259 lines
19 KiB
XML
259 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9602278-08da-4939-93dd-c27411b58799" ID-PMC="PMC3800804" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-330-27" ID-PubMed="24146554" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-330-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 330" ModsDocTitle="Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners" checkinTime="1451246967179" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hershler, Robert, Liu, Hsiu-Ping & Bradford, Corbin" docDate="2013" docId="234912FA4240E08496FDDBE944D21196" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 330: 27-52" docOrigin="ZooKeys 330" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852" docTitle="Pyrgulopsis licina Hershler, Liu & Bradford, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="0D16A727FFC8FFB1FFC7FFA2FFDEFFA5" masterDocTitle="Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1668156417481" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics of a widely distributed western North American springsnail, Pyrgulopsis micrococcus (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae), with descriptions of three new congeners</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hershler, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Hsiu-Ping</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bradford, Corbin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>330</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>52</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.330.5852</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-330-27</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152047539" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5F006641-38E0-4AA0-B3D2-AE78145B51CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/234912FA4240E08496FDDBE944D21196" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/5F006641-38E0-4AA0-B3D2-AE78145B51CC" authority="Hershler, Liu & Bradford" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis licina" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="licina">Pyrgulopsis licina Hershler, Liu & Bradford</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="30">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 3, 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Hershler, R" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington" pageId="17" pageNumber="44" pagination="776 - 843" title="Springsnails (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) of Ash Meadows, Amargosa basin, California-Nevada." volume="100" year="1987">Hershler and Sada 1987</bibRefCitation>
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(in part).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="30" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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clade C. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Liu, H-P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="18" pageNumber="45" pagination="2771 - 2782" title="Mitochondrial DNA sequences reveal extensive cryptic diversity within a western American springsnail." url="10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01949.x" volume="12" year="2003">Liu et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="30" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="30">
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Holotype, USNM 850347 (a dry shell), spring south of Clay Pits, Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.40719">36.40719°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.37856">116.37856°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 11 November 1985, R. Hershler and D. W. Sada. Paratypes, USNM 1204732 (from same lot).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="referred material">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="31" start="start">Referred</pageBreakToken>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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NEVADA. Nye County: USNM 859186, USNM 903997, spring south of Clay Pits, USNM 850345, USNM 850346, USNM 850347, USNM 850348, USNM 859185, spring at Clay Pits, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.41608">36.41608°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.37802">116.37802°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 850343, USNM 850344, USNM 859184, spring north of Clay Pits, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.41613">36.41613°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.37808">116.37808°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 850334, Rogers Spring, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.47931">36.47931°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.32622">116.32622°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 850336, USNM 1122742, USNM 1122754, USNM 1197782, USNM 1204745, springs south of Rogers Spring, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.47467">36.47467°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.32747">116.32747°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 850349, USNM 1197775, spring east of Crystal Reservoir, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.4079">36.40790°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.31297">116.31297°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 850350, spring east of Crystal Reservoir, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.40742">36.40742°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.31197">116.31197°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 903982, spring east of Crystal Reservoir, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.40836">36.40836°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.31042">116.31042°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 1197780, spring ca. 100 m north of Collins Ranch, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.42038">36.42038°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.29921">116.29921°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 850352, USNM 850351, USNM 859188, USNM 859189, USNM 1122848, Frenchy Springs, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.36364">36.36364°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.27432">116.27432°W</geoCoordinate>
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), USNM 850353, USNM 859190, USNM 894336, USNM 1122849, Last Chance Spring, Ash Meadows (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="36.357">36.35700°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-116.274">116.27400°W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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A small congener (maximum shell height, 2.4 mm) having a narrow-conic shell. Distinguished from similar regional species by its strongly curved penial filament and absence of glands on the penis. Further differentiated from frequently sympatric
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis sanchezi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sanchezi">Pyrgulopsis sanchezi</taxonomicName>
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(described below) by its highly convex, deeply incised teleoconch whorls and ovate shell aperture.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Shell (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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) narrow-conic, whorls 3.75-4.50. Teleoconch whorls highly convex, sutures deeply impressed. Aperture ovate, parietal lip complete, narrowly adnate or slightly disjunct, umbilicus narrow. Outer lip thin, orthocline or prosocline. Sculpture of faint, irregular spiral striae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 3. Shells, opercula and radula,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis licina" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="31" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="licina">Pyrgulopsis licina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Holotype, USNM 850347 B, C Shells, USNM 1204732, USNM 1188732 D, E Opercula (outer, inner sides), USNM 850348 F Portion of radular ribbon, USNM 850348 G Central teeth, USNM 850348 H Lateral and inner marginal teeth, USNM 850348. Scale bars
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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1.0 mm; D, E 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; F, H 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; G 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Operculum (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
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) as for genus; edges of last 0.5 whorl frilled on outer side; muscle attachment margins variably thickened on inner side. Radula (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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) as for genus; dorsal edge of central teeth concave, lateral cusps
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<normalizedToken originalValue="four–six">four-six</normalizedToken>
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, basal cusp one. Lateral teeth having
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<normalizedToken originalValue="three–four">three-four</normalizedToken>
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cusps on both inner and outer sides. Inner marginal teeth with 20-25 cusps, outer marginal teeth with 24-31 cusps. Radula data are from USNM 850348.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="31">
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Penis (Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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) medium-sized; filament medium length, narrow, weakly tapering, strongly curved (to outer side); lobe small, rectangular, horizontal or oblique; glands almost always absent (87/90 specimens), two specimens had a small, dot-like
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="32" start="start">gland</pageBreakToken>
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along the distal edge of the lobe and one specimen had a glandular smear near the distal edge of the ventral surface of the lobe. Penial data are from USNM 850334, USNM 850348, USNM 850351.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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Figure 4. Penes (dorsal, ventral surfaces). A, B
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis licina" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="licina">Pyrgulopsis licina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., USNM 850346 C, D
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis perforata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Pyrgulopsis perforata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., BellMNH 20891 E, F
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis sanchezi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sanchezi">Pyrgulopsis sanchezi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., USNM 883361 G, H
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis micrococcus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micrococcus">Pyrgulopsis micrococcus</taxonomicName>
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, BellMNH 20663 I, J
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbatrix">Pyrgulopsis turbatrix</taxonomicName>
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, USNM 860699 K, L
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis turbatrix" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="turbatrix">Pyrgulopsis turbatrix</taxonomicName>
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, USNM 883373. Scale bars
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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250
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="D–L">D-L</normalizedToken>
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500
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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. Pd penial duct Pf penial filament Pl penial lobe Tg terminal gland.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="15A2951605F1E0972688C18B67E642AD" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/15A2951605F1E0972688C18B67E642AD" pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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Table 1. Shell parameters for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis licina" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="licina">Pyrgulopsis licina</taxonomicName>
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. Measurements are in mm.<br/>
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<table pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="32">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">WH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">SH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">SW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">HBW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">WBW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">AH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">AW</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">SW/SH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">HBW/SH</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="32" rowspan="1">AH/SH</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="33" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">The epithet is an adjective derived from the New Latin licinus, meaning bent or turned upward, and refers to the distinctive shape of the penial filament in this species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Ash Meadows, Amargosa River basin (M7, M29, M30, M52, M54, M58, Fig. 2). The type locality is a broad spring brook that courses through a pit-like depression (Fig. 5A).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
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Figure 5. Photographs of habitats. A Spring south of Clay Pits, Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, type locality of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis licina" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="licina">Pyrgulopsis licina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (photograph taken on 7/VII/1986) B Purgatory Spring, Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, type locality of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis sanchezi" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sanchezi">Pyrgulopsis sanchezi</taxonomicName>
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(15/XI/2011) C, D Uppermost spring east of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Scotty’s">Scotty's</normalizedToken>
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Castle, Death Valley, Inyo County, California, type locality of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis perforata" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perforata">Pyrgulopsis perforata</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (18/IV/1980).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Pyrgulopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgulopsis licina" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="licina">Pyrgulopsis licina</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not well resolved in the molecular phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1). Haplotype variation within this clade was relatively small (Appendix II).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |