anal fin. Head and anterior body covered with fine blue dots. Iris distinctly orange with inner blue ring. Supraorbital cirrus dark, nasal cirrus reddish. Anterior dorsal fin with a black spot between first and second spines, few faint melanophores anteriorly and distally on spinous portion, with red along spines and rays. Similar red along rays of pectoral, caudal, and anal fins. Anal fin with a dark distal margin, grading to reddish posteriorly. A dark spot at base of pectoral fin. Pelvic fin tinged with yellowish orange.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC75301A6F34220FF31ACA9" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC75301A6F34220FF31ACA9" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC75301A6F34220FEB1AC19" bold="true" box="[199,345,512,539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC75301A7534221FD62AC19" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[359,650,513,539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC75301A7534221FD62AC19" box="[359,650,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Acanthemblemaria aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs along the northern coast of South America including
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC75301A31A4221FA74AC19" box="[1326,1436,513,539]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC75301A6F34205FED6AC3D" box="[199,318,549,575]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
. It appears to be restricted to the southern Caribbean upwelling system that extends from
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC75301A3094205FA74AC3D" box="[1341,1436,549,575]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC75301A6AB4269FEE8AC61" box="[159,256,585,611]" degrees="61.1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" precision="5555" value="-61.1">61.1° W</geoCoordinate>
) to Barranquilla,
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC75301A7FE4269FDD0AC61" box="[458,568,585,611]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A503AFFC75301A47C4268FD51AC61" box="[584,697,584,611]" degrees="75.51" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" precision="555" value="-75.51">75.51° W</geoCoordinate>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC75301A4F14269FBB9AC61" author="Rueda-Roa, D. T. &amp; Muller-Karger, F. E." box="[709,1105,585,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" pagination="102 - 114" refId="ref4773" refString="Rueda-Roa, D. T. &amp; Muller-Karger, F. E. (2013) The southern Caribbean upwelling system: Sea surface temperature, wind forcing and chlorophyll concentration patterns. Deep-Sea Research, 78, 102 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr. 2013.04.008" type="journal article" year="2013">Rueda-Roa &amp; Muller-Karger 2013</bibRefCitation>
). A significant biogeographic break in this region has been identified for other groups including catfishes of the genus
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC75301A24B424DFB0EAC85" box="[1151,1254,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">Cathrops</emphasis>
(Betancur
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC75301A350424EFA75AC85" box="[1380,1437,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">et al.</emphasis>
2010)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF616675FFC75301A6A3477AFAD8A9B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954253" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3954253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954253/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" startId="4.[151,250,1882,1907]" targetBox="[247,1341,705,1857]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC75301A6A3477AFAD8A9B8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1882,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC75301A6A3477AFEF8A971" bold="true" box="[151,272,1882,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Color photographs of
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC75301A43D477AFCF2A970" box="[521,794,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="213">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC75301A43D477AFCFEA970" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[521,790,1882,1906]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">Acanthemblemaria aceroi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A) Freshly caught male, AMNH 249352, Monje del Sur; B) Freshly caught female, 25 mm SL, AMNH 249362, Monje del Norte; C) Photograph of living presumed male; D) Photograph of living presumed female or juvenile. A) and B) provided by James van Tassell; C) and D) provided by Paul Humann.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC65300A6F340B9FAC8ACCD" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC65300A6F340B9FBC5AF1C" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A6F340B9FEA0AEB1" bold="true" box="[199,328,153,179]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Etymology</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A76340B8FD93AEB0" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[343,635,152,178]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A76340B8FD93AEB0" box="[343,635,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Acanthemblemaria aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named for Arturo Acero Pizarro, who first documented meristic differences between populations of “
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A420409DFD9BAED4" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[532,627,189,215]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A420409DFD9BAED4" box="[532,627,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” from Central and South America, in recognition of his contributions to ichthyology, including the systematics of chaenopsid blennies. The common name “Blue-spotted Barnacle Blenny” refers to the profusion of fine blue spots on the head, anterior body and dorsal fin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC65300A6F34108FAC8ACCD" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A6F34108FE8EAF41" bold="true" box="[199,358,296,323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Comparisons</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A7414108FD71AF40" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[373,665,296,322]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A7414108FD71AF40" box="[373,665,296,322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Acanthemblemaria aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other Atlantic members of the genus (excluding its closest relative,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A7FA416DFDC6AF64" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[462,558,333,359]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A7FA416DFDC6AF64" box="[462,558,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by its stout body, relatively short, rounded head spines, simple typically unbranched supraorbital cirrus, and distinctive red to orange iris with a narrow, bright blue inner ring. It differs from the similar
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A72141B5FE9CAFAC" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[277,372,405,431]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A72141B5FE9CAFAC" box="[277,372,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having: 1) a shorter posterior extent of the infraorbitals ending well short of the posterior tip of the maxilla (extending to near the tip in
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A4494199FD0DAFD0" box="[637,741,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A4494199FD36AFD0" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[637,734,441,467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">A. rivasi</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC65300A4D94198FC89AFD1" box="[749,865,440,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,276,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,273,1559]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micro-CT scans of two species of Acanthemblemaria. A) Lateral view of head of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of A. rivasi (SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Fig. 2A,B</figureCitation>
); 2) a smooth supraorbital margin (spines or serrations present in
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A77941FDFE5EAFF4" box="[333,438,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A77941FDFE47AFF4" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[333,431,477,503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">A. rivasi</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC65300A78A41FCFDDAAFF5" box="[446,562,476,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,276,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,273,1559]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micro-CT scans of two species of Acanthemblemaria. A) Lateral view of head of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of A. rivasi (SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Fig. 2C,D</figureCitation>
); 3) a smaller frontal wedge of spines that intersects the orbital margin at the anteriormost supraorbital sensory pore well anterior to the junction of the upper infraorbital with the frontal (frontal wedge intersects the orbital margin at the posteriormost supraorbital pore and at the junction with second infraorbital with the frontal in
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A7AF4269FDEAAC60" box="[411,514,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A7AF4269FE13AC60" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[411,507,585,611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">A. rivasi</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC65300A43C4268FDAAAC61" box="[520,578,584,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,276,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,273,1559]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micro-CT scans of two species of Acanthemblemaria. A) Lateral view of head of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of A. rivasi (SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Fig 2</figureCitation>
A-D); 4) fewer, larger teeth on the palatine (
<figureCitation id="13252A78FFC65300A2134268FB7CAC61" box="[1063,1172,584,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1584,1609]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,276,1558]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,273,1559]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Micro-CT scans of two species of Acanthemblemaria. A) Lateral view of head of Acanthemblemaria aceroi (ANSP 147650, 27.8 mm SL); B) Lateral view of head of A. rivasi (SIO 03-141, 28.3 mm SL); C) Dorsal view of head of A); D) Dorsal view of head of B); E) Isolated palatine bone of A); F) Isolated palatine bone of B). Arrows in A) and B) indicate posterior extent of infraorbitals." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3954251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3954251/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Fig. 2E,F</figureCitation>
); and 5) modally higher meristic counts, especially of the total dorsal-fin elements (
<tableCitation id="C69C0346FFC65300A519424CFC69AC85" box="[813,897,620,647]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1157,1181]" captionText="TABLE 1. Frequency of meristics for A. aceroi and A. rivasi. Data for A. aceroi from Colombia and Venezuela (Col. &amp; Ven.), and A. rivasi from Central America (C. America) are from Acero (1984). * = holotypes." pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Table 1</tableCitation>
). In addition, the COI sequence of the new species differs from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A79142B1FDEBACA8" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[421,515,657,683]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A79142B1FDEBACA8" box="[421,515,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 4.4-4.7 percent (Eytan, pers. observ.). Based on data from several genes,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC65300A36F42B1FEC9ACCD" author="Eytan, R. I. &amp; Hastings, P. A. &amp; Holland, B. R. &amp; Hellberg, M. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="214" pagination="159 - 173" refId="ref4602" refString="Eytan, R. I., Hastings, P. A., Holland, B. R. &amp; Hellberg, M. E. (2012) Reconciling molecules and morphology: molecular systematics and biogeography of Neotropical blennies (Acanthemblemaria). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62, 159 - 173. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.09.028" type="journal article" year="2012">
Eytan
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A6A34295FF27ACCC" box="[151,207,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
estimated the divergence time of the two species as 0.97 million years (range = 0.38-1.71).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3046576FFC65300A6F342F9FCBDAA58" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC65300A6F342F9FBCBADEC" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A6F342F9FEDCACF1" bold="true" box="[199,308,729,755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC65300A77442F9FE3EACF1" author="Acero P." box="[320,470,729,755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref4404" refString="Acero P., A. (1984) The chaenopsine blennies of the southwestern Caribbean (Pisces: Clinidae: Chaenopsinae). II. The genera Acanthemblemaria, Ekemblemaria and Lucayablennius. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 32, 35 - 44." type="journal article" year="1984">Acero (1984)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that specimens of “
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A51442F9FC97ACF0" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[800,895,729,755]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A51442F9FC97ACF0" box="[800,895,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” from South America are larger than those from Central America. The largest known specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A4FF42DDFCDBAD14" authorityName="Hastings &amp; Eytan &amp; Summers" authorityYear="2020" box="[715,819,765,791]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aceroi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A4FF42DDFCDBAD14" box="[715,819,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. aceroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC65300A54D42DCFC04AD14" box="[889,1004,764,790]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
is the
<quantity id="4CE69B18FFC65300A20D42DDFB76AD15" box="[1081,1182,765,791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="40.8">40.8 mm</quantity>
SL
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC65300A2FA42DCFAD8AD14" box="[1230,1328,764,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(SIO 02- 106) and the largest reported from Colombian waters is
<quantity id="4CE69B18FFC65300A5214301FC92AD39" box="[789,890,801,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.04" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="40.4">40.4 mm</quantity>
SL (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC65300A5854301FBD3AD39" author="Acero P." box="[945,1083,801,827]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref4404" refString="Acero P., A. (1984) The chaenopsine blennies of the southwestern Caribbean (Pisces: Clinidae: Chaenopsinae). II. The genera Acanthemblemaria, Ekemblemaria and Lucayablennius. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 32, 35 - 44." type="journal article" year="1984">Acero 1984</bibRefCitation>
), while the largest specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A6A34365FF10AD5C" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,248,837,863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A6A34365FF10AD5C" box="[151,248,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC65300A70B4365FE70AD5D" box="[319,408,837,863]" name="Panama" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Panama</collectingCountry>
is 32.0 mm SL (SIO 07-69). The larger body size of the new species may be related to its occurrence in colder, more productive waters compared to the closely related species from Central America.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B0CFFC65300A36C4349FF0AADA5" author="Acero P." pageId="5" pageNumber="214" pagination="35 - 44" refId="ref4404" refString="Acero P., A. (1984) The chaenopsine blennies of the southwestern Caribbean (Pisces: Clinidae: Chaenopsinae). II. The genera Acanthemblemaria, Ekemblemaria and Lucayablennius. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 32, 35 - 44." type="journal article" year="1984">Acero (1984)</bibRefCitation>
noted similar meristic and body size differences in Central and northern South American populations of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A6A34390FE0BADC8" authorityName="Smith-Vaniz &amp; Palacio" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,483,944,970]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betinensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A6A34390FE0BADC8" box="[151,483,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Acanthemblemaria betinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The genetics of this form have not been examined but may reveal significant differences that warrant recognition of two separate species in the southern Caribbean.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136FDFFC65300A6F343D8FCBDAA58" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1115]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A6F343D8FDBBAA11" bold="true" box="[199,595,1016,1043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Comparative material examined:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D7EFFC65300A46D43D9FD50AA10" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1970" box="[601,696,1017,1043]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Chaenopsidae" genus="Acanthemblemaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivasi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAEFFFC65300A46D43D9FD50AA10" box="[601,696,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">A. rivasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC65300A4F143D9FAD1AA10" box="[709,1337,1016,1043]" collectionCode="SIO" country="Panama" location="Toro Point" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" specimenCode="SIO 67-45" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F309766DFFC65300A4F143D9FCCAAA11" box="[709,802,1017,1043]" name="Panama" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Panama</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC65300A51843D9FC49AA11" box="[812,929,1016,1043]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="University or college">SIO 67-45</specimenCode>
(1, 16 mm SL;
<typeStatus id="54A5885FFFC65300A27B43D9FB59AA11" box="[1103,1201,1017,1043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
)
<location id="8EC16026FFC65300A28B43D9FAD1AA10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC65300A28B43D9FAD1AA10" box="[1215,1337,1016,1043]" country="Panama" name="Toro Point" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Toro Point</location>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC65300A37743D9FE42AA34" collectionCode="SIO" country="Panama" location="San Blas" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" specimenCode="SIO 71- 272" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC65300A37743D9FF29AA35" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="University or college">SIO 71- 272</specimenCode>
(3, 23–28)
<location id="8EC16026FFC65300A770443DFE42AA34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC65300A770443DFE42AA34" box="[324,426,1052,1079]" country="Panama" name="San Blas" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">San Blas</location>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC65300A781443DFCA3AA34" box="[437,843,1052,1079]" collectionCode="SIO" country="Panama" location="San Blas" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" specimenCode="SIO 71-286" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC65300A781443DFDD1AA34" box="[437,569,1052,1079]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="University or college">SIO 71-286</specimenCode>
(3, 20.5–28.5)
<location id="8EC16026FFC65300A4D1443DFCA3AA34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC65300A4D1443DFCA3AA34" box="[741,843,1052,1079]" country="Panama" name="San Blas" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">San Blas</location>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC65300A563443DFB7AAA34" box="[855,1170,1052,1079]" collectionCode="SIO" country="Panama" location="San Blas" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" specimenCode="SIO 01-09" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC65300A563443DFC24AA35" box="[855,972,1053,1079]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="University or college">SIO 01-09</specimenCode>
(1, 24),
<location id="8EC16026FFC65300A218443DFB7AAA34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC65300A218443DFB7AAA34" box="[1068,1170,1052,1079]" country="Panama" name="San Blas" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">San Blas</location>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC65300A2A9443DFE26AA59" collectionCode="SIO" country="Panama" location="Bahia Azul" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" specimenCode="SIO 03-141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC65300A2A9443DFAC9AA35" box="[1181,1313,1053,1079]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="University or college">SIO 03-141</specimenCode>
(7, 22–28)
<location id="8EC16026FFC65300A6A34460FEFFAA58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC65300A6A34460FEFFAA58" box="[151,279,1088,1114]" country="Panama" name="Bahia Azul" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">Bahia Azul</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49DAF81FFFC65300A7164461FE26AA59" box="[290,462,1088,1115]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B763CA0FFC65300A7EE4461FCB9AA58" box="[474,849,1088,1115]" collectionCode="SIO" country="Panama" location="Portobello" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" specimenCode="SIO 07-69" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBB89E86FFC65300A7EE4461FDA7AA58" box="[474,591,1088,1115]" collectionCode="SIO" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" type="University or college">SIO 07-69</specimenCode>
(3, 26–32),
<location id="8EC16026FFC65300A4ED4460FCB9AA58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787EBFFC25300A6A340B9FCBDAA58:8EC16026FFC65300A4ED4460FCB9AA58" box="[729,849,1088,1114]" country="Panama" name="Portobello" pageId="5" pageNumber="214">Portobello</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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