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<document id="AC1A13D4F815FDC03DE30BEB5D91C9C0" ID-CLB-Dataset="8690" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4827.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c93b6c76-aaac-4fcd-acca-3dc3e0fd62d4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4402308" ID-ZooBank="2CE528C2-DE07-4155-B37D-BE2C342A3901" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609343086441" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Raines, Bret K." docDate="2020" docId="03A3DF49FF9FFFFEFF44FB6EFD713A7A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4827.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4827 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Caecum lightfootanum Raines 2020, species novum" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="FF9AA731FFE2FF81FFD3FFD7FF8D381B" masterDocTitle="A Rosetta Stone for eastern Pacific Caecidae (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda)" masterLastPageNumber="146" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="126" updateTime="1698849882115" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="66B9589460F4FFB81D2109707D7EADCD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="73A82CA7D8F983666F36A353AB54547A">
<mods:title id="A6E4E6F6FD88E7950B95CCFDB3024291">A Rosetta Stone for eastern Pacific Caecidae (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="765EBA3FD7BF5E89E231D60F2A1002C6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="96BA08D8D2D4F19252D077DE9715C491">
<mods:roleTerm id="7426ACC473D908F8A26E3E014D5CDB38">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0E04141BFFBF6CFD7810E804DD234CF8">Raines, Bret K.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0B6E50103DA4BD174DBA44BDCE3DEE80">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="D5F4FB0A6CDD2AB4ED62F1C898001B3B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="26FD28A3573FDD0A65255C196EC4F709">
<mods:title id="BBB6687F2192C3DB590758CE8C6E4A67">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D27F43441D3BC72E3C04AF930EB57630">
<mods:date id="AC357F3967863255C54FFA45632DB06E">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8ACBE8439419F0D2E9E54FAF7E42B7EE" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="8E194D4EF974B3F6BDEB498BC7A5707C">2020-08-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5ED1E35D779F6031E4781824BBE26611" type="volume">
<mods:number id="CEF244C3BA47318A9FB08037C01E094C">4827</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7643D14A0903DEB2266DD1FF8A3093F8" type="issue">
<mods:number id="D89A4A48B189A2949FC92286CC94E889">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="E3CF2B164A3226D44F6BB929991ACC28">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="61F2CE060A293E01301A98904C09E641">146</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="DCFA8AF910BCCE94A0ECE18150D07ACD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B12CC7EF4A860D813D522767F3C235E4" type="CLB-Dataset">8690</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="502E9B726D934AB3B35C1532DE6F9C35" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4827.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DF0BDD6EFE1747E31553235678E0CED9" type="GBIF-Dataset">c93b6c76-aaac-4fcd-acca-3dc3e0fd62d4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="915A2D0418DBFD7BE98ACA21A76CBAA0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="988E76989A9B7F8AF61FEDC893FC3430" type="Zenodo-Dep">4402308</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="95B3EBA8448425351180CBD68EA6B63F" type="ZooBank">2CE528C2-DE07-4155-B37D-BE2C342A3901</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A3DF49FF9FFFFEFF44FB6EFD713A7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4453332" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177056998" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4453332" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3DF49FF9FFFFEFF44FB6EFD713A7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3DF49FF9FFFFEFF44FB6EFD713A7A" lastPageId="127" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9FFFFCFF44FB6EFDE73CC8" box="[151,618,1208,1235]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9FFFFCFF44FB6EFDE73CC8" blockId="125.[151,618,1208,1271]" box="[151,618,1208,1235]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<heading id="D0FDD933FF9FFFFCFF44FB6EFDE73CC8" bold="true" box="[151,618,1208,1235]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFF44FB6EFDE73CC8" bold="true" box="[151,618,1208,1235]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9FFFFCFF44FB6EFE223CC8" ID-CoL="7QJ2S" authority="Raines, 2020" authorityName="Raines" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,431,1208,1235]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lightfootanum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFF44FB6EFE223CC8" bold="true" box="[151,431,1208,1235]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Caecum lightfootanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D0F36FF9FFFFCFE65FB6EFDE73CC8" box="[438,618,1209,1235]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" rank="species">species novum</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9FFFFCFF44FB0AFDE43CEC" box="[151,617,1245,1271]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9FFFFCFF44FB0AFDE43CEC" blockId="125.[151,618,1208,1271]" box="[151,617,1245,1271]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFF44FB0AFE973CEC" box="[151,282,1245,1271]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Figures 108</figureCitation>
A–F, 109A–G, 110A–B, 126J
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9FFFFCFF44FAF2FDD83DCB" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9FFFFCFF44FAF2FF573D7F" blockId="125.[151,1437,1317,2028]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFF44FAF2FECA3D24" bold="true" box="[151,327,1317,1343]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B626402FF9FFFFCFE83FAF2FF573D7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023455006" collectionCode="SBMNH" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="SBMNH 637734, SBMNH 637735, SBMNH 637736" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54B1D0FDFF9FFFFCFE83FAF2FE303D24" box="[336,445,1317,1343]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DBACC624FF9FFFFCFE1AFAF2FD033D24" box="[457,654,1317,1343]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="Museum">SBMNH 637734</specimenCode>
;
<typeStatus id="54B1D0FDFF9FFFFCFD48FAF1FC863D5B" box="[667,779,1318,1344]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DBACC624FF9FFFFCFCCBFAF2FC553D5B" box="[792,984,1317,1344]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="Museum">SBMNH 637735</specimenCode>
(3 figured);
<specimenCode id="DBACC624FF9FFFFCFBBEFAF2FAA33D24" box="[1133,1326,1317,1343]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="Museum">SBMNH 637736</specimenCode>
(3 unfigured).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9FFFFCFF14FABAFDF63DB0" blockId="125.[151,1437,1317,2028]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFF14FABAFDBB3D9C" bold="true" box="[199,566,1389,1415]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B626402FF9FFFFCFDEDFABAFCF43D9C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023455742" box="[574,889,1389,1415]" collectionCode="SBMNH" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="SBMNH 637737" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFDEDFABAFD233D9C" bold="true" box="[574,686,1389,1415]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<collectionCode id="ED1BF69AFF9FFFFCFDEDFABAFD243D9C" box="[574,681,1389,1415]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="Museum">SBMNH</collectionCode>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBACC624FF9FFFFCFD65FABAFCF43D9C" box="[694,889,1389,1415]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="Museum">SBMNH 637737</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B626402FF9FFFFCFC56FABAFAA13D9C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023454777" box="[901,1324,1389,1416]" country="Peru" location="Playa Pocoma" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8ED53884FF9FFFFCFC56FABAFBA43D93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3DF49FF9FFFFEFF44FB6EFD713A7A:8ED53884FF9FFFFCFC56FABAFBA43D93" box="[901,1065,1389,1416]" country="Peru" name="Playa Pocoma" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Playa Pocoma</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31D2ECFFF9FFFFCFBE6FAB9FBE63D93" box="[1077,1131,1390,1416]" name="Peru" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Peru</collectingCountry>
, intertidal, 30 sh
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B626402FF9FFFFCFAEAFABAFF633DB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023455254" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="Peru" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" specimenCode="SBMNH 100339" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBACC624FF9FFFFCFAEAFABAFF633DB0" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="Museum">SBMNH 100339</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B626402FF9FFFFCFF2AFA46FDFA3DB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023455379" box="[249,631,1425,1451]" country="Ecuador" location="Guayas" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guayas">
San Pedro,
<collectingRegion id="49CEA0BDFF9FFFFCFEA9FA46FE5C3DB0" box="[378,465,1425,1451]" country="Ecuador" name="Guayas" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Guayas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31D2ECFFF9FFFFCFE08FA46FDB73DB0" box="[475,570,1425,1451]" name="Ecuador" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, 6 sh
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9FFFFCFF14FA62FDD83DCB" blockId="125.[151,1437,1317,2028]" box="[199,597,1461,1488]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<materialsCitation id="3B626402FF9FFFFCFF14FA62FDDC3DCB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023455820" box="[199,593,1461,1488]" country="Peru" location="Playa Pocoma" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFF14FA62FEEB3DD4" bold="true" box="[199,358,1461,1487]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<typeStatus id="54B1D0FDFF9FFFFCFF14FA62FE8F3DD4" box="[199,258,1461,1487]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<location id="8ED53884FF9FFFFCFEBFFA62FD823DCB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3DF49FF9FFFFEFF44FB6EFD713A7A:8ED53884FF9FFFFCFEBFFA62FD823DCB" box="[364,527,1461,1488]" country="Peru" name="Playa Pocoma" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Playa Pocoma</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31D2ECFFF9FFFFCFDC9FA61FDDC3DCB" box="[538,593,1462,1488]" name="Peru" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Peru</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9FFFFCFF14FA0EFE393E44" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9FFFFCFF14FA0EFE393E44" blockId="125.[151,1437,1317,2028]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFF14FA0EFECF3DE8" bold="true" box="[199,322,1497,1523]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Teleoconch subcylindrical, with increase in diameter from posterior end to aperture. Surface smooth, semi-translucent white in color. Septum mucronate, pronounced, but flattened and angled away from dorsal margin. Mucro low, heel-like, and usually covered by septum. Aperture rather ovate and oblique. No varix. Periostracum thin, smooth, translucent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9FFFFFFF14F9BEFD6E397E" lastPageId="126" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9FFFFFFF14F9BEFD6E397E" blockId="125.[151,1437,1317,2028]" lastBlockId="126.[151,1437,150,357]" lastPageId="126" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9FFFFCFF14F9BEFED43E98" bold="true" box="[199,345,1641,1667]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Description.</emphasis>
Protoconch multispiral (about 2.2 whorls), planispiral, smooth (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFBEFF9BEFB393E98" box="[1084,1204,1641,1667]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109A</figureCitation>
), transition to teleoconch I marked by well-defined apertural varix (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFD62F95AFCAA3EBC" box="[689,807,1677,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109A</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch I short, sculptured with axial growth marks (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFF73F966FE9B3ED0" box="[160,278,1713,1739]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109C</figureCitation>
), transition to teleoconch II marked by incised axial line (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFC61F966FBA63ED0" box="[946,1067,1713,1739]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109A</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch II about two times length of teleoconch I, sculptured with numerous, very weak, thin growth lines (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFBC2F902FB093EF4" box="[1041,1156,1749,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109E</figureCitation>
), transition to teleoconch III marked by incised axial line, followed by increase in diameter (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFC58F92EFB8E3F08" box="[907,1027,1785,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109A</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch III with identical characters as previous stage, transition to teleoconch IV marked by slight incised axial line, followed by increase in diameter (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFEDAF896FEF03F40" box="[265,381,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109B</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch IV smooth (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFD4DF896FC823F40" box="[670,783,1857,1883]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 109F</figureCitation>
), transition to teleoconch V marked by slight incised axial line, followed by increase in diameter (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFD94F8B2FD483F64" box="[583,709,1893,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Figs. 109B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFD1CF8B2FC9C3F64" box="[719,785,1893,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="127.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-206@127.[151,1435,633,1439]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURE 110. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Conceptual reconstruction of growth stages. B. Species distribution map." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402593/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">110A</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch V with identical characters as previous stage, transition to teleoconch VI marked by suture, followed by increase in diameter (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9FFFFCFBE3F85EFB253FB8" box="[1072,1192,1929,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="127.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-206@127.[151,1435,633,1439]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURE 110. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Conceptual reconstruction of growth stages. B. Species distribution map." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402593/files/figure.png" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Fig. 110A</figureCitation>
). Teleoconch VI (last growth stage) small for genus [Tol
<quantity id="4CF2C3BAFF9FFFFCFDF2F87AFD443FDC" box="[545,713,1964,1992]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="1.625" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.45">1.45–1.80 mm</quantity>
], larger than previous stage, tubular, mildly and regularly arched [Larc:
<quantity id="4CF2C3BAFF9FFFFCFF37F806FE063FF7" box="[228,395,2001,2028]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="0.515" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.43">0.43–0.60 mm</quantity>
; Arc:
<quantity id="4CF2C3BAFF9FFFFCFE1CF806FDF53FF0" box="[463,632,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" unit="mm" value="0.095" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.09">0.09–0.10 mm</quantity>
], with increase in diameter from posterior to aperture, semi-translucent white (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFF37FF40FEC038AA" box="[228,333,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Figs. 108</figureCitation>
A–C). Surface smooth (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFD84FF40FD4438AA" box="[599,713,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetId="figure-170@126.[151,1435,1103,1826]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 109. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. shells at different growth stages. A. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735). B. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735). C. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735). D. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735). E. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735). F. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734). G. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 109F</figureCitation>
). Posterior [Dpe:
<quantity id="4CF2C3BAFF9CFFFFFC5EFF41FBBE38AA" box="[909,1075,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="0.395" valueMax="0.44" valueMin="0.35">0.35–0.44 mm</quantity>
] with thick edge, squared shoulder (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFF18FF6CFECF38CE" box="[203,322,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 108D</figureCitation>
). Septum mucronate, pronounced with flattened top, angled away from dorsal margin (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFAC9FF6CFA1D38CE" box="[1306,1424,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 108C</figureCitation>
). Mucro low, heel-like, positioned on dorsal margin, usually covered by septum.Aperture rather ovate [Da:
<quantity id="4CF2C3BAFF9CFFFFFAFFFF09FF453906" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.40–0.50 mm</quantity>
], oblique, slightly constricted (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFDCDFED4FD1E3906" box="[542,659,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 108D</figureCitation>
). No varix. Lip smooth (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFC71FED4FB953906" box="[930,1048,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 108D</figureCitation>
). Periostracum thin, smooth, translucent (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFF39FEF0FEED395A" box="[234,352,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 108A</figureCitation>
). Operculum thin, light brown; exterior surface with 5–7 concentric rings (
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFB4AFEF0FA86395A" box="[1177,1291,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetId="figure-115@126.[151,1435,381,959]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURE 108. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735). B. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735). C. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734). D. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). E. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735). F. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 108F</figureCitation>
). Conceptual reconstruction of growth stages shown in
<figureCitation id="133172DAFF9CFFFFFDB8FE9CFD6D397E" box="[619,736,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="127.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-206@127.[151,1435,633,1439]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="FIGURE 110. Caecum lightfootanum sp. nov. A. Conceptual reconstruction of growth stages. B. Species distribution map." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402593/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Fig. 110A</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF753ED7FF9CFFFFFF44FC00FA9A3C2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402587" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4402587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402587/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" startId="126.[151,250,983,1007]" targetBox="[151,1435,381,959]" targetPageId="126">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9CFFFFFF44FC00FA9A3C2C" blockId="126.[151,1436,983,1079]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFF44FC00FEA03BF4" bold="true" box="[151,301,983,1007]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">FIGURE 108.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9CFFFFFEE7FC00FD913BF4" authority="Raines, 2020" authorityName="Raines" authorityYear="2020" box="[308,540,983,1007]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lightfootanum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFEE7FC00FD913BF4" box="[308,540,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Caecum lightfootanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFDF7FC00FD023BF4" bold="true" box="[548,655,983,1007]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D0F36FF9CFFFFFDF7FC00FDF83BF4" box="[548,629,983,1007]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
. Profile view with periostracum (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFB7FFC00FB303BF4" bold="true" box="[1196,1213,983,1007]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">B</emphasis>
. Profile view without periostracum (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFE3AFC2CFE763C08" bold="true" box="[489,507,1019,1043]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">C</emphasis>
. Holotype, profile view (SBMNH 637734).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFC6BFC2CFC473C08" bold="true" box="[952,970,1019,1043]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">D</emphasis>
. Paratype, ventral view (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFA56FC2CFA1B3C08" bold="true" box="[1413,1430,1019,1043]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">E</emphasis>
. Paratype, subadult transition, ventral view (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFCC0FBC8FCAF3C2C" bold="true" box="[787,802,1055,1079]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">F</emphasis>
. Operculum, exterior surface (SBMNH 637735).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF753ED7FF9CFFFFFF44F8EDFE533FA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402589" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4402589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402589/files/figure.png" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" startId="126.[151,250,1850,1874]" targetBox="[151,1435,1103,1826]" targetPageId="126">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9CFFFFFF44F8EDFE533FA5" blockId="126.[151,1437,1850,1982]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFF44F8EDFEA63F49" bold="true" box="[151,299,1850,1874]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">FIGURE 109.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9CFFFFFEE3F8ECFD9B3F49" authority="Raines, 2020" authorityName="Raines" authorityYear="2020" box="[304,534,1850,1874]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lightfootanum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFEE3F8ECFD9B3F49" box="[304,534,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">Caecum lightfootanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFDCFF8EDFDE63F49" bold="true" box="[540,619,1850,1874]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24D0F36FF9CFFFFFDCFF8EDFDE63F49" box="[540,619,1850,1874]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
shells at different growth stages.
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFC6BF8EDFC473F49" bold="true" box="[952,970,1850,1874]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">A</emphasis>
. Protoconch and teleoconchs I to III (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFF24F889FE853F6D" bold="true" box="[247,264,1886,1910]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">B</emphasis>
. Teleoconchs III to IV (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFD64F889FD443F6D" bold="true" box="[695,713,1886,1910]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">C</emphasis>
. Surface of teleoconch I (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFB58F889FB103F6D" bold="true" box="[1163,1181,1886,1910]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">D</emphasis>
. Teleoconch V (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFF2AF855FE873F81" bold="true" box="[249,266,1922,1946]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">E</emphasis>
. Surface of teleoconchs II to III (SBMNH 637735).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFCF6F855FCB93F81" bold="true" box="[805,820,1922,1946]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">F</emphasis>
. Surface of teleoconchs IV to VI (SBMNH 637734).
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9CFFFFFA89F855FAE33F81" bold="true" box="[1370,1390,1922,1946]" pageId="126" pageNumber="127">G</emphasis>
. Teleoconch VI (SBMNH 637734).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9DFFFEFF14FF40FE8B38CE" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9DFFFEFF14FF40FE8B38CE" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,609]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFF14FF40FEC338AA" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,177]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named in honor of the late Joanne Lightfoot (1930
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFBE3FF40FBB338AA" bold="true" box="[1072,1086,151,177]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">–</emphasis>
1993), for her lifelong work on
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFF44FF6CFE8C38CE" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,257,187,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Caecidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9DFFFEFF14FF09FCFF3906" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9DFFFEFF14FF09FCFF3906" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,609]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFF14FF09FE7438E3" bold="true" box="[199,505,222,249]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Distribution and Habitat.</emphasis>
From Playa Pocoma,
<collectingCountry id="F31D2ECFFF9DFFFEFD27FF08FCAA38E2" box="[756,807,223,249]" name="Peru" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Peru</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="F31D2ECFFF9DFFFEFC9FFF08FC4F38E2" box="[844,962,223,249]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49CEA0BDFF9DFFFEFC1DFF08FBA838E2" box="[974,1061,223,249]" country="Ecuador" name="Guayas" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Guayas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F31D2ECFFF9DFFFEFBE2FF08FB1C38E2" box="[1073,1169,223,249]" name="Ecuador" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. Intertidal. Common on coarse sand substrates near the
<typeStatus id="54B1D0FDFF9DFFFEFE25FED4FDAB3906" box="[502,550,259,285]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">type</typeStatus>
locality, less so farther north.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3103DD4FF9DFFFEFF14FEF0FD713A7A" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9DFFFEFF14FEF0FDBF39EE" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,609]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFF14FEF0FEB6395A" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,321]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Remarks.</emphasis>
The apertural end of
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFDEFFEF0FCB3395A" authorityName="Raines" authorityYear="2020" box="[572,830,295,321]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lightfootanum">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFDEFFEF0FCB3395A" box="[572,830,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Caecum lightfootanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rather ovate, and is especially noticeable in early stages and subadults. There is no doubt that with only casual observation
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFC15FE9CFB0E397E" authorityName="Raines" authorityYear="2020" box="[966,1155,331,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lightfootanum">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFC15FE9CFB0E397E" box="[966,1155,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">C. lightfootanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be mistaken for its most similar congener
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFE4AFEB8FD893993" authorityName="Dall in Orcutt" authorityYear="1885" box="[409,516,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orcutti">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFE4AFEB8FD893993" box="[409,516,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">C. orcutti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the smoother sculpture, ovate aperture shape, and growth morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFF65FE44FEF939B6" authorityName="Raines" authorityYear="2020" box="[182,372,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lightfootanum">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFF65FE44FEF939B6" box="[182,372,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">C. lightfootanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite different. Furthermore, the closest population of
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFC29FE44FBE839B7" authorityName="Dall in Orcutt" authorityYear="1885" box="[1018,1125,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orcutti">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFC29FE44FBE839B7" box="[1018,1125,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">C. orcutti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is over
<quantity id="4CF2C3BAFF9DFFFEFB6CFE44FAA739B6" box="[1215,1322,403,429]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" unit="km" value="4800.0">4,800 km</quantity>
away and ocean currents do not support its dispersal or distribution to South America. There are also no fossil records that would suggest an earlier connection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB56E5FFF9DFFFEFF14FE28FD713A7A" blockId="127.[151,1436,151,609]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B13AEFF9DFFFEFF14FE28FEDD3A02" author="Cruz, M." box="[199,336,511,537]" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" pagination="131 - 137" refId="ref96611" refString="Cruz, M. (2007) Nueva distribucion de moluscos meiobentonicos (Gasteropoda: Familia Caecidae), en la costa ecuatoriana, 2006. Acta Oceanografica del Pacifico, 14, 131 - 137." type="journal article" year="2007">Cruz (2007)</bibRefCitation>
reported a species he referred to as
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFD3BFE28FC343A03" authorityName="Dall in Orcutt" authorityYear="1885" box="[744,953,511,537]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orcutti">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFD3BFE28FCC93A02" box="[744,836,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Caecum</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFCBCFE28FC343A03" box="[879,953,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">orcutti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F31D2ECFFF9DFFFEFC2CFE28FBD23A02" box="[1023,1119,511,537]" name="Ecuador" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. However, his description is more consistent with the smoother form of
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFDA4FDF4FD7E3A26" authorityName="Stuardo" authorityYear="1962" box="[631,755,547,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chilense">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFDA4FDF4FD7E3A26" box="[631,755,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">C. chilense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It could also be a subadult
<taxonomicName id="4C0A15DCFF9DFFFEFBFBFDF4FB683A26" authorityName="Raines" authorityYear="2020" box="[1064,1253,547,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Caecidae" genus="Caecum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lightfootanum">
<emphasis id="B97EB24DFF9DFFFEFBFBFDF4FB683A26" box="[1064,1253,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">C. lightfootanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the illustration is not detailed enough to make that determination.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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