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<document id="29AB80344350E7D1300CAAE399B48358" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3613.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="88402adc-2dec-436a-bdc2-dea7c1f36bb1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="247248" ID-ZooBank="FBA490AE-9195-4323-8AAF-04729ABE8B66" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460574555215" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Baiocchi, Daniele" docDate="2013" docId="B312A25DFF9EFFB094B5FD39FB3195F2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03613p481.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3613 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anthaxia manca Baiocchi, 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="462" masterDocId="4F2BDA25FF9FFFB79422FFB1FF92941E" masterDocTitle="The Anthaxia (Anthaxia) manca (Linnaeus, 1767) species-group in Iran, with description of a new species and a new synonymy (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)" masterLastPageNumber="481" masterPageNumber="455" pageNumber="456" updateTime="1698322904158" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CB5E5206D8EA22CF0559C349B21655AE">The Anthaxia (Anthaxia) manca (Linnaeus, 1767) species-group in Iran, with description of a new species and a new synonymy (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7504A243309B2791FD7609AAEBD564C8">Baiocchi, Daniele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="12831A77450309D56C86B115439AEA93">2013</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B312A25DFF9EFFB094B5FD39FB3195F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6154003" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127598889" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6154003" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B312A25DFF9EFFB094B5FD39FB3195F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B312A25DFF9EFFB094B5FD39FB3195F2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<subSubSection id="73A140C0FF9EFFB494B5FD39FE26970A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9EFFB694B5FD39FD3A96BC" blockId="1.[151,680,648,675]" box="[151,680,648,675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<heading id="604CA427FF9EFFB694B5FD39FD3A96BC" bold="true" box="[151,680,648,675]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" reason="1">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB694B5FD39FD3A96BC" bold="true" box="[151,680,648,675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
The
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB694EDFD38FE0A96BD" ID-CoL="66ZHM" box="[207,408,649,675]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB694EDFD38FE0A96BD" bold="true" box="[207,408,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Anthaxia manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group in
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9EFFB69653FD39FD3A96BC" box="[625,680,648,674]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Iran</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9EFFB694B5FD78FD30978B" blockId="1.[151,1436,713,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB694B5FD78FECC96FC" bold="true" box="[151,350,713,738]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Taxonomic part.</emphasis>
The general composition of the
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB696FFFD78FCD996FF" box="[733,843,713,737]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB696FFFD78FCD996FF" box="[733,843,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group was formerly treated by Obenberger (1917), Schaefer (1949), Richter (1945a, 1949), and more recently by Bílý (1982, 2005) who also described some new species of the group, which is now comprised of the following palaearctic species:
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69055FCA0FAE59737" authority="Bily, 1982" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="1982" box="[1143,1399,785,809]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brodskyi">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69055FCA0FB649737" box="[1143,1270,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. brodskyi</emphasis>
Bílý, 1982
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB691A6FCA0FE129753" authority="Bily, 2005" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupressi">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB691A6FCA0FF619753" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. cupressi</emphasis>
Bílý, 2005
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB695B3FC84FD7B9753" authority="Frivaldszky, 1884" authorityName="Frivaldszky" authorityYear="1884" box="[401,745,821,845]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackeri">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB695B3FC84FD989753" box="[401,522,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. hackeri</emphasis>
Frivaldszky, 1884
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB696D8FC84FB899753" authority="Bily, 1983" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="1983" box="[762,1051,821,845]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB696D8FC84FC1D9753" box="[762,911,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. magnifica</emphasis>
Bílý, 1983
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB6900FFC84FAE09753" authority="Linnaeus, 1767" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[1069,1394,821,845]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB6900FFC84FB0E9753" box="[1069,1180,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. manca</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1767)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB691A6FC84FEF8976F" authority="Abeille" authorityName="Abeille" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB691A6FC84FE9F976F" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. mancatula</emphasis>
Abeille
</taxonomicName>
de Perrin, 1900;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB6961EFCE8FD29976F" box="[572,699,857,881]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senicula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB6961EFCE8FD29976F" box="[572,699,857,881]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. senicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB696DFFCE8FBB2976F" authority="Schrank, 1789" authorityName="Schrank" authorityYear="1789" box="[765,1056,857,881]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senicula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB696DFFCE8FCC8976F" box="[765,858,857,881]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">senicula</emphasis>
(Schrank, 1789)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69012FCE8FB22976F" box="[1072,1200,857,881]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senicula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69012FCE8FB22976F" box="[1072,1200,857,881]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. senicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB690D3FCEBFAAC976F" box="[1265,1342,858,881]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">cretica</emphasis>
Brandl, 1993;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB694FFFCCCFECC978B" box="[221,350,893,917]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simandli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB694FFFCCCFECC978B" box="[221,350,893,917]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. simandli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69546FCCCFE2C978B" bold="true" box="[356,446,893,917]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12FC7222FF9EFFB69546FCCCFE2C978B" box="[356,446,893,917]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
;
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB695EEFCCCFD0D978B" authority="Bily, 2005" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="2005" box="[460,671,893,917]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ulmi">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB695EEFCCCFD8F978B" box="[460,541,893,917]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. ulmi</emphasis>
Bílý, 2005
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9EFFB694E5FC10FCA193EF" blockId="1.[151,1436,713,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
Although no specific study of this group in
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9EFFB69693FC13FD4E97A7" box="[689,732,930,953]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Iran</collectingCountry>
has ever been published, some authors have dealt with species occurring in the Iranian territory, among them Abeille de Perrin (1900) who described the poorly known
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69127FC74FA0E97C3" box="[1285,1436,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69127FC74FA0A97C3" box="[1285,1432,965,989]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">A. mancatula</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
seemingly from a single male specimen (
<figureCitation id="A3800FCEFF9EFFB69640FC58FD20901F" box="[610,690,1001,1025]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1760,1783]" captionTargetBox="[244,1338,208,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[239,1347,193,1739]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20. Fig. 17, Anthaxia (Anthaxia) magnifica Bílý, 1983, holotype Ƥ (NMPC), dorsal aspect, 9.8 mm; Fig. 18, the same, data labels; Fig. 19, A. (A.) mancatula Abeille, 1900, lectotype 3 (MNHN), dorsal aspect, 5.5 mm; Fig. 20, the same, data labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247254/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
) obtained by Reitter from an unspecified locality in the Arax river valley, a natural boundary between
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9EFFB6963DFBBFFDDF903B" box="[543,589,1038,1061]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9EFFB69678FBBCFD2B903B" box="[602,697,1037,1061]" name="Armenia" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Armenia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9EFFB696D3FBBCFCF9903B" box="[753,875,1037,1061]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9EFFB69755FBBFFC079038" box="[887,917,1038,1062]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">As</collectingCountry>
the name clearly suggest, the presence of dark pronotal bands in this specimen, induced the author to compare it with the similar
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69064FB80FB229057" box="[1094,1200,1073,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69064FB80FB229057" box="[1094,1200,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Since Théry (1926) proposed its synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB695F8FBE4FDD19073" box="[474,579,1109,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB695F8FBE4FDD19073" box="[474,579,1109,1133]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the species was for a long time considered so by most authors (Obenberger 1930; Théry 1942; Richter 1945b, 1949; Schaefer 1949; Cobos 1986; Bílý 1997), and only recently has been resurrected from synonymy (Bílý 2006). Some years after Abeille’s description, Obenberger (1913), evidently not taking in consideration
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB695B5FB70FDBA90C7" box="[407,552,1217,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB695B5FB70FDBA90C7" box="[407,552,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69687FB70FCBF90C7" box="[677,813,1217,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69687FB70FCBF90C7" box="[677,813,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. aurulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
f.
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB6976EFB70FC5390C7" box="[844,961,1217,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB6976EFB70FC5390C7" box="[844,961,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9EFFB69026FB73FBA190C7" box="[1028,1075,1218,1241]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Iran</collectingCountry>
. The description was based upon two specimens, probably obtained by Hauser, and collected in Astrabad, a city presently known as Gorgān, in the Iranian province of Golestan. In his note Obenberger states that, although pubescence and other characters are similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB694D4FA9CFEED915B" box="[246,383,1325,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB694D4FA9CFEED915B" box="[246,383,1325,1349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. aurulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the dorsal colouration is closer to
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69721FA9CFCF8915B" box="[771,874,1325,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69721FA9CFCF8915B" box="[771,874,1325,1349]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially in one of his specimens, which showed dark pronotal bands. This observation about the presence of dark bands in only one of the two
<typeStatus id="E400ADE9FF9EFFB69086FAE3FB419177" box="[1188,1235,1362,1385]" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">type</typeStatus>
specimens, which had been collected together with many other specimens in a same place, might be considered as a first assessment of the variability of this species, but on the other hand seems not to have raised any doubt in Obenberger about a possible conspecificity of his species with
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69624FA0CFD0591CB" box="[518,663,1469,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69624FA0CFD0591CB" box="[518,663,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, since in his study “Holarktische Anthaxien” (Obenberger 1917:40) he considered
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69530FA50FE3791E7" box="[274,421,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69530FA50FE3791E7" box="[274,421,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a form of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69611FA50FD2B91E7" box="[563,697,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69611FA50FD2B91E7" box="[563,697,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. aurulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB696D6FA50FC1191E7" box="[756,899,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB696D6FA50FC1191E7" box="[756,899,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a different, valid species. In his contribution to the Catalogus Coleopterorum regionis Palaearcticae (Obenberger 1926:647), he elevated
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69048F9B4FB6C9203" box="[1130,1278,1541,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69048F9B4FBE99203" box="[1130,1147,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB690ABF9B4FB6C9203" box="[1161,1278,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the rank of species. Some years later, in his contribution to the Coleopterorum Catalogus (Obenberger 1930:496), the same author partly changed his opinion on
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB695C0F9FCFDE6927B" box="[482,628,1613,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB695C0F9FCFDE6927B" box="[482,628,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and following Théry (1926), he considered it as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB6910CF9FCFA07927B" box="[1326,1429,1613,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB6910CF9FCFA07927B" box="[1326,1429,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Surprisingly, in another subsequent paper (Obenberger 1935), he changed his mind also about
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB690EEF9C0FAF19297" box="[1228,1379,1649,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB690EEF9C0FAF19297" box="[1228,1379,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and returned to consider it as a subspecies of
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69674F924FD7692B3" box="[598,740,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69674F924FD7292B3" box="[598,736,1685,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">A. aurulenta</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
even using the incorrect spelling “
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69042F924FB6E92B3" box="[1120,1276,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">intermedians”</emphasis>
. The evidence that, in this last paper, he was actually referring to the same taxon described in 1913 is given by the detailed description of the difference between
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69590F96CFDAD92EB" box="[434,575,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">intermedians</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69657F96CFD4C92EB" box="[629,734,1757,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69657F96CFD4C92EB" box="[629,734,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">aurulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in particular between the respective genitalia. Consequently the name
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB694FFF8B0FEF89307" box="[221,362,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">intermedians</emphasis>
, which in the World Catalogue of the Genus
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB697A2F8B0FBE29307" authority="Bily 1997" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="1997" box="[896,1136,1793,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB697A2F8B0FC709307" box="[896,994,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(Bílý 1997)
</taxonomicName>
had been interpreted as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB6953CF894FDDF9323" authority="Gmelin, 1790" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1790" box="[286,589,1829,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deaurata">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB6953CF894FE0C9323" box="[286,414,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. deaurata</emphasis>
(Gmelin, 1790)
</taxonomicName>
, in my opinion, must now be considered as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB690E2F894FAC29323" box="[1216,1360,1829,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB690E2F894FAC29323" box="[1216,1360,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the same article, Obenberger also described further forms of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69735F8F8FC33937F" box="[791,929,1865,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69735F8F8FC33937F" box="[791,929,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. aurulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, among them
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69067F8F8FB5D937F" box="[1093,1231,1865,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69067F8F8FB5D937F" box="[1093,1231,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. aurulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ab.
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69120F8F8FA09937F" box="[1282,1435,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">babadjanidesi</emphasis>
from Caucasus (Babadjanides, near Jelizavetpol) and Daghestan (Temir-Char-Šura), which was correctly considered as an unavailable name (Bílý 1997).
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB6962AF820FD7493B7" box="[520,742,1937,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB6962AF820FD7493B7" box="[520,742,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Anthaxia intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was always considered by Théry (1930, 1942) a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB691A6F820FE9293D3" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurulenta">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB691A6F820FE9293D3" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">A. aurulenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while instead Richter (1945a,b, 1949), in his studies on
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69757F804FC6493D3" box="[885,1014,1973,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Buprestidae</taxonomicName>
of Caucasus, Middle Asia and USSR, treated it as a good species in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9EFFB69649F868FCBF93EF" box="[619,813,2009,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Trichocratomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9EFFB69649F868FCBF93EF" box="[619,813,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="456">Trichocratomerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FC443C3FF9DFFB594B5F966FCE99312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247249/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" targetBox="[379,1205,195,1727]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9DFFB594B5F966FCE99312" blockId="2.[151,1436,1751,1804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9DFFB594B5F966FEA992F2" bold="true" box="[151,315,1751,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis>
Fig. 1,
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9DFFB595AFF966FD2992F3" box="[397,699,1751,1773]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simandli" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Anthaxia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9DFFB595AFF966FE7A92F3" box="[397,488,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9DFFB595DAF966FDC192F3" box="[504,595,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">Anthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9DFFB59646F966FD2992F3" box="[612,699,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">simandli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9DFFB596E1F969FC8692F3" bold="true" box="[707,788,1752,1773]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12FC7222FF9DFFB596E1F969FC8692F3" box="[707,788,1752,1773]" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype Ƥ (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 9.5 mm; Fig. 2, the same, ventral aspect; Fig. 3, the same, dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9DFFB494E5F888FE889622" blockId="2.[151,1436,1848,2017]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9DFFB594E5F888FF74934F" box="[199,230,1849,1873]" name="American Samoa" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">As</collectingCountry>
evidenced above, the situation of the mid-oriental species of the group, remained rather confused for a long time, due also to the fact that early authors used to base their descriptions almost exclusively on the colour and external morphological characters. Only recently did I realize that the systematic position of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9DFFB590C3F830FAEF9387" box="[1249,1405,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="457" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9DFFB590C3F830FAEF9387" box="[1249,1405,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="457">A. intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is incorrect. Actually, during the study of a number of specimens, both from my own collection and from collections of other specialists and museums, I had noticed that the pronotal colour pattern of this species shows strong variability, a feature that in many cases has even raised doubts about the true identity of some specimens. I observed in particular, that some of the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB496D9FF0DFC0694CA" box="[763,916,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB496D9FF0DFC0694CA" box="[763,916,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with dark pronotal bands from Caucasus and northern
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB494DDFF51FEBE94E9" box="[255,300,224,247]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="A3800FCEFF9CFFB4951FFF6EFE0194E9" box="[317,403,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1980,2003]" captionTargetBox="[311,1269,202,1958]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[300,1289,193,1961]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Fig. 10, Anthaxia (Anthaxia) mancatula Abeille, 1900 3 (Iran, Ziaran, DBCR), dorsal aspect, 6.6 mm; Fig. 11, the same ventral aspect; Fig. 12, the same, dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247252/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
), show strong convergence of habitus with
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB497AAFF51FBB294E6" box="[904,1056,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB497AAFF51FBB294E6" box="[904,1056,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="A3800FCEFF9CFFB49013FF6EFB1494E9" box="[1073,1158,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1760,1783]" captionTargetBox="[244,1338,208,1734]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[239,1347,193,1739]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20. Fig. 17, Anthaxia (Anthaxia) magnifica Bílý, 1983, holotype Ƥ (NMPC), dorsal aspect, 9.8 mm; Fig. 18, the same, data labels; Fig. 19, A. (A.) mancatula Abeille, 1900, lectotype 3 (MNHN), dorsal aspect, 5.5 mm; Fig. 20, the same, data labels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247254/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
), while other specimens without pronotal bands (
<figureCitation id="A3800FCEFF9CFFB49597FEB5FD9E9502" box="[437,524,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[195,1387,185,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[175,1419,175,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 16. Fig. 13, Anthaxia (Anthaxia) mancatula Abeille, 1900 3 (Iran, Ziaran, DBCR), dorsal aspect of specimen without pronotal bands, 7.0 mm; Fig. 14, A. (A.) senicula (Schrank, 1789) 3 (Armenia, Vedi, Khosrov Forest Reserve, DBCR), dorsal aspect, 8.2 mm; Fig. 15, the same, dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body; Fig. 16, the same, ventral aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247253/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
), sometimes even reared together with the banded form from the same wood samples, are extremely similar to the dark form of
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB496EAFE99FD73955E" box="[712,737,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB496D2FE99FC9B955E" box="[752,777,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A.</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4973AFE99FBBD9521" authority="Schrank, 1789" authorityName="Schrank" authorityYear="1789" box="[792,1071,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senicula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4973AFE99FCE7955E" box="[792,885,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">senicula</emphasis>
(Schrank, 1789)
</taxonomicName>
occurring in Caucasus (
<figureCitation id="A3800FCEFF9CFFB4911EFE96FA1C9521" box="[1340,1422,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[195,1387,185,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[175,1419,175,1911]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 16. Fig. 13, Anthaxia (Anthaxia) mancatula Abeille, 1900 3 (Iran, Ziaran, DBCR), dorsal aspect of specimen without pronotal bands, 7.0 mm; Fig. 14, A. (A.) senicula (Schrank, 1789) 3 (Armenia, Vedi, Khosrov Forest Reserve, DBCR), dorsal aspect, 8.2 mm; Fig. 15, the same, dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body; Fig. 16, the same, ventral aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247253/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). A few specimens from Lenkoran (
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49607FEFDFD36957A" box="[549,676,332,356]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
) hosted in NMPC, that I recently examined, show an unexpected coloured habitus with bright green pronotum and strongly reddish elytra similarly to the form of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB490F4FEC1FAC19596" box="[1238,1363,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senicula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB490F4FEC1FAC19596" box="[1238,1363,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. senicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found in southern
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49502FE25FEF995B2" box="[288,363,404,428]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Russia</collectingCountry>
and northern Caucasus. The definition of the
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB497A3FE25FC7C95B2" box="[897,1006,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB497A3FE25FC7C95B2" box="[897,1006,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in the area comprising eastern
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB494B5FE06FF7A95D1" box="[151,232,439,463]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, northwestern
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB495B5FE09FE5695D1" box="[407,452,440,463]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
and Caucasus, is greatly complicated by the strong convergence of the habitus of different species, and a correct identification can be achieved only through the examination of the male genitalia, while in females it is sometimes extremely difficult and rather doubtfully based on other slight morphological differences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9CFFB494E5FDF6FE26970A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
During my recent visits to the Prague Museum, I have had the opportunity to explain my point of view on this problem to Bílý, and to exchange opinions also with other specialists working on the same species-group, who had also experienced similar problems of determination. Finally, a recent visit to the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris, allowed me to study the
<typeStatus id="E400ADE9FF9CFFB4965BFD04FD3B96D3" box="[633,681,693,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB496ECFD05FCF196D2" box="[718,867,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB496ECFD05FCF196D2" box="[718,867,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, having verified the absence of any significant morphological difference, I definitely consider
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4969EFD69FBBD96F1" authority="Obenberger, 1913" authorityName="Obenberger" authorityYear="1913" box="[700,1071,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4969EFD69FCCB96EE" box="[700,857,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. intermedia</emphasis>
Obenberger, 1913
</taxonomicName>
to be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB491A6FD69FE22970A" authority="Abeille, 1900" authorityName="Abeille" authorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB491A6FD69FE9F970A" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. mancatula</emphasis>
Abeille, 1900
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="73A140C0FF9CFFB094E5FCAEFB3195F2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9CFFB494E5FCAEFDF1900E" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB494E5FCAEFD9A9726" bold="true" box="[199,520,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Distribution and bionomy.</emphasis>
In the
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4967CFC91FD599726" box="[606,715,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4967CFC91FD599726" box="[606,715,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group,
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB497A3FC91FB8B9726" box="[897,1049,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB497A3FC91FB8B9726" box="[897,1049,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the most adaptable and widely diffused species, and in my opinion represents the link between the western and the oriental branches of the group. It was formerly known only from the Caucasus, a region from where it had sporadically been reported, while as a result of the present synonymy, its actual distributional range is now known to reach from northern Caucasus to Central Asiatic Republics, and perhaps also to
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB4970CFC1EFCE797D9" box="[814,885,943,967]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">China</collectingCountry>
. In
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB497BFFC01FC5897D9" box="[925,970,944,967]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
this species is widespread in the northern part of the country, commonly in all areas where
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4969CFC65FC8597F2" box="[702,791,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Zelkova" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4969CFC65FC8597F2" box="[702,791,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Zelkova</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4976FFC65FC0497F2" box="[845,918,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4976FFC65FC0497F2" box="[845,918,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Ulmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be found, including urban parks and even rows of planted trees along urban streets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9CFFB494E5FBADFB4D9182" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB494E5FBADFE35902A" box="[199,423,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB494E5FBADFE35902A" box="[199,423,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Anthaxia magnifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from northern
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB4972BFBACFCA4902A" box="[777,822,1053,1076]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
(Bílý 1983), and in a recent paper on the
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4910CFBADFA0E902A" box="[1326,1436,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4910CFBADFA0E902A" box="[1326,1436,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group (Bílý 2005), this species was stated as the only taxon of its group present in this country, thus leaving out the widely distributed
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4959EFBD5FDC19062" box="[444,595,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4959EFBD5FDC19062" box="[444,595,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which had actually been described from
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49007FBD4FBC79062" box="[1061,1109,1125,1148]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
, and reported from there also by Richter (1945a, 1949, as
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB495FBFB39FDED90BE" box="[473,639,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cratomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB495FBFB39FDED90BE" box="[473,639,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">C. intermedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), Adeli (1972, as
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4976DFB39FC6790BE" box="[847,1013,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cratomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4976DFB39FC6790BE" box="[847,1013,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">C. intermedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), Volkovitsh &amp; Alexeev (1994, as
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB491A0FB39FE8990DA" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cratomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedius">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB491A0FB39FE8990DA" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">C. intermedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and Borumand (2002). More recently, the presence of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB497A4FB1DFB8C90DA" box="[902,1054,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB497A4FB1DFB8C90DA" box="[902,1054,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. intermedia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49063FB1CFBFC90DA" box="[1089,1134,1197,1220]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
has also been reported in a paper by Barimani Varandi
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB495E9FB60FD9190F6" box="[459,515,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
(2009). The place where
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB49700FB61FC2390F6" box="[802,945,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49700FB61FC2390F6" box="[802,945,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. magnifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally found (
<figureCitation id="A3800FCEFF9CFFB4908CFB7EFA9390F9" box="[1198,1281,1231,1255]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 60" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1198,1221]" captionTargetBox="[462,1120,186,1175]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[460,1127,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 60. Fig. 59, North Iran (Tehrān prov.), 10 km N Ziaran, 2100 m, locality of Anthaxia (Anthaxia) magnifica Bílý, 1983 (on the foreground the small tree of Salix sp. from which were collected the wood samples with larvae); Fig. 60, West Iran (Lorestan prov.), 25 km SE of Dorud, 5 km SE of Darband, 2400 m, topotypical locality of A. (A.) simandli sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247264/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
), is located in the western part of the Elburs mountain range, while a further male that I have recently examined comes from the Kurdistan province. The area of the topotypycal locality of this species is characterized by a mountain environment with a rather scarce tree cover, except along narrowly embanked streams with dense riparian vegetation, mostly composed of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4950FFAD1FEF79166" box="[301,357,1376,1400]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4950FFAD1FEF79166" box="[301,357,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB495B8FAD1FE649166" box="[410,502,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB495B8FAD1FE649166" box="[410,502,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, together with
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB496BCFAD1FD7A9166" box="[670,744,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB496BCFAD1FD7A9166" box="[670,744,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Ulmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and some wild and cultivated
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB49019FAD0FB3B9166" box="[1083,1193,1377,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
. The herein described
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB494B5FA35FE859182" box="[151,279,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simandli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB494B5FA35FE859182" box="[151,279,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. simandli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12FC7222FF9CFFB4953FFA35FEE49182" box="[285,374,1412,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" rank="species">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4953FFA35FEE29182" bold="true" box="[285,368,1412,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
was also found in a similar environment (
<figureCitation id="A3800FCEFF9CFFB4976CFA35FC339182" box="[846,929,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 60" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1198,1221]" captionTargetBox="[462,1120,186,1175]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[460,1127,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 60. Fig. 59, North Iran (Tehrān prov.), 10 km N Ziaran, 2100 m, locality of Anthaxia (Anthaxia) magnifica Bílý, 1983 (on the foreground the small tree of Salix sp. from which were collected the wood samples with larvae); Fig. 60, West Iran (Lorestan prov.), 25 km SE of Dorud, 5 km SE of Darband, 2400 m, topotypical locality of A. (A.) simandli sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247264/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
), in the western part of
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49088FA34FB499182" box="[1194,1243,1413,1436]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9CFFB494E5FA16FCC293C2" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">
Actually, areas more suitable to the requirements of this species-group are mostly found in the north and western part of the country, that show a more continental climate, very different from the arid steppes and deserts of the Central Plateau, and from the hot desertic coastal region on the Persian Gulf. The discovery of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB49139FA41FA0F9216" box="[1307,1437,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simandli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49139FA41FA0F9216" box="[1307,1437,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. simandli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12FC7222FF9CFFB494B5F9A5FF619232" box="[151,243,1556,1580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" rank="species">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB494B5F9A5FF7F9232" bold="true" box="[151,237,1556,1580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
takes to three the number of species of this group present in
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB497E4F9A4FC649232" box="[966,1014,1557,1580]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
, and definitely fills in the presumed distributional gap in the Middle East. With regard to the possible presence of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4902FF989FB19924E" box="[1037,1163,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="senicula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4902FF989FB19924E" box="[1037,1163,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. senicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in north-western
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49174F989FA149251" box="[1366,1414,1592,1615]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
, I believe that its occurrence in
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB495C5F9EDFDDE926A" box="[487,588,1628,1652]" name="Armenia" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Armenia</collectingCountry>
, in the Khosrov Forest Reserve and in the area of Meghri (legit Kalashian and Aghababian), near the border with
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49671F930FD119286" box="[595,643,1665,1688]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
, suggests the possibility to eventually find this species also on Iranian territory. This would raise to four the number of species, and turn
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB497A0F914FC3D92A2" box="[898,943,1701,1724]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
into the country with the richest number of representatives of this group. The records of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB49681F979FC9D92FE" box="[675,783,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49681F979FC9D92FE" box="[675,783,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49778F978FC1592FE" box="[858,903,1737,1760]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
need confirmation, since I failed to trace any specimen of this species with an undoubted Iranian provenance. At present, I estimate that records of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB49112F95DFA0E931A" box="[1328,1436,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49112F95DFA0E931A" box="[1328,1436,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. manca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB494FAF8BEFEBA9339" box="[216,296,1807,1831]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Turkey</collectingCountry>
and from the upper Caucasus are plausible, while citations for
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF9CFFB49030F8A1FBAD9339" box="[1042,1087,1808,1831]" name="Iran" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Iran</collectingCountry>
(Adeli 1972, sub
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB49134F8A1FF7E9352" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cratomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49134F8A1FF7E9352" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Cratomerus mancus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Curletti 1994; Cobos 1986; Davatchi
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4969AF884FD7C9352" box="[696,750,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">et al</emphasis>
. 1959, as
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB4974EF884FC749352" box="[876,998,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cratomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB4974EF884FC749352" box="[876,998,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">C. mancus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Richter 1945a, 1949, as
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB49138F884FA019352" box="[1306,1427,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Cratomerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49138F884FA019352" box="[1306,1427,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">C. mancus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Schaefer 1937; Théry 1942) are very doubtful, having probably originated from misidentification of specimens of
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB494B5F8CDFEBE938A" box="[151,300,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB494B5F8CDFEBE938A" box="[151,300,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A. mancatula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with well developed dark pronotal bands, or even aberrant specimens of other similar species like
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB491A6F8CDFDC593A6" authority="Obenberger, 1914" authorityName="Obenberger" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holoptera" subGenus="Anthaxia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB491A6F8CDFA0E938A" box="[1412,1436,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49482F811FE9793A6" box="[160,261,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Anthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49535F811FE1693A6" box="[279,388,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">holoptera</emphasis>
Obenberger, 1914
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9CFFB496A2F811FB8993A6" authority="Kirsch, 1880" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1880" box="[640,1051,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyrcana" subGenus="Anthaxia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB496A2F811FD0B93A6" box="[640,665,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">A.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49689F811FC8293A6" box="[683,784,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">Anthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9CFFB49700F811FCEE93A6" box="[802,892,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="458">hyrcana</emphasis>
Kirsch, 1880
</taxonomicName>
. Most of the authors merely gave credit to old citations reporting them verbatim on their papers.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FC443C3FF9BFFB394B5F81FFC2E93FD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247250/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" targetBox="[365,1215,199,1934]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9BFFB394B5F81FFC2E93FD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1966,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9BFFB394B5F81FFEA893DA" bold="true" box="[151,314,1966,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">FIGURES 4–6.</emphasis>
Fig. 4,
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9BFFB395ABF81EFCA693DA" authority="Bily, 1983" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="1983" box="[393,820,1966,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica" subGenus="Anthaxia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9BFFB395ABF81EFE7693DB" box="[393,484,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9BFFB395D1F81EFDDD93DB" box="[499,591,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">Anthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9BFFB3967FF81EFD5093DB" box="[605,706,1967,1989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="459">magnifica</emphasis>
Bílý, 1983
</taxonomicName>
Ƥ (Iran, Ziaran, DGCC), dorsal aspect, 10.1 mm; Fig. 5, the same, ventral aspect; Fig. 6, the same, dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6FC443C3FF9AFFB294B5F804FC2E93F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247251/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" targetBox="[304,1261,200,1953]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF9AFFB294B5F804FC2E93F4" blockId="5.[151,1436,1973,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9AFFB294B5F804FEA893D5" bold="true" box="[151,314,1973,1996]" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">FIGURES 7–9.</emphasis>
Fig. 7,
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF9AFFB295AEF807FCA893D5" authority="Bily, 1983" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="1983" box="[396,826,1974,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica" subGenus="Anthaxia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9AFFB295AEF807FE7593D2" box="[396,487,1974,1996]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9AFFB295D5F807FDC093D2" box="[503,594,1974,1996]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">Anthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF9AFFB29640F807FD5593D2" box="[610,711,1974,1996]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="460">magnifica</emphasis>
Bílý, 1983
</taxonomicName>
3 (Iran, Ziaran, DBCR), dorsal aspect, 9.1 mm; Fig. 8, the same, ventral aspect; Fig. 9, the same, dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6FC443C3FF99FFB194B5F80DFB9E93EF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/247252/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="461" targetBox="[311,1269,202,1958]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF99FFB194B5F80DFB9E93EF" blockId="6.[151,1437,1980,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="461">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF99FFB194B5F80DFEC693CC" bold="true" box="[151,340,1980,2003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="461">FIGURES 10–12.</emphasis>
Fig.10,
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF99FFB1958BF80CFCE893CC" authority="Abeille, 1900" authorityName="Abeille" authorityYear="1900" box="[425,890,1980,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mancatula" subGenus="Anthaxia">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF99FFB1958BF80CFD9693CD" box="[425,516,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="461">Anthaxia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF99FFB19631F80CFDFD93CD" box="[531,623,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="461">Anthaxia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF99FFB1965FF80CFD7A93CD" box="[637,744,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="461">mancatula</emphasis>
Abeille, 1900
</taxonomicName>
3 (Iran, Ziaran, DBCR), dorsal aspect, 6.6 mm; Fig. 11, the same ventral aspect; Fig. 12, the same, dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3B04134BFF98FFB094E5FF26FB3195F2" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">
With regard to bionomy, although species of this group were reported as developing in a great variety of broadleaved plants in other countries, and in one case also in
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB09733FF0DFB8094CD" authority="Bily 2005" authorityName="Bily" authorityYear="2005" box="[785,1042,187,211]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB09733FF0DFC1794CD" box="[785,901,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Cupressus</emphasis>
(Bílý 2005)
</taxonomicName>
, larvae of the three Iranian species have so far been reared only from
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB0960DFF6FFD1A94E8" box="[559,648,222,246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Zelkova" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB0960DFF6FFD1A94E8" box="[559,648,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Zelkova</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB096BBFF6FFD7094E8" box="[665,738,222,246]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB096BBFF6FFD7094E8" box="[665,738,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Ulmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB09702FF6FFCCA94E8" box="[800,856,222,246]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB09702FF6FFCCA94E8" box="[800,856,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Adults, with rare exceptions, are not attracted to flowers, and can usually be observed on sun-exposed leaves of their host plants. It is hard to say whether the extreme rarity of species like
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB095CEFE94FDEF9523" box="[492,637,293,317]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB095CEFE94FDEF9523" box="[492,637,293,317]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">A. magnifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB09695FE94FCAB9523" box="[695,825,293,317]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simandli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB09695FE94FCAB9523" box="[695,825,293,317]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">A. simandli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB09760FE94FC0F9523" bold="true" box="[834,925,293,317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="12FC7222FF98FFB09760FE94FC0F9523" box="[834,925,293,317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is actually due to a scarcity of specimens in nature, rather than to lack of intensive field research concerning the
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB09785FEF9FB9E957E" box="[935,1036,328,352]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB09785FEF9FB9E957E" box="[935,1036,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Anthaxia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fauna of the
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB0908AFEF9FB72957E" box="[1192,1248,328,352]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB0908AFEF9FB72957E" box="[1192,1248,328,352]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex, plants from which, in the Western Palaearctic,
<taxonomicName id="FCBB68C8FF98FFB09676FEDAFD2B959D" box="[596,697,363,387]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Anthaxia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="09CFCF59FF98FFB09676FEDAFD2B959D" box="[596,697,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Anthaxia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have only occasionally been reported, while in
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF98FFB09106FEDDFAC3959D" box="[1316,1361,364,387]" name="Iran" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Iran</collectingCountry>
I have reared several species from this group of plants. The possibility that further undescribed species of this group might still be found in the Middle East and Asian countries is likely, especially in countries like
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF98FFB090EFFE03FB6F95D7" box="[1229,1277,434,457]" name="Iran" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF98FFB0912EFE00FA0A95D7" box="[1292,1432,433,457]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF98FFB094B5FE65FF6495F2" box="[151,246,468,492]" name="Pakistan" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="43AC53DBFF98FFB0950EFE65FEFD95F2" box="[300,367,468,492]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="462">China</collectingCountry>
which are still poorly investigated from the entomological point of view.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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