1069 lines
127 KiB
XML
1069 lines
127 KiB
XML
<document id="EA504D7D84FE9E040E715D854D068C9E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4094.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="60d01d07-7735-4a32-9292-82ead909e804" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="266544" ID-ZooBank="E5F1E766-687D-4B00-974B-8D7939DC66A0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459242848466" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="David G. Herbert & Adnan Mousalli" docDate="2016" docId="03E687FCE02DD765FF1A11FA0A5B9FD9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4094.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4094 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Nata vernicosa Krauss 1848, sensu lato" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FFDFFF84E00DD747FF8D116D0B0A9828" masterDocTitle="Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa — Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698186665173" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="44FBD1928C1FEC512B48DA6E401E584D">Revision of the dwarf cannibal snails (Nata s. l.) of southern Africa — Nata s. s. and Natella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rhytididae), with description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="118E8743B7B6D33FEE1D7A56ADFD6944">David G. Herbert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9B5394FD9143636D1D92F5A27B576E44">Adnan Mousalli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D9F1FEEEE4AC1819629C99D8C88F0ACD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5C212C4660AFB86F32385C95354F55BD">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F847C3C3403D81859AF40C364C948F9B">4094</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E687FCE02DD765FF1A11FA0A5B9FD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5615852" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119319680" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5615852" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCE02DD765FF1A11FA0A5B9FD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687FCE02DD765FF1A11FA0A5B9FD9" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C3556561E02DD767FF1A11FA0A0998FB" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A11FA09819899" blockId="32.[151,651,151,211]" box="[151,651,151,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0B88186E02DD767FF1A11FA09819899" bold="true" box="[151,651,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A11FA09819899" bold="true" box="[151,651,151,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A11FA0903989A" authority="Krauss, 1848" authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,521,151,178]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="vernicosa">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A11FA0A469899" bold="true" box="[151,332,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FED611F5090B989A" author="Krauss" box="[347,513,152,178]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Krauss, F. (1848) Die sudafrikanischen Mollusken. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Kap- und Natallandes und zur geographischen Verbreitung derselben, mit Beschreibung und Abbildung der neuen Arten. Ebner & Seubert, Stuttgart, ii + 140 pp, 6 pls." type="book" year="1848">Krauss, 1848</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FD9C11FA09819899" box="[529,651,151,177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" sensu="lato" species="sensu" subSpecies="lato">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02DD767FD9C11FA09819899" box="[529,651,151,177]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" sensu="lato">
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD9C11FA09819899" bold="true" box="[529,651,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A11D70A0998FB" blockId="32.[151,651,151,211]" box="[151,259,186,211]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<figureCitation id="13742A6FE02DD767FF1A11D70A0998FB" box="[151,259,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,433,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,425,1864]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Type material of Nata vernicosa and synonyms. A – C, Helix vernicosa Krauss, 1848, lectotype (here designated), diameter 10.2 mm (SMNH 4965). D – F, Helix (Macrocyclis) liparoxantha Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 18.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.7). G – I, Helix (Macrocyclis) caenotera Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 17.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.8). J – L, Natalina chaplini Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894, lectotype, diameter 10.4 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.9). M – O, Helix vernicosa var. minor Pfeiffer, 1853, lectotype, diameter 8.0 mm (SMNH 4965)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266568/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figure 24</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3556561E02DD767FF1A119009119CC0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A11900839991A" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A11900839991A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A11900AE4993B" authority="Krauss, 1848: 76" authorityName="Krauss" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,494,253,275]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A11900A3D993B" box="[151,311,253,275]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEB311930AE4993B" author="Krauss" box="[318,494,253,275]" page="76" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1848">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEB311930AC2993B" author="Krauss" box="[318,456,253,275]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Krauss, F. (1848) Die sudafrikanischen Mollusken. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Kap- und Natallandes und zur geographischen Verbreitung derselben, mit Beschreibung und Abbildung der neuen Arten. Ebner & Seubert, Stuttgart, ii + 140 pp, 6 pls." type="book" year="1848">Krauss, 1848</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 76
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 4, fig. 23.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD0E11900833993B" author="Pfeiffer" box="[643,825,253,275]" page="93" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1849">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD0E11900818993B" author="Pfeiffer" box="[643,786,253,275]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Pfeiffer, L. (1849) Nachtrage zu L. Pfeiffer Monographia heliceorum viventium. Zeitschrift fur Malakozoologie, 5 (1848), 89 - 94." type="journal article" year="1849">Pfeiffer, 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 93
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCC9119308CC993B" author="Reeve" box="[836,966,253,275]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Reeve, L. (1851 - 1854) Monograph of the genus Helix. Conchologica Iconica, 7, pls. 1 - 210. [Lovell Reeve, London]" type="journal article" year="1851">Reeve, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: sp. 198, pl. 43.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FBE211900E23993B" author="Morelet" box="[1135,1321,253,275]" page="19" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1889">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FBE211900E09993B" author="Morelet" box="[1135,1283,253,275]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Morelet, A. (1889) Coquilles nouvelles de l'Afrique meridionale. Journal de Conchyliologie, 37, 5 - 20." type="journal article" year="1889">Morelet, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 19
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Herbert & Warén, 1998: 235.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02DD767FE0A10700AB3991A" box="[391,441,285,306]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
loc.: ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE76107009A1991A" box="[507,683,284,306]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">in terra natalensi</emphasis>
|
||
’ [Wahlberg].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A105708E39978" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1001,314,336]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A10570A3D9978" box="[151,311,314,336]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A10570A3D9978" box="[151,311,314,336]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
β.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FEDB105609449978" authority="Pfeiffer, 1853: 95" authorityName="Pfeiffer" authorityPageNumber="95" authorityYear="1853" box="[342,590,314,336]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEDB10560A999978" box="[342,403,315,336]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">minor</emphasis>
|
||
Pfeiffer, 1853: 95
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02DD767FDDA105609839978" box="[599,649,315,336]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
loc.: ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD46105708D09978" box="[715,986,314,336]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AE02DD767FD46105708099978" box="[715,771,314,336]" name="South Africa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natal</collectingCountry>
|
||
Africae meridionalis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A103409FE9947" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,756,345,367]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A10340A899947" box="[151,387,345,367]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa" subGenus="Pella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A10340BC49947" box="[151,206,345,367]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF5110340A1B9947" box="[220,273,345,367]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Pella</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEAC10370A899947" box="[289,387,346,367]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE11103409229947" author="Pfeiffer" box="[412,552,345,367]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Pfeiffer, L. (1878 - 1881). Nomenclator heliceorum viventium. [Posthumous work edited by S. Clessin]. Fischer, Cassel, 617 pp. [Pp. 1 - 64, 1878; 65 - 192, 1879; 193 - 400, 1879 - 80; 401 - 546, 1881; 547 - 617, 1881; cf. Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="book chapter" year="1879">
|
||
Pfeiffer,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02DD767FE78103409229947" box="[501,552,345,367]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.77266" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="1879.0">1879</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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in
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FDC5103409B79947" box="[584,701,345,367]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1878" valueMax="1881">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDC5103409769947" author="Pfeiffer" box="[584,636,345,367]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Pfeiffer, L. (1878 - 1881) Nomenclator heliceorum viventium. Fischer, Cassel, 617 pp." type="book" year="1878">1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1881
|
||
</date>
|
||
: 102.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A10150F4699A6" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1100,376,398]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A10150F4699A6" box="[151,1100,376,398]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A10150A3099A6" box="[151,314,376,398]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Elaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A10150A3099A6" box="[151,314,376,398]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Elaea vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FED81014090F99A6" author="Tryon" box="[341,517,376,398]" page="130" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1885">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FED810140AD999A6" author="Tryon" box="[341,467,376,398]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Tryon, G. W. (1885) Testacellidae, Oleacinidae, Streptaxidae, Helicoidea, Vitrinidae, Limacidae, Arionidae. Manual of Conchology, Series 2, 1, 1 - 364, pls. 1 - 60. [G. W. Tryon, Philadelphia]" type="journal article" year="1885">Tryon, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 130
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 28, figs 52–54 [as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FD611014086799A6" box="[748,877,377,398]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Elaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="verrucosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD611014086799A6" box="[748,877,377,398]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">E. verrucosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FCF11014089299A6" box="[892,920,377,398]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] in plate legend].
