treatments-xml/data/9B/1D/6B/9B1D6B7DFFC8FFB3FF596849FB5BDD7B.xml

<document id="710A68A5D9A43D8B9C826955EFDE6D53" ID-CLB-Dataset="27359" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4577.3.12" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6c583828-832c-4e33-a1d7-b4cf50c5d74f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2632225" ID-ZooBank="0DF6074E-A202-4A3D-91E6-A96D6E95D837" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554704454842" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Medianero, Enrique &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis" docDate="2019" docId="9B1D6B7DFFC8FFB3FF596849FB5BDD7B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4577.3.12.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4577 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andricus barriosi Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey 2019, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="592" masterDocId="67241305FFC9FFBBFFCE6D66FFABDA5C" masterDocTitle="Andricus Barriosi: a new species of oak gall wasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Panama" masterLastPageNumber="595" masterPageNumber="585" pageNumber="586" updateTime="1698719007033" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="38682939F1091C5BE6B7EE32A390E262">Andricus Barriosi: a new species of oak gall wasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Panama</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F8E39263D861CDE585BDCCCDAD56FA12">Medianero, Enrique</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="74EF92A2F65AA9BA0D42A96E29288D88">Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="447C66B03B1B2EBBF5EBFA6441252031">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="9B1D6B7DFFC8FFB3FF596849FB5BDD7B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5933124" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156146772" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5933124" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B1D6B7DFFC8FFB3FF596849FB5BDD7B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B1D6B7DFFC8FFB3FF596849FB5BDD7B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="592" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFC8FFBAFF596849FF53DF37" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFC8FFBAFF596849FCDBDF16" blockId="1.[151,880,1327,1387]" box="[151,880,1327,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<heading id="48436D07FFC8FFBAFF596849FCDBDF16" bold="true" box="[151,880,1327,1354]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" reason="1">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFF596849FCDBDF16" bold="true" box="[151,880,1327,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFF596849FD78DF16" authority="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,723,1327,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFF596849FEC0DF15" bold="true" box="[151,363,1327,1353]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Andricus barriosi</emphasis>
Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF3BB02FFC8FFBAFD2E6856FCDBDF16" box="[736,880,1328,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFC8FFBAFF596834FF53DF37" blockId="1.[151,880,1327,1387]" box="[151,248,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Figs 1–6</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFC8FFBAFF5968FCFB41DD63" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFC8FFBAFF5968FCFE41DC43" blockId="1.[151,1436,1434,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFF5968FCFEEFDFEF" bold="true" box="[151,324,1434,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Type material.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="CC0F64C9FFC8FFBAFE8468FDFE75DFEF" box="[330,478,1435,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="05B211E2FFC8FFBAFE2B68FDFE51DFEE" box="[485,506,1435,1458]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(Fig. 3A) [in Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain (MNCN), card mounted. Cat. no. 2859]: 
<collectingCountry id="6BA39AFBFFC8FFBAFE7868D9FD9BDF8B" box="[438,560,1471,1495]" name="Panama" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="D1701489FFC8FFBAFDF468D8FD31DF8B" box="[570,666,1470,1495]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
, Volcán Barú, 
<geoCoordinate id="7680BCACFFC8FFBAFCF068D8FC73DF8A" box="[830,984,1470,1495]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" precision="1" value="8.797445">8°47´50.8” N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7680BCACFFC8FFBAFC2D68D8FB24DF8A" box="[995,1167,1470,1495]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" precision="1" value="-82.4933">82°29´35.9” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D44C778EFFC8FFBAFB5468D9FAEEDF8A" box="[1178,1349,1471,1495]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.935" metricValueMax="2.07" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" unit="m" value="1935.0" valueMax="2070.0" valueMin="1800.0">1,800–2,070 m</quantity>
; ex gall on leaf of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFEEA6885FCACDFA7" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." box="[292,775,1506,1531]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFEEA6885FDB3DFA7" box="[292,536,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Quercus bumelioides</emphasis>
Liebm. (Fagaceae)
</taxonomicName>
; gall collected 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFC076885FBEEDFA7" box="[969,1093,1507,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-05-08">08-V-2008</date>
; insect emerged 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFAD46885FADBDFA7" box="[1306,1392,1507,1531]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-05">V-2008</date>
, E. Medianero &amp; J. L. Nieves leg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFC8FFBAFF096B4CFEF5DD47" blockId="1.[151,1436,1434,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFF096B4CFEE3DC1F" bold="true" box="[199,328,1578,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<typeStatus id="CC0F64C9FFC8FFBAFF096B4CFEE8DC1F" box="[199,323,1578,1603]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="05B211E2FFC8FFBAFE9E6B4CFEDFDC1E" box="[336,372,1578,1602]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry id="6BA39AFBFFC8FFBAFE4C6B4DFE57DC1F" box="[386,508,1579,1603]" name="Panama" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="D1701489FFC8FFBAFDC66B4DFDC3DC1F" box="[520,616,1579,1603]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
, Volcán Barú, 
<geoCoordinate id="7680BCACFFC8FFBAFCDE6B4CFC00DC1E" box="[784,939,1578,1602]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" precision="1" value="8.797445">8°47´50.8” N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7680BCACFFC8FFBAFC766B4CFBCEDC1E" box="[952,1125,1578,1602]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" precision="1" value="-82.4933">82°29´35.9” W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D44C778EFFC8FFBAFBBF6B4DFAB5DC1E" box="[1137,1310,1579,1603]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.935" metricValueMax="2.07" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" unit="m" value="1935.0" valueMax="2070.0" valueMin="1800.0">1,800–2,070 m</quantity>
; ex gall on leaf of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFF2B6B29FD06DC3B" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." box="[229,685,1614,1639]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFF2B6B29FE7BDC3A" box="[229,464,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Quercus bumelioides</emphasis>
Liebm. (Fagaceae)
</taxonomicName>
; gall collected 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFC9A6B29FC69DC3B" box="[852,962,1615,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-05-08">8-V-2008</date>
; insect emerged 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFBB56B29FB76DC3B" box="[1147,1245,1615,1639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-06">VI-2008</date>
, E. Medianero &amp; J. L. Nieves leg. 
<specimenCount id="05B211E2FFC8FFBAFE9C6B15FEDEDCD7" box="[338,373,1651,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same data but collected 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFD436B15FCAADCD7" box="[653,769,1651,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-01-30">30-I-2008</date>
; insect emerged 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFC746B15FBA6DCD7" box="[954,1037,1651,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-02">ii-2008</date>
, E. Medianero leg.; 
<specimenCount id="05B211E2FFC8FFBAFB206B15FAB8DCD7" box="[1262,1299,1651,1675]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
, 
<collectingCountry id="6BA39AFBFFC8FFBAFAD06B15FA33DCD7" box="[1310,1432,1651,1675]" name="Panama" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="D1701489FFC8FFBAFF596BF0FF5CDCF3" box="[151,247,1686,1711]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
, Alto Quiel, Boquete, 
<geoCoordinate id="7680BCACFFC8FFBAFDCF6BF1FD35DCF2" box="[513,670,1687,1711]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" precision="1" value="8.817139">8°49´01.7” N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7680BCACFFC8FFBAFD636BF1FCF0DCF2" box="[685,859,1687,1711]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" precision="1" value="-82.47564">82°28´32.3&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D44C778EFFC8FFBAFCA46BF0FC67DCF2" box="[874,972,1686,1711]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" unit="m" value="1600.0">1,600 m</quantity>
; ex gall on leaf of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFB7C6BF1FE5CDC8F" authority="M. Martens &amp; Galeotti" authorityName="M. Martens &amp; Galeotti" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFB7C6BF1FADADCF2" box="[1202,1393,1687,1710]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Quercus insignis</emphasis>
M. Martens &amp; Galeotti (Fagaceae)
</taxonomicName>
; gall collected 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFD516BDDFC8CDC8F" box="[671,807,1723,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-11-27">27-XI-2008</date>
; insect emerged 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFC2C6BDDFB86DC8F" box="[994,1069,1723,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2009-01">I.2009</date>
. 
<specimenCount id="05B211E2FFC8FFBAFBF66BDDFBF0DC8F" box="[1080,1115,1723,1747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same data but collected 
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFAB96BDDFEA9DCAB" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2008-12-19">19- XII-2008</date>
; insect emerged 
<bibRefCitation id="7725A79AFFC8FFBAFE1E6BB9FDB6DCAB" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. &amp; Liljeblad, J. &amp; Nieves, M. H. &amp; Grez, A. &amp; Nylander, J. A." box="[464,541,1759,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref5276" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Liljeblad, J., Nieves, M. H., Grez, A. &amp; Nylander, J. A. (2009) Revision and phylogenetics of the genus Paraulax Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) with biological notes and description of a new tribe, a new genus, and five new species. Zootaxa, 2200, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="2009">
<date id="670AFCABFFC8FFBAFE1E6BB9FDB6DCAB" box="[464,541,1759,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" value="2009-01">I-2009</date>
</bibRefCitation>
, E. Medianero leg. 
<typeStatus id="CC0F64C9FFC8FFBAFCDC6BB9FCD4DCAB" box="[786,895,1759,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
in Maestría en Entomología, Universidad de 
<collectingRegion id="D1701489FFC8FFBAFF596A65FF5BDD47" box="[151,240,1795,1819]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Panamá</collectingRegion>
(MEUP).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFC8FFBAFF096A40FB41DD63" blockId="1.[151,1436,1434,2035]" box="[199,1258,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
Additionally, 
<specimenCount id="05B211E2FFC8FFBAFEAF6A41FE28DD63" box="[353,387,1831,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="CC0F64C9FFC8FFBAFE456A41FE5DDD63" box="[395,502,1831,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of the type series were dissected for SEM observation (in MNCN).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFC8FFBAFF096A2CFE14DDDA" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFC8FFBAFF096A2CFE14DDDA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1434,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFF096A2CFEE5DD3F" bold="true" box="[199,334,1866,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after our colleague and friend Dr. Héctor Barrios for his contribution to the development of entomology in 
<collectingCountry id="6BA39AFBFFC8FFBAFE916A09FE10DDDA" box="[351,443,1903,1926]" name="Panama" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFC8FFB9FF096AF4FEC5D894" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="587" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFC8FFB9FF096AF4FD39DA88" blockId="1.[151,1436,1434,2035]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="587" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFF096AF4FE5CDDF7" bold="true" box="[199,503,1938,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Diagnosis and comments.</emphasis>
The new species is closely allied to 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFC5A6AF5FB4EDDF7" authority="Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Pujade-Villar" box="[916,1253,1938,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nievesaldreyi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFC5A6AF5FBE3DDF7" box="[916,1096,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">A. nievesaldreyi</emphasis>
Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFAC86AF5FF43DD93" authority="Kinsey" authorityName="Kinsey" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFAC86AF5FA37DDF6" box="[1286,1436,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">A. mexicanus</emphasis>
Kinsey
</taxonomicName>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFEE96AD1FD90DD93" authority="Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Pujade-Villar" box="[295,571,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgei">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFEE96AD1FE37DD92" box="[295,412,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">A. georgei</emphasis>
Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
, both from 
<collectingCountry id="6BA39AFBFFC8FFBAFD706AD0FCBDDD93" box="[702,790,1974,1999]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, and to 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC8FFBAFCBF6AD1FBC4DD93" authority="Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Pujade-Villar" box="[881,1135,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="586" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maesi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC8FFBAFCBF6AD1FC79DD92" box="[881,978,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">A. maesi</emphasis>
Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="6BA39AFBFFC8FFBAFB7B6AD0FA87DD93" box="[1205,1324,1974,1999]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="1" pageNumber="586">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
. All these species induce similar galls and share the majority of diagnostic morphological characters of the adults, including a sculptured metasoma. However, 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FDDA6DFEFD39DAEC" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[532,658,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FDDA6DFEFD39DAEC" box="[532,658,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be readily distinguished from the other three species by the characters presented in the identification key.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF096DB9FD6BD800" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
The new species differs from all the other mentioned species by its darker coloration with head and body being predominantly brown to black, while the other species are predominantly reddish to amber. 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FB0F6C65FA96DB47" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[1217,1341,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FB0F6C65FA96DB47" box="[1217,1341,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FEBD6C41FE43DB63" box="[371,488,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgei">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FEBD6C41FE43DB63" box="[371,488,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. georgei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the complete notauli, which are faint anteriorly in 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FB836C41FB6ADB63" box="[1101,1217,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgei">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FB836C41FB6ADB63" box="[1101,1217,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. georgei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FB3E6C41FADADB63" box="[1264,1393,295,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FB3E6C41FAC6DB63" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[1264,1389,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">A. barriosi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the scutellar foveae are not well differentiated on the posterior edge, whereas in 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FBC26C2DFB23DB3E" box="[1036,1160,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FBC26C2DFB2FDB3E" box="[1036,1156,331,354]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="georgei">A. georgei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the scutellar foveae are well differentiated and separated by a trapezoidal area. 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FCD66C08FC3FDBDA" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[792,916,366,390]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FCD66C08FC3FDBDA" box="[792,916,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FBFE6C08FB38DBDA" box="[1072,1171,366,390]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maesi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FBFE6C08FB38DBDA" box="[1072,1171,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. maesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the sculpture of the second metasomal segment and the 
<typeStatus id="CC0F64C9FFCBFFB9FDE26CF5FDF7DBF7" box="[556,604,403,427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">type</typeStatus>
of gall. The striated sculpture in the second metasomal tergum is weak in 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FF596CD0FF5CDB92" box="[151,247,438,462]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maesi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FF596CD0FF5CDB92" box="[151,247,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. maesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but strongly marked and extended in the new species. The galls of the two species are also different – galls of the new species are formed on leaves while that of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FCCC6CBCFCCFDBAD" box="[770,868,474,497]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maesi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FCCC6CBCFCCFDBAD" box="[770,868,474,497]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. maesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are on stems or twigs. 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FBBE6CBCFB40DBAD" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[1136,1259,473,497]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FBBE6CBCFB40DBAD" box="[1136,1259,473,497]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FA4A6CBCFE80D849" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nievesaldreyi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FA4A6CBCFE80D849" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. nievesaldreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not only in its darker adult coloration but also in the relative extension and definition of the striated sculpture on T2, which is much more marked in the new species, and in the presence of a smooth area in the mesopleura, which is missing in 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FDC86F23FD12D801" box="[518,697,581,605]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nievesaldreyi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FDC86F23FD12D801" box="[518,697,581,605]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. nievesaldreyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF096F0EFEC5D894" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
The gall of the new species is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FCFD6F0FFB54D8DD" authority="Cameron (1883)" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1883" box="[819,1279,616,641]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FCFD6F0FFB9BD8DC" box="[819,1072,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Cynips guatemalensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7725A79AFFCBFFB9FBF16F0FFB54D8DD" author="Cameron, P." box="[1087,1279,617,641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" pagination="187 - 197" refId="ref4456" refString="Cameron, P. (1883) Descriptions of new genera and species of Hymenoptera. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 31, 187 - 197. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1883. tb 02945. x" type="journal article" year="1883">Cameron (1883)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(cited as 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCBFFB9FA4A6F0FFE93D8F8" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1883" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cynips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guatemalensis">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FA4A6F0FFE93D8F8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">A. guatemalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="7725A79AFFCBFFB9FEAC6FEAFD4CD8F9" author="Medianero, E. &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, J. L." box="[354,743,652,677]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" pagination="89 - 104" refId="ref4797" refString="Medianero, E. &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2011) Primer estudio de las avispas de las agallas de la republica de Panama, incluyendo una lista actualizada de los cinipidos neotropicales (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Cynipidae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (S. E. A.), 48, 89 - 104." type="journal article" year="2011">Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey 2011</bibRefCitation>
), a species that has been considered 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FB4F6FEBFAB7D8F8" box="[1153,1308,652,676]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">incertae sedis</emphasis>
by Pujade- Villar 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FF136FD7FEA4D894" box="[221,271,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">et al</emphasis>
. (2011).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFCBFFBDFF096FB5FA33DB40" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="591" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" type="description">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF096FB5FD16D927" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FF096FB5FE61D8B0" bold="true" box="[199,458,723,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">General Description.</emphasis>
Body length, 
<quantity id="D44C778EFFCBFFB9FD4B6FB5FD4FD8B7" box="[645,740,723,748]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
(range 
<quantity id="D44C778EFFCBFFB9FC836FB2FC4BD8B7" box="[845,992,724,748]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="587" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="2.9">2.9–4.1 mm</quantity>
; 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCBFFB9FC3B6FB2FBA3D8B7" box="[1013,1032,724,747]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">N</emphasis>
= 7) for females. Female body predominantly brown. Head with vertex, occiput and central area of face dark brown to black. Mesosoma dark brown to black (in some individuals). Metasoma dark brown. Scape, pedicel, legs (except the tibiae and metatarsomeres), area postero-lateral of protorax and area lateral-ventral of the tergites of metasoma yellow brown. Forewings hyaline with all the veins dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF096EE0FD92DF58" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Female. Head, with frons and face rugose, genae alutaceous. Face with radiating striae from clypeus, reaching basal and lateral margin of eye. Face and occiput moderately pubescent, front with only one row of setae lateral, genae without setae. Head in dorsal view approximately 2.52 times wider than long (Fig. 1A). POL 2.0 times longer than OOL; posterior ocellus separated from inner orbit of eye by 1.3 times its longest diameter (Fig. 1A). Head in anterior view generally oval (Fig. 1B), 1.24 times wider than high. Genae slightly expanded behind eyes. Clypeus trapezoidal, 1.6 times wider than high, alutaceous, moderately pubescent, ventral margin slightly sinuate and projecting over mandibles. Anterior tentorial pits conspicuous; epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal lines distinct. Malar space 0.3 times height of compound eye, without a distinctive malar sulcus. Distance between antennal rim and compound eye 1.2 times width of antennal socket including rim. Ocellar plate raised. Head, posterior view (Fig. 1C). Gula relatively short; distance between occipital and oral foramina as long as the occipital foramen. Without an occipital carina.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF096869FD64DF33" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Mouthparts (Fig. 1C). Mandibles strong and exposed, moderately pubescent; right mandible with three teeth, left with two teeth. Cardo of maxilla visible, maxillary stipes approximately 2.6 times longer than wide. Maxillary palp five-segmented. Labial palp three-segmented.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF09681DFE21DC7E" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Antennae (Fig. 2E) of moderate length, as long as 1/2 body length, with 14–15 segments; flagellum not broadening toward apex, with short, erect setae and elongate placodeal sensilla visible only on flagellar segments 2–12. Relative lengths of antennal segments 13:15:33:25:24:22:21:20:16:14:13:13:11:24. Pedicel globose, small, 0.9 times as long as scape; F1 1.3 times as long as F2 (Fig. 2G); F12 2.6 times longer than wide and 2.2 times as long as F11 (Fig. 2F).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF096B48FC8FDCED" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Mesosoma (1D–H). Uniformly alutaceous, moderately pubescent, in lateral view 1.2 times as long as high, strongly convex dorsally (Fig. 1H). Pronotum, densely pubescent; with long and dense white setae, lateral surface of pronotum with longitudinal wrinkles; (Fig. 1H). Pronotum short medially, ratio of length of pronotum medially/ laterally = 0.2. Pronotal plate indistinct dorsally (Fig. 1D).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCBFFB9FF096BDBFA8EDDAE" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="587">Mesonotum. Mesoscutum alutaceus, only slightly pubescent with scattered setae anterior, lateral and posteriorly, with a row of setae along the notauli. Notauli percurrent, smooth, well impressed along entire length, reaching pronotum, convergent posteriorly, with an indistinct median mesoscutal impression. Anteroadmedian signa clearly visible. Parapsidal signa broad, smooth. Transscutal fissure narrow (Fig. 1E). Scutellum (Fig. 1F), rounded, approximately 0.7 times as long as mesoscutum, rugose, posterior margin not emarginate. Scutellar foveae not well differentiated, shallow, smooth and indistinct margins posteriorly. Scutellum, overlapping the dorsellum posteriorly in lateral view. Axillula moderately pubescent, their anterior margins and posterior marked. Mesopleuron medially with some longitudinal rugae, the sculpture being weak or almost smooth basally and posterodorsally; the pubescence is moderate, with the mesopleural triangle densely pubescent (Fig. 1H).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCAFFB8FF596AF6FEB8DDB8" blockId="3.[151,1436,1936,2020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCAFFB8FF596AF6FEB2DDF9" bold="true" box="[151,281,1936,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">FUGURE 1</emphasis>
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCAFFB8FEEA6AF6FE48DDFA" box="[292,483,1936,1958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCAFFB8FEEA6AF6FE74DDFA" authority="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, 2019" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[292,479,1936,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="588" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi" status="sp. nov.">Andricus barriosi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF3BB02FFCAFFB8FE236AF7FDC4DDFA" box="[493,623,1936,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588" rank="species">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCAFFB8FE236AF7FDC4DDFA" bold="true" box="[493,623,1936,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="588">new species</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, asexual female (A) Head, dorsal view. (B) Head, anterior view. (C) Head, posterior view. (D) Pronotum, antero-dorsal view. (E) Mesosoma, dorsal view. (F) Scutellum. (G) Propodeum. (H) Mesosoma, lateral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCDFFBFFF596AF5FB23DDBA" blockId="4.[151,1436,1939,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCDFFBFFF596AF5FEBEDDF4" bold="true" box="[151,277,1939,1961]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">FUGURE 2</emphasis>
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCDFFBFFED26AF5FE7DDDF5" box="[284,470,1939,1961]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCDFFBFFED26AF5FE79DDF5" authority="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, 2019" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[284,466,1939,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi" status="sp. nov.">Andricus barriosi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF3BB02FFCDFFBFFE126AF5FDF3DDF5" box="[476,600,1939,1961]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589" rank="species">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCDFFBFFE126AF5FDF3DDF5" bold="true" box="[476,600,1939,1961]" pageId="4" pageNumber="589">new species</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, asexual female (A) Metasoma, lateral view. (B) Detail of the reticular area of the metasoma. (C) Metasoma, ventral view. (D) Detail of the ventral spine of the hypopygium, ventral view. (E) Female antenna. (F) Detail of the last flagellomeres. (G) Detail of basal flagellomeres. (H) Legs. (I) Metatarsal claw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCCFFBEFF096DFEFDE2DB41" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Metanotum (Fig. 1G and H). Metapectal-propodeal complex. Metapleural sulcus reaching posterior margin of mesopectus at mid-height of metapectal-propodeal complex (Fig. 1H). Lateral propodeal carinae distinct, strong and arched in their medial portion (Fig. 1G). Median propodeal area wide and bare (Fig. 1G). Lateral propodeal area densely pubescent. Nucha rugose.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCCFFBEFF096C4EFAF3DB1C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,680]" box="[199,1368,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">
Legs (Fig. 2H). Moderately pubescent, metatarsal claws with an acute basal lobe or short tooth (Fig. 
<date id="670AFCABFFCCFFBEFAFE6C4EFAE0DB1C" box="[1328,1355,296,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">2I</date>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCCFFBEFF096C2AFBCFDB8C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Forewing (Fig. 3A). As long as body, veins strongly pigmented. Radial cell 4.0 times longer than wide, open along anterior margin, areolet large, triangular, closed. Rs slightly bowed, reaching wing margin. M nearly straight, not reaching wing margin. Rs+M reaching basalis at mid-height. First abscissa of radius (2r) slightly curved, 2r-m straight. Basal cell pubescent. Apical margin of wing with moderately long hair fringe.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCCFFBEFF096CBBFD2CD8F4" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">Metasoma (Fig. 2A). Large, as long as head and mesosoma combined, 1.3 times as long as high in lateral view. T2 covering approximately 2/3 of metasoma and strongly and longitudinally striated, with a group of sparse short setae anteromedially; following tergites with well marked reticulate sculpture, with one to three short setae in each cell (2B). Projecting part of hypopygial spine, beyond attachment of lateral flap, relatively short (Fig. 2C); approximately 2.0 times as long as basal height of the spine; lateral margins of hypopygial spine with long setae projecting over apical end of the spine (2D).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCCFFBEFF596ADAFF48DDAD" blockId="5.[151,1436,1980,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCCFFBEFF596ADAFEBFDD8D" bold="true" box="[151,276,1980,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">FUGURE 3</emphasis>
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCCFFBEFED46ADAFE78DD8E" box="[282,467,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCCFFBEFED46ADAFE64DD8E" authority="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, 2019" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[282,463,1980,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi" status="sp. nov.">Andricus barriosi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF3BB02FFCCFFBEFE166ADAFDFEDD8E" box="[472,597,1980,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" rank="species">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCCFFBEFE166ADAFDFEDD8E" bold="true" box="[472,597,1980,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">new species</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, asexual female: (A) Forewing. (B) Habitus. (C) 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCCFFBEFB8B6ADAFA98DD8E" box="[1093,1331,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="590">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCCFFBEFB8B6ADAFA84DD8E" box="[1093,1327,1980,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="590" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nievesaldreyi">Andricus nievesaldreyi</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
habitus of female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCFFFBDFF096DF1FA33DB40" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">
Gall (Figs. 4 A–D). Galls present as dense, spherical masses covered with light brown hairs on the midrib of leaves (Fig 4A and B). The gall is first orange, becoming dark brown when mature (Fig. 4C). Diameter measures 
<quantity id="D44C778EFFCFFFBDFF596D86FEE2DAAB" box="[151,329,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.125" metricValueMax="2.16" metricValueMin="2.09" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" unit="cm" value="2.125" valueMax="2.16" valueMin="2.09">2.09 to 2.16 cm</quantity>
. The majority of galls are solitary and develop indistinctly on the upper or lower surface of the leaf blade. The internal structure of the gall shows a highly lignified core enclosing several larval cells (Fig. 4D and E)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFCFFFBDFF096C41FE66DB38" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCFFFBDFF096C41FE66DB38" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFF096C41FECBDB1C" bold="true" box="[199,352,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFEA36C4EFD92DB1C" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[365,569,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFEA36C4EFD92DB1C" box="[365,569,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Andricus barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found between 
<quantity id="D44C778EFFCFFFBDFCF76C4EFC42DB63" box="[825,1001,296,320]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.535" metricValueMax="2.07" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" unit="m" value="1535.0" valueMax="2070.0" valueMin="1000.0">1,000–2,070 m</quantity>
asl at Volcán Barú and Alto Quiel, 
<collectingRegion id="D1701489FFCFFFBDFF596C2AFEC9DB39" box="[151,354,332,357]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Chiriquí Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="6BA39AFBFFCFFFBDFEA36C2BFE62DB38" box="[365,457,333,356]" name="Panama" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFCFFFBDFF096C09FDCBDD80" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCFFFBDFF096C09FCE7DBA9" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFF096C09FE8CDBD4" bold="true" box="[199,295,367,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Biology.</emphasis>
Only the asexual generation of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFD666C16FC8DDBD4" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[680,806,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFD666C16FC8DDBD4" box="[680,806,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">A. barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known, which induces galls on leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFAF06C16FEDDDBF1" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFAF06C16FEB5DBF0" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Quercus bumelioides</emphasis>
Liebm.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFE656CF2FC80DBF1" authority="M. Martens &amp; Galeotti" authorityName="M. Martens &amp; Galeotti" box="[427,811,404,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFE656CF2FD8FDBF0" box="[427,548,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Q. insignis</emphasis>
M. Martens &amp; Galeotti
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFCF46CF2FC0CDBF0" authorityName="" authorityYear="1829" box="[826,935,404,428]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
, sect. 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFC256CF2FBE6DBF0" box="[1003,1101,404,428]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="595" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
). The galls are found between December and May, during the dry season, when new leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFCBB6CDEFB8BDB8C" box="[885,1056,440,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFCBB6CDEFB8BDB8C" box="[885,1056,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Q. bumelioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFB946CDEFB7DDB93" box="[1114,1238,440,463]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFB946CDEFB7DDB93" box="[1114,1238,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Q. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
begin to emerge. The adult insects emerge from mature galls from June to July.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCFFFBDFF596AC1FDCBDD80" blockId="6.[151,1436,1959,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFF596AC1FEB3DDE0" bold="true" box="[151,280,1959,1981]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">FUGURE 4</emphasis>
Galls of 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFEB16AC1FD9DDDE1" authority="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, 2019" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[383,566,1959,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFEB16AC1FD9DDDE1" box="[383,566,1959,1981]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Andricus barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF3BB02FFCFFFBDFD8B6ACEFD6EDDE1" box="[581,709,1959,1981]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" rank="species">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFD8B6ACEFD6EDDE1" bold="true" box="[581,709,1959,1981]" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">new species</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, (A), (B) and (C) mature galls on 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCFFFBDFBF66ACEFABADDE1" box="[1080,1297,1959,1981]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="591" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bumelioides">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCFFFBDFBF66ACEFABADDE1" box="[1080,1297,1959,1981]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="591">Quercus bumelioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (D) and (E) Sections of galls showing the inner structure.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BAE89E0FFCEFFB3FF596AB6FB5BDD7B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="593" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="description">
<paragraph id="130BDA6BFFCEFFB3FF596AB6FB5BDD7B" blockId="7.[151,1292,2000,2022]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1264,1809,1831]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="593" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCEFFBCFF596AB6FEBEDDBA" bold="true" box="[151,277,2000,2022]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">FUGURE 5</emphasis>
Detail of the sculpture of the mesopleuron in (A) 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCEFFBCFCDE6AB6FC6FDDBA" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[784,964,2000,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCEFFBCFCDE6AB6FC6FDDBA" box="[784,964,2000,2022]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Andricus barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (B) 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFCEFFBCFBD36AB6FAA7DDBA" box="[1053,1292,2000,2022]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFCEFFBCFBD36AB6FAA3DDBA" box="[1053,1288,2000,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nievesaldreyi">Andricus nievesaldreyi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC1FFB3FF596A77FEBEDD7A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1809,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">FUGURE 6</emphasis>
Detail of the sculpture of the metasoma in (A) 
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC1FFB3FD3A6A77FC0CDD7B" authorityName="Medianero &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2019" box="[756,935,1809,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barriosi">
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC1FFB3FD3A6A77FC0CDD7B" box="[756,935,1809,1831]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Andricus barriosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (B) 
<emphasis id="21C00679FFC1FFB3FBCF6A77FB5BDD7B" box="[1025,1264,1809,1831]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">
<taxonomicName id="D4B4A1E8FFC1FFB3FBCF6A77FB47DD7B" box="[1025,1260,1809,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nievesaldreyi">Andricus nievesaldreyi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>