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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861" ID-GBIF-Dataset="364558cf-522a-4be7-9889-19bd67f09710" ID-PMC="PMC8825427" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-86-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" ID-PubMed="35145339" ModsDocID="1314-4049-86-103" checkinTime="1643737480241" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Torres-Garcia, Daniel, Gene, Josepa &amp; Garcia, Dania" docDate="2022" docId="9BAF568A8315B85B232248AB5B9F8792" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 86: 103-145" docOrigin="MycoKeys 86" docPubDate="2022-02-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861" docTitle="Penicillium submersum Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" masterDocTitle="New and interesting species of Penicillium (Eurotiomycetes, Aspergillaceae) in freshwater sediments from Spain" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1732488755257" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="EEB095144C6ED8BB4AE515F0BDB86603" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="52C48CF7B4FA2CDF56DF594828F507A5">
<mods:title id="BC1CCC0C9B21F96C6D3E08D18128E2B7">New and interesting species of Penicillium (Eurotiomycetes, Aspergillaceae) in freshwater sediments from Spain</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D168F20932EEDB2CB99B8C3BDB09E05B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AB62FA44F8392FF3240DCECF7BA67EE6">
<mods:roleTerm id="36EA962BE4230C7D556E4F0BB0B3A19A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3AF5DBE595DA064E3ABC10BF60E893E6">Torres-Garcia, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6E03DD7FDBC1D50B1E9DA29631B0C162">Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EF56204BCC6704019C28BF63C5AAECC6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2814776168E489DD226F12C5C5BEE18B">
<mods:roleTerm id="90FF776A948921C87C7E4FD21CCDB505">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1993952007F8AE60D5B017F10C32AD0F">Gene, Josepa</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F58C0329C817C455FEA5271685A4CBA8" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-9299</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="663B8F3A936CB78F4B35D9FA8532D01E">Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AD2D11B0AADD2B293E236A05FC5D3794" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B5FC7DFD54D331B55B6D2A143D93680E">
<mods:roleTerm id="2D5C45A57C4F807DE68CA63FBD91BA4C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ABB38AA2D76315C505EDC8476E5D881C">Garcia, Dania</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="51D39167131BF73FC178096BEDF9BDF8">Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B6A4FDE29CDA5B38960449A440EEB000" type="email">dania.garcias@urv.cat</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4CCCAA33C39EA423E3F11BA9D7491BC4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5F7FD8451241FECB6471322F4B257795">
<mods:title id="3383C6067E3A9C70C76C256C83F4C0D3">MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F3E548E5F2BA3800C2610F23FD472E0D">
<mods:date id="0A064D297FD1B525E16718D1732A306B">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F0C5476F952AD200681663A3E5C211E8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="ED3ABAAFBA3084FC809422A71A708F1D">2022-02-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="60FE024C022727DDF0592905FC6775AA" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8F63940092D7DEFC2F1634D5BB816BBC">86</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8894A5DADEB4A935D593A6DFC3484EC0">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="145072FB214AD85A12F67350E38022CD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4F1F8E989FC500CF77293C5BEEEDF02C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2A259568BC030574B6F65282991C291E" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-86-103</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="9BAF568A8315B85B232248AB5B9F8792" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193243886" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9BAF568A8315B85B232248AB5B9F8792" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9BAF568A8315B85B232248AB5B9F8792" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" scope_class="Eurotiomycetes" scope_family="Aspergillaceae">
<subSubSection id="3F5B9547B0F9A494230C171B557E18F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F64273BDEB93C131C15E085BAEB71A5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="1DA6B02C44F0A7E9E64A15B79554BA29" ID-CoL="B2ML8" LSID="840560" authority="Torres-Garcia, Gené and Dania García" authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium submersum" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="submersum" status="sp. nov.">
Penicillium submersum Torres-Garcia,
<normalizedToken id="6D013CEE3B2244040F68C64278DD86E0" originalValue="Gené">Gene</normalizedToken>
and Dania
<normalizedToken id="035CBB53A3FEAFF0CF1719CAD83BE24D" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F5B36EF05C53AEF9D02B93DD7F47E99C" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="412804638260C9F1C92388F879D9AB9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="855E57A2ADE63D8C02B13ABAC2E7BA66" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<figureCitation id="23E52A2D1CFA5950C121EBD16B97A88B" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Morphological characters of Penicillium submersum sp. nov. (ex-type FMR 17140). A colonies from left to right (top row) CYA, MEA, YES, and OA; (bottom row) CYA reverse, MEA reverse, DG 18, and CREA B-F conidiophores on MEA G conidia. Scale Bars: 25 μm (B), 10 μm (C-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640613" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EC4340A812427898BB60118CA68C6F56" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="2F3E579881C8E57509BCCF22FB622342" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDECAD6FE0523764ECE997091B80E4CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Referring to the submerged sediment sample where the fungus was isolated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E5A73D3EAFB2EBEF2B35002A06BC0864" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F61004CA97AC8E9CD9073D2C669C8879" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<typeStatus id="4914EBD8154800E245D918FA206C082E">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A48A18B91115AC7F49C147D29906BEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<materialsCitation id="84008025D03774B79E837AA1E0898989" accessionNumber="FMR 17140" collectingDate="2018-02" collectorName="E. Carvalho, J. Gene" country="Spain" location="Siurana's Swamp" municipality="Montsant Natural Park" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Catalonia" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="70C4F72B8374546F268601D34066170A" name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4C705A66DF80191923D01F4D95AC362B" country="Spain" name="Catalunya">Catalonia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="4729532813CCF41118833FC2E6CB1437">Montsant Natural Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7C0C36B1C9192EB51D36F19FE7451CEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9BAF568A8315B85B232248AB5B9F8792:7C0C36B1C9192EB51D36F19FE7451CEF" country="Spain" municipality="Montsant Natural Park" name="Siurana's Swamp" stateProvince="Catalonia">
<normalizedToken id="375BF7C151170718A5EA2E57CF358626" originalValue="Siurana’s">Siurana's</normalizedToken>
Swamp
</location>
, from sediments,
<collectingDate id="9D75D67639121A18202F910D6BFE72B5" value="2018-02">Feb. 2018</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="7D074084089474FD64D2DAA7E8A14CE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<collectorName id="DDF92C071E23C2DF38DE7C4E3D8F3283">E. Carvalho</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="8174A22A5AEE409E60F0C9D3A278C799" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<collectorName id="826E018E6EF4CE8C611E9F15D3D83C8B">
J.
<normalizedToken id="51C59B1DA5349961B895F55373175D36" originalValue="Gené">Gene</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4D520EDD06865CF45B9D2941EC75BAA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<typeStatus id="C8409F8F4F54341446CEA2D10C2A95C3">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
CBS H-24785, cultures ex-type CBS 148242 =
<accessionNumber id="649B1713F75788D69CE5F4A9EE81C13A" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FMR17140">FMR 17140</accessionNumber>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1BA07EF57F43E4EE2B6CC3F622E36C22" doi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640613" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph id="95D83534259E64B055A974C5CC9F6B8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="A7CFF257D0B7C40E85DB41D79F37D049" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 14.</emphasis>
Morphological characters of
<taxonomicName id="6851A5A79B44C3576148B02B2281A998" authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium submersum" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="submersum">
<emphasis id="67397189285B4279C7E15BCA257639AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium submersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (ex-type
<accessionNumber id="462B44228718F2205829FB75E94D7A20" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FMR17140">FMR 17140</accessionNumber>
).
<emphasis id="EEB9B68538DC413B6B7F36BAA41C5872" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
colonies from left to right (top row) CYA, MEA, YES, and OA; (bottom row) CYA reverse, MEA reverse, DG18, and CREA
<emphasis id="B4D9B5CE1662C3770A9A624CCDBF8E6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B-F</emphasis>
conidiophores on MEA
<emphasis id="1E8B582C8C5DFE938B77F2C5E165A0AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">G</emphasis>
conidia. Scale Bars: 25
<normalizedToken id="9DE2157055A31507791CD4D94546E0A5" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="92A6339E2E92A3BBF4285BAC3C76D06C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B</emphasis>
), 10
<normalizedToken id="11AF9DA78ABE3F55F657B8860EB7500E" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="072D23A28C170BA79B6431F098D5DAEE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C-G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D2C1F9F5D92D50F42A2C1222416FA66" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="subgeneric classification">
<paragraph id="F17B830AA9F846084B6295833B273F3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Subgeneric classification.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A76C9B68BBF38572FD76AEAE1754086" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="ED1FD813CCB38FF36D8219F41AED8DB1" authority="Penicillium" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium (Penicillium)" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Penicillium">Penicillium Penicillium</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8A216401F32203EEE5FD530CF4BD2A0D" authority="Robsamsonia" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium subsp. section" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="section" section="Robsamsonia">Penicillium section Robsamsonia</taxonomicName>
, series
<taxonomicName id="E98068F329E3A472747C10A011D2FD64" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="series" series="Urticicola">
<emphasis id="ADAAD2D11A47F08C43C6A9C7EF3EB6B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium Urticicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C25CA2A8B2C67B58CCDCE32F146E95F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="94BDBFEEAC59BA1CF7C60E3CA94FFA0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B5D223E76C46969E321913738A16E86" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="2C5443909A7AE53512BCEFE134A1A342" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Mycelium</emphasis>
superficial and immersed composed of septate, smooth-walled, hyaline hyphae, 2-2.5
<normalizedToken id="9D1D0E51217655A5C9E6ACF17078E31C" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide.
<emphasis id="555B4E48F9D60AABF8AB0CC4DFB1E9BE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Conidiophores</emphasis>
mostly terverticillate, in minor proportion biverticillate and quarterverticillate;
<emphasis id="712284423A41E33153FA5D2A1F57273B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">stipes</emphasis>
smooth-walled, 29-142
<normalizedToken id="7CC40116C60F6FE5252D893FF29E587F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2.5
<normalizedToken id="56AD47E2B4855D364BFF7B59732A197F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis id="DE69603603438F9E6B32D14124C90999" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">metulae</emphasis>
divergent, mostly 2, occasionally 3 per stipe/branch, 5.5-7.5
<normalizedToken id="5A0A080147453A67221284A9B6B82485" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-4
<normalizedToken id="150E48A32137715A4E6D16708506144F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis id="9D27EDD2FDC15A1C23E3329DF5CBDA59" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">phialides</emphasis>
2-5 per metula, ampulliform, 4-5.5
<normalizedToken id="3636BB7DAC39E799DE5B06182BAFE4AB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2.5
<normalizedToken id="F8B5E38FD994E1AD3FA40315799A88F6" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis id="A92C3B41891C5684C6AB9A08249CE490" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">conidia</emphasis>
smooth-walled, ellipsoidal, 3-3.5
<normalizedToken id="8DDB83388E0B87F7E00A9132460803B8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-2.5
<normalizedToken id="6F976820E77A091DBE504B615E36720F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8CAE6EC044DE16F4156536A2A0A67E53" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="D1DF05C416B62421EE985C6087194D1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Culture characteristics (7 d at 25 °C).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBBBAD4397E7E98E8474635A58F97A8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Colonies on CYA, 34-37 mm diam., elevated, with some radially furrow, floccose, light yellow (4A5) and yellowish white (4A2) towards periphery, margins entire, sporulation sparse, conidial masses grayish green (28C4); reverse golden brown (5D7) and orange (5A6) at periphery; soluble pigment absent. On MEA, 28-29 mm diam., slightly elevated, floccose, white (1A1) to light yellow (4A5) at periphery, margins entire, sporulation sparse, conidial masses grayish green (27C3); reverse light yellow (4A5); soluble pigment absent. On YES, 33-36 mm diam., slightly elevated at center, radially sulcate, velvety, light brown (6D4) and white (1A1) towards periphery, margins slightly lobate, sporulation sparse, conidial masses grayish green (28C3); reverse grayish orange (5B5); soluble pigment absent. On OA, 18-20 mm diam., elevated at center, fasciculate, yellowish white (4A2) and pale gray towards periphery, margins low and entire, sporulation abundant, conidial masses grayish green (28B3); reverse grayish yellow (4C5); soluble pigment absent. On DG18, 11-13 mm diam., elevated, floccose, white (1A1) at center, pale yellow (4A3) and grayish yellow (4C3) towards periphery, margins entire, sporulation abundant, conidial masses grayish green (27C3); reverse light yellow (4A5) and yellowish white (2A2) at periphery; soluble pigment absent. On CREA, 15-19 mm diam., flattened, floccose, white (1A1) and pale yellow (3A3), margins low and irregular, sporulation sparse, conidial masses grayish green (28B3-C3); reverse white (1A1) and pale yellow (3A3); soluble pigment absent, acid production strong.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90FA7015E9A24E5605439A90B9E8D65D" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="colony diameter on cya after 7d (mm)">
<paragraph id="09873F3A9E1E547BA83D47B6A982084C" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Colony diameter on CYA after 7d (mm).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4C47D6A729AFEDF36CE06D18029CDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">5 °C no growth, 15 °C 20-21, 20 °C 25-26, 30 °C 28-30, 35 °C 17-16, 37 °C 9-11, 40 °C no growth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88A7A05C25A5C51127B880F6CC094494" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="221A09D72C4F5545D7D5F30621012AA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E72A6793A497A73CC5339084C5FA0381" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Spain.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="927ADCA3E86F2828BC0C2F5D0D1B573A" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="notes">
<paragraph id="779A33F150425A124E300CBA8BE39602" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF1D54E3E89562D6FA405F39C4E7B9A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Species in
<taxonomicName id="D7DD0BC0BEE9B69B8364D10053C390EF" authority="Robsamsonia" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="subsp. section" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="section" section="Robsamsonia">section Robsamsonia</taxonomicName>
were characterized by restricted to moderately fast growth rate on CYA at 25 °C (15-32 mm diam in 7 d) and lack or slow of growth on CYA at 30 °C (up to 19 mm diam) (
<bibRefCitation id="60B77A5FEC0ED33BC0E8931F2A726BDF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692040" author="Houbraken, J" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="299 - 314" refId="B38" refString="Houbraken, J, Wang, L, Lee, HB, Frisvad, JC, 2016. New sections in Penicillium containing novel species producing patulin, pyripyropens or other bioactive compounds. Persoonia 36: 299 - 314, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692040" title="New sections in Penicillium containing novel species producing patulin, pyripyropens or other bioactive compounds." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692040" volume="36" year="2016">Houbraken et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7ACEFBCD3F2642DAB67F3C8345B783FD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" author="Houbraken, J" journalOrPublisher="Studies in Mycology" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="5 - 169" refId="B39" refString="Houbraken, J, Kocsube, S, Visagie, CM, Yilmaz, N, Wang, XC, Meijer, M, Kraak, B, Hubka, V, Bensch, K, Samson, RA, Frisvad, JC, 2020. Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species. Studies in Mycology 95: 5 - 169, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" title="Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" volume="95" year="2020">Houbraken et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). However, the novel species showed faster growth rates on CYA at both temperatures (i.e., 34-37 mm and 28-30 mm diam., respectively).
<taxonomicName id="568DFD499915265AC4031F54CA5331E2" authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium submersum" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="submersum">
<emphasis id="9EFE351E3C95DB37E438E57CD5138BBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium submersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares morphological features with the other two species (
<taxonomicName id="EB12A2ECBAC3D3FDE87641DB36D5E6F9" lsidName="P. griseofulvum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="griseofulvum">
<emphasis id="001089E140416A84E36865CC6D938994" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. griseofulvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3AF19DC1642507E99ACEBA1D8A1D4613" lsidName="P. dipodomycola" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="dipodomycola">
<emphasis id="5622CDF931B750C549AF10F42327C037" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. dipodomycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) of the series
<taxonomicName id="53D0BD1E267267B133F41A8ADE6C4E7A" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="series" series="Urticicola">
<emphasis id="1414E3F109F520595986B4712A14FF50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Urticicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
where it is classified (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9CA0BA01A7325694781EDBE44494FA6F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree of Penicillium section Robsamsonia based on ML analysis obtained by RAxML inferred from the combined tub 2, cmdA, ITS, and rpb 2 loci. Branch lengths are proportional to phylogenetic distance. Bootstrap support values / Bayesian posterior probability scores above 70 % / 0.95 are indicated on the nodes. Bold branches indicate bs / pp values 100 / 1. The tree is rooted to P. paradoxum CBS 527.65 and P. malodoratum CBS 490.65. The name in red is the new species described in this study. T = Ex-type strain." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640601" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">2</figureCitation>
), which consisted in having bi-, ter, or quarterverticillate, divergent, smooth-walled conidiophores and short phialides (up to 7
<normalizedToken id="2A8440AA963F0D4EBF49DC6F450068D4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="20AF153BBE5D34303FFA9A562EFAB14E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" author="Houbraken, J" journalOrPublisher="Studies in Mycology" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="5 - 169" refId="B39" refString="Houbraken, J, Kocsube, S, Visagie, CM, Yilmaz, N, Wang, XC, Meijer, M, Kraak, B, Hubka, V, Bensch, K, Samson, RA, Frisvad, JC, 2020. Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species. Studies in Mycology 95: 5 - 169, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" title="Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" volume="95" year="2020">Houbraken et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="6AB3DAE30618245FF42FACA80E60AF28" lsidName="P. submersum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="submersum">
<emphasis id="B93F847C667B2DD048ECCC4A8C5EC1C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. submersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows the shortest phialides within the group (4-5.5 vs. 5-7
<normalizedToken id="D81123ECD8D38CF1A7BBAC2C880714A0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
). In addition, our species has strong acid production on CREA, in contrast to the lack of acid production of
<taxonomicName id="8E7CAE536D9E99988ED6134A4F598A8D" lsidName="P. griseofulvum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="griseofulvum">
<emphasis id="1C52E769021A073EFA9850D675780FE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. griseofulvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="79449B9C42C4CB6FA7CA0FE603022029" lsidName="P. dipodomycola" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="dipodomycola">
<emphasis id="8C4A8A8A96A57DEF4E795893FFBCA095" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. dipodomycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the same medium (
<bibRefCitation id="A030098EE861706510722E6E423AF92C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692040" author="Houbraken, J" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="299 - 314" refId="B38" refString="Houbraken, J, Wang, L, Lee, HB, Frisvad, JC, 2016. New sections in Penicillium containing novel species producing patulin, pyripyropens or other bioactive compounds. Persoonia 36: 299 - 314, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692040" title="New sections in Penicillium containing novel species producing patulin, pyripyropens or other bioactive compounds." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X692040" volume="36" year="2016">Houbraken et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8FE94C274B414BAC850A143ED6132F9F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" author="Houbraken, J" journalOrPublisher="Studies in Mycology" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="5 - 169" refId="B39" refString="Houbraken, J, Kocsube, S, Visagie, CM, Yilmaz, N, Wang, XC, Meijer, M, Kraak, B, Hubka, V, Bensch, K, Samson, RA, Frisvad, JC, 2020. Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species. Studies in Mycology 95: 5 - 169, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" title="Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" volume="95" year="2020">2020</bibRefCitation>
); and colony reverse on CYA and YES in
<taxonomicName id="EF0B7EF1B5C74113A382FC54FD728EFF" lsidName="P. submersum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="submersum">
<emphasis id="782D04A2A06437197F3558C7EA438FD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. submersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is golden brown to orange and grayish orange, respectively, while in
<taxonomicName id="C3C19721C5018A8512791F1944AA4CE9" lsidName="P. griseofulvum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="griseofulvum">
<emphasis id="721FDD6ED35C43969F65B412315CF598" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. griseofulvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="15084B0F2DCC1C0CAEE08B0F1D1FCFB3" lsidName="P. dipodomycola" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="dipodomycola">
<emphasis id="9543FC0296A7E741A0920B72BB1BF92D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. dipodomycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is beige brown to dark brown in both culture media (
<bibRefCitation id="81B96AFC74DC08912BBFC034BFB16269" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" author="Houbraken, J" journalOrPublisher="Studies in Mycology" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="5 - 169" refId="B39" refString="Houbraken, J, Kocsube, S, Visagie, CM, Yilmaz, N, Wang, XC, Meijer, M, Kraak, B, Hubka, V, Bensch, K, Samson, RA, Frisvad, JC, 2020. Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species. Studies in Mycology 95: 5 - 169, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" title="Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" volume="95" year="2020">Houbraken et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="84467FA2B0266B2AC8EBFB6454AC8600" lsidName="P. griseofulvum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="griseofulvum">
<emphasis id="63A528DD65BAF4B1B204545336EE4ECC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. griseofulvum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="26A1C87A0DA276C0EC249E0D0D2CDEC5" lsidName="P. submersum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="submersum">
<emphasis id="CB4E27698454BA5FC7D65A7029200FB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. submersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its gray colony color, especially on CYA, which is in shades of yellow in our species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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