223 lines
25 KiB
XML
223 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="7C2DBE642F2F701982920DFCD20C6D22" ID-CLB-Dataset="21272" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05d1bac2-fe53-42ba-a04d-bc4828adaf4e" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3990100" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1597771971732" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Liseki, Steven D. & Vane-Wright, Richard I." docDate="2015" docId="03E687FCFFADFF8D49A7FA92FD38FC07" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.50.13-14.865-904.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 50" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Ypthima asterope subsp. asterope asterope (Klug 1832" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="879" masterDocId="FFDFFF84FFA0FF834804FFE3FFBEFFB1" masterDocTitle="Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae" masterLastPageNumber="904" masterPageNumber="865" pageNumber="878" updateTime="1698844713879" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="D5279ABA48B53886322AE012099F608B">Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="849EE8399B7FDA09D5EBAF5BC7B58476">Liseki, Steven D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F328A23E63FF3E7FEBB8579BD09C11A0">Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; & Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="52B7C5BF7CCAB313CF8B15118FADA279">Vane-Wright, Richard I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C6D030ABF0BE50817268EF5E51A2C5B0">Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; & Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; & School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E3C870FE80845AF4C893DAD9FDEFA5AB">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="36FFADA66A1223EBB017FA39AB7F26FD">
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<mods:date id="CDC79DCEA4380128F6C1C519BC6ACCF1">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0B43F7FCC438B1EBDC9AEF8F060D605F">2015-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2D32E5A1ECD80F4024F2A4E5CE759A59">50</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="52D3B238102F0705F8EAFDA60AC5F3E7">865</mods:start>
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<treatment id="03E687FCFFADFF8D49A7FA92FD38FC07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4339016" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167186723" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4339016" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFADFF8D49A7FA92FD38FC07" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687FCFFADFF8D49A7FA92FD38FC07" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="879" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">
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[
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFADFF8E49AFFA92FCC4FA3B" ID-CoL="9235H" authority="asterope (Klug, 1832)" authorityName="asterope (Klug" authorityYear="1832" baseAuthorityName="Klug" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[427,890,1393,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="asterope" subSpecies="asterope">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E49AFFA92FD5FFA3B" box="[427,737,1393,1418]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">Ypthima asterope asterope</emphasis>
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(Klug, 1832)
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</taxonomicName>
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]
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFADFF8E48A4FA45FEE4FA50" blockId="13.[160,1156,1446,1574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFADFF8E48A4FA45FE89FA0F" author="Kielland J" box="[160,311,1446,1470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" pagination="99 - 154" refId="ref22313" refString="Kielland J. 1982. Revision of the genus Ypthima in the Ethiopian region excluding Madagascar (Lepidoptera, Satyridae). Tijdschr Entomol. 125: 99 - 154." type="journal article" year="1982">Kielland 1982</bibRefCitation>
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: pl.1, figs 1
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E49B0FA45FE7FFA0F" box="[436,449,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">–</emphasis>
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8.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFADFF8E49DFFA45FDDFFA0F" author="Larsen TB" box="[475,609,1446,1470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" refId="ref22516" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 30, fig. 428 i, ii. d
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E4B4DFA45FCF0FA0F" box="[841,846,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">’</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFADFF8E4B4BFA45FBB2FA0F" author="Abrera B" box="[847,1036,1446,1470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" refId="ref21924" refString="d ' Abrera B. 1997. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region (2 nd edn). Part I. Papilionidae, Pieridae, Acraeidae, Danaidae & Satyridae. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1997">Abrera 1997: 231</bibRefCitation>
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(2 figs). SI: Figure 11e
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E493CFA2AFEFBFA50" box="[312,325,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">–</emphasis>
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h.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3556561FFADFF8D48A4FA08FD38FC07" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="879" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFADFF8E48A4FA08FD62F997" blockId="13.[160,1156,1446,1574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">
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Forewing length: male
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12.5
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E49D7FA08FE5EF9B2" box="[467,480,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">–</emphasis>
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15.5 mm
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</quantity>
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[mean (
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E4AA4FA08FD10F9B2" box="[672,686,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">n</emphasis>
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= 4)
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFADFF8E4AEDFA08FCE2F9B2" box="[745,860,1515,1539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.435" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="14.35">14.35 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 0.656]; female 16.0
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E4C72FA08FB3DF9B2" box="[1142,1155,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">–</emphasis>
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||
18.0 mm [mean (
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E4980F9EDFE2CF997" box="[388,402,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">n</emphasis>
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= 2)
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFADFF8E49D6F9EDFDF8F997" box="[466,582,1550,1574]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.685" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" unit="mm" value="16.85">16.85 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 0.354].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFADFF8D48A4F9A2FD52FF5D" blockId="13.[160,1156,1601,1763]" lastBlockId="14.[160,1155,142,236]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="879" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">
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Note: as indicated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFADFF8E49A4F9A2FDFCF9E8" author="Kielland J" box="[416,578,1601,1625]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" refId="ref22372" refString="Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1990">Kielland (1990</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 85), who only knew of one reliable record for
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<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFADFF8E48A4F980FEBDF9CA" box="[160,259,1635,1659]" name="Tanzania" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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based on a single male collected near Amani by T.H.E. Jackson, without dissection this butterfly is very difficult to separate from other species.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFADFF8E4BD4F965FBDEF92F" author="Larsen TB" box="[976,1120,1670,1694]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" refId="ref22516" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen (1996</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 274), however, offered exophenotypic characters for separation, including a difference in antennal segment number between
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFADFF8E4A57F928FD6EF952" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1832" box="[595,720,1739,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterope">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E4A57F928FD6EF952" box="[595,720,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">Y. asterope</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFADFF8E4B10F928FBDAF952" authority="Kielland, 1982" authorityName="Kielland" authorityYear="1982" box="[788,1124,1739,1763]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yatta">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFADFF8E4B10F928FC0BF952" box="[788,949,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="878">Ypthima yatta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFADFF8E4BC6F928FBDAF952" author="Kielland J" box="[962,1124,1739,1763]" pageId="13" pageNumber="878" pagination="99 - 154" refId="ref22313" refString="Kielland J. 1982. Revision of the genus Ypthima in the Ethiopian region excluding Madagascar (Lepidoptera, Satyridae). Tijdschr Entomol. 125: 99 - 154." type="journal article" year="1982">Kielland, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a Kenyan and Ethiopian species considered otherwise to be
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4B52FF6DFCE2FF17" box="[854,860,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">‘</emphasis>
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similar
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4BA0FF6DFC17FF17" box="[932,937,142,166]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">’</emphasis>
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. These differences were first noted by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFAEFF8D4981FF52FD98FF78" author="Kielland J" box="[389,550,177,201]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" pagination="99 - 154" refId="ref22313" refString="Kielland J. 1982. Revision of the genus Ypthima in the Ethiopian region excluding Madagascar (Lepidoptera, Satyridae). Tijdschr Entomol. 125: 99 - 154." type="journal article" year="1982">Kielland (1982</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 108), including
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4B00FF52FCC3FF78" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1832" box="[772,893,177,201]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterope">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4B00FF52FCC3FF78" box="[772,893,177,201]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Y. asterope</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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reported as having 32 antennal
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D490FFF30FEAEFF5A" box="[267,272,211,235]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">‘</emphasis>
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joints
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D494AFF30FEEAFF5A" box="[334,340,211,235]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">’</emphasis>
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[segments], but only
|
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFAEFF8D4A4BFF37FD37FF5D" box="[591,649,212,236]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" unit="in" value="29.0">29 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4A96FF37FD58FF5D" authorityName="Kielland" authorityYear="1982" box="[658,742,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yatta">
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4A96FF37FD58FF5D" box="[658,742,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Y. yatta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFAEFF8D48A4FECFFEDFFEF7" blockId="14.[160,1156,300,950]" box="[160,353,300,326]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">
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<heading id="D0B88186FFAEFF8D48A4FECFFEDFFEF7" box="[160,353,300,326]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D48A4FECFFEDFFEF7" bold="true" box="[160,353,300,326]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" reason="3">Putative records</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFAEFF8D48A4FEB2FD38FC07" blockId="14.[160,1156,300,950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">
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According to notes apparently made by the late Jan Kielland, a pair of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4BE3FEB2FBFDFED8" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1818" box="[999,1091,337,361]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4BE3FEB2FBFDFED8" box="[999,1091,337,361]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Ypthima</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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from Lake Manyara in BMNH (collected by Cooper), formerly identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4BD6FE90FBF1FE3A" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1832" box="[978,1103,371,395]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterope">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4BD6FE90FBF1FE3A" box="[978,1103,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Y. asterope</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, are
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D48A4FE75FD94FE1F" authority="van Son, 1955" authorityName="van Son" authorityYear="1955" box="[160,554,406,430]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D48A4FE75FEC6FE1F" box="[160,376,406,430]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Ypthima antennata</emphasis>
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van Son, 1955
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</taxonomicName>
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(SI: Figure 12a
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4ADFFE75FD56FE1F" box="[731,744,406,430]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">–</emphasis>
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d).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFAEFF8D4B14FE75FBE6FE1F" author="Moehlman PD & Liseki SD" box="[784,1112,406,430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" refId="ref22985" refString="Moehlman PD, Liseki SD. 2003. A guide to the butterflies of Tarangire National Park and Lake Manyara National Park. Gland: WWF." type="book" year="2003">Moehlman and Liseki (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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||
list
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D48A4FE5AFE8EFE60" authorityName="van Son" authorityYear="1955" box="[160,304,441,465]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D48A4FE5AFE8EFE60" box="[160,304,441,465]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Y. antennata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as rare during the wet season at Lake Manyara National Park.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4C23FE5AFF43FE42" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterope">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4C23FE5AFF43FE42" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Ypthima asterope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is included here as a possible member of the lower slopes fauna based on four males and two females in OUMNH, long standing over the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4B83FE1DFBBEFDA7" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1832" box="[903,1024,510,534]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterope">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4B83FE1DFBBEFDA7" box="[903,1024,510,534]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Y. asterope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and which do not appear to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4990FDC2FD9CFD88" authorityName="van Son" authorityYear="1955" box="[404,546,545,569]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4990FDC2FD9CFD88" box="[404,546,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Y. antennata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected by Rogers at Taveta, c.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFAEFF8D4BA9FDC2FC41FD88" box="[941,1023,545,569]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft</quantity>
|
||
, on various dates in 1905. Supposedly found mainly in arid bush, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFAEFF8D4B97FDA0FBDCFDEA" author="Ackery PR & Smith CR & Vane-Wright RI" box="[915,1122,579,603]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" refId="ref20969" refString="Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson ' s African Butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne: CSIRO." type="book" year="1995">Ackery et al. (1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 305),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D48DAFD85FEE9FDCF" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1832" box="[222,343,614,638]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterope">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D48DAFD85FEE9FDCF" box="[222,343,614,638]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Y. asterope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D49EAFD85FD9BFDCF" box="[494,549,614,638]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
through parts of the Arabian peninsula and much of Africa south of the Sahara, with a separate subspecies (or replacement species:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFAEFF8D4C3EFD6AFF69FD72" author="Larsen TB" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" refId="ref22516" refString="Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1996">Larsen 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 275) recognized in the southwest (western Cape,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4B7AFD48FC65FD72" box="[894,987,683,707]" name="Namibia" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4C22FD48FBC4FD72" box="[1062,1146,683,707]" name="Angola" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFAEFF8D4912FD2DFE05FD57" author="Kielland J" box="[278,443,718,742]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" pagination="99 - 154" refId="ref22313" refString="Kielland J. 1982. Revision of the genus Ypthima in the Ethiopian region excluding Madagascar (Lepidoptera, Satyridae). Tijdschr Entomol. 125: 99 - 154." type="journal article" year="1982">Kielland (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 107) noted that he had not seen reliable specimens or records from DCR to southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4A04FD12FDEEFCB8" box="[512,592,753,777]" name="Nigeria" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4A88FD12FD69FCB8" box="[652,727,753,777]" name="Ghana" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4AE6FD12FC87FCB8" box="[738,825,753,777]" name="Zambia" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4B41FD12FC1EFCB8" box="[837,928,753,777]" name="Burundi" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Burundi</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4BA8FD12FBB8FCB8" box="[940,1030,753,777]" name="Rwanda" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
|
||
or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4C2AFD12FB3EFCB8" box="[1070,1152,753,777]" name="Malawi" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFAEFF8D48A4FCF0FECBFC9A" author="Heath A & Newport MA & Hancock D" box="[160,373,787,811]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" refId="ref22204" refString="Heath A, Newport MA, Hancock D. 2002. The Butterflies of Zambia. Nairobi: ABRI." type="book" year="2002">Heath et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not include it among the 11 species they recorded for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4C2DFCF0FB3EFC9A" box="[1065,1152,787,811]" name="Zambia" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFAEFF8D48A4FCD5FE8DFCFF" author="Gifford D" box="[160,307,822,846]" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" refId="ref22106" refString="Gifford D. 1965. A list of the butterflies of Malawi. Blantyre: Society of Malawi." type="book" year="1965">Gifford (1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 92) did include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D4A08FCD5FDD7FCFF" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1832" box="[524,617,822,846]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asterope">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4A08FCD5FDD7FCFF" box="[524,617,822,846]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">asterope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFAEFF8D4A93FCD5FD57FCFF" box="[663,745,822,846]" name="Malawi" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Malawi</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but his material (presumed to be in RSM Edinburgh), identified long before Kielland
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D4AB9FCBBFD7CFCC1" box="[701,706,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">’</emphasis>
|
||
s 1982 revision, needs to be checked. If possible, a long series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFAEFF8D49C9FC98FD97FC22" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1818" box="[461,553,891,915]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ypthima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFAEFF8D49C9FC98FD97FC22" box="[461,553,891,915]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="879">Ypthima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be sought from various areas on the lower slopes, and subject to critical examination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |