130 lines
16 KiB
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130 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="8A2395CEDAC82CC8520A2B591809E25B" ID-DOI="10.5252/g2011n3a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5381380" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630292643081" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Geraads, Denis, Spassov, Nikolaï, Hristova, Latinka, Markov, Georgi N. & Tzankov, Tzanko" docDate="2011" docId="0387BB49FFAF3D00FD54CCDDFDFFF918" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.2011.33.3.451-484.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 33 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2011n3a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DF8BFA78045876A77BB343B212438C9A.3:Geodiversitas.2011-2012.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="DF8BFA78045876A77BB343B212438C9A" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2011-2012.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner 1848" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="475" masterDocId="FFBEC331FFB83D18FF8ACF6DFF9CFFBC" masterDocTitle="Upper Miocene mammals from Strumyani, South-Western Bulgaria" masterLastPageNumber="484" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="474" updateTime="1699217341029" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="93B70B1B1F622AE2BD41CA6D75674191">
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<mods:title id="927CC3534BF84228EEF90BAFF74CF587">Upper Miocene mammals from Strumyani, South-Western Bulgaria</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C5AD91A41950FE5D32B95847BB9805A2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B913C61DC9FFEFB1BC9BE3BC6474AB5C">Geraads, Denis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD0DD86880D3772D6BAD37CC0BEAE541">Spassov, Nikolaï</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D571A991DD0DE7A5B2B05C1B7A468399">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F0B97E24A0CBF7C520AFF88F7D028DA2">Hristova, Latinka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="FEE371679C3EB1068D8FD1C15C1489BB" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="557ED4273883B0E88595A31A0C77914B">Markov, Georgi N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="E53C84617A062FC8DAE797F87718C13E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="05D9CB9CF06DD811196181797E8E0F4D">Tzankov, Tzanko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2D86DBDCEEA880F5A0692A656D670AF3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="645806775356778854BE9C400E4A21E0">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A6C46B7FCBE934EF0D1A3A034EF9FB41">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CF8ED4E423F4D61F2397DD1E518BC042">2011-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="17E28C8501D49D8885BA794953C07C20">33</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="2CA830303FF037A9578479F356C10042">451</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="DB772B20336394ED37F8C7796FBAF2DF" type="DOI">10.5252/g2011n3a3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E354732C79F53C2C42CB079C61FCC1C5" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0387BB49FFAF3D00FD54CCDDFDFFF918" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5466077" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5466077" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387BB49FFAF3D00FD54CCDDFDFFF918" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0387BB49FFAF3D00FD54CCDDFDFFF918" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
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<subSubSection id="C33459D4FFAF3D00FD54CCDDFE5EFB15" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B910A5FFFAF3D0FFD54CCDDFB1CFC77" blockId="23.[734,1152,944,971]" box="[734,1152,944,971]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
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<heading id="D0D9BD33FFAF3D0FFD54CCDDFB1CFC77" box="[734,1152,944,971]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2E71DCFFAF3D0FFD54CCDDFB1CFC77" authority="Wagner, 1848" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1848" box="[734,1152,944,971]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Palaeoreas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lindermayeri">
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<emphasis id="B95AD64DFFAF3D0FFD54CCDDFC7DFC77" bold="true" box="[734,993,944,971]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Palaeoreas lindermayeri</emphasis>
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Wagner, 1848
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B910A5FFFAF3D00FD2FCC9DFE5EFB15" blockId="23.[675,1212,1008,1700]" lastBlockId="24.[111,647,1103,1700]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
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This antelope is quite common at Strumyani. It is represented by a complete skull, FM-2738, (
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<figureCitation id="131516DAFFAF3D0FFD27CB42FC89FBF6" box="[685,789,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[146,1176,221,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-17@22.[113,1209,209,1608]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 13. — Fossil mammals from the Miocene of Strumyani (SW Bulgaria): A-C, F, G, Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner, 1848; A, skull FM-2738, front view; B, mandible FM-2744; C, mandible FM-2783; F, frontlet FM-2740; G, frontlet FM-2780; D, I, J, Prostrepsiceros rotundicornis (Weithofer, 1888); D, mandible FM-2331; I, frontlet FM-2779; J, frontlet FM-2739; E, Palaeoryx sp., tooth row p2-m2 FM-2251; H, Tragoportax sp., skull FM-2094. Scale bar: A, G-J, 20 cm; B-E, 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5381398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5381398/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
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), two frontlets, FM-2740 (
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<figureCitation id="131516DAFFAF3D0FFBC4CB42FB2DFBF6" box="[1102,1201,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[146,1176,221,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-17@22.[113,1209,209,1608]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 13. — Fossil mammals from the Miocene of Strumyani (SW Bulgaria): A-C, F, G, Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner, 1848; A, skull FM-2738, front view; B, mandible FM-2744; C, mandible FM-2783; F, frontlet FM-2740; G, frontlet FM-2780; D, I, J, Prostrepsiceros rotundicornis (Weithofer, 1888); D, mandible FM-2331; I, frontlet FM-2779; J, frontlet FM-2739; E, Palaeoryx sp., tooth row p2-m2 FM-2251; H, Tragoportax sp., skull FM-2094. Scale bar: A, G-J, 20 cm; B-E, 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5381398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5381398/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Fig. 13F</figureCitation>
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) and FM-2780 (
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<figureCitation id="131516DAFFAF3D0FFCDBCB22FC2BFBD6" box="[849,951,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[146,1176,221,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-17@22.[113,1209,209,1608]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 13. — Fossil mammals from the Miocene of Strumyani (SW Bulgaria): A-C, F, G, Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner, 1848; A, skull FM-2738, front view; B, mandible FM-2744; C, mandible FM-2783; F, frontlet FM-2740; G, frontlet FM-2780; D, I, J, Prostrepsiceros rotundicornis (Weithofer, 1888); D, mandible FM-2331; I, frontlet FM-2779; J, frontlet FM-2739; E, Palaeoryx sp., tooth row p2-m2 FM-2251; H, Tragoportax sp., skull FM-2094. Scale bar: A, G-J, 20 cm; B-E, 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5381398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5381398/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Fig. 13G</figureCitation>
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), and several mandibles (
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<figureCitation id="131516DAFFAF3D0FFD26CB02FCA9FB36" box="[684,821,1135,1162]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[146,1176,221,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-17@22.[113,1209,209,1608]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 13. — Fossil mammals from the Miocene of Strumyani (SW Bulgaria): A-C, F, G, Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner, 1848; A, skull FM-2738, front view; B, mandible FM-2744; C, mandible FM-2783; F, frontlet FM-2740; G, frontlet FM-2780; D, I, J, Prostrepsiceros rotundicornis (Weithofer, 1888); D, mandible FM-2331; I, frontlet FM-2779; J, frontlet FM-2739; E, Palaeoryx sp., tooth row p2-m2 FM-2251; H, Tragoportax sp., skull FM-2094. Scale bar: A, G-J, 20 cm; B-E, 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5381398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5381398/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Fig. 13B, C</figureCitation>
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; measurements:
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<tableCitation id="C6AC3FE4FFAF3D0FFC64CB02FBD1FB36" box="[1006,1101,1135,1162]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="20.[183,194,220,237]" captionText="TABLE 4. — Measurements (in mm) of bovid frontlets. 1, PIUW; 2, NHM; 3, Kostopoulos 2005; 4, Kostopoulos 2006." pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Tables 4</tableCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6AC3FE4FFAF3D0FFBD6CB02FBF0FB36" box="[1116,1132,1135,1162]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="23.[217,226,219,236]" captionText="TABLE 5. — Measurements (in mm) of bovid lower tooth-rows from the Miocene of Strumyani (SW Bulgaria)." pageId="23" pageNumber="474">5</tableCitation>
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). They display the typical features of this species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBF77AEFFAF3D0FFB0BCBE3FC83FB75" author="BOUVRAIN G." pageId="23" pageNumber="474" pagination="55 - 65" refId="ref18917" refString="BOUVRAIN G. 1980. - Le genre Palaeoreas (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae), systematique et extension geographique. Palaontologische Zeitschrift 54: 55 - 65." type="journal article" year="1980">Bouvrain 1980</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBF77AEFFAF3D0FFCA0CBC3FB9DFB75" author="GERAADS D. & SPASSOV N. & KOVACHEV D." box="[810,1025,1198,1225]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" pagination="405 - 415" refId="ref19528" refString="GERAADS D., SPASSOV N. & KOVACHEV D. 2003. - Palaeoreas lindermayeri (Wagner, 1848) (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the upper Miocene of Bulgaria, and a revision of the species. Geodiversitas 25 (2): 405 - 415." type="journal article" year="2003">
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Geraads
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<emphasis id="B95AD64DFFAF3D0FFC03CBC2FC22FB74" box="[905,958,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">et al.</emphasis>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The horn-cores are moderately inclined posteriorly, with their anterior edge in the same plane as the frontals, and rather far from the orbits. They are massive relative to skull size, divergent by an angle of about 50°, strongly twisted on their axis but with no spiralling, slightly compressed medio-laterally, with a sharp but not very strong postero-lateral keel and a more blunt anterior one. The mid-frontal suture is fused, only a trace of it being visible on the frontlet; the supra-orbital foramina open into large and deep depressions that are not very wide apart. Both sides of the occipital face mostly posteriorly; the basioccipital is quite long for the size of the animal, it has a long central grove, and strong anterior tuberosities. The parietal has a straight top surface that is much inclined in respect to the facial plane, the frontals being much raised between the horn-cores.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF515AD7FFA03D00FFFBCC91FB27FBB1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5381400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5381400" box="[113,1211,1020,1037]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5381400/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" startId="24.[113,124,1020,1037]" targetBox="[297,1026,215,977]" targetPageId="24">
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<paragraph id="8B910A5FFFA03D00FFFBCC91FB27FBB1" blockId="24.[113,1211,1020,1037]" box="[113,1211,1020,1037]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
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FIG. 14. — Plot of premolar
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<emphasis id="B95AD64DFFA03D00FEDBCC91FEFFFBB1" box="[337,355,1020,1037]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">vs</emphasis>
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molar length (in mm) in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2E71DCFFA03D00FDACCC91FCC0FBB1" authority="Wagner, 1848" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1848" box="[550,860,1020,1037]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Palaeoreas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lindermayeri">
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<emphasis id="B95AD64DFFA03D00FDACCC91FD7BFBB1" box="[550,743,1020,1037]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Palaeoreas lindermayeri</emphasis>
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Wagner, 1848
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</taxonomicName>
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from Strumyani, Hadjidimovo and Pikermi.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C33459D4FFA03D00FF02CBC3FDFFF918" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B910A5FFFA03D00FF02CBC3FDFFF918" blockId="24.[111,647,1103,1700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">
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Several mandibles can probably also be referred to this species. On the molars, the labial walls are somewhat convex, there is a small ectostylid, at least on m1, a clear goat fold, and the third lobe of m3 is rather small. The premolars are moderately long (index Pm/M = 55-60), p3 and p4 are similar to each other, with a parastylid well distinct from the paraconid, an oblique metaconid cristid only slightly more transverse and inflated lingually on p4, and a broad labial groove between protoconid and hypoconid. The size range of the tooth rows is about the same as those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2E71DCFFA03D00FEC7C966FE74F998" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1848" box="[333,488,1546,1572]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Palaeoreas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lindermayeri">
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<emphasis id="B95AD64DFFA03D00FEC7C966FE74F998" box="[333,488,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">P. lindermayeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Pikermi, but average smaller than those from Hadjidimovo. The horn core diameters (
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<figureCitation id="131516DAFFA03D00FE0DC927FE48F9D9" box="[391,468,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[113,124,1020,1037]" captionTargetBox="[297,1026,215,977]" captionTargetId="graphics-330@24.[327,1025,215,948]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 14. — Plot of premolar vs molar length (in mm) in Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner, 1848 from Strumyani, Hadjidimovo and Pikermi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5381400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5381400/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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) are also smaller than at Hadjidimovo and close to the ones from Pikermi and Kalimantsi (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBF77AEFFA03D00FE0AC9E4FDCAF918" author="GERAADS D. & SPASSOV N. & KOVACHEV D." box="[384,598,1673,1700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="475" pagination="405 - 415" refId="ref19528" refString="GERAADS D., SPASSOV N. & KOVACHEV D. 2003. - Palaeoreas lindermayeri (Wagner, 1848) (Mammalia, Bovidae) from the upper Miocene of Bulgaria, and a revision of the species. Geodiversitas 25 (2): 405 - 415." type="journal article" year="2003">
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Geraads
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<emphasis id="B95AD64DFFA03D00FE6AC9E7FD88F91F" box="[480,532,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="475">et al.</emphasis>
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2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |