182 lines
19 KiB
XML
182 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="0C4F5DE4C07F06DA0A652EF8171595FD" ID-CLB-Dataset="73099" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6646565" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f1465af8-3198-4cb6-91a1-a547cbb4d955" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-08-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6646565" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1655302485621" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson" docDate="2018" docId="038C87A8FFACAC02FA177CEFF94B3F72" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_8_Macroscelididae_0206.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Elephantulus fuscus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="232" masterDocId="FFB5FFD0FFABAC05FFB37F30FFAE3453" masterDocTitle="Macroscelididae" masterLastPageNumber="234" masterPageNumber="206" pageNumber="232" updateTime="1699339345731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="55CC18183D17E84763181875A410BC85">
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<mods:title id="B76D688A1632BB0C73B1ECF22D15F3E1">Macroscelididae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F88B23678764844EA626ECE3FE65C5E4">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C3BB6CAB5DBE1F1B87630A5CDEB710C0">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="7E8E4EF3C881E51A8DBAC1D29BB1B250">2018</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="416B29D277A69F30182CE9193EE9E60F" type="pubDate">2018-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="83C8739B420DBBA6076FA3D43FEA9EE3">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="BC41FF78DEED3854D2756072ECE9D74D">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="222D6E3283D0EA632D4E6D27A0B331A1">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038C87A8FFACAC02FA177CEFF94B3F72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6646639" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195915433" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6646639" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C87A8FFACAC02FA177CEFF94B3F72" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87A8FFACAC02FA177CEFF94B3F72" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA177CEFFA75305E" box="[1444,1499,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA177CEFFA75305E" blockId="7.[1439,2635,991,1159]" box="[1444,1499,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<heading id="D0D281D2FFACAC02FA177CEFFA75305E" box="[1444,1499,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<figureCitation id="131E2A3BFFACAC02FA177CEFFA75305E" box="[1444,1499,991,1037]" captionStart="Plate 10: Macroscelididae" captionStartId="2.[115,145,3335,3360]" captionTargetBox="[12,2732,15,3638]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Golden-rumped Seng (Rhynchocyon chrysopygus), 2. Chequered Sengi (Rhynchocyon cirne), 3. White-tailed Sengi (Rhynchocyon stuhlmanni), 4. Black-and-rufous Sengi (Rhynchocyon petersi), 5. Gray-faced Sengi (Rhynchocyon udzungwensis), 6. Namib Round-eared Sengi (Macroscelides flavicaudatus), 7. Karoo Round-eared Sengi (Macroscelides proboscideus), 8. Etendeka Round-eared Sengi (Macroscelides micus), 9. Four-toed Sengi (Petrodromus tetradactylus), 10. North African Sengi (Petrosaltator rozeti), 11. Rufous Sengi (Elephantulus rufescens), 12. Somali Sengi (Elephantulus revoulii), 13. Dusky-footed Sengi (Elephantulus fuscipes), 14. Short-snouted Sengi (Elephantulus brachyrhynchus), 15. Dusky Sengi (Elephantulus fuscus), 16. Bushveld Sengi (Elephantulus intufi), 17. Western Rock Sengi (Elephantulus rupestris), 18. Eastern Rock Sengi (Elephantulus mywrus), 19. Cape Rock Sengi (Elephantulus edwardii), 20. Karoo Rock Sengi (Elephantulus pilicaudus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6646623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6646623/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">15.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA5F7CEFF947305E" box="[1516,1769,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA5F7CEFF947305E" blockId="7.[1439,2635,991,1159]" box="[1516,1769,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<heading id="D0D281D2FFACAC02FA5F7CEFF947305E" box="[1516,1769,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02FA5F7CEFF947305E" box="[1516,1769,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Dusky Sengi</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02F89D7CEFF737305E" box="[1838,2201,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02F89D7CEFF737305E" blockId="7.[1439,2635,991,1159]" box="[1838,2201,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<heading id="D0D281D2FFACAC02F89D7CEFF737305E" box="[1838,2201,991,1037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D3DFFACAC02F89D7CEFF737305E" ID-CoL="398CW" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1838,2201,991,1037]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Elephantulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02F89D7CEFF737305E" box="[1838,2201,991,1037]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Elephantulus fuscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA127B2FF89830D0" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA127B2FF75E3067" blockId="7.[1439,2635,991,1159]" box="[1441,2288,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<heading id="D0D281D2FFACAC02FA127B2FF75E3067" box="[1441,2288,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA127B2FFA433067" bold="true" box="[1441,1517,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02FA467B2FF9C43067" box="[1525,1642,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Sengi foncé</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02F9337B2FF9743067" bold="true" box="[1664,1754,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02F9577B2FF85B3067" box="[1764,2037,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Dunkle Elefantenspitzmaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02F7B97B2FF7C83067" bold="true" box="[2058,2150,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02F7DC7B2FF75E3067" box="[2159,2288,1055,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Sengi oscuro</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA127B77F89830D0" blockId="7.[1439,2635,991,1159]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<heading id="D0D281D2FFACAC02FA127B77F89830D0" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA127B77F939300F" bold="true" box="[1441,1687,1095,1116]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02F9127B77F82D300F" box="[1697,1923,1095,1116]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Dusky Elephant-shrew</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02F8227B77F6B9300F" box="[1937,2327,1095,1116]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Peters’s Short-snouted Elephant-shrew</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02F6957B77F5E9300F" box="[2342,2631,1095,1116]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Peters’s Short-snouted Seng</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02FA127B5EF93930D0" box="[1441,1687,1134,1155]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Zambezi Elephant-shrew</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="05264690FFACAC02F9177B5EF89830D0" box="[1700,1846,1134,1155]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Zambezi Sengi</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02F7B77B8AF7E030A8" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02F7B77B8AF7E030A8" blockId="7.[2051,2646,1210,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02F7B77B8AF7313080" bold="true" box="[2052,2207,1210,1235]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D3DFFACAC02F7717B8AF7E430A8" authority="Peters, 1852" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1852" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Macroscelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscus">Macroscelides fuscus Peters, 1852</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02F7D57BEEF7F43172" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02F7D57BEEF7F43172" blockId="7.[2051,2646,1210,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4D3CE3FFACAC02F7D57BEEF7F43172" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3808212306" country="Mozambique" location="Boror" municipality="Boror" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BFEACC4FFACAC02F7D57BEEF71930A8" box="[2150,2231,1246,1275]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Boror</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="9A282F9CFFACAC02F7677BEEF66630A8" box="[2260,2504,1246,1275]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">near Quelimane</locationDeviation>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F332762EFFACAC02F6567BEEF7F83172" name="Mozambique" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02F7B77A18F6C0311A" box="[2052,2414,1320,1353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02F7B77A18F6C0311A" blockId="7.[2051,2646,1210,1629]" box="[2052,2414,1320,1353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02F7B77A7FF6D231CB" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF5A6636FFACAC02F7B77A7FF6D231CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6646601" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6646601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6646601/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" targetBox="[1437,2028,1211,1625]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02F7B77A7FF6D231CB" blockId="7.[2051,2646,1210,1629]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02F7B77A7FF71A3123" bold="true" box="[2052,2228,1359,1392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Distribution.</emphasis>
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S Malawi and C Mozambique; perhaps SE Zambia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02F7B07AAEF86E3CD0" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02F7B07AAEF86E3CD0" blockId="7.[2051,2646,1210,1629]" lastBlockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02F7B07AAEF6B231EC" bold="true" box="[2051,2332,1438,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 105-125 mm, tail 86-116 mm, ear 19-20 mm, hindfoot 28-30 mm; weight c.45 g. Tail of the Dusky Sengi is ¢.90% of head-body length, has black hairs along mid-dorsal line, and is paler on ventral side. Tail tuft is absent. Pinnae are relatively large, upright, and rounded at tips. Supratragus is swollen and twisted backward on a constricted stalk. Snout is long, thin, and flexible. Dorsum is dark brown to dark gray-brown, and venter is dark gray. White eye-ring is present, without intruding post-ocular patch. Skin of plantar pes is dark and hairless. Females have two anterior, two intermediate, and two posterior nipples; males have no nipples. Five digits are present on each manus and pes. Pectoral gland is absent, and subcaudal gland is present. Dental formula is I 3/3,C1/1,P4/4,M 2/3 (x2) = 42. Third lower molaris present in only three extant species: the Short-snouted Sengi (
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D3DFFACAC02F8CC78AEF7DE33EC" box="[1919,2160,1950,1983]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Elephantulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyrhynchus">E. brachyrhynchus</taxonomicName>
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), the Dusky Sengi, and the Duskyfooted Sengi (
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D3DFFACAC02F9D478F5F95B33B5" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1894" box="[1639,1781,1989,2022]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Macroscelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscipes">E. fuscipes</taxonomicName>
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)—the basis for their previous assignment to the now defunct genus Nasilio. Canine sizes are subequal to adjacent teeth. Several bilateral pairs of palatal foramina are present. Postorbital processes are absent. In lateral view, margin of infraorbital foramen is oblique, and in anterior view, this opening appears somewhat triangular. Karyotype is unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA2D77BAF5B43CF8" box="[1438,2586,2186,2219]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA2D77BAF5B43CF8" blockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" box="[1438,2586,2186,2219]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA2D77BAF9A23CF8" bold="true" box="[1438,1548,2186,2219]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Grasslands with compact sandy substrates and scattered trees and bushes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA2E7782F6283CA9" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA2E7782F6283CA9" blockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA2E7782F90F3C80" bold="true" box="[1437,1697,2226,2259]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but diets of the Dusky Sengi are probably similar to other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C254D3DFFACAC02F76B77E9F62C3CA9" authorityName="Thomas & Schwann" authorityYear="1906" box="[2264,2434,2265,2298]" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" genus="Elephantulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Elephantulus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA2E7634F8BC3D72" box="[1437,1810,2308,2337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA2E7634F8BC3D72" blockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" box="[1437,1810,2308,2337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA2E7634F98D3D72" bold="true" box="[1437,1571,2308,2337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA287617F8DB3D1B" box="[1435,1909,2343,2376]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA287617F8DB3D1B" blockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" box="[1435,1909,2343,2376]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA287617F9283D1B" bold="true" box="[1435,1670,2343,2376]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA2E767FF6E63D23" box="[1437,2376,2383,2416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA2E767FF6E63D23" blockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" box="[1437,2376,2383,2416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA2E767FF7F63D23" bold="true" box="[1437,2136,2383,2416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA2E7647F9213E81" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA2E7647F9213E81" blockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA2E7647F8AE3DCB" bold="true" box="[1437,1792,2423,2456]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Population trend of the Dusky Sengi is unknown. A specimen sighting was most recently published in 2005, but all collected voucher specimens predate 1968. About twenty localities of occurrence were recorded in southern Malawi and central Mozambique in ¢.115,000 km?. If these data were current and distribution was not severely fragmented, size of this area could justify a classification of Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. However, distribution overlaps some areas that are densely populated by humans, so extent of suitable habitat could be much smaller than generalized polygons suggest from old records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33F6535FFACAC02FA2E75D2F94B3F72" pageId="7" pageNumber="232" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A36BEFFACAC02FA2E75D2F94B3F72" blockId="7.[1435,2644,1635,2849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951EAACFFACAC02FA2E75D2F99B3EA8" bold="true" box="[1437,1589,2786,2811]" pageId="7" pageNumber="232">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Corbet (1974), Corbet & Hanks (1968), Evans (1942), Perrin (2013c), Rathbun (2009, 20159), Smithers & Lobéao Tello (1976).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |