133 lines
17 KiB
XML
133 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="DD68AB9E0379ED885BDD38D48DF26B81" ID-DOI="10.37520/fi.2023.004" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10481035" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1704924026152" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Smith, MacKenzie A., Greenwalt, Dale E. & Manchester, Steven R." docDate="2023" docId="4D2487A3EF53826FFC76FEE86A34FB9B" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.79.1.37-88.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 79 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2023.004" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Wolffiella HEGELM." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="B11DFFDBEF5F8263FF8CFFB16F30FFE9" masterDocTitle="Diverse Fruits And Seeds Of The Mid-Eocene Kishenehn Formation, Northwestern Montana, Usa, And Their Implications For Biogeography" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1704925034431" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="5FE99128F6032B795E9880E80E4475A5">Diverse Fruits And Seeds Of The Mid-Eocene Kishenehn Formation, Northwestern Montana, Usa, And Their Implications For Biogeography</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D9A566541920ECED506930E54ECE2031">Smith, MacKenzie A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4D2A93C4C14423E5191524EB4F48B315">Greenwalt, Dale E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4AD4D85268966FF77202918E77083430">Manchester, Steven R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8836F915A52E9F33140F97E4766CBDA6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C6EFBA0E713EC930D81622CEC06F7107">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="598D22311DB3B638967C8C3D4609BD64">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9A8C0BAC2F895C8F07A12E220324E8D4">2023-11-07</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4D2487A3EF53826FFC76FEE86A34FB9B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D2487A3EF53826FFC76FEE86A34FB9B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D2487A3EF53826FFC76FEE86A34FB9B" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="8D97653EEF53826FFC76FEE86BF6FE78" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C53236B5EF53826FFC76FEE86A2BFE98" blockId="12.[1018,1307,344,369]" box="[1018,1307,344,369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="9E7A81D9EF53826FFC76FEE86A2BFE98" box="[1018,1307,344,369]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFC76FEE86B73FE98" bold="true" box="[1018,1091,345,369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Genus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="028D4D36EF53826FFBC5FEE96A2BFE98" ID-CoL="8W4Q3" authority="HEGELM." authorityName="HEGELM." box="[1097,1307,344,369]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Wolffiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFBC5FEE96A2BFE98" bold="true" box="[1097,1307,344,369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFBC5FEE96B83FE99" bold="true" box="[1097,1203,344,368]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Wolffiella</emphasis>
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<smallCapsWord id="C3D4A069EF53826FFB36FEE86A24FE86" baselines="363,363" box="[1210,1300,345,369]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Hegelm" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">HEGELM</smallCapsWord>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C53236B5EF53826FFBC2FEC86BF6FE78" blockId="12.[1102,1222,377,401]" box="[1102,1222,377,401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
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<figureCitation id="5DB62A30EF53826FFBC2FEC86BF6FE78" box="[1102,1222,377,401]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1678,1699]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-105@11.[668,850,644,1099]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Lemnoideae from the Kishenehn Formation. a: USNM PAL 625611 Spirodela sp. showing fronds, prophyllum and daughter plant with brown pigment cells. Scale bar 2mm. b: Close up of USNM PAL 625611 prophyllum and brown pigment cells. Scale bar 1mm. c: USNM PAL 768304 Spirodela sp. showing fronds, prophyllum and daughter plant with brown pigment cells. Scale bar 2.5mm. d: Close up of USNM PAL 768304 daughter plant with brown pigment cells. Scale bar 2.5mm. e: USNM PAL 620300 Lemna sp. showing fronds with aerenchyma and pseudoroot. Scale bar 1mm. f: USNM PAL 626140 Wolffiella sp. “tongueshaped” multicellular frond with brood pouch at the base. Scale bar 2mm. g: Modern Wolffiella caudata frond with brood pouch and daughter plant from Pagliuso et al. 2018. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10481043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10481043/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Text-fig. 4f</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8D97653EEF53826FFCFDFE186A34FB9B" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C53236B5EF53826FFCFDFE186A71FE29" blockId="12.[881,1345,424,448]" box="[881,1345,424,448]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">M a t e r i a l. USNM PAL 622956, 626140.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C53236B5EF53826FFCFDFE696A5BFE06" blockId="12.[881,1387,471,495]" box="[881,1387,471,495]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">L o c a l i t i e s. Deep Ford and Disbrow Creek.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C53236B5EF53826FFCFDFDB66CAFFD96" blockId="12.[843,1482,519,639]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
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D e s c r i p t i o n. Frond triangular,
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<quantity id="02759B50EF53826FFA8DFDB66AB6FDF7" box="[1281,1414,519,543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="4.55" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="4.4">4.4–4.7 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="02759B50EF53826FFCC7FD966CFAFDD6" box="[843,970,551,575]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.7 mm</quantity>
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wide at base, base flat to curved, budding pouch triangular,
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<quantity id="02759B50EF53826FFC4CFDF66B72FDB6" box="[960,1090,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.2 mm</quantity>
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tall,
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<quantity id="02759B50EF53826FFBF0FDF66BCDFDB6" box="[1148,1277,583,607]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.7 mm</quantity>
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wide, aerenchyma present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C53236B5EF53826FFCFDFD266A34FB9B" blockId="12.[843,1482,663,1138]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
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R e m a r k s. The slender triangular fronds with aerenchyma and budding pouches are diagnostic of
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<taxonomicName id="028D4D36EF53826FFAE8FD066B3FFD06" authority="(Armstrong 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Armstrong" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Wolffiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFAE8FD066AF9FD26" box="[1380,1481,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Wolffiella</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="A11C4B44EF53826FFCDEFD666B37FD06" author="Armstrong, W. P." box="[850,1031,727,751]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" refId="ref32717" refString="Armstrong, W. P. (2021): Palomar College Wayne Armstrong's treatment of the Lemnaceae. https: // www 2. palomar. edu / users / warmstrong / 1 wayindx." type="url" year="2021">Armstrong 2021</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
. This specimen is not the dispersal hair of a
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<taxonomicName id="028D4D36EF53826FFCECFD466C91FCE6" box="[864,929,759,783]" class="Liliopsida" family="Typhaceae" genus="Typha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFCECFD466C91FCE6" box="[864,929,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Typha</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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fruit because it is a multicellular frond.
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<taxonomicName id="028D4D36EF53826FFAE8FD466AF9FCE6" baseAuthorityName="Armstrong" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1380,1481,759,783]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Wolffiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFAE8FD466AF9FCE6" box="[1380,1481,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Wolffiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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plants can exhibit a variety of morphologies including ovate, “tongue” and sickle shaped (
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<bibRefCitation id="A11C4B44EF53826FFB04FC896A65FCB9" author="Acosta, K. & Appenroth, K. J. & Borisjuk, L. & Edelman, M. & Heinig, U. & Jansen, M. A. & Oyama, T. & Pasaribu, B. & Schubert, I. & Sorrels, S. & Sree, K. S." box="[1160,1365,824,848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" pagination="3207 - 3234" refId="ref32436" refString="Acosta, K., Appenroth, K. J., Borisjuk, L., Edelman, M., Heinig, U., Jansen, M. A., Oyama, T., Pasaribu, B., Schubert, I., Sorrels, S., Sree, K. S. (2021): Return of the Lemnaceae: Duckweed as a model plant system in the genomics and postgenomics era. - The Plant Cell, 33 (10): 3207 - 3234. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / plcell / koab 189" type="journal article" year="2021">Acosta et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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||
) (
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||
<figureCitation id="5DB62A30EF53826FFAE1FC896C59FC99" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="11.[125,206,1678,1699]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1662]" captionTargetId="figure-105@11.[668,850,644,1099]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Lemnoideae from the Kishenehn Formation. a: USNM PAL 625611 Spirodela sp. showing fronds, prophyllum and daughter plant with brown pigment cells. Scale bar 2mm. b: Close up of USNM PAL 625611 prophyllum and brown pigment cells. Scale bar 1mm. c: USNM PAL 768304 Spirodela sp. showing fronds, prophyllum and daughter plant with brown pigment cells. Scale bar 2.5mm. d: Close up of USNM PAL 768304 daughter plant with brown pigment cells. Scale bar 2.5mm. e: USNM PAL 620300 Lemna sp. showing fronds with aerenchyma and pseudoroot. Scale bar 1mm. f: USNM PAL 626140 Wolffiella sp. “tongueshaped” multicellular frond with brood pouch at the base. Scale bar 2mm. g: Modern Wolffiella caudata frond with brood pouch and daughter plant from Pagliuso et al. 2018. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10481043" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10481043/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">
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Text-fig.
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||
<quantity id="02759B50EF53826FFCC7FCE96C59FC99" box="[843,873,856,880]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="g" value="4.0">4g</quantity>
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||
</figureCitation>
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||
). The size range of these specimens also fits the size range of modern North American
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<taxonomicName id="028D4D36EF53826FFB5CFCC96A05FC79" baseAuthorityName="Armstrong" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1232,1333,888,912]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Wolffiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFB5CFCC96A05FC79" box="[1232,1333,888,912]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Wolffiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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fronds (
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||
<quantity id="02759B50EF53826FFA15FCC96CAFFC59" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="4.55" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="4.4">4.4– 4.7 mm</quantity>
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||
for the fossils,
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||
<quantity id="02759B50EF53826FFBDDFC286B9CFC59" box="[1105,1196,921,945]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="1.0">1–9 mm</quantity>
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||
for the modern) (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A11C4B44EF53826FFAF9FC296CB5FC38" author="Landolt, E." pageId="12" pageNumber="49" refId="ref38551" refString="Landolt, E. (2020): Wolffiella. - In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America, vol. 22. http: // beta. floranorthamerica. org / Wolffiella [accessed 2 June 2022]. https: // doi. org / 10.1639 / 079.031.0307" type="journal volume" year="2020">Landolt 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). Ours would fit in the “tongue” category, which does not occur in the other genera of Lemnoideae. These are the first reported
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<taxonomicName id="028D4D36EF53826FFC6CFC486B75FBF8" baseAuthorityName="Armstrong" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[992,1093,1017,1041]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Wolffiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7F9EAA7EF53826FFC6CFC486B75FBF8" box="[992,1093,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">Wolffiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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fossils. Today there are 10 species of this floating aquatic plant across the Americas and Africa (
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<bibRefCitation id="A11C4B44EF53826FFCDEFB8B6CDAFBBB" author="Landolt, E." box="[850,1002,1082,1106]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" refId="ref38551" refString="Landolt, E. (2020): Wolffiella. - In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America, vol. 22. http: // beta. floranorthamerica. org / Wolffiella [accessed 2 June 2022]. https: // doi. org / 10.1639 / 079.031.0307" type="journal volume" year="2020">Landolt 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Species in the
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<collectingCountry id="BD9A7625EF53826FFB2FFB8B6BF5FBBB" box="[1187,1221,1082,1106]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="49">US</collectingCountry>
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are concentrated in the Southwest and Southeast (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A11C4B44EF53826FFBEFFBEB6BC9FB9B" author="Landolt, E." box="[1123,1273,1114,1138]" pageId="12" pageNumber="49" refId="ref38551" refString="Landolt, E. (2020): Wolffiella. - In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.), Flora of North America, vol. 22. http: // beta. floranorthamerica. org / Wolffiella [accessed 2 June 2022]. https: // doi. org / 10.1639 / 079.031.0307" type="journal volume" year="2020">Landolt 2020</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |