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<document id="F881F984962952407F1644E157F59ED6" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4759.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9675f3d4-930d-4e4c-97e1-bcc7e6c5120d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3741178" ID-ZooBank="FBD53C14-07AA-4E01-9739-214680A1DE4C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1586156589363" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Skartveit, John &amp; Krizmanić, Katarina" docDate="2020" docId="C6550F6A9514FF8423B1F8EBFA8EE162" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4759.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4759 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plecia lygaeoides Loew 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="361" masterDocId="3A6C7712951CFF8E2326FFE2FF8FE07D" masterDocTitle="Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Miocene of Radoboj, Croatia" masterLastPageNumber="378" masterPageNumber="351" pageNumber="359" updateTime="1698735747428" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5B44F7FA2FA1ABC172983843A46C8044">Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Miocene of Radoboj, Croatia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FD96383BDC91F1FD3A97927E5FBF98CE">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="C6550F6A9514FF8423B1F8EBFA8EE162" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810465" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163437702" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810465" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6550F6A9514FF8423B1F8EBFA8EE162" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C6550F6A9514FF8423B1F8EBFA8EE162" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<subSubSection id="06E6EDF79514FF8623B1F8EBFD86E75F" box="[151,521,1800,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9514FF8623B1F8EBFD86E75F" blockId="8.[151,521,1800,1863]" box="[151,521,1800,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<heading id="150B09109514FF8623B1F8EBFD86E75F" bold="true" box="[151,521,1800,1827]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9514FF8623B1F8EBFD86E75F" ID-CoL="9HCJQ" authority="(Heer, 1849)" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1868" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,521,1800,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9514FF8623B1F8EBFD86E75F" bold="true" box="[151,521,1800,1827]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
Plecia lygaeoides (
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9514FF86225FF8EAFD8EE75F" author="Heer, O." box="[377,513,1800,1826]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" refId="ref11225" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 264 + XVII pp." type="book" year="1849">Heer, 1849</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06E6EDF79514FF8623B1F8CFFEAFE73A" box="[151,288,1837,1863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9514FF8623B1F8CFFEAFE73A" blockId="8.[151,521,1800,1863]" box="[151,288,1837,1863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
(
<figureCitation id="D6C7A2F99514FF8623B9F8CFFF60E73A" box="[159,239,1837,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,2003,2028]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,1052,1978]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[176,1411,1052,1978]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plecia lygaeoides, female, holotype, SLJG 77465." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3741190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3741190/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6C7A2F99514FF8623DDF8CFFE97E73A" box="[251,280,1837,1863]" captionStart="FIGURES 26–28. 26" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1955]" captionTargetBox="[304,1283,195,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[294,1294,181,1905]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 26–28. 26. Plecia lugubris, possible type, female, wing (somewhat shortened), NHMW, no catalog number. 27. Plecia lygaeoides, female, holotype, wing, SLJG 77465. 28. Bibio enterodelus, female, holotype, wing, SLJG 77425. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3741218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3741218/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">27</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06E6EDF79514FF8723B1F893FD2BE093" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9514FF8623B1F893FC3FE7F4" blockId="8.[151,944,1905,2021]" box="[151,944,1905,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9514FF8623B1F893FD37E7F4" ID-CoL="8B746" authority="Germar, 1837 sensu Unger, 1841: 427" authorityName="Unger" authorityPageNumber="427" authorityYear="1841" box="[151,696,1905,1929]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lignarius">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9514FF8623B1F893FEBFE7F4" box="[151,304,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">Bibio lignarius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9514FF862210F893FE4DE7F4" author="Germar, E. F." box="[310,450,1905,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" refId="ref11153" refString="Germar, E. F. (1837) Fauna insectorum europae. Fasc. XIX. Kummel, Halle, 25 pls." type="book" year="1837">Germar, 1837</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="7C88626E9514FF8622EEF890FD8FE7F4" box="[456,512,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">sensu</emphasis>
Unger, 1841: 427
</taxonomicName>
(nec Germar),
<emphasis id="7C88626E9514FF862075F890FC3FE7F4" box="[851,944,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">pro parte</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9514FF8623B1F872FDABE7D5" blockId="8.[151,944,1905,2021]" box="[151,548,1936,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EEC99529514FF8623B1F872FDABE7D5" box="[151,548,1936,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<treatmentCitation id="CF5D986D9514FF8623B1F872FDAFE7D5" author="Heer, O." box="[151,544,1936,1960]" page="232" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" year="1849">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9514FF8623B1F872FDAFE7D5" ID-CoL="8DHLM" authority="Heer, 1849: 232" authorityName="Heer" authorityPageNumber="232" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,544,1936,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9514FF8623B1F872FEFBE7D5" box="[151,372,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">Protomyia lygaeoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9514FF86225CF872FDAFE7D5" author="Heer, O." box="[378,544,1936,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" refId="ref11225" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 264 + XVII pp." type="book" year="1849">Heer, 1849: 232</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9514FF8623B1F84CFDC4E7BA" blockId="8.[151,944,1905,2021]" box="[151,587,1966,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EEC99529514FF8623B1F84CFDC4E7BA" box="[151,587,1966,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<treatmentCitation id="CF5D986D9514FF8623B1F84CFDC8E7BA" author="Loew, H." box="[151,583,1966,1991]" page="185" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" year="1868">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9514FF8623B1F84CFDC8E7BA" ID-CoL="9HCJQ" authority="(Heer) Loew, 1868: 185" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="185" authorityYear="1868" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,583,1966,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9514FF8623B1F84CFEC5E7BB" box="[151,330,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">Plecia lygaeoides</emphasis>
(Heer)
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9514FF8622BFF84DFDC8E7BA" author="Loew, H." box="[409,583,1966,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" pagination="180 - 191" refId="ref11345" refString="Loew, H. (1868) Berichtigungen der generischen Bestimmung einiger fossilen Dipteren. Zeitschrift fur die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 32, 180 - 191." type="journal article" year="1868">Loew, 1868: 185</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9514FF8623B1F82FFD13E798" blockId="8.[151,944,1905,2021]" box="[151,668,1996,2021]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EEC99529514FF8623B1F82FFD13E798" box="[151,668,1996,2021]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">
<treatmentCitation id="CF5D986D9514FF8623B1F82FFD17E798" author="Evenhuis, N. L." box="[151,664,1996,2021]" page="129" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" year="1994">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9514FF8623B1F82FFD17E798" ID-CoL="92VVY" authority="(Heer) Evenhuis, 1994: 129" authorityName="Evenhuis" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="1994" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,664,1996,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9514FF8623B1F82FFEFBE798" box="[151,372,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="359">Penthetria lygaeoides</emphasis>
(Heer)
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9514FF8622E2F82EFD17E798" author="Evenhuis, N. L." box="[452,664,1996,2021]" pageId="8" pageNumber="359" refId="ref11127" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (1994) Catalogue of the fossil flies of the world. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 600 pp." type="book" year="1994">Evenhuis, 1994: 129</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723B1FF7BFDE8E0CC" blockId="9.[151,676,153,238]" box="[151,615,153,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EEC99529515FF8723B1FF7BFDE8E0CC" box="[151,615,153,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<treatmentCitation id="CF5D986D9515FF8723B1FF7BFD9AE0CC" author="Heer, O." box="[151,533,153,177]" page="237" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="1849">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF8723B1FF7BFD9AE0CC" ID-CoL="8DHLD" authority="Heer, 1849: 237" authorityName="Heer" authorityPageNumber="237" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,533,153,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipennis">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723B1FF7BFEE3E0CC" box="[151,364,153,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Protomyia latipennis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9515FF872254FF7BFD9AE0CC" author="Heer, O." box="[370,533,153,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" refId="ref11225" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 264 + XVII pp." type="book" year="1849">Heer, 1849: 237</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF872105FF7BFDD0E0CD" box="[547,607,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">syn.n.</emphasis>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723B1FF55FDCCE0B2" blockId="9.[151,676,153,238]" box="[151,579,183,208]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EEC99529515FF8723B1FF55FDCCE0B2" box="[151,579,183,208]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<treatmentCitation id="CF5D986D9515FF8723B1FF55FDB0E0B2" author="Loew, H." box="[151,575,183,208]" page="184" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="1868">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF8723B1FF55FDB0E0B2" authority="(Heer) Loew, 1868: 184" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="184" authorityYear="1868" baseAuthorityName="Heer" box="[151,575,183,208]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipennis">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723B1FF55FECDE0B2" box="[151,322,183,207]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Plecia latipennis</emphasis>
(Heer)
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9515FF8722B7FF5AFDB0E0B2" author="Loew, H." box="[401,575,183,208]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" pagination="180 - 191" refId="ref11345" refString="Loew, H. (1868) Berichtigungen der generischen Bestimmung einiger fossilen Dipteren. Zeitschrift fur die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 32, 180 - 191." type="journal article" year="1868">Loew, 1868: 184</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723B1FF34FD2BE093" blockId="9.[151,676,153,238]" box="[151,676,213,238]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EEC99529515FF8723B1FF34FD2BE093" box="[151,676,213,238]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<treatmentCitation id="CF5D986D9515FF8723B1FF34FD2FE093" author="Handlirsch, A." box="[151,672,213,238]" page="960" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="1907">
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF8723B1FF34FD2FE093" ID-CoL="8D8L9" authority="(Heer) Handlirsch, 1907: 960" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityPageNumber="960" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,672,213,238]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipennis">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723B1FF34FEE3E093" box="[151,364,214,238]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Penthetria latipennis</emphasis>
(Heer)
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9515FF87229DFF37FD2FE093" author="Handlirsch, A." box="[443,672,213,238]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" pagination="801 - 960" refId="ref11177" refString="Handlirsch, A. (1907) Die fossile Insekten und die Phylogenie der rezenten Formen. Ein Handbuch fur Palaontologen und Zoologen. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 801 - 960. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 34145" type="book chapter" year="1907">Handlirsch, 1907: 960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06E6EDF79515FF8423B1FEFFFA8EE162" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723B1FEFFFC0DE102" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723B1FEFFFEC5E14A" bold="true" box="[151,330,284,311]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Type material:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="914700DE9515FF872272FEFEFE33E14B" box="[340,444,284,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(female)
<collectionCode id="28ED26B99515FF872109FEFFFDE0E14A" box="[559,623,285,311]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nap9-3men" name="Steiermarkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">SLJG</collectionCode>
77465. Type and depicted specimen,
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF872701FEFFFB3CE14B" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[1063,1203,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipennis">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF872701FEFFFB3CE14B" box="[1063,1203,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">P. latipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female),
<collectionCode id="28ED26B99515FF87260BFEFFFAE2E14A" box="[1325,1389,285,311]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nap9-3men" name="Steiermarkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">SLJG</collectionCode>
(no number). The latter specimen is also labeled as
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF87218DFEA2FC35E126" authority="Unger" authorityName="Unger" authorityYear="1841" box="[683,954,320,347]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhipidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extincta">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF87218DFEA2FCE3E127" box="[683,876,320,346]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Rhipidia extincta</emphasis>
Unger
</taxonomicName>
, but this must be a mistake since the specimen does not at all fit the original description of
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF87219DFE86FCF4E103" authorityName="Unger" authorityYear="1841" box="[699,891,356,382]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Rhipidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extincta">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF87219DFE86FCF4E103" box="[699,891,356,382]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Rhipidia extincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723E1FE6AFE33E1DE" bold="true" box="[199,444,392,419]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Additional material:</emphasis>
Female (
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1833).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723E1FE4EFC3BE1BA" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" box="[199,948,428,455]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
The
<typeStatus id="914700DE9515FF8723DCFE4FFEA5E1BA" box="[250,298,429,455]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">type</typeStatus>
specimen was redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9515FF872159FE4EFC3FE1BA" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A." box="[639,944,428,455]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref11587" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A. (2017) Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits. Zootaxa, 4225 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4225.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Skartveit &amp; Nel (2017: 51)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723E1FE32FE8DE272" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
The species is habitually similar to
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF87216BFE32FCCEE197" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1868" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[589,833,464,490]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cimicoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF87216BFE32FCCEE197" box="[589,833,464,490]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Penthetria cimicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but easily distinguished from this species by the short vein
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<subScript id="D278BC399515FF8723C7FDE4FF75E269" attach="left" box="[225,250,518,532]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">2+3</subScript>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723E1FDFBFE91E24E" bold="true" box="[199,286,537,563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Female</emphasis>
: Total length
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(N=2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723E1FDDEFBE3E22B" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" box="[199,1132,572,599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Head: Length
<quantity id="890413999515FF872241FDDFFE32E22A" box="[359,445,573,599]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
(N=1), width
<quantity id="890413999515FF87217BFDDFFD3CE22A" box="[605,691,573,599]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
(N=2). Width Black, poorly preserved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723E1FD82FC42E207" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" box="[199,973,608,635]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Thorax: Length
<quantity id="890413999515FF87225BFD82FD8BE206" box="[381,516,608,635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.6 mm</quantity>
(N=3), width
<quantity id="890413999515FF872182FD83FCA4E206" box="[676,811,609,635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.4 mm</quantity>
(N=2). Black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723E1FD66FE0CE30A" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Wing (
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): Length
<quantity id="890413999515FF8722F0FD67FDE2E2E2" box="[470,621,645,671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="9.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="9.8" valueMax="10.3" valueMin="9.3">9.3–10.3 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="890413999515FF8721E7FD67FCC4E2E2" box="[705,843,645,671]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="3.5999999999999996" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="3.4">3.4–3.8 mm</quantity>
, length/width = 2.7–2.9 (N=3). Dark brown fumose, relatively wide. Costa distinctively curved, costal cell wide. Subcosta relatively weak.
<collectionCode id="28ED26B99515FF87275EFD4BFB04E2BE" box="[1144,1163,681,707]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">R</collectionCode>
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oblique, with a slight bend in the middle. Pterostigma oval, not very distinctive. Costa extends a little beyond apex of
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. Wing vein measurements: basal
<collectionCode id="28ED26B99515FF8722ABFD13FE2FE376" box="[397,416,753,779]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">R</collectionCode>
2.7–3.0 mm (N=3), distal
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<quantity id="890413999515FF872027FD13FC04E376" box="[769,907,753,779]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="3.45" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.8 mm</quantity>
(N=3), basal
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–1.8 mm (N=3), distal
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</geoCoordinate>
–1.8 mm (N=3),
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1.0–
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(N=3),
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<subScript id="D278BC399515FF872186FCC4FD36E349" attach="left" box="[672,697,806,820]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">4+5</subScript>
2.7–3,0 mm (N=3), R–M
<quantity id="890413999515FF8720C4FCF6FBB6E352" box="[994,1081,788,815]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
(N=2), basal M 3.0 mm (N=1), distal M
<quantity id="890413999515FF8723DAFCDBFE0BE32E" box="[252,388,825,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.1 mm</quantity>
(N=2), M
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<quantity id="890413999515FF872121FCDBFDD2E32E" box="[519,605,825,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
(N=1), M
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<quantity id="890413999515FF8721C6FCDBFCB8E32E" box="[736,823,825,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
(N=2), CuA
<quantity id="890413999515FF8720EAFCDAFBDBE32E" box="[972,1108,824,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.35" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.5 mm</quantity>
(N=2), CuA
<subScript id="D278BC399515FF8727C5FCA8FB64E325" attach="left" box="[1251,1259,842,856]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">1</subScript>
<quantity id="890413999515FF8727D5FCDAFAC6E32E" box="[1267,1353,824,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
(N=1), CuA
<subScript id="D278BC399515FF8723EAFC8CFF5BE301" attach="left" box="[204,212,878,892]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">2</subScript>
<quantity id="890413999515FF8723FDFCBFFEBEE30A" box="[219,305,861,887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
(N=1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723E1FC63FCA0E3C3" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Legs: Black, slender. Fore tibia length
<quantity id="890413999515FF8721A3FC63FD52E3E6" box="[645,733,897,923]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
(N=1). Hind femur length
<quantity id="890413999515FF872730FC63FBE1E3E6" box="[1046,1134,897,923]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
(N=1), slightly thickened, hind tibia
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(N=3), tibia and tarsus quite slender.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723E1FC2AFEE6E47A" blockId="9.[151,1436,284,1031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Abdomen: Length
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(N=2). Black, oval, poorly preserved in
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF8720CCFC2BFBFBE39F" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[1002,1140,968,994]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latipennis">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8720CCFC2BFBFBE39F" box="[1002,1140,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">P. latipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="914700DE9515FF87275DFC2BFB21E39E" box="[1147,1198,969,995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">type</typeStatus>
, covered by wings in
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF8723B1FC0FFEA4E47B" authorityName="Evenhuis" authorityYear="1994" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[151,299,1004,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723B1FC0FFEA4E47B" box="[151,299,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">P. lygaeoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="914700DE9515FF872217FC0FFEEAE47A" box="[305,357,1005,1031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1A83EEF49515FF8723B1F831FC98E791" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3741190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3741190" box="[151,791,2003,2028]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3741190/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" startId="9.[151,250,2003,2028]" targetBox="[176,1411,1052,1978]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9515FF8723B1F831FC98E791" blockId="9.[151,791,2003,2028]" box="[151,791,2003,2028]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF8723B1F831FE43E791" bold="true" box="[151,460,2003,2028]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
FIGURE 7.
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9515FF87223FF831FE43E791" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1868" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[281,460,2003,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9515FF87223FF831FE43E791" bold="true" box="[281,460,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Plecia lygaeoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, female, holotype, SLJG 77465.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4E43BE7C9516FF8423E1FF7BFA8EE162" blockId="10.[151,1437,153,287]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
The species has been recorded from both Radoboj and French Oligocene sites (
<bibRefCitation id="2A6DC38D9516FF842763FF7BFACAE0CE" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A." box="[1093,1349,153,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref11587" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A. (2017) Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits. Zootaxa, 4225 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4225.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Skartveit &amp; Nel, 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Given that these sites are now thought to be more than 10 MYr older than Radoboj, it seems questionable if the two species are the same. Should they be found to be different, the Radoboj species will keep the name
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9516FF8427F3FF03FA13E086" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1868" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[1237,1436,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9516FF8427F3FF03FA13E086" box="[1237,1436,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Plecia lygaeoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
whereas the French Oligocene species should be called
<taxonomicName id="89FCC5FF9516FF842021FEE7FB72E162" authority="(Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[775,1277,260,287]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="7C88626E9516FF842021FEE7FC47E162" box="[775,968,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Plecia gracilenta</emphasis>
(Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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