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A10FB09739984" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,633,406,429]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A10FB09739984" box="[151,633,406,429]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A10FB0A309985" box="[151,314,406,429]" class="Insecta" family="Mantidae" genus="Elaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A10FB0A309985" box="[151,314,406,429]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Elaea vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FECC10FA0AA29985" box="[321,424,407,429]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="variety" variety="minor">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEE110F50AA29985" box="[364,424,408,429]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE4E10FA097F9984" author="Tryon" box="[451,629,406,428]" page="131" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1885">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE4E10FA09489984" author="Tryon" box="[451,578,406,428]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Tryon, G. W. (1885) Testacellidae, Oleacinidae, Streptaxidae, Helicoidea, Vitrinidae, Limacidae, Arionidae. Manual of Conchology, Series 2, 1, 1 - 364, pls. 1 - 60. [G. W. Tryon, Philadelphia]" type="journal article" year="1885">Tryon, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 131
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A10D80E8499E3" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1422,437,459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A10D80E8499E3" box="[151,1422,437,459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A10D8082B99E3" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892b: 238" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityPageNumber="238" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,801,437,459]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caenotera" subGenus="Macrocyclis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A10D80BC499E3" box="[151,206,437,459]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF5110D80A5299E3" box="[220,344,437,459]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocyclis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEEA10DB0AC699E3" box="[359,460,438,459]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">caenotera</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE5E10D8082B99E3" author="Melvill" box="[467,801,437,459]" page="238" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1892">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE5E10D809E599E3" author="Melvill" box="[467,751,437,459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1892 b) Descriptions of thirteen new species of terrestrial and freshwater Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 10, 237 - 242. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939208677401" type="journal article" year="1892" yearSuffix="b">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 238
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 13, fig. 2.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02DD767FC3910DB08EC99E3" box="[948,998,438,459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
loc.: 'Tharfield', E. Cape [Dr Schönland].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A10B90E5D99C2" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1367,468,490]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A10B90E5D99C2" box="[151,1367,468,490]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A10B9083499C2" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892b: 238" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityPageNumber="238" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,830,468,490]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha" subGenus="Macrocyclis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A10B90BC499C2" box="[151,206,468,490]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF5110B90A5299C2" box="[220,344,468,490]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocyclis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEEA10B90AE399C2" box="[359,489,468,490]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE6210B9083499C2" author="Melvill" box="[495,830,468,490]" page="238" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1892">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE6210B9080199C2" author="Melvill" box="[495,779,468,490]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1892 b) Descriptions of thirteen new species of terrestrial and freshwater Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 10, 237 - 242. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939208677401" type="journal article" year="1892" yearSuffix="b">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 238
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 13, fig. 3.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02DD767FC5C10B80F0999C2" box="[977,1027,469,490]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
loc.: 'Maritzburg' [H.C. Burnup].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A109F0FE49A20" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1262,498,520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A109F0FE49A20" box="[151,1262,498,520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A109F0A519A20" box="[151,347,498,520]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caenotera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A109F0A519A20" box="[151,347,498,520]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natalina caenotera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Pilsbry,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02DD767FE4A109F091E9A20" box="[455,532,498,520]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.80822" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="1893.0">1893 in</quantity>
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FD97109F09859A20" box="[538,655,498,520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1892" valueMax="1893">1892–1893</date>
|
||
: 135.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD41109F0F119A20" author="Melvill" box="[716,1051,498,520]" page="170" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD41109F08E39A20" author="Melvill" box="[716,1001,498,520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1898 b) A contribution towards a check-list of the non-marine molluscan fauna of South Africa. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 3, 166 - 184." type="journal article" year="1898" yearSuffix="b">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1898b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 170
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FBA8109F0FE09A20" author="Connolly" box="[1061,1258,498,520]" page="92" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FBA8109F0FCE9A20" author="Connolly" box="[1061,1220,498,520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 92
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A137C0E019A0F" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1291,529,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A137C0E019A0F" box="[151,1291,529,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A137C0A729A0F" box="[151,376,529,551]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A137C0A729A0F" box="[151,376,529,551]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natalina liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Pilsbry,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02DD767FE6E137C093A9A0F" box="[483,560,529,551]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.80822" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="1893.0">1893 in</quantity>
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FDBB137C09A69A0F" box="[566,684,529,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1892" valueMax="1893">1892–1893</date>
|
||
: 135.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD65137C0F3D9A0F" author="Melvill" box="[744,1079,529,551]" page="170" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD65137C0F0F9A0F" author="Melvill" box="[744,1029,529,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1898 b) A contribution towards a check-list of the non-marine molluscan fauna of South Africa. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 3, 166 - 184." type="journal article" year="1898" yearSuffix="b">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1898b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 170
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FBCC137C0E0D9A0F" author="Connolly" box="[1089,1287,529,551]" page="96" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FBCC137C0FEB9A0F" author="Connolly" box="[1089,1249,529,551]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 96
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A135D0F589A6E" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1106,560,582]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A135D0F589A6E" box="[151,1106,560,582]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A135D0A529A6E" box="[151,344,560,582]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A135D0A529A6E" box="[151,344,560,582]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natalina vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Pilsbry,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02DD767FE49135D091B9A6E" box="[452,529,560,582]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.80822" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="1893.0">1893 in</quantity>
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FD9A135D09879A6E" box="[535,653,560,582]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1892" valueMax="1893">1892–1893</date>
|
||
: 135.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD44135D08749A6E" author="Sturany" box="[713,894,560,582]" page="31" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD44135D08529A6E" author="Sturany" box="[713,856,560,582]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Sturany, R. (1898) Catalog der bisher bekannt gewordenen Sudafrikanischen Land- und Susswasser-Mollusken mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des von Dr Penther gesammelten Materiales. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen, Classe 67, 537 - 642. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12875" type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 31
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FC05135D0F449A6E" author="Connolly" box="[904,1102,560,582]" page="97" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FC05135D0F229A6E" author="Connolly" box="[904,1064,560,582]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 97
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A13230A9B9A8A" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A13230A9B9A8A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A1323099A9A4C" ID-CoL="45T9C" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894: 91" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityPageNumber="91" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,656,590,612]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chaplini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A13230A419A4C" box="[151,331,590,612]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natalina chaplini</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEDE1323099A9A4C" author="Melvill" box="[339,656,590,612]" page="91" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1894">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEDE132309609A4C" author="Melvill" box="[339,618,590,612]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1894) Descriptions of fifteen new species of South-African terrestrial Mollusca. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 14, 90 - 95. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939408677773" type="journal article" year="1894">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 91
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 1, fig. 3.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FCAF13230F669A4C" author="Melvill" box="[802,1132,590,612]" page="165" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1895">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCAF13230F329A4C" author="Melvill" box="[802,1080,590,612]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1895) Descriptions of four new species of terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 15, 163 - 165. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939508677862" type="journal article" year="1895">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 165
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 12, figs 5, 5b.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FAB813230AA79AAB" author="Melvill" page="170" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FAB813230A709AAB" author="Melvill" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1898 b) A contribution towards a check-list of the non-marine molluscan fauna of South Africa. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 3, 166 - 184." type="journal article" year="1898" yearSuffix="b">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1898b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 170
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE35130009659AAB" author="Sturany" box="[440,623,621,643]" page="31" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE35130009429AAB" author="Sturany" box="[440,584,621,643]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Sturany, R. (1898) Catalog der bisher bekannt gewordenen Sudafrikanischen Land- und Susswasser-Mollusken mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des von Dr Penther gesammelten Materiales. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen, Classe 67, 537 - 642. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12875" type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 31
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FDF71300084B9AAB" author="Connolly" box="[634,833,621,643]" page="92" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDF7130008109AAB" author="Connolly" box="[634,794,621,643]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 92
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02DD767FCC1130308749AAB" box="[844,894,622,643]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
loc.: 'Karnachs' [?=Kamesh], near Port Elizabeth, E. Cape [J. Crawford].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A13C708319AE8" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,827,682,704]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A13C708319AE8" box="[151,827,682,704]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A13C70A3F9AE8" box="[151,309,682,704]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kraussi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A13C70A3F9AE8" box="[151,309,682,704]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida kraussi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEC913C60A609AE8" box="[324,362,683,704]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">non</emphasis>
|
||
Pfeiffer, 1846]—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD9013C709B19AE8" author="Moss" box="[541,699,682,704]" page="25" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1894">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD9013C7099C9AE8" author="Moss" box="[541,662,682,704]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Moss, W. (1894) The value of the radula as an aid to classification. Transactions of the Manchester Microscopical Society, 1894, 21 - 25." type="journal article" year="1894">Moss, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 25
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, fig. 3.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A13A4087E9AF7" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,884,713,735]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A13A4087E9AF7" box="[151,884,713,735]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A13A40A489AF7" ID-CoL="7PFSN" authority="Kraussii" authorityName="Kraussii" box="[151,322,713,735]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A13A40A489AF7" box="[151,322,713,735]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida Kraussii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEDD13A70A669AF7" box="[336,364,714,735]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] [
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE0913A70AA09AF7" box="[388,426,714,735]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">non</emphasis>
|
||
Pfeiffer, 1846]—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FDD113A4081E9AF7" author="Cooke" box="[604,788,713,735]" page="232" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1895">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDD113A409EB9AF7" author="Cooke" box="[604,737,713,735]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Cooke, A. H. (1895) Molluscs. In: Harmer, S. F. & Shipley, A. E. (Eds.), The Cambridge Natural History. Vol. 3. Macmillan & Co., London, pp. i - xi + 1 - 459." type="book chapter" year="1895">Cooke, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 232
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 139.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A1385098F9AD6" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,645,744,766]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A1385098F9AD6" box="[151,645,744,766]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A13850A749AD6" box="[151,382,744,766]" class="Gastropoda" family="Macrocyclidae" genus="Macrocyclis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coenotera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A13850A749AD6" box="[151,382,744,766]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocyclis coenotera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE0013840AA39AD6" box="[397,425,745,766]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sic</emphasis>
|
||
]—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE471385098A9AD6" author="Sturany" box="[458,640,744,766]" page="32" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE47138509509AD6" author="Sturany" box="[458,602,744,766]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Sturany, R. (1898) Catalog der bisher bekannt gewordenen Sudafrikanischen Land- und Susswasser-Mollusken mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des von Dr Penther gesammelten Materiales. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen, Classe 67, 537 - 642. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12875" type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 32
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A126B09649B34" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,622,774,796]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A126B09649B34" box="[151,622,774,796]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A126B0A919B34" box="[151,411,774,796]" class="Gastropoda" family="Macrocyclidae" genus="Macrocyclis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A126B0A919B34" box="[151,411,774,796]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocyclis liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE38126B09609B34" author="Sturany" box="[437,618,774,796]" page="33" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE38126B094E9B34" author="Sturany" box="[437,580,774,796]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Sturany, R. (1898) Catalog der bisher bekannt gewordenen Sudafrikanischen Land- und Susswasser-Mollusken mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des von Dr Penther gesammelten Materiales. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen, Classe 67, 537 - 642. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12875" type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 33
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A12480E999B13" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1427,805,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A12480E999B13" box="[151,1427,805,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A12480A4C9B13" box="[151,326,805,827]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caffrula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A12480A4C9B13" box="[151,326,805,827]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natalina caffrula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FED9124B0A709B13" box="[340,378,806,827]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">non</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1898]—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD201248086E9B13" author="Sturany" box="[685,868,805,827]" page="32" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD20124808349B13" author="Sturany" box="[685,830,805,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Sturany, R. (1898) Catalog der bisher bekannt gewordenen Sudafrikanischen Land- und Susswasser-Mollusken mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des von Dr Penther gesammelten Materiales. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen, Classe 67, 537 - 642. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12875" type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 32
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FCE312480F289B13" author="Germain" box="[878,1058,805,827]" page="5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1935">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCE312480F039B13" author="Germain" box="[878,1033,805,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Germain, L. (1935) Contribution a l'etude de la faune du Mozambique. Voyage de M. P. Lesne (1928 - 29). 17 e note - mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles. Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidadae de Coimbra, Series 1, 80, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1935">Germain, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 5
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FBA0124B0FCC9B13" author="Haas" box="[1069,1222,805,827]" page="18" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1936">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FBA0124B0FA99B13" author="Haas" box="[1069,1187,805,827]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Haas, F. (1936) Binnen-Mollusken aus Inner-Afrika, hauptsachlich gesammelt von Dr. F. Haas wahrend der Schomburgk- Expedition in den Jahren 1931 / 32. Abhandlungen Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 431, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="1936">Haas, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 18
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part, Umfolozi).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A122909B19B72" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,699,836,858]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A122909B19B72" box="[151,699,836,858]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A12290A449B72" box="[151,334,836,858]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A12290A449B72" box="[151,334,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEE5122909BD9B72" author="Melvill" box="[360,695,836,858]" page="170" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1898">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEE51229098F9B72" author="Melvill" box="[360,645,836,858]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1898 b) A contribution towards a check-list of the non-marine molluscan fauna of South Africa. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 3, 166 - 184." type="journal article" year="1898" yearSuffix="b">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1898b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 170
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A120F0E719B50" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1403,866,888]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A120F0E719B50" box="[151,1403,866,888]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A120F090C9B50" box="[151,518,866,888]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa" subGenus="Macrocycloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A120F0BEC9B50" box="[151,230,866,888]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF79120F0A9F9B50" box="[244,405,866,888]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocycloides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE29120E090C9B50" box="[420,518,867,888]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD92120F084B9B50" author="Mollendorff" box="[543,833,866,888]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">Möllendorff & Kobelt, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FCEB120F08D69B50" box="[870,988,866,888]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1903" valueMax="1905">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCEB120F08909B50" author="Mollendorff" box="[870,922,866,888]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1905
|
||
</date>
|
||
: 57, pl. 10, figs 12–14.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FB44120F0E7D9B50" author="Kobelt" box="[1225,1399,866,888]" page="53" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1909">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FB44120F0E5B9B50" author="Kobelt" box="[1225,1361,866,888]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Kobelt, W. (1909) Die Molluskenausbeute der erlangerschen Reise in Nordost-Afrika. Zweite Abteilung. Verzeichnis der aus Afrika bekannten Binnenconchylien. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 32, 53 - 97." type="journal article" year="1909">Kobelt, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 53
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A12EC0E629BBF" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1384,897,919]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A12EC0E629BBF" box="[151,1384,897,919]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A12EC0AFD9BBF" box="[151,503,897,919]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chaplini" subGenus="Macrocycloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A12EC0BEC9BBF" box="[151,230,897,919]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF7912EC0A9F9BBF" box="[244,405,897,919]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocycloides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE2912EC0AFD9BBF" box="[420,503,897,919]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">chaplini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD9D12EC08389BBF" author="Mollendorff" box="[528,818,897,919]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">Möllendorff & Kobelt, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FCDB12EC08C69BBF" box="[854,972,897,919]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1903" valueMax="1905">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCDB12EC08809BBF" author="Mollendorff" box="[854,906,897,919]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1905
|
||
</date>
|
||
: 58, pl. 10, fig. 15–17.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FB3A12EC0E6E9BBF" author="Kobelt" box="[1207,1380,897,919]" page="53" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1909">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FB3A12EC0E349BBF" author="Kobelt" box="[1207,1342,897,919]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Kobelt, W. (1909) Die Molluskenausbeute der erlangerschen Reise in Nordost-Afrika. Zweite Abteilung. Verzeichnis der aus Afrika bekannten Binnenconchylien. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 32, 53 - 97." type="journal article" year="1909">Kobelt, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 53
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A12CD0E7B9B9E" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1393,928,950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A12CD0E7B9B9E" box="[151,1393,928,950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A12CD092C9B9E" box="[151,550,928,950]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha" subGenus="Macrocycloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A12CD0BEC9B9E" box="[151,230,928,950]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF7912CD0A9F9B9E" box="[244,405,928,950]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocycloides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE2912CD092C9B9E" box="[420,550,928,950]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDB212CD086B9B9E" author="Mollendorff" box="[575,865,928,950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">Möllendorff & Kobelt, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FC0812CD08F19B9E" box="[901,1019,928,950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1903" valueMax="1905">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FC0812CD08B39B9E" author="Mollendorff" box="[901,953,928,950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1905
|
||
</date>
|
||
: 58, pl. 10, fig. 18.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FB3212CD0E679B9E" author="Kobelt" box="[1215,1389,928,950]" page="53" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1909">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FB3212CD0E4D9B9E" author="Kobelt" box="[1215,1351,928,950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Kobelt, W. (1909) Die Molluskenausbeute der erlangerschen Reise in Nordost-Afrika. Zweite Abteilung. Verzeichnis der aus Afrika bekannten Binnenconchylien. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 32, 53 - 97." type="journal article" year="1909">Kobelt, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 53
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A12D30E829BFC" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,1416,958,981]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A12D30E829BFC" box="[151,1416,958,981]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A12D309039BFD" box="[151,521,958,981]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="coenotera" subGenus="Macrocycloides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A12D30BEC9BFC" box="[151,230,958,980]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF7912D30A9F9BFC" box="[244,405,958,980]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Macrocycloides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE2912AD09039BFD" box="[420,521,960,981]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">coenotera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD9512AD093E9BFD" box="[536,564,960,981]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sic</emphasis>
|
||
]—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDDE12D308729BFC" author="Mollendorff" box="[595,888,958,980]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">Möllendorff & Kobelt, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FC1112D30F189BFC" box="[924,1042,958,980]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1903" valueMax="1905">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FC1112D308DA9BFC" author="Mollendorff" box="[924,976,958,980]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Mollendorff, O. von & Kobelt, W. (1903 - 1905) Die Raublungenschnecken (Agnatha). Abtheilung 1. Rhytididae & Enneidae. In: Kuster, H. C. Martini, F. H. W. & Chemnitz, J. H. (Eds.), Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Vol. 1. 2 nd Edition. Part 12 b. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnburg, pp. 1 - 362, pls. 1 - 41. [Pp. 1 - 72, pls 1 - 12 = 1903; pp. 73 - 296, pls 13 - 35 = 1904; pp. 297 - 362, pls 36 - 41 = 1905, dates fide Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.]" type="journal article" year="1903">1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–1905
|
||
</date>
|
||
: 59, pl. 10, fig. 19.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FB5B12D30E8E9BFC" author="Kobelt" box="[1238,1412,958,980]" page="53" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1909">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FB5B12D30E549BFC" author="Kobelt" box="[1238,1374,958,980]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Kobelt, W. (1909) Die Molluskenausbeute der erlangerschen Reise in Nordost-Afrika. Zweite Abteilung. Verzeichnis der aus Afrika bekannten Binnenconchylien. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 32, 53 - 97." type="journal article" year="1909">Kobelt, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 53
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A12B009A39BDB" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,681,989,1011]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A12B009A39BDB" box="[151,681,989,1011]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A12B00A529BDB" box="[151,344,989,1011]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A12B00A529BDB" box="[151,344,989,1011]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natalina vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FED312B30ACD9BDB" box="[350,455,990,1011]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="variety" variety="minor">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE0712B30ACD9BDB" box="[394,455,990,1011]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE6C12B009AF9BDB" author="Connolly" box="[481,677,989,1011]" page="98" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1912">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE6C12B009759BDB" author="Connolly" box="[481,639,989,1011]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A12900E169C67" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A12900E169C67" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A12900A389C3A" box="[151,306,1021,1042]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A12900A389C3A" box="[151,306,1021,1042]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEC6129009079C3A" author="Watson" box="[331,525,1020,1042]" page="161" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1934">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEC612900AD09C3A" author="Watson" box="[331,474,1020,1042]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Watson, H. (1934) Natalina and other South African snails. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 21, 150 - 193." type="journal article" year="1934">Watson, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 161
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD95129109D59C3A" author="Connolly" box="[536,735,1020,1042]" page="99" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1939">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD95129109B29C3A" author="Connolly" box="[536,696,1020,1042]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 99
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 4, figs 4, 5, text fig. 6.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FC7A12910F649C3A" author="Zilch" box="[1015,1134,1020,1042]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Zilch, A. (1959 - 1960) Euthyneura. In: Wenz, W. (Ed.), Gastropoda. In: Schindewolf, O. H. (Ed.), Handbuch der Palaozoologie. Band 6. Teil 2. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, pp. 1 - 835." type="book chapter" year="1959">
|
||
Zilch,
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FBB712910F649C3A" box="[1082,1134,1020,1042]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1959" valueMax="1960">1959</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–60: 554, fig. 1936.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FAB312900A3B9C18" author="Bruggen" page="376" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1966">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FAB312900BF79C18" author="Bruggen" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1966) The terrestrial Mollusca of the Kruger National Park: a contribution to the malacology of the Eastern Transvaal. Annals of the Natal Museum, 18, 315 - 399." type="journal article" year="1966">Bruggen, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 376
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 54.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE02157609589C18" author="Bruggen" box="[399,594,1050,1072]" page="29" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1967">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE02157609219C18" author="Bruggen" box="[399,555,1050,1072]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1967) Miscellaneous notes on southern African Gastropoda Euthyneura (Mollusca). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 91, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1967">Bruggen, 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 29
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FDD31576082B9C18" author="Bruggen" box="[606,801,1050,1072]" page="37" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDD3157609F09C18" author="Bruggen" box="[606,762,1050,1072]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1969) Studies on the land molluscs of Zululand, with notes on the distribution of land molluscs in southern Africa. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 103, 1 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Bruggen, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 37
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Bruggen, 1970: 468.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FB8515760FAE9C18" author="Bruggen" box="[1032,1188,1050,1072]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1978) Land molluscs. In: Werger, M. J. A. (Ed.), Biogeography and ecology of southern Africa. W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 877 - 923." type="book chapter" year="1978">Bruggen, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig.
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02DD767FB5715770FFE9C18" box="[1242,1268,1050,1072]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">3i.</date>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FB7015760BFA9C67" author="Bruggen" page="286" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FB7015760E929C18" author="Bruggen" box="[1277,1432,1050,1072]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1985) The terrestrial molluscs of Lesotho (southern Africa), a first contribution, with detailed notes on Archachatina machachensis (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C, 88, 267 - 296." type="journal article" year="1985">Bruggen, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 286
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FF74155709329C67" author="Bruggen" box="[249,568,1081,1103]" page="32" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FF74155709189C67" author="Bruggen" box="[249,530,1081,1103]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van & Appleton, C. C. (1977) Studies on the ecology and systematics of the terrestrial molluscs of the Lake Sibaya area of Zululand, South Africa. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 154, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1977">Bruggen & Appleton, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 32
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FDCF155408149C67" author="Richardson" box="[578,798,1081,1103]" page="45" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDCF155409F29C67" author="Richardson" box="[578,760,1081,1103]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Richardson, C. L. (1989) Streptaxacea: a catalog of species. Part II; Ammonitellidae, Chlamydephoridae, Haplotrematidae, Rhytididae, Systrophiidae. Tryonia, 18, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="1989">Richardson, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 45
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FCA5155408D69C67" author="Herbert" box="[808,988,1081,1103]" page="11" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCA5155408BD9C67" author="Herbert" box="[808,951,1081,1103]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Herbert, D. G. (1991) South Africa's carnivorous snails. African Wildlife, 45 (1), 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1991">Herbert, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 11
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FC6A15540E129C67" author="Herbert" box="[999,1304,1081,1103]" page="219" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FC6A15540FEC9C67" author="Herbert" box="[999,1254,1081,1103]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Herbert, D. & Kilburn, D. (2004) Field guide to the land snails and slugs of eastern South Africa. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg, 336 pp." type="book" year="2004">Herbert & Kilburn, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 219
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A153408B49C46" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,958,1112,1134]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A153408B49C46" box="[151,958,1112,1134]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A15340A5A9C46" box="[151,336,1112,1134]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A15340A5A9C46" box="[151,336,1112,1134]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEE7153509309C46" author="Connolly" box="[362,570,1112,1134]" page="101" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1939">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEE7153509039C46" author="Connolly" box="[362,521,1112,1134]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 101
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3, figs 4–6.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD50153508B39C46" author="Richardson" box="[733,953,1112,1134]" page="46" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD50153508999C46" author="Richardson" box="[733,915,1112,1134]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Richardson, C. L. (1989) Streptaxacea: a catalog of species. Part II; Ammonitellidae, Chlamydephoridae, Haplotrematidae, Rhytididae, Systrophiidae. Tryonia, 18, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="1989">Richardson, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 46
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A1515088E9CA4" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,900,1142,1165]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A1515088E9CA4" box="[151,900,1142,1165]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A15150A009CA5" box="[151,266,1144,1165]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A15150A009CA5" box="[151,266,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEA8151B0AFF9CA4" author="Connolly" box="[293,501,1142,1164]" page="100" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1939">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEA8151B0AC99CA4" author="Connolly" box="[293,451,1142,1164]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 100
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 2, figs 9–11.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD29151B088A9CA4" author="Richardson" box="[676,896,1142,1164]" page="46" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD29151B08509CA4" author="Richardson" box="[676,858,1142,1164]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Richardson, C. L. (1989) Streptaxacea: a catalog of species. Part II; Ammonitellidae, Chlamydephoridae, Haplotrematidae, Rhytididae, Systrophiidae. Tryonia, 18, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="1989">Richardson, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 46
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A15F808A99C83" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,931,1173,1195]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A15F808A99C83" box="[151,931,1173,1195]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A15F80A949C83" box="[151,414,1173,1195]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha" subGenus="Nata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A15F80BC49C83" box="[151,206,1173,1195]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF5115FB0A079C83" box="[220,269,1174,1195]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE9115F80A949C83" box="[284,414,1173,1195]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE3415FB097E9C83" author="Bruggen" box="[441,628,1173,1195]" page="29" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1967">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE3415FB09589C83" author="Bruggen" box="[441,594,1173,1195]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1967) Miscellaneous notes on southern African Gastropoda Euthyneura (Mollusca). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 91, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1967">Bruggen, 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 29
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[syn. nov. of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FD7215FB08909C83" box="[767,922,1174,1195]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD7215FB08909C83" box="[767,922,1174,1195]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A15D809579CE2" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,605,1204,1226]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A15D809579CE2" box="[151,605,1204,1226]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A15D80A3A9CE2" box="[151,304,1205,1226]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caerotera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A15D80A3A9CE2" box="[151,304,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata caerotera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEB315D80A509CE2" box="[318,346,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sic</emphasis>
|
||
]—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEF615D909529CE2" author="Richardson" box="[379,600,1204,1226]" page="46" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEF615D909389CE2" author="Richardson" box="[379,562,1204,1226]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Richardson, C. L. (1989) Streptaxacea: a catalog of species. Part II; Ammonitellidae, Chlamydephoridae, Haplotrematidae, Rhytididae, Systrophiidae. Tryonia, 18, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="1989">Richardson, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 46
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A15BE09119CC0" blockId="32.[151,1436,253,1256]" box="[151,539,1234,1256]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A15BE09119CC0" box="[151,539,1234,1256]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF1A15BE0A2B9CC0" box="[151,289,1234,1256]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chaplini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF1A15BE0A2B9CC0" box="[151,289,1234,1256]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata chaplini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FEB615BF091D9CC0" author="Richardson" box="[315,535,1234,1256]" page="46" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FEB615BF0AFB9CC0" author="Richardson" box="[315,497,1234,1256]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Richardson, C. L. (1989) Streptaxacea: a catalog of species. Part II; Ammonitellidae, Chlamydephoridae, Haplotrematidae, Rhytididae, Systrophiidae. Tryonia, 18, 1 - 154." type="journal article" year="1989">Richardson, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 46
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556561E02DD767FF1A147B08E69EFB" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A147B0FE39D03" blockId="32.[151,1257,1301,1323]" box="[151,1257,1301,1323]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11C4E02DD767FF1A147B0FE39D03" box="[151,1257,1301,1323]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FF4E14780A719D03" box="[195,379,1301,1323]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Rhytida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FF4E14780A719D03" box="[195,379,1301,1323]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhytida vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FE18147809449D03" author="Binney" box="[405,590,1301,1323]" page="355" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1879">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE18147809149D03" author="Binney" box="[405,542,1301,1323]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Binney, W. G. (1879) On certain North American species of Zonites, etc. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1, 355 - 362, pls. xiv - xv. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1749 - 6632.1879. tb 55133. x" type="journal article" year="1879">Binney, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 355
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
pl. 14, fig. 1.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10FBE02DD767FD50147808879D03" author="Binney" box="[733,909,1301,1323]" page="82" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1884">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FD501478086D9D03" author="Binney" box="[733,871,1301,1323]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Binney, W. G. (1884) Notes on the jaw and lingual dentition of pulmonate mollusks. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 3, 79 - 136, pls. ii - xvii. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1749 - 6632.1883. tb 56979. x" type="journal article" year="1884">Binney, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 82
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 17, fig. L [=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FBBF147B0FD09D03" box="[1074,1242,1301,1323]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dumeticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FBBF147B0FD09D03" box="[1074,1242,1301,1323]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata dumeticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD767FF1A143F08E69EFB" blockId="32.[151,1436,1362,2035]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FEFF143909289D43" box="[370,546,1364,1387]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FEFF143909289D43" box="[370,546,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is complex and confusing.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCFB143F0F3C9D43" author="Connolly" box="[886,1078,1362,1387]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided the first revisionary comment on the species and noted that the E. Cape taxa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FC94141B0E0B9DA7" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1892" box="[793,1281,1398,1423]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caenotera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FC94141B08C49DA6" box="[793,974,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix caenotera</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FAB7141B09239D9B" ID-CoL="45T9C" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1894" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chaplini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FAB7141B0BF99D9B" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Natalina chaplini</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FF7614F709239D9B" author="Melvill" box="[251,553,1434,1459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1894) Descriptions of fifteen new species of South-African terrestrial Mollusca. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 14, 90 - 95. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939408677773" type="journal article" year="1894">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were inseparable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FCB514F108EE9D9B" box="[824,996,1436,1459]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FCB514F108EE9D9B" box="[824,996,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and thus considered them to be junior synonyms thereof. He treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FE7B14D30F019DFF" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1892" box="[502,1035,1470,1495]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE7B14D309C79DFF" box="[502,717,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Helix liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from KwaZulu-Natal as a distinct species, also referring it to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FE4E14890AF39DD3" box="[451,505,1508,1531]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE4E14890AF39DD3" box="[451,505,1508,1531]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as had
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FDD9148E09F19DD3" author="Watson" box="[596,763,1507,1531]" pageId="32" pageNumber="59" refString="Watson, H. (1934) Natalina and other South African snails. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 21, 150 - 193." type="journal article" year="1934">Watson (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Connolly observed, however, that although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FB6114890E919DD3" box="[1260,1435,1506,1531]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FB6114890E919DD3" box="[1260,1435,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
attains a slightly larger size and has somewhat weaker axial sculpture than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FC55176A0F6C9E36" box="[984,1126,1543,1566]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FC55176A0F6C9E36" box="[984,1126,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it may in fact represent the same species. Pfeiffer’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FE3B174109439E6B" box="[438,585,1580,1603]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE3B174109439E6B" box="[438,585,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FDD8174609C49E6B" box="[597,718,1579,1603]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="variety" variety="minor">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD06174109C49E6B" box="[651,718,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
he considered to be another distinct species with a smaller, smoother shell. Subsequently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE67172209CC9E4F" author="Bruggen" box="[490,710,1614,1639]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1967) Miscellaneous notes on southern African Gastropoda Euthyneura (Mollusca). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 91, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1967">Bruggen (1967: 29)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FC91172208C19E4F" box="[796,971,1614,1639]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FC91172208C19E4F" box="[796,971,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FB2C17220E249E4E" box="[1185,1326,1615,1638]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FB2C17220E249E4E" box="[1185,1326,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and later (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FF13171E0A4C9EA3" author="Bruggen" box="[158,326,1650,1675]" pageId="32" pageNumber="56" refString="Bruggen, A. C. van (1985) The terrestrial molluscs of Lesotho (southern Africa), a first contribution, with detailed notes on Archachatina machachensis (Mollusca, Gastropoda). Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C, 88, 267 - 296." type="journal article" year="1985">Bruggen 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FD80171909AB9EA3" box="[525,673,1652,1675]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD80171909AB9EA3" box="[525,673,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be considered a single wide-ranging and conchologically variable species encompassing all the taxa referred to
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FD7C17FA08589E86" box="[753,850,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FD7C17FA08229E86" box="[753,808,1687,1710]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Nata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02DD767FCA317FA08589E86" box="[814,850,1687,1710]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FCF617FB0F3F9E87" author="Connolly" box="[891,1077,1686,1711]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
[see Introduction], noting at the same time that more conchological and anatomical information was needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556561E02DD765FF4A17B308D099DD" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02DD766FF4A17B3084699A0" blockId="32.[151,1436,1362,2035]" lastBlockId="33.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
While the availability of additional material has enabled us to establish that
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FBF917B20FD79EDE" box="[1140,1245,1759,1782]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FBF917B20FA09EDE" box="[1140,1194,1759,1782]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Nata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02DD767FB3417B20FD79EDE" box="[1209,1245,1759,1782]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
genuinely does encompass several distinct, highly genetically divergent species, circumscription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FBC616690FD39F33" box="[1099,1241,1796,1819]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FBC616690FD39F33" box="[1099,1241,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
itself has proven more difficult. In recent years, as a practical solution, material that was not clearly referable to any of the other species has been identified as
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FE77162109BC9F4B" box="[506,694,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FE77162109819F4B" box="[506,651,1868,1891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="vernicosa">N. vernicosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02DD767FD18162709BC9F4B" box="[661,694,1866,1891]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FCB1162108FB9F4B" box="[828,1009,1866,1891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FCB1162108FB9F4B" box="[828,1009,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FBA316210F9F9F4B" box="[1070,1173,1868,1891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FBA316210F9F9F4B" box="[1070,1173,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">N. minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02DD767FB6816210BD99FAF" authority="Connolly, 1939" authorityName="Connolly" authorityYear="1939" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sensu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02DD767FB6816210E299F4B" box="[1253,1315,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FAA316270BD99FAF" author="Connolly" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), as for example in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02DD767FE33160309E69FAF" author="Herbert" box="[446,748,1902,1927]" pageId="32" pageNumber="57" refString="Herbert, D. & Kilburn, D. (2004) Field guide to the land snails and slugs of eastern South Africa. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg, 336 pp." type="book" year="2004">Herbert & Kilburn (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This, however, includes specimens exhibiting considerable variation in conchological characters, ranging from low, discoidal specimens virtually devoid of axial riblets, to globose-lenticular (deep-whorled) specimens with strong, axial riblets. From an anatomical perspective, this material exhibits no distinctive characters or consistent patterns of variation in either the radula or the distal genitalia that point to there being more than one species involved. Nonetheless, closer scrutiny of the greater amount of material now available has enabled us to identify within
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FC4E11D00F8998FD" box="[963,1155,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FC4E11D00F5C98FC" box="[963,1110,189,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="vernicosa">N. vernicosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02CD766FBEF11D10F8998FD" box="[1122,1155,188,213]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
a separate, consistently smooth-shelled species that is geographically circumscribed and for the most part allopatric. This we describe below as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FE8C10680A9F9934" box="[257,405,261,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erugata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE8C10680A9F9934" box="[257,405,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nata erugata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02CD766FE1010690AFC9935" box="[413,502,260,285]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE1010690AFC9935" bold="true" box="[413,502,260,285]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
To date, only a single specimen (NMSA W3343, from Mt Sheba, Mpumalanga) of this species has been included in the molecular work (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A6FE02CD766FC96104A08519968" box="[795,859,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,353,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[166,1420,337,1780]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic estimate using BEAST uncorrelated (lognormal) relaxed clock model based on two nuclear and two mitochondrial genes (modified from Moussalli & Herbert 2016). A biogeographic calibration was applied to the base of the Rhytididae, representing the East – West Gondwana split (approx. 120 Mya). Nodal support represents posterior probabilities (only PP ≥ 0.90 shown) followed by likelihood bootstrap support (only BS ≥ 75 shown). Images are reflective of size, but not accurately to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266545/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). While this specimen clustered as the most basally divergent individual in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FE4210200955994C" box="[463,607,333,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE4210200955994C" box="[463,607,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02CD766FD3E102108ED994D" author="Moussalli" box="[691,999,332,357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="58" refString="Moussalli, A. & Herbert, D. G. (2016) Deep molecular divergence and exceptional morphological stasis in dwarf cannibal snails Nata sensu lato Watson, 1934 (Rhytididae) of southern Africa. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 95, 100 - 115. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2015.11.003" type="journal article" year="2016">Moussalli & Herbert 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), additional material spanning the full range of the species will need to be included in future studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF306662E02CD766FF1A16330F349FC6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266568/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[158,1433,433,1845]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02CD766FF1A16330F349FC6" blockId="33.[151,1437,1886,2030]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FF1A16330A159F5C" bold="true" box="[151,287,1886,1908]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
|
||
Type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FE5F163209669F5C" box="[466,620,1887,1908]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE5F163209669F5C" box="[466,620,1887,1908]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nata vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and synonyms.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FC821633084D9F5C" bold="true" box="[783,839,1886,1908]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A–C,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FCC016330F709F5C" authority="Krauss, 1848" authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1848" box="[845,1146,1886,1908]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FCC0163308E79F5C" box="[845,1005,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
Krauss, 1848
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype (here designated), diameter 10.2 mm (SMNH 4965).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE75161109219FBA" bold="true" box="[504,555,1916,1938]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">D–F,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FDBC16110F919FBA" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1892" box="[561,1179,1916,1938]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha" subGenus="Macrocyclis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FDBC161109629FBA" box="[561,616,1916,1938]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FDFA161109F99FBA" box="[631,755,1916,1938]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Macrocyclis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FC8E1611088F9FBA" box="[771,901,1916,1938]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype, diameter 18.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.7).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE3216F60AE59F99" bold="true" box="[447,495,1947,1969]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">G–I,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FE7716F60F549F99" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1892" box="[506,1118,1947,1969]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caenotera" subGenus="Macrocyclis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE7716F6093B9F99" box="[506,561,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FDC916F609CA9F99" box="[580,704,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Macrocyclis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FD5E16F108329F99" box="[723,824,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">caenotera</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype, diameter 17.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.8).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE0916D70ABE9FF8" bold="true" box="[388,436,1978,2000]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">J–L,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FE3616D708889FF8" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1894" box="[443,898,1978,2000]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chaplini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE3616D709679FF8" box="[443,621,1978,2000]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Natalina chaplini</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype, diameter 10.4 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.9).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FF1A16B50BDF9FC6" bold="true" box="[151,213,2008,2030]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">M–O,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FF5116B50A769FC6" box="[220,380,2008,2030]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FF5116B50A769FC6" box="[220,380,2008,2030]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02CD766FE0F16B409779FC6" authority="Pfeiffer, 1853" authorityName="Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1853" box="[386,637,2008,2030]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="variety" variety="minor">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02CD766FE2016B40AE39FC6" box="[429,489,2009,2030]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">minor</emphasis>
|
||
Pfeiffer, 1853
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype, diameter 8.0 mm (SMNH 4965).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02FD765FF4A11FA08D099DD" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1926]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The remaining
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FEFF11F4094E9898" box="[370,580,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FEFF11F409169898" box="[370,540,153,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="vernicosa">Nata vernicosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02FD765FDAE11FA094E9898" box="[547,580,151,176]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
material, however, continues to be problematic. Although highly variable in conchological features, we have been unable to discern any clear and consistent patterns in shell morphology that do not seem to intergrade. This variation intergrades both across the landscape and often also at individual localities, in an evidently seamless manner and it encompasses the variation exhibited by all the nominal taxa currently considered to be synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FDF4104408069968" box="[633,780,297,320]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FDF4104408069968" box="[633,780,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The extent of this variation, both between and within populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FECD10200AC4994C" box="[320,462,333,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FECD10200AC4994C" box="[320,462,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, emphasises the significance of the morphological consistency underpinning
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FF1A101C0A1A99A0" box="[151,272,369,392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="erugata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FF1A101C0A1A99A0" box="[151,272,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">N. erugata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02FD765FE9510020A7999A0" box="[280,371,367,392]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FE9510020A7999A0" bold="true" box="[280,371,367,392]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
If further cryptic species are present within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FCE3101C08F799A0" box="[878,1021,369,392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FCE3101C08F799A0" box="[878,1021,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">N. vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the most promising option for their discovery is likely to lie in molecular studies of a phylogeographic nature. Thus even though we have identified a new species amidst the confusion that has long surrounded
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FCA710D408D499F8" box="[810,990,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FCA710D408BD99F8" box="[810,951,441,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="vernicosa">N. vernicosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2085783E02FD765FC3010DA08D499F8" box="[957,990,439,464]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, we are still left with a morphologically diverse assemblage that requires further study using additional techniques.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556561E02FD765FF4A10920A5B9FD9" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02FD765FF4A10920AFB9AE7" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1926]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FF4A109209459A30" bold="true" box="[199,591,511,536]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FF4A10920A089A30" box="[199,258,511,536]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FE1F109209459A30" authority="Connolly (1939)" authorityName="Connolly" authorityYear="1939" box="[402,591,511,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FE1F1092094C9A30" bold="true" box="[402,582,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FDDB1092081A9A30" author="Connolly" box="[598,784,511,536]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the ‘type’ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FB9210920E609A30" authority="Krauss, 1848" authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1848" box="[1055,1386,511,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FB9210920FDA9A30" box="[1055,1232,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FB5B136D0E609A30" author="Krauss" box="[1238,1386,512,536]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Krauss, F. (1848) Die sudafrikanischen Mollusken. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Kap- und Natallandes und zur geographischen Verbreitung derselben, mit Beschreibung und Abbildung der neuen Arten. Ebner & Seubert, Stuttgart, ii + 140 pp, 6 pls." type="book" year="1848">Krauss, 1848</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was in the Stuttgart Museum and gave its dimensions as ‘diam. 14.8 x 12.0; alt. 7.6 mm’. Krauss, however, gave the dimensions as ‘diam.
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02FD765FE0313270AB99A4A" box="[398,435,586,611]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">5 x</date>
|
||
4, alt. 3.3 lines’ (=11.28 x 9.02, alt.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02FD765FCD8132608B19A4B" box="[853,955,587,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.44" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="7.44">7.44 mm</quantity>
|
||
)1. The Stuttgart specimen which Connolly considered to be the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FE09131D0ABE9AA0" box="[388,436,624,648]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was thus both significantly larger and more depressed than the material seen by Krauss (H:Dmax = 0.514 vs. 0.660). Connolly’s reason for considering this to be the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FB8713FE0F309A83" box="[1034,1082,659,683]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was not stated and evidently it was an unjustified assumption.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02FD765FF4A13B608CB9CCC" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1926]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
In the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FE9C13B60A6F9ADB" box="[273,357,731,755]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">SMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, which contains much original Wahlberg material, there is a lot containing four specimens that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FF1A13930AA39B3F" author="Herbert" box="[151,425,766,791]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Herbert, D. G. & Waren, A. (1999) South African Mollusca described by Ferdinand Krauss, their current status and notes on type material housed in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm. Annals of the Natal Museum, 40, 205 - 243." type="journal article" year="1999">Herbert & Warén (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated as possible
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FD091393082C9B3F" box="[644,806,766,791]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FCC6139308F19B3E" box="[843,1019,766,791]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FCC6139308F19B3E" box="[843,1019,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FB8413920F569B3F" box="[1033,1116,767,791]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">SMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
4965), believing Connolly’s discussion of ‘the type’ to constitute a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FDE8124C09C69B12" box="[613,716,801,826]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation. Since the latter was evidently unjustified on the grounds of the specimen’s dimensions and proportions, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FCCA122B087D9B76" box="[839,887,838,862]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
|
||
status of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FB9A122B0F629B76" box="[1047,1128,838,862]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">SMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
specimens needs to be reevaluated. The largest specimen is again larger and more depressed than the Krauss material (max. diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02FD765FAE612040BCC9B8C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="13.3">13.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; H:Dmax 0.586) and thus unlikely to have been seen by Krauss. However, in his remarks following the Latin description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FEB412C2094C9BEF" authority="Krauss" authorityName="Krauss" box="[313,582,943,968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FEB412C20AE09BEF" box="[313,490,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
, Krauss
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stated that ‘the largest specimens were more costulate than the younger and as a result slightly semi-gloss.….the ribs are rather sharply raised and close-set…..’, and these comments apply well to the three remaining specimens in this
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FD16129A09E69C27" box="[667,748,1015,1039]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">SMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
lot. The two largest of these have crisp, close-set riblets and are lustreless, while the third one is smaller (younger) and has weaker riblets and is more glossy. These two larger lustreless specimens are relatively deep-whorled shells, the proportions of which fit well with measurements given by Krauss and with his original illustration [H:Dmax 0.676 and 0.670 compared with 0.660 for Krauss’s dimensions and 0.659 for his figure]. They are somewhat smaller than the measurements given by Krauss (Dmax 10.2 and 9.7, compared with 11.28 given by Krauss, but a difference of ±10% for the larger of the two is perhaps an acceptable error margin, allowing for differences in measuring methods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02FD765FF4A15830F719D59" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1926]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The remaining smaller, more glossy shell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A6FE02FD765FD5B158308249D2F" box="[726,814,1262,1287]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,433,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,425,1864]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Type material of Nata vernicosa and synonyms. A – C, Helix vernicosa Krauss, 1848, lectotype (here designated), diameter 10.2 mm (SMNH 4965). D – F, Helix (Macrocyclis) liparoxantha Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 18.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.7). G – I, Helix (Macrocyclis) caenotera Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 17.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.8). J – L, Natalina chaplini Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894, lectotype, diameter 10.4 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.9). M – O, Helix vernicosa var. minor Pfeiffer, 1853, lectotype, diameter 8.0 mm (SMNH 4965)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
M–
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AE02FD765FCDA158208619D2F" box="[855,875,1263,1287]" name="Iceland" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
) fits Pfeiffer’s description ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FB4C15830A3D9D03" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">costulis superficiei obsoletioribus</emphasis>
|
||
’ for his variety β.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FD9D147E080C9D03" authority="Pfeiffer 1853" authorityName="Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1853" box="[528,774,1298,1323]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FD9D147E09599D02" box="[528,595,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">minor</emphasis>
|
||
(Pfeiffer 1853)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, since its sculpture is very much weaker than in the other specimens. It was redescribed in more detail and figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FCF814580F3E9D66" author="Connolly" box="[885,1076,1333,1358]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1939) A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum, 33, 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FBFA14580E969D66" author="Herbert" box="[1143,1436,1333,1358]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Herbert, D. G. & Waren, A. (1999) South African Mollusca described by Ferdinand Krauss, their current status and notes on type material housed in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm. Annals of the Natal Museum, 40, 205 - 243." type="journal article" year="1999">Herbert & Warén (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered that it may justifiably be considered the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FD541434084A9D5A" box="[729,832,1369,1394]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for Pfeiffer’s variety
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FBBE14370F7E9D59" box="[1075,1140,1370,1393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Nata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pulmonata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FBBE14370F7E9D59" box="[1075,1140,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02FD765FF4A14110F029E0A" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1926]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Since it is important to clarify which taxon is actually represented by the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FBC914110FFF9DBD" box="[1092,1269,1404,1429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vernicosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FBC914110FFF9DBD" box="[1092,1269,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Helix vernicosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), it is necessary that a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FEE414CD0ADA9D91" box="[361,464,1440,1465]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
be designated. In light of the above observations, we select the larger of the two deepshelled, strongly ribbed specimens as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FD0514AE09E49DF4" box="[648,750,1475,1500]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A6FE02FD765FC8E14AE08509DF4" box="[771,858,1475,1500]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,433,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,425,1864]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Type material of Nata vernicosa and synonyms. A – C, Helix vernicosa Krauss, 1848, lectotype (here designated), diameter 10.2 mm (SMNH 4965). D – F, Helix (Macrocyclis) liparoxantha Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 18.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.7). G – I, Helix (Macrocyclis) caenotera Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 17.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.8). J – L, Natalina chaplini Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894, lectotype, diameter 10.4 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.9). M – O, Helix vernicosa var. minor Pfeiffer, 1853, lectotype, diameter 8.0 mm (SMNH 4965)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). It was collected by Wahlberg in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AE02FD765FABF14AE0E7B9DF4" box="[1330,1393,1475,1500]" name="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Natal</collectingCountry>
|
||
, its dimensions and proportions are similar to those cited in the original description, it closely resembles the original figure and it matches the additional descriptive comments provided by Krauss.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02FD765FF4A17400F139FAE" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,1926]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FF4A174009269E6E" bold="true" box="[199,556,1581,1606]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FF4A17400A089E6E" box="[199,258,1581,1606]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of synonyms:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FDB6174209A19E6F" box="[571,683,1583,1607]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FD6F17400E969E6E" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1892" box="[738,1436,1581,1606]" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caenotera" subGenus="Macrocyclis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FD6F174008159E6E" box="[738,799,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FCBA174008CA9E6E" box="[823,960,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Macrocyclis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FC5717420F409E6E" box="[986,1098,1583,1606]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">caenotera</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(designated
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FE92173C0AC09E42" author="Connolly" box="[287,458,1617,1642]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 92) in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FD93173F09829E41" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" box="[542,648,1618,1641]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
(1911.8.8.8) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A6FE02FD765FCA5173C08739E42" box="[808,889,1617,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,433,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,425,1864]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Type material of Nata vernicosa and synonyms. A – C, Helix vernicosa Krauss, 1848, lectotype (here designated), diameter 10.2 mm (SMNH 4965). D – F, Helix (Macrocyclis) liparoxantha Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 18.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.7). G – I, Helix (Macrocyclis) caenotera Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 17.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.8). J – L, Natalina chaplini Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894, lectotype, diameter 10.4 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.9). M – O, Helix vernicosa var. minor Pfeiffer, 1853, lectotype, diameter 8.0 mm (SMNH 4965)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
G–I), diameter 17.0 mm (the original description mentioned six specimens, but the whereabouts of the other five is not known).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FBAC171B0F9B9EA6" box="[1057,1169,1654,1678]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FB37171809559E99" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1892" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liparoxantha" subGenus="Macrocyclis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FB3717180FFD9EA6" box="[1210,1271,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Helix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FA8417180E989EA6" box="[1289,1426,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Macrocyclis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FF1A17F50A2D9E99" box="[151,295,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">liparoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(designated
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FD7E17F508AA9E99" author="Connolly" box="[755,928,1688,1713]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 96) in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FC7717F40F6E9E98" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" box="[1018,1124,1689,1712]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
(1911.8.8.7) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A6FE02FD765FA8517F50E519E99" box="[1288,1371,1688,1713]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,433,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,425,1864]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Type material of Nata vernicosa and synonyms. A – C, Helix vernicosa Krauss, 1848, lectotype (here designated), diameter 10.2 mm (SMNH 4965). D – F, Helix (Macrocyclis) liparoxantha Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 18.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.7). G – I, Helix (Macrocyclis) caenotera Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 17.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.8). J – L, Natalina chaplini Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894, lectotype, diameter 10.4 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.9). M – O, Helix vernicosa var. minor Pfeiffer, 1853, lectotype, diameter 8.0 mm (SMNH 4965)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
D–F), diameter 18.0 mm; the original description mentioned four specimens, thus three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FBC917D10FEC9EFD" box="[1092,1254,1724,1749]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
may also exist, two of these may be specimens in the Melvill-Tomlin Collection (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FC0317B208D39ED0" box="[910,985,1759,1784]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
.1958.158) collected by H.C. Burnup in Port Shepstone [Rowson pers. comm.,
|
||
<date id="FFF1102AE02FD765FDE7166F09C49F33" box="[618,718,1794,1819]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" value="2015-12">xii/2015</date>
|
||
].
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48848E02FD765FD68166E085F9F33" box="[741,853,1795,1819]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69E02FD765FC0A166F0E969F33" authority="Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894" authorityName="Melvill & Ponsonby" authorityYear="1894" box="[903,1436,1794,1819]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rhytididae" genus="Natalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chaplini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8E02FD765FC0A166F0F599F33" box="[903,1107,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Natalina chaplini</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FBED166F0E969F33" author="Melvill" box="[1120,1436,1794,1819]" pageId="34" pageNumber="58" refString="Melvill, J. C. & Ponsonby, J. H. (1894) Descriptions of fifteen new species of South-African terrestrial Mollusca. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 14, 90 - 95. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939408677773" type="journal article" year="1894">Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(designated
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FEAD164B0AC79F17" author="Connolly" box="[288,461,1830,1855]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Connolly, M. (1912) Revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 11, 9 - 306. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11477" type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 92) in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FE02FD765FDAB164A099A9F16" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" box="[550,656,1831,1854]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
(1911.8.8.9) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A6FE02FD765FCBF164B088F9F17" box="[818,901,1830,1855]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1908]" captionTargetBox="[158,1433,433,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[151,1436,425,1864]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 24. Type material of Nata vernicosa and synonyms. A – C, Helix vernicosa Krauss, 1848, lectotype (here designated), diameter 10.2 mm (SMNH 4965). D – F, Helix (Macrocyclis) liparoxantha Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 18.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.7). G – I, Helix (Macrocyclis) caenotera Melvill & Ponsonby, 1892, lectotype, diameter 17.0 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.8). J – L, Natalina chaplini Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894, lectotype, diameter 10.4 mm (NHMUK 1911.8.8.9). M – O, Helix vernicosa var. minor Pfeiffer, 1853, lectotype, diameter 8.0 mm (SMNH 4965)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/266568/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
J–L), diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02FD765FBBC164A0F929F16" box="[1073,1176,1831,1855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="10.4">10.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, label gives locality as 'Cape Colony', but original description states 'Karnachs, near Port Elizabeth (J. Crawford)', (the original description mentioned three specimens, but the whereabouts of the other two is not known).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAE02FD765FF1A16D10A5B9FD9" blockId="34.[151,1436,1980,2033]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
1. In the foreword to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BE02FD765FE0E16D009189FFA" author="Krauss" box="[387,530,1980,2002]" pageId="34" pageNumber="57" refString="Krauss, F. (1848) Die sudafrikanischen Mollusken. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Kap- und Natallandes und zur geographischen Verbreitung derselben, mit Beschreibung und Abbildung der neuen Arten. Ebner & Seubert, Stuttgart, ii + 140 pp, 6 pls." type="book" year="1848">Krauss (1848)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
he stated that the measurements given were in ‘Pariser Zollen und linien’. [1.0 Paris ligne =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FE02FD765FF5116B60A429FD9" box="[220,328,2011,2033]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.256" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="2.256">2.256 mm</quantity>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |