689 lines
80 KiB
XML
689 lines
80 KiB
XML
<document id="46955B825D1E74B313C61E6C945D777E" ID-CLB-Dataset="2936" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5078.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="988005ac-68a5-443a-937e-7f4622d8bec8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5766352" ID-ZooBank="CCAB7BE3-7C2C-4EFF-85D1-61B6B26C4D69" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638951972358" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sanborn, Allen F., Cole, Jeffrey A., Stukel, Mark, Łukasik, Piotr, Veloso, Claudio, Gonzalez, Valorie A., Karkar, Jessica B. & Simon, Chris" docDate="2021" docId="038C1E56F103FFC5FF215DEF65D85C15" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5078.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5078 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chilecicada Sanborn 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FFB5662EF13FFFFAFFB65B5867525937" masterDocTitle="Thirteen new species of Chilecicada Sanborn, 2014 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadidae: Tibicininae) expand the highly endemic cicada fauna of Chile" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1699472111578" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1B667040D629E48F25CA8C200FF4D451">Thirteen new species of Chilecicada Sanborn, 2014 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadidae: Tibicininae) expand the highly endemic cicada fauna of Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="53639BCB948E332BA63006ADD4FDE1D2">Sanborn, Allen F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8EEC7491A6E66AF0230AB5B82ECC83BA">Cole, Jeffrey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="670A05AD4A7CE65AC12A8695081F7470" type="email">jacole@pasadena.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E6826B64AA2989869708821D168A8ADC">Stukel, Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ADB8F98C05E6A08AC3BC8195274C378E" type="email">mark.stukel@uconn.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="954B948131449A33CBEBAA92CA10186F">Łukasik, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7DF52C74A17E04D644164A2FFEF2F9A3" type="email">plukasik@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C1C4E9DF2C0F7A6A024464DA7299EC10">Veloso, Claudio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="40D49317F7A6F86770EE0DF1D10CFDC3" type="email">clveloso@uchile.cl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="61289A034F9388D68D39CABC61773DDA">Gonzalez, Valorie A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="48C27643ADB0E346360C4173485B66D4" type="email">vag038@ucsd.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D5C8DD47574914D4D2CA2CF302DB8BCB">Karkar, Jessica B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9E5342E9473A5F4246E3B2546654A047" type="email">jessicakarkar@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="286718A50E19E8CC3864B25D75F8B8EF">Simon, Chris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3DA9C2D34E22C9D6721149320F79EA69" type="email">asanborn@barry.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="9AF43667B5F36CF105B21EC9A60DF419">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="340D9E9C593B8908CD21935A38CBB665">
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<mods:date id="4CF47D8C1F2EEDA9CC7083321452F309">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C213B25864210F99B190D6C40FBC7A62">2021-12-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1B939AC01425E656F9EC9112557B8527">5078</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038C1E56F103FFC5FF215DEF65D85C15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5781555" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191650295" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5781555" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C1E56F103FFC5FF215DEF65D85C15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C1E56F103FFC5FF215DEF65D85C15" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection id="C33FFCCBF103FFC6FF215DEF65B75FE5" box="[151,741,1719,1746]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F103FFC6FF215DEF65B75FE5" blockId="60.[151,741,1719,1746]" box="[151,741,1719,1746]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="B9517352F103FFC6FF215DEF65B75FE5" bold="true" box="[151,741,1719,1746]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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Morphological key to the species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F103FFC6FDE05DEF65B75FE5" ID-CoL="8HG5L" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[598,741,1719,1746]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9517352F103FFC6FDE05DEF65B75FE5" bold="true" box="[598,741,1719,1746]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Chilecicada</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C33FFCCBF103FFC7FF215DA462CF5D98" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="key">
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<keyLead id="30D40C75F103FFC6FF215DA462CE5E26" box="[151,1436,1788,1810]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">1 Fore wing basal cell length greater than 3.95 times width..................................................... 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F103FFC6FF215C4262CE5E18" blockId="60.[151,1437,1788,2015]" box="[151,1436,1817,1839]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<keyLead id="30D40C75F103FFC6FF215C4262CE5E18" box="[151,1436,1817,1839]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">- Fore wing basal cell length less than 3.95 times width........................................................ 4</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F103FFC6FF215C6F62CE5E93" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F103FFC6FF215C6F62CF5E5E" blockId="60.[151,1437,1788,2015]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<keyLead id="30D40C75F103FFC6FF215C6F62CF5E5E" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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2 Fore wing basal cell length about 4.00 times width, piceous fascia separating fore wing costa and radius & subcostal veins, abdominal epipleurites with central spot..................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F103FFC6FB7E5C0C62325E5E" ID-CoL="9GCQ3" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1224,1376,1876,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mapuchensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9517352F103FFC6FB7E5C0C62325E5E" box="[1224,1376,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. mapuchensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9517352F103FFC6FAD05C0C62CF5E5E" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,1876,1897]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F103FFC6FAD05C0C62CF5E5E" box="[1382,1437,1876,1897]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F103FFC6FF215C2A62CE5E93" blockId="60.[151,1437,1788,2015]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<keyLead id="30D40C75F103FFC6FF215C2A62CE5E93" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">- Fore wing basal cell length greater than 4.10 times width, no piceous fascia separating fore wing costa and radius & subcostal veins, abdominal epipleurites without central spot........................................................... 3</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F103FFC7FF215CF462CF59D0" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F103FFC6FF215CF462CF5EE8" blockId="60.[151,1437,1788,2015]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<keyLead id="30D40C75F103FFC6FF215CF462CF5EE8" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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3 Fore wing basal cell length about 4.50 times width, fore wing length greater than
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<quantity id="4CDD02A5F103FFC6FC465CF4631A5EF5" box="[1008,1096,1964,1986]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="19.8">19.8 mm</quantity>
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, body length greater than
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<quantity id="4CDD02A5F103FFC6FAF75CF462CB5EF5" box="[1345,1433,1964,1986]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
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, proximal basal cell lacking piceous mark, meracanthus triangular...................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F103FFC6FAB15C9262325EE8" ID-CoL="9GCQ6" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1287,1376,1994,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraria" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9517352F103FFC6FAB15C9262325EE8" box="[1287,1376,1994,2015]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. oraria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9517352F103FFC6FAD05C9262CF5EE8" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,1994,2015]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F103FFC6FAD05C9262CF5EE8" box="[1382,1437,1994,2015]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215BC062CF59D0" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215BC062CF59D0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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- Fore wing basal cell length about 4.20 times width, fore wing length less than
|
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<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FC7F5BC0635C599A" box="[969,1038,152,173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
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, body length less than
|
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<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FB505BCF626F599A" box="[1254,1341,151,173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
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, proximal basal cell with piceous mark, meracanthus elongated with parallel sided base and triangular terminus..................................................................................................
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB125B8A623259D0" ID-CoL="9GCPY" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1188,1376,210,231]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pehuenchesensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB125B8A623259D0" box="[1188,1376,210,231]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. pehuenchesensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD05B8A62CF59D0" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,210,231]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD05B8A62CF59D0" box="[1382,1437,210,231]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
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<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF215BA862CE5814" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215BA862CF5832" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1437,239,261]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215BA862CF5832" box="[151,1437,239,261]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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4 Postclypeus with piceous longitudinal fasciae in central sulcus and along lateral margins...............
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<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB425BA862325832" ID-CoL="9GCQ4" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1268,1376,240,261]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifascia" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB425BA862325832" box="[1268,1376,240,261]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. trifascia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD05BA862CF5832" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,240,261]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD05BA862CF5832" box="[1382,1437,240,261]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215A5562CE5814" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215A5562CE5814" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">- Postclypeus with piceous longitudinal fascia only in central sulcus.............................................. 5</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF215A7262CE586A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215A7262CE5877" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215A7262CE5877" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">5 Proximal basal cell without piceous mark.................................................................. 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215A1062CE586A" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,327,349]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215A1062CE586A" box="[151,1436,327,349]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">- Proximal basal cell with piceous mark.................................................................... 8</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF215A3D62CE58E5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215A3D62CF58A0" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215A3D62CF58A0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
6 Fore wing basal cell length about 3.50 times width, fore wing length greater than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FC695A3D6367584D" box="[991,1077,357,379]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, piceous mark along medial opercular margin...........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB765ADA623258AF" ID-CoL="9GCPZ" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1216,1376,386,408]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curacaviensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB765ADA623258AF" box="[1216,1376,386,408]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. curacaviensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD05ADA62CF58A0" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,386,407]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD05ADA62CF58A0" box="[1382,1437,386,407]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215AF862CE58E5" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215AF862CE58E5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
- Fore wing basal cell length less than 3.20 times width, fore wing length less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FC485AC763055882" box="[1022,1111,415,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, medial opercular margin lacking piceous mark........................................................................................ 7
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF215A8362CF5BB5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215A8362CE5B70" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215A8362CE5B70" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
7 Fore wing basal cell length about 2.78 times width, piceous fascia separating fore wing costa and radius & subcostal veins, meracanthus elongated with parallel sided base and triangular terminus, posteromedial opercular margin forming an obtuse angle........................................................................................................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FAA9596A62CE5B70" ID-CoL="TZPK" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1311,1436,562,583]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAA9596A62CE5B70" box="[1311,1436,562,583]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. occidentis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF21590862CF5BB5" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF21590862CF5BB5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
- Fore wing basal cell length about 3.14 times width, no piceous fascia separating fore wing costa and radius & subcostal veins, meracanthus triangular, posteromedial opercular margin straight...............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB6C593562335BB5" ID-CoL="9GCQ7" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1242,1377,621,642]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridicitata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB6C593562335BB5" box="[1242,1377,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. viridicitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD0593562CF5BB5" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,621,642]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD0593562CF5BB5" box="[1382,1437,621,642]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF2159D262CE5B8A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF2159D262CE5BA8" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,650,672]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF2159D262CE5BA8" box="[151,1436,650,672]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
8 Body length less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FE0159D266A85B97" box="[439,506,650,672]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
||
........................................................................... 9
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF2159F062CE5B8A" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,679,701]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF2159F062CE5B8A" box="[151,1436,679,701]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
- Body length greater than
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FE6059F0654B5B8A" box="[470,537,680,701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
||
........................................................................ 10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF21599D62CF5A05" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF21599D62CF5BC0" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF21599D62CF5BC0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
9 Fore wing basal cell length about 3.67 times width, posteromedial opercular margin straight, abdominal epipleurites with central spot......................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB1459BA62335BCF" ID-CoL="9GCQ9" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1186,1377,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citatatemporaria" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB1459BA62335BCF" box="[1186,1377,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. citatatemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD059BA62CF5BC0" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,738,759]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD059BA62CF5BC0" box="[1382,1437,738,759]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF21585862CF5A05" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF21585862CF5A05" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
- Fore wing basal cell length about 3.00 times width, posteromedial opercular margin forming an obtuse angle, abdominal epipleurites lacking central spot....................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB29584562325A05" ID-CoL="9GCQ8" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1183,1376,797,818]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB29584562325A05" box="[1183,1376,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD0584562CF5A05" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,797,818]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD0584562CF5A05" box="[1382,1437,797,818]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF21586262CE5A5A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF21586262CE5A78" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,826,848]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF21586262CE5A78" box="[151,1436,826,848]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">10 Abdominal epipleurites without central spot............................................................... 11</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF21580062CE5A5A" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,855,877]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF21580062CE5A5A" box="[151,1436,855,877]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">- Abdominal epipleurites with central spot................................................................. 12</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF21582D62CE5AD5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF21582D62CE5A9F" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF21582D62CE5A9F" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
11 Fore wing basal cell length about 3.50 times width, medial opercular margin barely medial to anteromedial margin........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB0758CA62085A9F" ID-CoL="9GCQ5" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1201,1370,914,936]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partemporaria" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB0758CA62085A9F" box="[1201,1370,914,936]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. partemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD658CA62C55A90" bold="true" box="[1376,1431,914,935]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD658CA62C55A90" box="[1376,1431,914,935]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF2158E862CE5AD5" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF2158E862CE5AD5" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
- Fore wing basal cell length about 3.88 times width, medial opercular margin extended to meracanthus....................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB7A589562095AD5" ID-CoL="9GCQC" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1228,1371,973,994]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciunca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB7A589562095AD5" box="[1228,1371,973,994]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. trifasciunca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD6589562C55AD5" bold="true" box="[1376,1431,973,994]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD6589562C55AD5" box="[1376,1431,973,994]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF2158B262CE5D0D" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF2158B262CF5D2A" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF2158B262CF5D2A" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
12 Fore wing basal cell length about 3.75 times width, medial opercular margin ground color, meracanthus elongated with parallel sided base and triangular terminus...........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FAB55F5062325D2A" ID-CoL="9GCQB" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1283,1376,1032,1053]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAB55F5062325D2A" box="[1283,1376,1032,1053]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. magna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD05F5062CF5D2A" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,1032,1053]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD05F5062CF5D2A" box="[1382,1437,1032,1053]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215F7D62CE5D0D" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" box="[151,1436,1061,1083]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215F7D62CE5D0D" box="[151,1436,1061,1083]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">- Fore wing basal cell length less than 3.75 times width, medial opercular margin piceous, meracanthus triangular........ 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30D1B7E5F102FFC7FF215F1A62CF5D98" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215F1A62CF5D42" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215F1A62CF5D42" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
13 Fore wing basal cell length about 3.70 times width, fore wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FC285F1A63505D6F" box="[926,1026,1090,1112]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="20.75">20.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
or greater, terminus of male uncus bent, posteromedial opercular margin forming an obtuse angle..................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB055F3862325D42" ID-CoL="9GCQD" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1203,1376,1120,1141]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parrajaraorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB055F3862325D42" box="[1203,1376,1120,1141]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. parrajaraorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD05F3862CF5D42" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,1120,1141]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD05F3862CF5D42" box="[1382,1437,1120,1141]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF215F2562CF5D98" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1200]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<keyLead id="30D40C75F102FFC7FF215F2562CF5D98" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
- Fore wing basal cell length about 3.50 times width, fore wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD02A5F102FFC7FC3A5F2564BC5DA5" box="[908,1006,1149,1171]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="20.75">20.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
or shorter, terminus of male uncus straight, posteromedial opercular margin straight..................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB7A5FC262325D98" ID-CoL="9GCQ2" authority="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1228,1376,1178,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culenesensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB7A5FC262325D98" box="[1228,1376,1178,1199]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. culenesensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAD05FC262CF5D98" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,1178,1199]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A262CE29F102FFC7FAD05FC262CF5D98" box="[1382,1437,1178,1199]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33FFCCBF102FFC7FF715FB862CE5F56" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF715FB862CE5F56" blockId="61.[151,1437,1247,2029]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FF715FB8660C5DCF" bold="true" box="[199,350,1248,1272]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Bioacoustics.</emphasis>
|
||
The fine structure of timbalization is remarkably conserved: pulse rates (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FABA5FB9624F5DCF" box="[1292,1309,1249,1272]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=7.44×10-1) and syllable rates (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE4C5E5D65595C2B" box="[506,523,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=6.61×10-2) were not significantly different among species (character definitions illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F102FFC7FE985E7E66C75C76" box="[302,405,1318,1345]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="30.[152,238,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[290,1298,184,1296]" captionTargetId="figure-26@30.[290,1298,181,1301]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="PLATE 2. Waveforms of Chilecicada songs. Left column 5 s oscillogram windows show echemes and echeme sequences, right column 0.5 s windows show pulses and syllables within echemes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766370/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Plate 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rather, higher order temporal characters varied among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB975E7E62585C77" box="[1057,1290,1318,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB975E7E63FA5C77" box="[1057,1192,1318,1344]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Multivariate analysis of echeme duration (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FDD45E1365215C53" box="[610,627,1355,1380]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=5.89×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FD565E1265BF5C6F" attach="none" box="[736,749,1354,1368]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-8</superScript>
|
||
) and echeme rate (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FBF35E1363045C53" box="[1093,1110,1355,1380]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=2.2×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FB025E1263985C6F" attach="none" box="[1204,1226,1354,1368]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-16</superScript>
|
||
) produced clusters of four song
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F102FFC7FE915E3766305CBE" box="[295,354,1391,1417]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">types</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F102FFC7FEC75E3666975CBE" box="[369,453,1390,1417]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="62.[152,255,1125,1149]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,387,1100]" captionTargetId="figure-127@62.[228,1360,381,1102]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 15. Chilecicada song types numbered on a scatterplot of echeme duration vs. echeme rate: type 1) medium duration, slow rate; type 2) long duration, slow rate; type 3) short duration, medium rate; type 4) short duration, fast rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766390/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F102FFC7FE6C5E3765585CBE" box="[474,522,1391,1417]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1) medium echeme duration (0.25–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE11C987F102FFC7FC2A5E3664825CBE" box="[924,976,1390,1417]" degrees="1.0" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" precision="5555" value="-1.0">1.0 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and slow echeme rate (0.5–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE11C987F102FFC7FAA25E36621C5C4B" box="[1300,1358,1390,1417]" degrees="1.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" precision="5555" value="-1.7">
|
||
1.7
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FA8B5E37621C5C4B" attach="left" box="[1341,1358,1390,1417]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">s-</superScript>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
1) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FA355E3766715C9B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culenesensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FA355E3766715C9B" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. culenesensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FE995ECB66B55C9B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[303,487,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curacaviensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE995ECB66B55C9B" box="[303,487,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. curacaviensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FE455ECB650F5C9B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[499,605,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE455ECB650F5C9B" box="[499,605,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. magna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FDDF5ECB659D5C9B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[617,719,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FDDF5ECB659D5C9B" box="[617,719,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. oraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FD6D5ECB64CC5C9B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[731,926,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FD6D5ECB64CC5C9B" box="[731,926,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. partemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FC1C5ECB63D15C9B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[938,1155,1426,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pehuenchesensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FC1C5ECB63D15C9B" box="[938,1155,1426,1453]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. pehuenchesensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB0D5ECB62325C9A" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1211,1376,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciunca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB0D5ECB62325C9A" box="[1211,1376,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. trifasciunca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F102FFC7FADA5ECB62CE5C9A" box="[1388,1436,1427,1453]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2) long echeme duration (>1 s) and slow echeme rate (<
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE11C987F102FFC7FD485EEF64655CF3" box="[766,823,1462,1489]" degrees="0.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" precision="5555" value="-0.7">
|
||
0.7
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FC905EEF64655CF3" attach="left" box="[806,823,1462,1489]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">s-</superScript>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
1) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FCDE5EEF631A5CE7" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[872,1096,1463,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FCDE5EEF631A5CE7" box="[872,1096,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F102FFC7FBE35EEF63D75CE6" box="[1109,1157,1463,1489]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
|
||
3) short echeme duration (0.07–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE11C987F102FFC7FF695E8366705CC2" box="[223,290,1499,1525]" degrees="0.08" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" precision="555" value="-0.08">0.08 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and medium echeme rate (8–10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FD215E8365FD5CDF" attach="left" box="[663,687,1498,1525]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">s-1</superScript>
|
||
) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FD6A5E83642A5CC3" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[732,888,1498,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridicitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FD6A5E83642A5CC3" box="[732,888,1498,1525]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. viridicitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F102FFC7FC005E8364B45CC2" box="[950,998,1499,1525]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">type</typeStatus>
|
||
4) short echeme duration (<
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE11C987F102FFC7FA965E8262365CC2" box="[1312,1380,1498,1525]" degrees="0.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" precision="555" value="-0.05">0.05 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and fast echeme rate (>16
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FE3D5EA766F15F3B" attach="left" box="[395,419,1534,1561]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">s-1</superScript>
|
||
) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FE7B5EA765F95F2F" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[461,683,1535,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citatatemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE7B5EA765F95F2F" box="[461,683,1535,1561]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. citatatemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FD685EA7643D5F2F" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[734,879,1534,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FD685EA7643D5F2F" box="[734,879,1534,1561]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. occidentis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although mean dominant frequency distributions of most species were variable, some species were divided among high (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FC165D7B63D25F0B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[928,1152,1571,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FC165D7B63D25F0B" box="[928,1152,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FB3A5D7B623A5F0B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1164,1384,1571,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citatatemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB3A5D7B623A5F0B" box="[1164,1384,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. citatatemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FF215D1F66605F57" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,306,1606,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridicitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FF215D1F66605F57" box="[151,306,1606,1633]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. viridicitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and low (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FE105D1F655F5F57" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[422,525,1607,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE105D1F655F5F57" box="[422,525,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. oraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FD895D1F64515F57" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[575,771,1607,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FD895D1F64515F57" box="[575,771,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. partemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) frequency distributions (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB105D1F63E55F57" box="[1190,1207,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=7.78×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FA925D1E62635F63" attach="none" box="[1316,1329,1606,1620]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-8</superScript>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F102FFC7FA895D1E62DD5F56" box="[1343,1423,1606,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="62.[152,255,2012,2036]" captionTargetBox="[193,1383,1220,1979]" captionTargetId="figure-172@62.[184,1402,1210,1988]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 16. Chilecicada songs resolved on a scatterplot of mean dominant frequency vs. echeme rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766392/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33FFCCBF102FFC4FF715D3263FF5852" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC7FF715D3264695E0E" blockId="61.[151,1437,1247,2029]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Pulse rate (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE655D3366B65FB3" box="[467,484,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=7.15×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FDE75D32650C5F4F" attach="none" box="[593,606,1642,1656]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-1</superScript>
|
||
), syllable rate (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FC285D3364FD5FB3" box="[926,943,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=7.39×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FBAA5D32637B5F4F" attach="none" box="[1052,1065,1642,1656]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-1</superScript>
|
||
), and mean dominant frequency (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE805DD766155F9F" box="[310,327,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=3.09×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FE055DD666935FAB" attach="none" box="[435,449,1678,1692]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-1</superScript>
|
||
) showed no relationship with temperature. Significant temperature by species interactions were found initially for echeme duration (MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FC3D5DEB64CE5FFB" box="[907,924,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=6.17×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FBBF5DEA63445FF7" attach="none" box="[1033,1046,1714,1728]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-5</superScript>
|
||
). When partitioned by species the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FF215D8F66295FC7" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,379,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FF215D8F66295FC7" box="[151,379,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
echeme duration showed a positive relationship with temperature (GLM,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FB665D8F63B35FC7" box="[1232,1249,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=4.28×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FAF85D8E620E5FD3" attach="none" box="[1358,1372,1750,1764]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-2</superScript>
|
||
, R
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FAC95D8E62D55FD3" attach="left" box="[1407,1415,1750,1764]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">2</superScript>
|
||
= 32.30%;
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F102FFC7FF4B5DA266035E22" box="[253,337,1786,1813]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="63.[152,255,785,809]" captionTargetBox="[278,1308,188,754]" captionTargetId="figure-19@63.[272,1314,181,761]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 17. Positive relationship between echeme duration and ambient temperature in Chilecicada impartemporaria." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766394/files/figure.png" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Removal of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FE455DA365875E23" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[499,725,1787,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE455DA365875E23" box="[499,725,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rendered the temperature by species interaction nonsignificant for the remainder of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FEC95C4665545E0F" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[383,518,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FEC95C4665545E0F" box="[383,518,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MANOVA,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FD295C4765E25E0F" box="[671,688,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">P</emphasis>
|
||
=3.21×10
|
||
<superScript id="7C500208F102FFC7FCAB5C4664785E1B" attach="right" box="[797,810,1822,1836]" fontSize="6" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">-1</superScript>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F102FFC4FF715C1A63FF5852" blockId="61.[151,1437,1247,2029]" lastBlockId="62.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FEB15C1A66DC5E6B" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[263,398,1858,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FEB15C1A66DC5E6B" box="[263,398,1858,1884]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
relied on crypsis and remained stationary for long periods, rarely flying even when disturbed;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FF215C3F662F5EB7" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,381,1895,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citatatemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FF215C3F662F5EB7" box="[151,381,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. citatatemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FE765C3F65FB5EB7" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[448,681,1895,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FE765C3F65FB5EB7" box="[448,681,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
did not attempt to fly even when captured, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FAB55C3F62CF5EB7" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1283,1437,1894,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FAB55C3F62CF5EB7" box="[1283,1437,1894,1921]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">C. occidentis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occasionally flew short distances when disturbed but males also dropped to the ground.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F102FFC7FBC25CD263A95E93" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[1140,1275,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F102FFC7FBC25CD263A95E93" box="[1140,1275,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males sang in aggregations from mid morning (1043 h) to late afternoon (1758 h) and called repeatedly from the same perches. Shortly after an echeme was initiated a male would often lift the abdomen, which was correlated with an increase in echeme amplitude (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F101FFC4FE245BCF66AB5986" box="[402,505,151,177]" captionStart="PLATE 2" captionStartId="30.[152,238,1325,1349]" captionTargetBox="[290,1298,184,1296]" captionTargetId="figure-26@30.[290,1298,181,1301]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="PLATE 2. Waveforms of Chilecicada songs. Left column 5 s oscillogram windows show echemes and echeme sequences, right column 0.5 s windows show pulses and syllables within echemes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766370/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Plate 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Perch height was different among sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FBBC5BCF63CF5986" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[1034,1181,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FBBC5BCF63CF5986" box="[1034,1181,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. occidentis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FB605BCF62CE5987" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1238,1436,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FB605BCF62CE5987" box="[1238,1436,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. partemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Peñaolén: the former perched on low bushes and forbs, while the latter tended to perch
|
||
<quantity id="4CDD02A5F101FFC4FB2D5BE363ED59E2" box="[1179,1215,187,213]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="2.0">2m</quantity>
|
||
or above on acacia and other trees. In addition to timbalization, wing flicks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F101FFC4FC865B8764D159CE" box="[816,899,223,249]" captionStart="PLATE 4" captionStartId="37.[152,238,1486,1510]" captionTargetBox="[197,1386,636,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-251@37.[194,1393,633,1463]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="PLATE 4. Male Chilecicada wing flick behavior. Wing flicks are depicted on spectrograms with Hanning window size 512 except 4B C. impartemporaria, which best resolved on an oscillogram. Each wing flick is annotated with a dot above its position on the window, while echemes are annotated with dashes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766376/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) were observed in six
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FB395B87622759CE" box="[1167,1397,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FB395B87624459CE" box="[1167,1302,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FA355B876607582B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citatatemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FA355B876607582B" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. citatatemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n=1),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FE1C5A5B65DF582B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[426,653,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FE1C5A5B65DF582B" box="[426,653,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n=3),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FD545A5B641D582B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[738,847,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FD545A5B641D582B" box="[738,847,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. magna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n=1),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FC135A5B6339582B" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[933,1131,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FC135A5B6339582B" box="[933,1131,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. partemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n=3),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FB765A5B62CF582A" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1216,1437,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pehuenchesensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FB765A5B62CF582A" box="[1216,1437,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. pehuenchesensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n=1), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FEA75A7F66E45876" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[273,438,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifasciunca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FEA75A7F66E45876" box="[273,438,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. trifasciunca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n=1). Males inserted wing flicks within the interecheme intervals of their songs. Females were observed neither within the vicinity of wing flicking males nor to flick their own wings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF5AFFC8F101FFC4FF2E5F3D62525D96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766390" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5766390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766390/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" startId="62.[152,255,1125,1149]" targetBox="[234,1354,387,1100]" targetPageId="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F101FFC4FF2E5F3D62525D96" blockId="62.[151,1437,1125,1186]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FF2E5F3D66775D4A" bold="true" box="[152,293,1125,1149]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FE9D5F3D66F75D4A" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[299,421,1125,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FE9D5F3D66F75D4A" box="[299,421,1125,1149]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
song types numbered on a scatterplot of echeme duration vs. echeme rate: type 1) medium duration, slow rate; type 2) long duration, slow rate; type 3) short duration, medium rate; type 4) short duration, fast rate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5AFFC8F101FFC4FF2E5C8463EA5EC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766392" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5766392" box="[152,1208,2012,2036]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766392/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" startId="62.[152,255,2012,2036]" targetBox="[193,1383,1220,1979]" targetPageId="62">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F101FFC4FF2E5C8463EA5EC4" blockId="62.[152,1208,2012,2036]" box="[152,1208,2012,2036]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FF2E5C8466775EC3" bold="true" box="[152,293,2012,2036]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F101FFC4FE9D5C8466F75EC3" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[299,421,2012,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F101FFC4FE9D5C8466F75EC3" box="[299,421,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
songs resolved on a scatterplot of mean dominant frequency vs. echeme rate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5AFFC8F100FFC5FF2E5849620E5A1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5766394" box="[152,1372,785,809]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766394/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" startId="63.[152,255,785,809]" targetBox="[278,1308,188,754]" targetPageId="63">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F100FFC5FF2E5849620E5A1E" blockId="63.[152,1372,785,809]" box="[152,1372,785,809]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FF2E584966775A1E" bold="true" box="[152,293,785,809]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
|
||
Positive relationship between echeme duration and ambient temperature in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FB91584962045A1E" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1063,1366,785,809]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FB91584962045A1E" box="[1063,1366,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Chilecicada impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33FFCCBF100FFC5FF71580065D85C15" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9AAF40F100FFC5FF71580065D85C15" blockId="63.[151,1437,855,1314]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FF71580066A05A46" bold="true" box="[199,498,855,882]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Molecular phylogenetics.</emphasis>
|
||
Molecular voucher accessions and collecting data are found in Supp. Table 1. Four independent runs resulted in identical topologies (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F100FFC5FD085823645D5AA1" box="[702,783,891,918]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="64.[152,255,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,348,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-97@64.[151,1436,345,1587]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 18. COI gene tree. Numbers at nodes are posterior probabilities. Shown to the right are 5 s calling song oscillograms. Green stars are morphologically determined vouchers, dark blue stars are molecular vouchers that were recorded, light blue stars are recordings applied from the same population as the molecular voucher, orange star is a recording applied to the terminal from another population, and red stars are possible instances of mitochondrial capture or incomplete lineage sorting." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766396/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
), and MCMC chains converged given the average standard deviation of split frequencies of 0.005146, which falls below the minimum threshold of 0.02. A monophyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FF21589B664C5AEA" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,286,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FF21589B664C5AEA" box="[151,286,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
received 1.0 posterior probability.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FD19589C641F5AEA" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[687,845,963,990]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridicitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FD19589C641F5AEA" box="[687,845,963,990]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. viridicitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is monophyletic and sister to all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FAB8589B62C75AEA" authorityName="Sanborn" authorityYear="2014" box="[1294,1429,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FAB8589B62C75AEA" box="[1294,1429,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Chilecicada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two exemplars that fall into other clades make
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FD0D58B064CD5D36" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[699,927,1000,1026]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FD0D58B064CD5D36" box="[699,927,1000,1026]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
polyphyletic.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FBF558B062525D36" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1091,1280,1000,1026]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curacaviensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FBF558B062525D36" box="[1091,1280,1000,1026]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. curacaviensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form a grade leading up to a clade of mixed taxa.All but one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FD165F5464605D12" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[672,818,1035,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occidentis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FD165F5464605D12" box="[672,818,1035,1062]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. occidentis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exemplar form a clade. Two clades of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FB6E5F5462CE5D12" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[1240,1436,1036,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FB6E5F5462CE5D12" box="[1240,1436,1036,1062]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. partemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
correspond to a geographic break: the totopotype from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E161A2F100FFC5FCA85F7764D25D7E" box="[798,896,1071,1097]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Santiago</collectingRegion>
|
||
belongs to a clade of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E161A2F100FFC5FB3D5F7763BF5D7E" box="[1163,1261,1071,1097]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Santiago</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Cordillera Province exemplars, while the other contains exemplars from the south in Cachapoal and Colchagüa provinces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F100FFC5FF165F2F67A05DA5" box="[160,242,1143,1170]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="65.[152,255,963,987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1412,289,909]" captionTargetId="figure-57@65.[166,1412,289,909]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 19. Mapped COI gene tree. COI barcode tree from Fig. 18 visualized against a map of specimen localities using web application TreeToM (See methods). Colors represent described species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766398/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sister to the northern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FE405F2065E95DA6" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[502,699,1144,1170]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="partemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FE405F2065E95DA6" box="[502,699,1144,1170]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. partemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade is topotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FC335F2063635DA6" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[901,1073,1143,1170]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="culenesensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FC335F2063635DA6" box="[901,1073,1143,1170]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. culenesensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Melipilla Province west of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E161A2F100FFC5FF215FC367AB5D82" box="[151,249,1179,1205]" country="Chile" name="Region Metropolitana" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Santiago</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F100FFC5FEBF5FC3660C5D81" box="[265,350,1179,1206]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="65.[152,255,963,987]" captionTargetBox="[168,1412,289,909]" captionTargetId="figure-57@65.[166,1412,289,909]" captionTargetPageId="65" captionText="FIGURE 19. Mapped COI gene tree. COI barcode tree from Fig. 18 visualized against a map of specimen localities using web application TreeToM (See methods). Colors represent described species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766398/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each clade consists of a single song
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F100FFC5FCA45FC464105D81" box="[786,834,1180,1206]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131EB3C5F100FFC5FCE45FC364F45D81" box="[850,934,1179,1206]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="64.[152,255,1610,1634]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,348,1580]" captionTargetId="figure-97@64.[151,1436,345,1587]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 18. COI gene tree. Numbers at nodes are posterior probabilities. Shown to the right are 5 s calling song oscillograms. Green stars are morphologically determined vouchers, dark blue stars are molecular vouchers that were recorded, light blue stars are recordings applied from the same population as the molecular voucher, orange star is a recording applied to the terminal from another population, and red stars are possible instances of mitochondrial capture or incomplete lineage sorting." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5766396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5766396/files/figure.png" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
), barring the intrusion of the two wandering
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FF215F98662B5DEE" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,377,1216,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impartemporaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FF215F98662B5DEE" box="[151,377,1216,1242]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. impartemporaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that bring
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F100FFC5FE455F9865715DED" box="[499,547,1216,1242]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 songs into clades consisting of
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F100FFC5FC2A5F98649E5DED" box="[924,972,1216,1242]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 and
|
||
<typeStatus id="549E11E2F100FFC5FBAE5F98631A5DED" box="[1048,1096,1216,1242]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
|
||
4 songs, respectively. Genetic distance between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C25D4C3F100FFC5FED65FBC66AF5DCA" authorityName="Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon" authorityYear="2021" box="[352,509,1251,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Chilecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridicitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FED65FBC66AF5DCA" box="[352,509,1251,1278]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. viridicitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the remainder of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9517352F100FFC5FD4E5FBB64D35DCA" box="[760,897,1251,1277]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Chilecidada</emphasis>
|
||
is on the order of 9.5% - 11%, for an estimated divergence time of 8-14 Ma (Supp. Table 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |