187 lines
24 KiB
XML
187 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="076E748ED361E6DB346E5CA360300EA6" ID-CLB-Dataset="46747" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3753.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="220b1885-c8f8-46f6-9452-f1dd51baf651" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="253310" ID-ZooBank="DE234954-1829-4277-9E17-78C4E5C18142" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460364433523" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Maintenon, Marta J." docDate="2014" docId="03C0B65EFFCAFF98FF0F50CAFB3CFED4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03753p225.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3753 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parvanachis mullineri Poorman 1983" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="217" masterDocId="FFF9CE26FFDAFF89FF985116FFF0FF94" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the species of Parvanachis Radwin, 1968 (Gastropoda: Columbellidae) from the Gulf of Panama" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="217" updateTime="1698295016751" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CFD2982943452A6C41C85A4443E5F344">
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<mods:title id="CED052E7BD172B30B0988CD7B82D79FF">Taxonomic revision of the species of Parvanachis Radwin, 1968 (Gastropoda: Columbellidae) from the Gulf of Panama</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="345A2528A13FFD7751CC7B45668AF826" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4C48D4343DB1B260D7D8CEC6A46B196D">Maintenon, Marta J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BC37F1C60EBA64907C30A279ADA75084">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9EA988BB330BFB73D1E1615305AE6D30">
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<mods:date id="D1B9F00D5D81D4C5752FE1401DB53E39">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0F804D497ED399E50FEC71E6A4DA3000">3753</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2837E87AEA37735147A0CF220D9EEB2E">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="BD363779ED123DB37F8443EF876115B6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6020F93409A4AB346F12BDF98252166E" type="CLB-Dataset">46747</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="54FD475A1622A4C4DFC579829DAB4E97" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3753.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E82CA0C86512CE26CE497CDF9E25C29E" type="GBIF-Dataset">220b1885-c8f8-46f6-9452-f1dd51baf651</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C0B65EFFCAFF98FF0F50CAFB3CFED4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141038" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119410438" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141038" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C0B65EFFCAFF98FF0F50CAFB3CFED4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C0B65EFFCAFF98FF0F50CAFB3CFED4" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<subSubSection id="C37354C3FFCAFF99FF0F50CAFE7DFD82" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF0F50CAFD8DFE62" blockId="16.[151,637,476,535]" box="[151,637,476,502]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<heading id="D09EB024FFCAFF99FF0F50CAFD8DFE62" bold="true" box="[151,637,476,502]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FF0F50CAFD8DFE62" ID-CoL="6TSV8" authority="Poorman, 1983" authorityName="Poorman" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,637,476,502]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Parvanachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mullineri">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF0F50CAFD8DFE62" bold="true" box="[151,637,476,502]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF0F50CAFE55FE62" bold="true" box="[151,421,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Parvanachis mullineri</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF87AB9FFCAFF99FE2D50CAFD85FE62" author="Poorman" box="[437,629,476,502]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" refString="Poorman, L. H. (1983) New molluscan species (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) from the tropical Eastern Pacific. The Veliger, 26, 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1983">Poorman, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF0F50E8FE7DFD82" blockId="16.[151,637,476,535]" box="[151,397,510,535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<figureCitation id="13521BCDFFCAFF99FF0F50E8FF0FFD83" box="[151,255,510,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[204,1368,193,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[204,1368,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Parvanachis shells. All are preserved specimens, so some dark areas on the body whorls of the shells are the coloring of the preserved animal visible through the shell. Scale bar = 1 mm. A – D. Parvanachis pygmaea, USNM 1231314, Playa Rio Mar. E – H. Parvanachis mullineri. E – G. USNM 1231315, Isla Venado. H. USNM 1231316, Punta Calafate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253316/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Figures 6</figureCitation>
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E–H, 7B, 7F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37354C3FFCAFF99FF0F5350FEE3FC0A" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF0F5350FCB8FDC8" blockId="16.[151,840,582,604]" box="[151,840,582,604]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FF0F5350FD77FDC8" ID-CoL="DBCW" authority="Poorman, 1983" authorityName="Poorman" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,647,582,604]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Anachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mullineri" subGenus="Parvanachis">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF0F5350FE13FDC8" box="[151,483,582,604]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Anachis (Parvanachis) mullineri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF87AB9FFCAFF99FE715351FD77FDC8" author="Poorman" box="[489,647,582,604]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" refString="Poorman, L. H. (1983) New molluscan species (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) from the tropical Eastern Pacific. The Veliger, 26, 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1983">Poorman, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: pp. 8–9, figs. 4, 7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF0F539FFC05FD36" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" box="[151,1013,649,674]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF0F539FFF13FD36" bold="true" box="[151,227,649,674]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<typeStatus id="54D2B9EAFFCAFF99FF0F539FFF2FFD36" box="[151,223,649,674]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Types</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54D2B9EAFFCAFF99FF72539FFEA5FD36" box="[234,341,649,674]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, SDMNH 81612, from Bahia de Santiago, Colima,
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<collectingCountry id="F37E47D8FFCAFF99FC00539FFC01FD36" box="[920,1009,649,674]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF5F53BBFEE3FC0A" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F53BBFE5EFD52" bold="true" box="[199,430,685,710]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Taxonomic history.</emphasis>
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This species has been mostly unrecognized since its relatively recent description. The specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="F37E47D8FFCAFF99FEC053C4FE41FD7D" box="[344,433,722,745]" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Panama</collectingCountry>
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do not match it perfectly, but given the phenotypic variation in columbellids and the different localities, it seems likely that they are the same thing. The illustrated
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<typeStatus id="54D2B9EAFFCAFF99FB9153E3FB9BFC9A" box="[1033,1131,757,782]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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appears very similar to the
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<collectingCountry id="F37E47D8FFCAFF99FF0F520CFF00FCA5" box="[151,240,794,817]" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Panama</collectingCountry>
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specimen in
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<figureCitation id="13521BCDFFCAFF99FE11520FFE3DFCA6" box="[393,461,793,818]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[204,1368,193,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[204,1368,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Parvanachis shells. All are preserved specimens, so some dark areas on the body whorls of the shells are the coloring of the preserved animal visible through the shell. Scale bar = 1 mm. A – D. Parvanachis pygmaea, USNM 1231314, Playa Rio Mar. E – H. Parvanachis mullineri. E – G. USNM 1231315, Isla Venado. H. USNM 1231316, Punta Calafate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253316/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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E. Poorman emphasizes the distinction of this species based on the varicose outer lip, pronounced anal sulcus and lamellose edge of the columellar callus. The latter two features are not particularly unusual in columbellids, but the varicose outer aperture edge is unusual, though it appears not to be present in all specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37354C3FFCAFF99FF5F52BFFA90FB9E" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF5F52BFFA90FB9E" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F52BFFEB1FC56" bold="true" box="[199,321,937,962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Small (
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<quantity id="4C91AAADFFCAFF99FE0352BCFDE3FC55" box="[411,531,937,962]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4 to 6 mm</quantity>
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long) species with a biconic, axially ribbed shell, often with an unusually thick outer lip. Shell straw colored with a band of alternating white and dark blotches immediately below the suture and a wide unmarked band at the periphery. A second band of dark axial markings is present below the periphery.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37354C3FFCAFF99FF5F5503FF25F969" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF5F5503FB24FB0E" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F5503FEC6FBBA" bold="true" box="[199,310,1045,1070]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Material.</emphasis>
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A total of nine specimens were collected at
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<collectingCountry id="F37E47D8FFCAFF99FCBD5503FCBEFBBA" box="[805,846,1045,1070]" name="Iceland" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Isla</collectingCountry>
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Venado and Punta Calafate, including five adults. In the Smithsonian’s dry collection, a few lots of these were found from locations ranging from southern Baja California to
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<collectingCountry id="F37E47D8FFCAFF99FEA8554BFE7FFBE2" box="[304,399,1117,1142]" name="Ecuador" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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. Because there were relatively few specimens and variation in the shell is important, these were not sectioned and the two specimens dissected were broken rather than dissolving the shell.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF5F55B3FDF2F9B2" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F55B3FF0FFB29" box="[199,255,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Shell</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13521BCDFFCAFF99FE9655B3FEACFB2A" box="[270,348,1189,1214]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[204,1368,193,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[204,1368,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Parvanachis shells. All are preserved specimens, so some dark areas on the body whorls of the shells are the coloring of the preserved animal visible through the shell. Scale bar = 1 mm. A – D. Parvanachis pygmaea, USNM 1231314, Playa Rio Mar. E – H. Parvanachis mullineri. E – G. USNM 1231315, Isla Venado. H. USNM 1231316, Punta Calafate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253316/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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E–H): Shell biconic,
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<quantity id="4C91AAADFFCAFF99FDD255B0FD18FB29" box="[586,744,1189,1214]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="4.699999999999999" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="4.1">4.1 to 5.3 mm</quantity>
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long (avg.
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<quantity id="4C91AAADFFCAFF99FCF055B0FC3DFB2A" box="[872,973,1190,1214]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.90 mm</quantity>
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) and
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<quantity id="4C91AAADFFCAFF99FB9455B0FB5AFB29" box="[1036,1194,1189,1214]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.8">1.8 to 2.5 mm</quantity>
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wide (avg.
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<quantity id="4C91AAADFFCAFF99FAB755B0FA64FB2A" box="[1327,1428,1190,1214]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.27" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="2.27">2.27 mm</quantity>
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) in five adult specimens measured. Adult shells have 3.75 to 4.25 teleoconch whorls (avg. 4.15). Protoconch smooth, off white, with 3.5 to 3.75 (avg.
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<quantity id="4C91AAADFFCAFF99FD1D55FBFD28FA92" box="[645,728,1261,1286]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.017" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="in" value="3.55">3.55 in</quantity>
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six specimens) whorls and a narrow sinus. Shell sculptured primarily with axial ridges (15 to 19 on the body whorl), and spiral grooves between axial ridges on the spire whorls. Shells similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FE245420FDCFFAD9" box="[444,575,1334,1357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Columbella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FE245420FDCFFAD9" box="[444,575,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">P. pygmaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but differing slightly in pattern. Shell base color straw, with a wide band below the suture consisting of occasional white spots overlain on a dark band or blotches. The body whorl has a band of axially elongated dark blotches below the periphery and usually a separate row of spots on the base. The anterior tip of the shell is white, often with a spiral band of small dark markings. Aperture edge thickened, varicose in some specimens, with a few denticles internally and a couple large dark blobs on the dorsal aperture edge. Aperture edge with a shallow posterior sinus. Parietal callus with a weakly denticulate ridge. Aperture color reflects that of the shell exterior.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF5F5727FD86F9DD" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" box="[199,630,1585,1610]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F5727FE8BF9DD" box="[199,379,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Body coloration</emphasis>
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: Same as
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FE765724FD86F9DD" box="[494,630,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FE765724FD83F9DD" box="[494,627,1586,1609]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Columbella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaea">P. pygmaea</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF5F5743FABFF9FA" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" box="[199,1359,1621,1646]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F5743FEB4F9F9" box="[199,324,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Operculum</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13521BCDFFCAFF99FECB5743FE67F9FA" box="[339,407,1621,1646]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1595,1617]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1573]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Parvanachis operculae and radulae. Scale bars: A – D, 200 µm; E – H, 20 µm. A – D. Operculae. A. P. pygmaea. B. P. mullineri. C. P. adamsi. D. P. nigricans. E – H. Radulae. E. P. pygmaea, 40 X. F. P. mullineri, 40 X. G. P. adamsi, 20 X. H. P. nigricans, 20 X." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253317/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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B): Operculum oblong, with a keel and a bilobed muscle scar and a terminal nucleus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF99FF5F576FFF25F969" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
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<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FF5F576FFEE8F905" box="[199,280,1657,1681]" class="Jungermanniopsida" family="Radulaceae" genus="Radula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Porellales" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F576FFEE8F905" box="[199,280,1657,1681]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Radula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13521BCDFFCAFF99FEB3576FFE83F906" box="[299,371,1657,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1595,1617]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1573]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Parvanachis operculae and radulae. Scale bars: A – D, 200 µm; E – H, 20 µm. A – D. Operculae. A. P. pygmaea. B. P. mullineri. C. P. adamsi. D. P. nigricans. E – H. Radulae. E. P. pygmaea, 40 X. F. P. mullineri, 40 X. G. P. adamsi, 20 X. H. P. nigricans, 20 X." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/253317/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F): Radula similar to that of
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FD52576CFCA6F905" box="[714,854,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FD52576CFCA3F905" box="[714,851,1658,1681]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Columbella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaea">P. pygmaea</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral teeth about 38 µm long in two subadults dissected, with three pointed secondary cusps; the basal cusp is pointed down and embedded in radular membranes. Center plates are rectangular, 30 –35 µm wide by 7.5 µm deep. The subadults dissected had 131 and 139 tooth rows.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37354C3FFCAFF98FF5F561FFB3CFED4" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD60748FFCAFF98FF5F561FFB3CFED4" blockId="16.[151,1437,649,2006]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FF5F561FFECBF8B6" bold="true" box="[199,315,1801,1826]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FD0D561FFC7EF8B5" box="[661,910,1801,1825]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Parvanachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FD0D561FFC7EF8B5" box="[661,910,1801,1825]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Parvanachis pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and was found in the same locations, though it was much less common. The shell is slightly smaller and stouter, with about one fewer teleoconch whorl and onehalf more protoconch whorls. Though there is overlap, these differences are both statistically significant; T = 3.70, P = 0.001, DF = 23 for the mean number of teleoconch whorls and T = 4.00, P = 0.002, DF = 12 for the mean number of protoconch whorls.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FE68568CFD82F825" box="[496,626,1945,1969]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Anachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mullineri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FE68568CFD82F825" box="[496,626,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">P. mullineri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has less erosion at the apices, whereas the apex of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCAFF99FB46568CFAAFF825" box="[1246,1375,1946,1969]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Parvanachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCAFF99FB46568CFAAFF825" box="[1246,1375,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">P. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the same locality typically is eroded; this may indicate a slight difference in habitat or shell chemistry. The color pattern in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E47D8FFCBFF98FEA9518EFE7AFF3B" box="[305,394,152,175]" name="Panama" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCBFF98FDB2518FFD5BFF24" box="[554,683,152,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Anachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mullineri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCBFF98FDB2518FFD5BFF24" box="[554,683,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">P. mullineri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the subsutural bands of white and dark markings mixed, with a wide unmarked spiral band below that, and typically two rows of markings below the periphery.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCBFF98FB4051ABFAA9FF40" box="[1240,1369,189,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Parvanachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCBFF98FB4051ABFAA9FF40" box="[1240,1369,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">P. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tends to have the two bands of markings mostly if not completely separated (dark anterior and white posterior), with a narrower unmarked band below. The labial edge in this species also tends to be thicker than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C697CCBFFCBFF98FB545013FABDFE88" box="[1228,1357,261,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Columbellidae" genus="Parvanachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DDB5AFFCBFF98FB545013FABDFE88" box="[1228,1357,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">P. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to the point of being varicose in some specimens, with large dark blotches on the dorsal aperture edge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |